CN107096252A - The method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled - Google Patents
The method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled Download PDFInfo
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- CN107096252A CN107096252A CN201710307325.8A CN201710307325A CN107096252A CN 107096252 A CN107096252 A CN 107096252A CN 201710307325 A CN201710307325 A CN 201710307325A CN 107096252 A CN107096252 A CN 107096252A
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- overhead reflux
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
- B01D3/4211—Regulation; Control of columns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled.The actual operation parameters such as rectifying column top return temperature Te, tower top pressure P, overhead reflux liquid composition X are gathered, it is determined that with reference to the overhead reflux amount Re under operating mode and overhead reflux liquid temperature Td.Then, calculated according to the parameter gathered and obtain phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp.Meanwhile, according to principles of rectification, the capacity of returns Re ' for ensureing tower top disintegrate-quality under different phegma temperature Te is calculated, binding isotherm derives founding mathematical models.Finally, the configuration mathematical modeling on Distributed Control System DCS backstages, realizes the function that control backflow volume Re ' is calculated by mathematical modeling.The present invention is by optimizing the control that rectifying column cold is inputted, according to reflux temperature Te change adjust automatically overhead reflux liquid measure Re ', reaches stable tower top product quality, energy-saving effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled.
Background technology
Rectifying column energy consumption accounting in chemical plant installations is larger, particularly with rectifying column of the high-grade steam as thermal source, energy
Consumption can even account for more than the 50% of whole process or device, therefore the energy hole of optimization rectifying column is significant.
Current most of rectifying column tower tops use capacity of returns Set-value adjustment, phegma temperature because influenced by ambient temperature,
Excursion is small then 3~7 DEG C, at most 20~80 DEG C.It can be seen from operating experience or theory analysis, when capacity of returns keeps certain
When, reflux temperature change, then backflow stream stock carry energy will change, rectifying column tower top substantially when ascending vapor and return
The Mas s balance and energy conservation process of flow liquid phase, when liquid phase carry energy change, the gas-liquid separation effect of tower top tower tray
It will change, reflux temperature is high, it is meant that backflow cold is small, it will be appreciated that small, the separation effect that compares design conditions for finite reflux
Really bad, product quality does not reach production requirement；Reflux temperature is low, it is meant that backflow cold is big, it will be appreciated that be finite reflux ratio
Bigger than design conditions, more preferably, gas phase is by cold more for the separating effect of light component, it is meant that yield will decline, meanwhile, tower reactor heat
Power also by increase with reach high score from demand, i.e. product unit consumption will increase.So, to ensure that energy consumption is relatively low and meets simultaneously
Product quality requirement, when top products quality carries out bounder control, the change of phegma temperature will cause product quality to fluctuate,
Likely result in product quality unqualified.Using traditional backflow Set-value adjustment the external disturbance into tower top can not be made to reduce to most
It is small.
In addition, some rectifying columns can adjust the scheme of capacity of returns using return tank liquid level tandem, the program can guarantee that backflow
Tank level stability, but during ambient temperature change, the energy that reflux stream is carried can equally change, and influence the gas-liquid of rectifying column
Balance；Or some towers adjust the scheme of capacity of returns using sensitive plate temperature cascade, on the one hand, sensitive plate temperature-responsive may be deposited
Unobvious compared with large time delay, or temperature gradient distribution, for automatic control angle, i.e. the pure delay time of controlled variable it is long or
Gain of person's manipulating variable to controlled variable is too small, is all difficult to be adjusted by conventional pid loop, on the other hand, backflow
After temperature change, the change of temperature will gradually pass to sensitive plate in tower, can just go to adjust capacity of returns after sensitive plate response change,
Inevitable process lag is equally existed, and it is to adjust capacity of returns in advance before tower is entered to use capacity of returns Self Adaptive Control,
Similar to the thinking of feedforward control, control more timely and effective；Or some towers are by the way of liquid measure under control first layer tower tray
Return valve is adjusted, liquid measure is more difficult under the tower tray in this control mode under different operating modes determines, operating personnel can not root
The setting value of liquid measure under tower tray is more reasonably given according to working conditions change, unsuitable operating personnel are controlled.
