CN107092243B

CN107092243B - Power supply control intelligent safety monitoring system based on Internet of things

Info

Publication number: CN107092243B
Application number: CN201710309367.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王春红; 王晓黎; 李洛峰; 储中明
Original assignee: Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of High Energy Physics of CAS
Priority date: 2017-05-04
Filing date: 2017-05-04
Publication date: 2020-03-10
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-04
Also published as: CN107092243A

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent power control safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which is used for a supervision platform in the monitoring field of industrial or accelerator power control, divides all elements in the safety monitoring field of industrial or accelerator power control into four types of elements of human, equipment, environment and management, integrates the four types of elements into a unified whole through the Internet of things system, realizes the mutual communication between objects in the safety monitoring field and between human and objects, and further realizes the functions of emergency command, data acquisition, tracking and positioning, statistical analysis, intelligent management, mobile terminal application and the like in the safety monitoring field.

Description

Power supply control intelligent safety monitoring system based on Internet of things

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of safety monitoring, in particular to a power supply control intelligent safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things.

Background

A typical modern accelerator is a complex accelerator device consisting of a number of subsystems and a number of components such as magnets, power supplies, high frequency vacuum equipment, etc. The components and equipment and cables are widely distributed and arranged at a distance from each other. These components can generate tens of thousands of data during accelerator design, construction, and debugging, and the collection, storage, and management of such a large amount of data and information is particularly important for a large accelerator system. The magnet is used as a power supply load to provide a magnetic field for the particles to run in the vacuum pipeline, so that the magnet is connected with a power supply through a long-distance cable during installation in a tunnel. And an operator carries out the operations of switching on and off and lifting current on each magnet power supply in the central control room through the man-machine interface device and the control system. The control system is connected with the power supply through the controller and the interface equipment by a connecting cable to realize the on-off and lifting current operation of the power supply.

At present, most of accelerator control at home and abroad is distributed control based on Ethernet. Mainly resides in the control and monitoring of accelerator devices (magnet power, high frequency, vacuum, etc.). The intelligent monitoring of massive data generated in the design, construction, installation, debugging and operation of the accelerator is not realized. With the development of particle accelerators in China, the problem becomes more and more important with the increasing size of accelerator devices, a good information management system for each part of the accelerator is provided, and the static parameters and the dynamic parameters of the good information management system are managed, so that the problem is particularly important for a large accelerator system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an intelligent power control safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which is used for overcoming at least one problem in the prior art.

The invention provides an intelligent power control safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things, which comprises: power control system, thing networking interface layer, IOT application server, intelligent monitoring application layer, node router and RFID receive and send the terminator, wherein:

the power control system comprises a case, a cabinet, power controllers and power control interfaces, wherein the power controllers are arranged in the case, the case is arranged in the cabinet, each power control interface is correspondingly arranged at one power supply and is directly connected with the power supply through a cable, and a plurality of power control interfaces are connected with one power controller through optical fibers;

an RFID electronic tag is arranged between each power supply control interface and the corresponding power supply controller, each power supply controller is connected with a front-end control computer, and the front-end control computer is connected with the IOT application server through the Internet of things interface layer and sends state information of the power supply controllers to the IOT application server;

the IOT application server is connected with an application program of the user terminal through an intelligent monitoring application layer, the intelligent monitoring application layer compares various parameters in the state information of each power supply controller with corresponding set range values to determine whether the power supply controller fails or not, and pushes the failed power supply controller and the corresponding RFID electronic tag to the user terminal;

the node router, the RFID receiving and sending terminal device and the IOT application server form an Internet of things network through a network protocol, when maintenance personnel hold a user terminal with a function of reading the RFID electronic tags to join the Internet of things network, the RFID electronic tags are positioned according to the received information of the RFID electronic tags corresponding to the fault power controller, and the fault power controller is positioned.

Preferably, the front-end control computer and the IOT application server adopt a TCP/IP protocol and a socket interface for communication, data is sent in batches, and 1 data file is sent in each batch; the data file is preferably in a text file format; each data file includes a single or multiple data records.

Preferably, the 1 st record of the data file should be a data header, and the data header is composed of a database (or folder) name and a data table (or data file) name.

Preferably, there is a "use between database (or folder) name and data table (database file) name"; "separate. The data header ends with "|". the database (or folder) name is represented by 2 letters: KJ denotes coal mine monitoring and the data sheet (or data file) name is indicated by 4 letters. Ending each data recording with "" to ""; fields in each data record are used "; "separate. Each batch of data ends with a "|".

