CN107098473B - High-efficient microbial community integration denitrification device based on mineralized filler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized filler. Including the reactor body filled with mineralized filler, from top to bottom are water inlet, spongy water distribution layer, aerobic zone, catheter, anaerobic zone, supporting layer and water outlet. The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1) Select mineralized fillers with rich functional groups on the surface and microbial diversity to build microbial colonies, fully utilize the special physical and chemical properties of mineralized fillers, and fully utilize the functional microorganisms in the colonies 2) The selected mineralized filler is the mineralized waste that has been buried in the environment for many years, and the waste is treated with waste, which greatly reduces the cost of biological denitrification; 3) Compared with the traditional In the biological denitrification process, the microbial group has high activity, and the biological denitrification efficiency is better; 4) The device can realize integrated denitrification, and the effluent quality can directly meet the standard discharge.

Description

An integrated denitrification device for high-efficiency microbial colonies based on mineralized fillers

technical field

The invention relates to the field of biological denitrification of wastewater, in particular to an integrated denitrification device for high-efficiency microbial swarms based on mineralized fillers.

Background technique

According to the "National Comprehensive Water Resources Planning", among the 6,834 water function zones demarcated by major rivers, lakes and reservoirs in the country, 33% of the water function zones have chemical oxygen demand or ammonia nitrogen current pollutants entering rivers that exceed their pollution-holding capacity. And it is 4-5 times of its pollution-holding capacity, and some rivers (sections) are even as high as 13 times. Ammonia nitrogen wastewater has a large amount of discharge, serious hazards, and a wide range of sources. On the other hand, with the acceleration of urbanization, urban domestic waste is increasing day by day, and the number of landfills is considerable, producing a large amount of landfill materials with stable properties-mineralized fillers , this kind of mineralized filler has good chemical adsorption performance and rich and diverse microbial community structure, and has a good effect on the removal of pollutants. Using these cheap and easy-to-obtain environmental wastes as materials for wastewater treatment not only has low treatment costs, but also can turn mineralized wastes in landfills into resources, and realize the purpose of treating "waste" with "waste", which has broad development potential. prospect.

Nitrification and denitrification is a traditional biological denitrification technology, but because most of the microorganisms involved in nitrification reaction: ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrite oxidizing bacteria are aerobic microorganisms, but most of the microorganisms involved in denitrification are anaerobic bacteria, The two cannot co-exist in the same reactor with uniform oxygen supply due to the different demand for oxygen. The reactor design realizes the change of oxygen concentration in space, integrates nitrification and denitrification, saves space and realizes clean denitrification at the same time.

Nitrification is a sequential reaction. First, one type of bacteria oxidizes ammonia into nitrite, and then another type of bacteria oxidizes nitrite into nitrate. Among them, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ammonia into hydroxylamine is ammonia monooxygenation The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of hydroxylamine to nitrite is hydroxylamine redoxase, and the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of nitrite to nitrate is called nitrite redoxase.

The whole nitrification reaction is:

Denitrification is the biological reaction that reduces nitrate and nitrite to nitrogen gas. From a microbiological point of view, denitrification is an anaerobic respiration process of denitrifying bacteria. Nitrate is an electron acceptor and nitrogen is a metabolite. To complete this anaerobic respiration process, electron donors must be continuously obtained from the outside world. (usually organic matter).

The process of autotrophic denitrification is:

5S+6KNO ₃ +2H ₂ O→K ₂ SO ₄ +3N ₂ +4KHSO ₄

The process of heterotrophic denitrification is:

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers for high-efficiency microbial clusters.

In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is:

An integrated denitrification device for high-efficiency microbial clusters based on mineralized fillers, including a reactor body, the top of the reactor body is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom is provided with a water outlet. The interior of the reactor body is divided from top to bottom. It is a water distribution layer, an aerobic area, an anaerobic area and a supporting layer; the water distribution layer is filled with sponges, and the aerobic area and anaerobic area are filled with mineralized fillers for building microbial flora. There are multiple air guide tubes in the area, and the air guide tubes are connected to the external air source. There are multiple air holes evenly distributed on the tube body of the air guide tube, and a liquid guide tube is set at the junction of the aerobic area and the anaerobic area. , the tube body of the catheter is provided with a plurality of water holes facing the aerobic zone, one end of the catheter protrudes out of the reactor body, and the supporting layer is filled with sand.