It is control effectively accordingly, it is considered to decline liquid measure to tower tray in tower using capacity of returns automatic adjusument scheme, the party
The more traditional backflow Set-value adjustment scheme of case, which has, reduces tower reactor steam, level fluctuation, reduces operating personnel's live load and steady
The advantage of fixed output quota quality.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to stablize the cold of rectifying column top return, realize that rectifying column tower top is returned by mathematical modeling
Adaptive-flow is adjusted, and the phegma temperature for being mainly used in avoiding water cooler recirculated water or air cooler air temperature variations from causing becomes
Change the influence produced to rectifying column tower top product quality and tower reactor steam consumption, simultaneously as capacity of returns is automatically adjusted, device is certainly
Control rate is improved, and reduces manipulation strength.
According to the present invention there is provided a kind of method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled, this method comprises the following steps：
1) data acquisition：It is determined that the reference operating mode of rectifying column separation requirement is met, it is determined that reference corresponding with reference operating mode
Overhead reflux amount Re and with reference to overhead reflux liquid temperature Td under operating mode under operating mode；Collection includes the actual measurement phegma of rectifying column tower top
Temperature Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid constitute the parameter including X；
2) simulation is calculated：With including actual measurement phegma temperature Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X
Parameter based on, using chemical process simulation software Aspen calculate obtain phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance
Cp；
3) model is set up：Below equation (1) is set up as mathematical modeling：
The finite reflux amount of Re '=needs control；
Re=refers to overhead reflux amount under operating mode；
Hv=overhead reflux liquid heats of vaporization；
Cp=overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitances；
Td=refers to overhead reflux liquid temperature under operating mode；
Te=surveys phegma temperature；
4) the finite reflux amount Re ' for needing to control is calculated by the mathematical modeling on DCS.
Preferably, step 4) it is carried out as follows：
First, the calculation block of DCS backstages configuration formula (1), calculation block is inputted and by operating by Hv, Cp and Td
Member write parameters Re on DCS pictures numerical value, then inputs calculation block by the Te measured in real time by online thermometer
To be calculated, so as to determine Re ' value by calculating.
In the above-mentioned methods, it is preferable that Re ' is the setting value of a flow control circuit on DCS, so as to realize capacity of returns
Automatically control.
Typically, in step 1) in, determined to meet the ginseng of rectifying column separation requirement according to design document and actual operating data
Operating mode is examined, it is determined that gathering rectifying column with reference to operating mode corresponding overhead reflux amount Re and overhead reflux liquid temperature Td, and using instrument
The parameter such as overhead reflux liquid temperature Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X.
Typically, in step 3) in, based on rectifying column principle, set up by theory deduction when meeting separation requirement, it is necessary to control
Mathematical relationship between the finite reflux amount Re ' and finite reflux liquid temperature degree Te of system.
In general, step 4) be：
4) DCS configurations：The calculation block of DCS backstages configuration formula (1), the Te of entered function block is needed by online temperature
The measurement in real time of degree meter, Hv, Cp, Td are that the parameter determined is calculated according to design document and simulation, and Re is operator on DCS pictures
The parameter of writeable value, calculation block determines Re ' value by calculating；Re ' is the setting of a flow control circuit on DCS
Value, to realize automatically controlling for capacity of returns.
In simple terms, the present invention provides a kind of method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled, and this method includes following step
Suddenly：It is determined that the reference operating mode of rectifying column separation requirement is met, it is determined that with reference to the corresponding overhead reflux amount Re of operating mode and overhead reflux
Liquid temperature degree Td, and rectifying column top return liquid temperature degree Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X parameter are gathered using instrument,
Data based on collection calculate phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp using chemical-process software Aspen, then
The mathematical modeling for maintaining the timing of tower top cold one, phegma temperature Te and capacity of returns Re ' is set up, and passes through on DCS the mathematics
Model calculates control backflow volume Re '.