Preferably, the database of the IOT application server includes at least one of the following security monitoring information: AQMT-safety monitoring, analog quantity statistics; AQBJ-safety monitoring, analog quantity and switching value, etc. alarm, power failure, abnormal feed and abnormal system work; AQKD-safety monitoring, switching value action; AQMC-safety monitoring, and analog quantity initialization; AQKC-safety monitoring, switch quantity initialization, the central station should automatically transmit the information of analog quantity feed abnormality, analog quantity power-off, analog quantity alarm, analog quantity statistic value, switch quantity feed abnormality, switch quantity alarm (power-off), switch quantity action, system work abnormality, initialization and the like to the monitoring center.

Preferably, the analog quantity statistic value is uploaded at least 1 time every set time, and the contents comprise: power supply, time (year-month-day/hour: minutes: seconds), monitoring place, measured name, average value, maximum value time, minimum value time.

Preferably, the analog quantity and the switching value are reported, cut off and fed state changes are uploaded immediately, and the contents comprise: power supply, time (year-month-day/hour: minute: second), category (analog quantity, switching quantity, working state, processing measure, etc.), monitoring place, measured name, state (alarm, alarm release, power failure, power restoration, abnormal power feed, normal power feed, abnormal work, normal work, power failure and person withdrawal, etc.), and the length of the Chinese characters is not more than 10.

Preferably, the state change of the switching value may not be uploaded, and if the state change of the switching value is uploaded, the content includes: power supply, state change time (year-month-day/hour: minute: second), monitoring place, measured name, and state (on/off).

Preferably, the analog initialization parameter change is uploaded immediately, and the contents include: power supply, initialization, generation time (year-month-day/hour: minutes: seconds), monitoring place, measured name, unit, alarm value, power-off value, power-on value and power-off area.

Preferably, the switching value initialization parameter change is uploaded immediately, and the content includes: power supply, initialization, generation time (year-month-day/hour: minutes: seconds), monitoring place, measured name, alarm (power off) state, power off area.

Preferably, after the monitoring center correctly receives the uploaded data of the central station, the confirmation information should be fed back; the central station stops the data transmission only after receiving the confirmation information of the monitoring center, otherwise, the data transmission is repeated; if the monitoring center does not receive the statistic value of the analog quantity of the central station every second set time within the first set time, actively requesting to send to the central station, if no response is given for 3 times continuously, determining a communication fault, sending an alarm signal and storing a record; when the communication is recovered to normal, the central station can make up the analog quantity statistical value, alarm, power failure, feed state change, analog quantity initialization parameter change and switching quantity initialization parameter change during the communication interruption period under the condition of not influencing normal data transmission.

Preferably, the user terminal comprises a PC and/or a smart mobile terminal.

Preferably, the alarm comprises at least one of:

alarm switch, alarm shielding, alarm filtering, acousto-optic-electric alarm, alarm short message and alarm mail.

Preferably, according to the layout of the power local station control equipment, the cabinets, the control cabinets, the power controllers PSC and the power control interfaces PSI and the distribution of the optical cables among the cabinets, the control cabinets, the power controllers PSC and the power control interfaces PSI and the optical cables are visualized, a query page of the cabinets is displayed on one side, a visualization diagram of the cabinets, PSCs and the cabinets where the optical cables are located is arranged in the middle, the name of the power supply in each VME cabinet, the number of the related cabinet, the number of the power control interfaces PSI and the number of the power controllers PSC and the communication state of the connected optical cables are displayed on the other side, wherein the PSC is represented to be normal by a first color, the PSC is represented to be.

Preferably, the system detects system abnormal events in real time and intelligently warns in time. When an abnormal event occurs, the running data and audio-video information under the emergency condition are recorded, and accident data can be reproduced, so that the accident analysis is facilitated. In addition, the system can provide early warning feedback information for possible abnormal events.

Preferably, the system adopts a distributed real-time database to realize mass data access in a distributed environment. The data is stored in MySQL database, the state of the power control system includes on/off, local/remote control, normal/alarm are sent to IOT server directly through IOT data interface.

Preferably, the system also comprises a GARDS data processing center which is arranged at a plurality of places and is used for processing and analyzing the data; and finally, the functions of equipment management, maintenance work order management, remote fault diagnosis and big data analysis are realized through application systems such as a PC/APP/large screen.