The high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers, the mineralized fillers are urban domestic garbage that has been landfilled for 4-10 years, with a moisture content of 25%-40% and an ash content of 50% -65%, pH7.7-8.1, organic matter content 7%-12%, cation exchange capacity 10-25mmol/100g, porosity 30-45%, particle size 0.5-2mm, functional groups rich in surface: hydroxyl , carboxyl and amino groups, the microorganisms whose abundance is higher than 7% include: Sphingomonas, Thermomonas, and Hydrophage.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency microbial flora integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers, the thickness of the sponge set in the water distribution layer is 20-40 mm, and the spongy index per square inch is 35-50.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers, three air guide tubes are arranged from top to bottom in the aerobic zone, and the air guide tubes are arranged along the horizontal direction, and the two are arranged at 60° Staggered, the middle one of the air guide pipes protrudes out of the outer wall of the reactor to connect with the external gas source, and the three air guide pipes are connected to each other through a vertically arranged air pipe.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers, the external air source includes an air pump and a rotameter, and the air pump is connected to the air duct through the rotameter.

The described high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers also includes a sampling port for fillers in the aerobic zone, and the sampling ports for fillers in the aerobic zone are arranged on the outer wall of the reactor and located in the Directly opposite to the connection with the external air source.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers, the main body of the reactor filler is divided into the upper half of the aerobic zone and the lower half of the anaerobic zone, and the height ratio is (1.2-1.5): 1.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers, the catheter intersects with the central axis of the reactor and forms an angle of 10°-30° with the horizontal plane. Wrap the filter in the hole.

In the above-mentioned high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers, the support layer at the lower part of the reactor is filled with quartz sand with a particle size of 4-8 mm and a thickness of 60-100 mm.

The advantages of the present invention are: 1) select mineralized fillers with rich functional groups on the surface and microbial diversity to build microbial colonies, make full use of the special physical and chemical properties of mineralized fillers, and give full play to the functional microorganisms in the colonies 2) The selected mineralized filler is the mineralized waste that has been buried in the environment for many years, and the waste is treated with waste, which greatly reduces the cost of biological denitrification; 3) Compared with the traditional In the process of biological denitrification, the microbial group has high activity, and the efficiency of biological denitrification is better; 4) The device can realize integrated denitrification, and the effluent quality can directly meet the standard discharge; 5) Use sponge as the water distribution layer to achieve uniform water distribution , to avoid the phenomenon that part of the packing load caused by the short circuit of the water flow is too high, and the rest does not participate in the reaction; 6) The three air ducts in the upper part of the reactor that are 60° in pairs can realize uniform aeration, so that the ammonia nitrogen can be fully converted into Nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen can maximize the conversion rate of ammonia nitrogen.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the airway in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the infrared analysis figure of mineralized filler;

Fig. 4 is the analysis diagram of mineralized filler microbial community structure;

Fig. 5 is the change figure of pH value of inlet and outlet water in the reactor start-up process;

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the change in the inlet and outlet water matrix and product concentration and the pollutant removal rate in the reactor start-up process;

Fig. 7 is a graph showing the change of trinitrogen concentration in the effluent of the aerobic zone during the start-up of the reactor;

Fig. 8 is a graph showing the change of effluent COD concentration during the start-up process of the reactor;