Further, determined to meet the reference operating mode of rectifying column separation requirement according to design document and actual operating data；
Further, based on rectifying column principle, set up by theory deduction when meeting separation requirement, it is necessary to the reality of control
Mathematical relationship between capacity of returns Re ' and finite reflux liquid temperature degree Te is as follows：
In formula, the finite reflux amount of Re '=needs control；
Re=refers to overhead reflux amount under operating mode；
Hv=overhead reflux liquid heats of vaporization；
Cp=overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitances；
Td=refers to overhead reflux liquid temperature under operating mode；
Te=surveys phegma temperature.
The present invention compares more existing control, there is following advantage：(1) when overhead condenser is circulating water, recirculated water is worked as
When temperature change causes backflow temperature of charge change, it is not required to manually adjust capacity of returns；(2) when overhead condenser is that air is cooled down,
When temperature control or circular temperature loads cause backflow temperature of charge change, it is not required to manually adjust capacity of returns；(3)
Because external environment causes reflux temperature change to be compensated, enter tower cold temperature, product quality stability and steam are made
With producing favorable influence.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is reflux temperature Te and Re '/Re graph of relation, shows that different reflux temperature Te calculate adjustment automatically
Re’。
Fig. 2 is a kind of control schematic diagram of rectifying column tower top cold autocontrol method of the present invention, and wherein f (x) is hair
Mathematical modeling described in bright content.
Wherein, S40 is the kg of vapor of reboiler thermal source 40, FC (FIC-01001, FIC-01002, FIC-01003, FIC-
01004) it is flow controller (being respectively feed rate, steam flow, return flow and tower reactor extraction flow), E0101 is to change
Hot device, P0101 and P0102 are pump, and PC (PIC01001) is tower top pressure controller, and HC-01001 is input with reference to tower under operating mode
The writeable parameter module of capacity of returns is pushed up, LC (LIC-01001, LIC-01002) is fluid level controller, and TI (TI-01001) is backflow
Liquid temperature sensor.
The product of rectifying is needed to enter XX products tower (rectifying column) by FIC-01001 controls, overhead product is via pump P0101
Part backflow a, part is seen off as separation product, and tower kettle product is conveyed via pump P0102.
Embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, the invention will be further described.
(1) determined to meet the reference operating mode of rectifying column separation requirement according to design document and actual operating data, it is determined that ginseng
Operating mode corresponding overhead reflux amount Re and overhead reflux liquid temperature Td are examined, and rectifying column top return liquid temperature degree is gathered using instrument
Te (TI-01001.PV), tower top pressure P (PIC-01001.PV) and overhead reflux liquid composition X parameter；
(2) chemical industry is utilized based on rectifying column top return liquid temperature degree Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X parameter
Process simulation software Aspen calculates phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp；
(3) DCS backstages increase by 3 variables, and variable name is set to overhead reflux liquid heat of gasification Hv, overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance
Cp and reference operating mode overhead reflux liquid temperature Td, and corresponding parameter value is determined according to (1) (2), only backstage is visible, and operator is not
It is writeable；
(4) on rectifying column top return liquid design temperature sensor, and teletransmission to DCS pictures, such as TI-01001, and
Increase parameter Te on DCS backstages, its signal quotes TI-01001 measured value；
(5) DCS backstages increase the parameter Re for being available for operator to write value, and reference data links HC- on DCS pictures
01001；
(6) DCS backstages increase computing module, the input of computing module is Te, Td, Hv, Cp, Re, calculating formula such as formula
(1), computing module is output as Re '
(7) DCS backstages increase FIC-01003 flow-control modules, and in the link of DCS pictures reference data, the loop is set
Meter is manual, automatic and three kinds of control models of tandem, and under tandem pattern, loop settings value quotes Re '.
(8) after solution Config, it is necessary to adjusted to DCS relevant parameters such as pid parameter, then come into operation.