The intelligent monitoring system comprises a power supply control system, an Internet of things interface layer, an Internet of things application server and an intelligent monitoring application layer, and maintenance personnel and control equipment comprising a control cabinet, a power supply controller PSC, a power supply control interface PSI and optical cables among the control cabinet, the power supply controller PSC and the power supply control interface PSI are connected seamlessly. The data of the control devices are stored in a MySQL database, and the states of the power control system comprise on/off, local/remote control and normal/alarm are directly sent to an IOT server through an IOT data interface. The IOT server is responsible for monitoring the state of the control equipment and comprises a control cabinet, a power controller PSC, a power control interface PSI and optical cables among the control cabinet, the power controller PSC and the power control interface PSI. When a certain device of the power control system breaks down, the IOT server is responsible for informing maintenance personnel to carry out field maintenance. When a maintenance person arrives at a power supply control local station, the maintenance person firstly scans the two-dimensional code of the IOT application APP to input a user name and a password, and then starts to maintain the fault after the user name and the password are authenticated and logged in as shown in FIG. 5. And automatically positioning which equipment comprises the related PSC/PSI and the fault of the controlled power supply according to the alarm information of the control equipment, and then carrying out related maintenance. When the maintenance is finished, maintenance personnel are responsible for writing maintenance records and pushing information to the IOT server. In addition, the maintenance personnel can detect the running states of the control equipment and the power supply at any time through the IOT application APP.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a BEPCII magnet power control system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of a large power local station according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a low power local station layout of one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a system functional structure of an application of the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a software system screenshot of an Internet of things application of one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a visual screenshot of a power local station control device of one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a screenshot illustrating a power cabinet and a control interface PSI according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

The invention provides an intelligent safety monitoring system based on power control of the Internet of things. The intelligent safety monitoring system for power supply control of Internet of things is a monitoring platform specially used in the monitoring field of power supply control of industry or accelerators. The intelligent safety monitoring system for power supply control of the Internet of things divides all elements in the safety monitoring field of industrial or accelerator power supply control into four types of elements of 'people, equipment, environment and management', and integrates the four types of element systems into a unified whole through the Internet of things system, so that the four types of element systems are communicated with each other between people and objects in the safety monitoring field, and therefore the functions of emergency command, data acquisition, tracking and positioning, statistical analysis, intelligent management, mobile terminal application and the like in the safety monitoring field are achieved.

The system mainly comprises three parts: the adapter is connected with the power supply controller, and is used for collecting equipment data and realizing remote monitoring and intelligent control; GARDS data processing centers deployed at multiple places process and analyze data; and finally, the functions of equipment management, maintenance work order management, remote fault diagnosis, big data analysis and the like are realized through application systems such as a PC/APP/large screen and the like. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system design is completed, the defects of hysteresis, unidirectionality and the like of the traditional monitoring equipment are effectively overcome, the advantage of popularization of a mobile phone network is fully utilized, the requirement of the high-speed development of the Internet of things is met to a certain extent, the design is simple, and the function is practical.

The present invention relates to a security monitoring system, and more particularly to the study of the performance and algorithms of such a system.

Preferably, the method for obtaining security monitoring system networking communication between ① central station (or master station) and the monitoring center is implemented by adopting TCP/IP protocol and Socket interface, ② data is sent in batches, 1 data file is sent in each batch, ③ data file is in text file (TXT) format, each file comprises single or multiple data records, 1 record of ④ data file is data head, the data head is composed of database (or folder) name and data table (or data file) name, the database (or folder) name and the data table (database file) name are marked with ";" separation "|" end. the database (or folder) name is marked with 2 letters; KJ is marked for monitoring, the data table (or data file) name is marked with 4 letters; ⑤ each data record is marked with "; ⑥ each field is marked with"; each batch of data is marked with "; ⑦" | "ends.

The name of the safety monitoring information data table is ① AQMT-safety monitoring and analog quantity statistical value, ② AQBJ-safety monitoring, analog quantity and switching value and the like alarming, power failure, abnormal feed and abnormal system work, ③ AQKD-safety monitoring and switching value action, ④ AQMC-safety monitoring and switching value operation

⑤ AQKC-safety monitoring, switch quantity initialization, the central station should automatically transmit the information of analog quantity feed abnormality, analog quantity power-off, analog quantity alarm, analog quantity statistic value, switch quantity feed abnormality, switch quantity alarm (power-off), switch quantity action, system work abnormality, initialization and the like to the monitoring center, which concretely comprises:

(1) uploading the analog quantity statistical value for at least 1 time every 5min, wherein the contents comprise: power supply, time (year-month-day/hour: minutes: seconds), monitoring place, measured name, average value, maximum value time, minimum value time, etc.;

(2) analog quantity, switching value and other alarm, power-off and feed state changes are immediately uploaded, and the contents comprise: power supply, time (year-month-day/hour: minute: second), category (analog quantity, switching quantity, working state, processing measure, etc.), monitoring place, measured name, state (alarm, alarm release, power failure, power restoration, abnormal power feeding, normal power feeding, abnormal working, normal working, power failure and people withdrawal, etc.; length of no more than 10 Chinese characters), etc.;