Among them, 1. Water inlet, 2. Sponge cloth water layer, 3. Air guide tube, 4. Filling sampling port in aerobic zone, 5. Air inlet, 6. Catheter tube, 7. Water outlet sampling port in aerobic zone, 8 . Filling sampling port in anaerobic area, 9. Quartz sand filter support layer, 10. Water outlet, 11. Water inlet device, 12. Peristaltic pump, 13. Air pump, 14. Rotameter, 15. Aerobic area, 16 , anaerobic zone, 17, water outlet device.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment includes a reactor body, the top of the reactor body is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is connected to the water inlet device through a peristaltic pump, and the bottom is provided with a water outlet. layer, aerobic zone, anaerobic zone and supporting layer; the water distribution layer is filled with sponges, the aerobic zone and anaerobic zone are filled with mineralized fillers for building microbial clusters, and the aerobic zone is equipped with multiple Airway, the airway is connected to an external air source, and the body of the airway is evenly distributed with a number of air holes. There are multiple water holes in the aerobic zone, one end of the catheter protrudes out of the reactor body, and the supporting layer is filled with sand. The water outlet at the bottom is connected to the water outlet.

See Figure 3 and Figure 4, the mineralized filler is municipal solid waste that has been buried in the environment for 4-10 years, with a moisture content of 25%-40%, ash content of 50-65%, pH7.7-8.1, and organic matter content of 7%. -12%, the cation exchange capacity is 10-25mmol/100g, the porosity is 30-45%, the particle size is 0.5-2mm, the surface is rich in functional groups: hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino, and the microorganisms with an abundance higher than 7% have : Sphingomonas, Thermomonas, Hydrogenophage.

The thickness of the sponge set by the water cloth layer is 20-40mm, and the sponginess index per square inch is 35-50. There are three air guide tubes from top to bottom in the aerobic zone. The air guide tubes are arranged along the horizontal direction, and the two are staggered at 60°. The air guide tubes are connected to each other through a vertically arranged ventilation tube. The external air source includes an air pump and a rotameter, and the air pump is connected to the air duct through the rotameter. The sampling port of the filler in the aerobic zone is set on the outer wall of the reactor, and is located directly opposite to the connection between the air duct and the external gas source.

The main body of the reactor packing is divided into the upper part of the aerobic zone and the lower part of the anaerobic zone, and the height ratio is (1.2-1.5):1. The catheter intersects the central axis of the reactor, and forms an angle of 10°-30° with the horizontal plane, and wraps the filter screen at the opened water hole. The support layer at the lower part of the reactor is filled with quartz sand with a particle size of 4-8mm and a thickness of 60-100mm.

As shown in Figure 1, the main body of the device in this embodiment is a cylindrical plexiglass with a diameter of 100 mm, mainly including an aerobic nitrification zone and an anaerobic denitrification zone, wherein the height of the aerobic zone is 180 mm, and the height of the anaerobic zone is 120 mm. , the two are separated by a catheter with a diameter of 10mm wrapped in a filter screen after the upper part is evenly perforated. Referring to Figure 2, three air ducts are arranged in the upper half of the aerobic zone at 60° to each other. The middle air duct is connected to the outside world and connected to a rotameter and an air pump to ensure uniform aeration. In addition, the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone are respectively equipped with filling sampling ports, which is convenient for the analysis of the microbial community structure in different oxygen concentration areas and the analysis of the change of organic matter content in the filling, and is conducive to proving the specific pathway and mechanism of biological denitrification , In addition, it also provides ideas for solving the causes and treatment methods of the problem of packing blockage in current engineering applications. The waste water to be treated enters from the water inlet at the top of the reactor, and enters the reactor evenly through the water distribution layer under the action of gravity, and a small part flows through the aerobic nitrification zone aerated by the air pump, and then flows out along the catheter, and the large part Part of it continues to flow through the anaerobic denitrification zone without aeration, and finally passes through the supporting filter layer, and then flows out from the outlet at the bottom of the reactor.