Embodiment 1
Certain chemical plant product tower is used for the separation of product and heavy constituent, and tower reactor uses S40 as thermal source, because by environment temperature
Degree influence, condensation cycle coolant-temperature gage in Dong Xia and round the clock between change greatly, excursion is generally at 25~31 DEG C so that product tower
Overhead reflux temperature is fluctuated in the range of 25~34 DEG C, and reflux ratio is larger, and tower reactor steam consumption is in 3.6t/h.Therefore, according to
The method that this patent rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled is designed and implemented, it is determined that being that reflux temperature Td is 34 with reference to operating mode
DEG C, capacity of returns Re is 5.5t/h, and rectifying column top return liquid temperature degree Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid are gathered using instrument
X parameter is constituted, and determines that phegma heat of vaporization Hv is 467.8kJ/kg and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp by Aspen flowsheetings
For 2.4kJ/kg. DEG C, change after reflux temperature Te, capacity of returns Re ' is according to configuration computing function (formula (1) ) realize that flow is adjusted automatically, as shown in Figure 1.
The product tower is implemented after the method that this patent rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled, without people when reflux temperature changes
Work operates capacity of returns, and operating frequency reduces by 5 times/class, and overhead product quality realizes that edge is operated, and the overhead product rate of recovery is improved
0.1%, 1.5 DEG C of tower sensitive plate fluctuation reduction, tower reactor level fluctuation reduction by 5%, tower reactor steam energy consumption reduction 0.1t/h, economy effect
Beneficial about 11.2 ten thousand yuan/year.
Embodiment 2
Certain chemical plant treating column is used for the separation of product and impurity, and tower reactor is using S15 as thermal source, and the column overhead is used
Air cooler is condensed, because northern Changes in weather is big, causes phegma temperature change interval from 20 DEG C to 80 DEG C, it is meant that actual to return
Flow cold change greatly, bring the operational ton of up to 26 times/class, tower reactor steam consumption is average in 15t/h.Therefore, according to this patent
The method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled is designed and implemented, it is determined that being that reflux temperature Td is 59 DEG C with reference to operating mode, returns
Flow Re is 13t/h, and rectifying column top return liquid temperature degree Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X ginsengs are gathered using instrument
Number, and determine that phegma heat of vaporization Hv is 1330.68kJ/kg and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp is by Aspen flowsheetings
3.8kJ/kg. DEG C, come into operation and automatically controlled (according to (formula (1) after the configuration mathematical modeling of DCS backstages ), implement to carry out a data analysis in：Effectively reduction operation time/month of the frequency 1800, tower pressure fluctuation compared with
Few 0.3kpa, whole tower temperature fluctuation reduces by 2.3 DEG C, overhead product quality fluctuation reduction by 0.3%, tower reactor energy consumption reduce by 780,000 yuan/
Year.
Embodiment 3
Certain chemical plant lightness-removing column is used for the separation of product and light component, and tower reactor is using S10 as thermal source, and the column overhead makes
With air cooler and recirculated water B-grade condensation, because circulation water and air has day and night temperature, with Changes in weather, cause the liquid temperature that flows back
Constant interval is spent from 30 DEG C to 78 DEG C, it is meant that finite reflux cold changes greatly, brings the operational ton of up to 32 times/class, tower reactor
Steam consumption is average in 8t/h.Therefore, the method automatically controlled according to this patent rectifying column tower top cold is designed and implemented,
It is determined that being that reflux temperature Td is 65 DEG C with reference to operating mode, capacity of returns Re is 10t/h, and rectifying column top return liquid temperature is gathered using instrument
Te, tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X parameter are spent, and determines that phegma heat of vaporization Hv is by Aspen flowsheetings
960.28kJ/kg and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp is 2.1kJ/kg. DEG C, and come into operation automatic control after the configuration mathematical modeling of DCS backstages
System is (according to (formula (1)), implement half a year progress data analysis：Effectively reduction operates frequency
Secondary 2300 time/month, the tower pressure less 0.6kpa of fluctuation, whole tower temperature fluctuation reduces by 2 DEG C, and overhead product quality fluctuation reduces by 0.4%,
Tower reactor energy consumption reduces by 590,000 yuan/year.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that rectifying column tower top cold is automatically controlled, this method comprises the following steps：
1) data acquisition：It is determined that the reference operating mode of rectifying column separation requirement is met, it is determined that reference operating mode corresponding with reference operating mode
Lower overhead reflux amount Re and with reference to overhead reflux liquid temperature Td under operating mode；Collection includes the actual measurement phegma temperature of rectifying column tower top
Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid constitute the parameter including X；