See Figure 5-Figure 8, the initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the influent is 28 mg/L, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reaches 100% through chemical adsorption. Due to the saturation of chemical adsorption and ion exchange, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the effluent gradually increases, and the removal rate gradually decreases To 66%, the decline of effluent pH also indicates that the nitrification reaction began to play a role. In the growth stage of functional microorganisms, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen gradually recovers, and at the same time, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the influent is gradually increased to 50, 100, 200mg/L, and the removal rate can reach more than 99%. In the subsequent process of increasing the ammonia nitrogen load, 3.5g/L sodium bicarbonate was added at the same time, and the effluent changed from light yellow to dark brown at the beginning. The increase in alkalinity inhibited the growth of nitrifying bacteria, and maintained the nitrification in the nitrosation stage. , the effluent nitrite nitrogen increased sharply from the previous 0.1mg/L to 30mg/L, and the effluent pH increased from 6.5 to 7.5. At the same time, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen also dropped to 50%. After two days, the influent carbonic acid was stopped. With the addition of sodium hydrogen, the reactor immediately recovered the original treatment effect, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen reached 96%. This process shows that the reactor has good impact resistance.

A high-efficiency microbial group integrated denitrification device based on mineralized fillers is adopted. The mineralized fillers are fillers that have been anaerobically buried in a landfill in Jiangxi Province for eight years. Through the integrated device, the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent can be basically maintained. Within 15mg/L, it reaches the first-level discharge standard; when the effluent COD is basically maintained within 50mg/L, it meets the first-level discharge standard.

Claims (6)

1. The efficient microbial community integrated denitrification device based on the mineralized filler is characterized by comprising a reactor body, wherein the top of the reactor body is provided with a water inlet, the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a water outlet, and a water distribution layer, an aerobic zone, an anaerobic zone and a supporting layer are respectively arranged in the reactor body from top to bottom; the water distribution layer is filled with sponge, the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone are filled with mineralized filler for constructing microbial colonies, a plurality of air guide tubes are arranged in the aerobic zone and are connected with an external air source, a plurality of air holes are uniformly distributed on tube bodies of the air guide tubes, a liquid guide tube is arranged at the junction of the aerobic zone and the anaerobic zone, a plurality of water holes are formed in the tube bodies of the liquid guide tube and face the aerobic zone, one end of the liquid guide tube extends out of the reactor body, and the bearing layer is filled with sand; the thickness of the sponge arranged on the water distribution layer is 20-40mm, and the sponge quality index per square inch is 35-50; three air guide pipes are arranged in the aerobic zone from top to bottom, the air guide pipes are arranged along the horizontal direction and staggered in pairs at an angle of 60 degrees, one of the air guide pipes in the middle extends out of the outer wall of the reactor to be connected with an external air source, and the three air guide pipes are connected with each other through a vertically arranged air guide pipe;

the mineralized filler is urban domestic garbage buried for 4-10 years, wherein the water content is 25% -40%, the ash content is 50-65%, the pH value is 7.7-8.1, the organic matter content is 7% -12%, the cation exchange capacity is 10-25mmol/100g, the porosity is 30-45%, the particle size is 0.5-2mm, and the surface of the mineralized filler is rich in functional groups: hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino, and the abundance of the microorganisms is higher than 7 percent: sphingomonas, thermomomonas, hydrophaga.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the external gas source comprises a gas pump and a rotameter, and the gas pump is connected to the gas-guide tube through the rotameter.

3. The device for the integrated denitrification of the microbial community based on the mineralized filler according to claim 1, further comprising an aerobic zone filler sampling port, wherein the aerobic zone filler sampling port is arranged on the outer wall of the reactor and is positioned right opposite to the joint of the gas guide pipe and an external gas source.

4. The device for the integrated denitrification of the high-efficiency microbial community based on the mineralized filler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main body of the reactor filler is divided into an upper half aerobic zone and a lower half anaerobic zone, and the height ratio of the upper half aerobic zone to the lower half anaerobic zone is (1.2-1.5): 1.

5. the device for the integrated denitrification of the microbial community based on the mineralized filler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid guide pipe is intersected with the central axis of the reactor, and forms an included angle of 10-30 degrees with the horizontal plane, and a filter screen is wrapped at the position of the water hole.

6. The device for the integrated denitrification of the microorganism flora based on the mineralized filler as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting layer at the lower part of the reactor is filled with quartz sand with the particle size of 4-8mm and the thickness of 60-100 mm.

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