2) simulation is calculated：With the ginseng including actual measurement phegma temperature Te, actual measurement tower top pressure P and overhead reflux liquid composition X
Based on number, calculated using chemical process simulation software Aspen and obtain phegma heat of vaporization Hv and overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitance Cp；
3) model is set up：Below equation (1) is set up as mathematical modeling：
The finite reflux amount of Re '=needs control；
Re=refers to overhead reflux amount under operating mode；
Hv=overhead reflux liquid heats of vaporization；
Cp=overhead reflux liquid thermal capacitances；
Td=refers to overhead reflux liquid temperature under operating mode；
Te=surveys phegma temperature；
4) the finite reflux amount Re ' for needing to control is calculated by the mathematical modeling on DCS.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein step 4) it is carried out as follows：
First, the calculation block of DCS backstages configuration formula (1), inputs calculation block by Hv, Cp and Td and is existed by operator
Write parameters Re numerical value on DCS pictures, the Te measured in real time by online thermometer then inputted calculation block to enter
Row is calculated, so as to determine Re ' value by calculating.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Re ' they are the setting value of a flow control circuit on DCS, from
And realize automatically controlling for capacity of returns.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109603186A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 北京世纪隆博科技有限责任公司 | A kind of rectifying tower top temperature and return tank liquid level decoupling control method |
| CN109992887A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-09 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of disturbance rejection control method and system of binary destilling tower |
| CN110075559A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-02 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | A kind of control method and system of the adaptive steam pressure fluctuation of rectifying column |
| CN111701269A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-25 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Flow pressure control method, storage medium, and electronic device |
| CN112445247A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-03-05 | 浙江中控软件技术有限公司 | PX oxidation reaction water concentration control method |
| CN114307219A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-04-12 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for rectifying and adjusting propylene rectifying tower and computer readable storage medium |
| CN114460848A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-10 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for controlling sensitive plate of rectifying tower and computer readable storage medium |
| CN114470845A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-13 | 山西潞安煤基清洁能源有限责任公司 | Rectifying tower top reflux temperature adjusting system and process |
| CN114970375A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-08-30 | 山东飞扬化工有限公司 | Rectification process monitoring method based on real-time sampling data |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109603186A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 北京世纪隆博科技有限责任公司 | A kind of rectifying tower top temperature and return tank liquid level decoupling control method |
| CN109992887A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-09 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of disturbance rejection control method and system of binary destilling tower |
| CN110075559A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-02 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | A kind of control method and system of the adaptive steam pressure fluctuation of rectifying column |
| CN110075559B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-07-23 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Control method and system for self-adaptive steam pressure fluctuation of rectifying tower |
| CN111701269A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-25 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Flow pressure control method, storage medium, and electronic device |
| CN112445247A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-03-05 | 浙江中控软件技术有限公司 | PX oxidation reaction water concentration control method |
| CN114470845A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-13 | 山西潞安煤基清洁能源有限责任公司 | Rectifying tower top reflux temperature adjusting system and process |
| CN114460848A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-05-10 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for controlling sensitive plate of rectifying tower and computer readable storage medium |
| CN114307219A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-04-12 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for rectifying and adjusting propylene rectifying tower and computer readable storage medium |
| CN114307219B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-03-17 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for rectifying and adjusting propylene rectifying tower and computer readable storage medium |
| CN115113525A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-27 | 江苏师范大学 | Binary rectifying tower load interference suppression method and system |
| CN114970375A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-08-30 | 山东飞扬化工有限公司 | Rectification process monitoring method based on real-time sampling data |
| CN114970375B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-04 | 山东飞扬化工有限公司 | Rectification process monitoring method based on real-time sampling data |
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