(3) the state change of the switching value can not be uploaded, and if the state change of the switching value is uploaded, the content comprises: power supply, state change time (year-month-day/hour: minute: second), monitoring place, measured name, state (on/off), etc.;

(4) the analog quantity initialization parameter change is immediately uploaded, and the contents comprise: power supply, initialization, generation time (year-month-day/hour: minutes: seconds), monitoring place, measured name, unit, alarm value, power-off value, power-on value, power-off area and the like;

(5) the switching value initialization parameter change is immediately uploaded, and the content comprises the following steps: power supply, initialization, generation time (year-month-day/hour: minutes: seconds), monitoring place, measured name, alarm (power-off) state, power-off area, etc.;

after the monitoring center correctly receives the uploaded data of the central station, acknowledgement information should be fed back; the monitoring center does not receive the analog quantity statistical value of the central station every 5min within 10min, then actively requests the central station to transmit, if no response is given for 3 times continuously, the communication fault is determined, an alarm signal is sent out and stored and recorded, when the communication is recovered to be normal, the central station can make up transmission of the analog quantity statistical value, the alarm, the power failure, the feed state change, the analog quantity initialization parameter change and the switching value initialization parameter change during the communication interruption period under the condition of not influencing the normal data transmission.

The following is described in detail in connection with an accelerator power control monitoring embodiment.

A typical modern accelerator is a complex accelerator device consisting of a number of subsystems and a number of components such as magnets, power supplies, high frequency vacuum equipment, etc. The components and equipment and cables are widely distributed and arranged at a distance from each other. These components can generate tens of thousands of data during accelerator design, construction, and debugging, and the collection, storage, and management of such a large amount of data and information is particularly important for a large accelerator system. The magnet is used as a power supply load to provide a magnetic field for the particles to run in the vacuum pipeline, so that the magnet is connected with a power supply through a long-distance cable during installation in a tunnel. And an operator carries out the operations of switching on and off and lifting current on each magnet power supply in the central control room through the man-machine interface device and the control system. The control system is connected with the power supply through the controller and the interface equipment by a connecting cable to realize the on-off and lifting current operation of the power supply. At present, most of accelerator control at home and abroad is distributed control based on Ethernet. Mainly resides in the control and monitoring of accelerator devices (magnet power, high frequency, vacuum, etc.). The intelligent monitoring of massive data generated in the design, construction, installation, debugging and operation of the accelerator is not realized. With the development of particle accelerators in China, the problem becomes more and more important with the increasing size of accelerator devices, a good information management system for each part of the accelerator is provided, and the static parameters and the dynamic parameters of the good information management system are managed, so that the problem is particularly important for a large accelerator system.

With the coming of the age of the internet of things, the problems can be well solved. The project aims to adopt the technology of the Internet of things, introduce the concepts of object connection and person connection, adopt the RFID technology to construct a universal information platform for interconnection and intercommunication of accelerator elements, equipment and the like, automatically track and position the information of the accelerator elements, the equipment, cables, assembly, maintenance and the like through monitored signals, and open up an intelligent information channel for the design, construction, installation, debugging and operation of future accelerators. Therefore, the project has very important research significance and very wide application prospect.

Taking a magnet power control system of a Beijing positive and negative electronic collider (BEPCII) as an example, the technology of the Internet of things is applied to the existing power control. The magnet power supply control system has various equipment, various types and thousands of cables and optical cables, is difficult to maintain, even if the equipment is made by self, a label is made, and the label can be forgotten for a long time, so that the information electronization and automatic identification of all the equipment (a cabinet, a case, a plug-in, a cable and the like) are very important, the intellectualization of the control system is greatly improved, and the equipment is convenient for operators to maintain, locate faults, automatically record and maintain and generate electronic maintenance logs. The existing magnet power supply of the Beijing positive and negative electronic collider has about 400 pieces, all power supplies are controlled by a power supply controller and an interface PSC/PSI (power supply controller/power supply interface), as shown in figure 1, the power supply controller PSC is installed in a VME case, and the control interface PSI is installed in the power supply. PSCs and PSIs are connected by optical fibers, and 6 PSIs can be controlled by 1 PSC.

As shown in fig. 1, the VME control computer MVME5100 runs the real-time operating system VxWorks, receives the running command and parameters of the central console through the ethernet, and outputs the valid value to the magnet power supply through the PSC/PSI after confirming the validity of the command parameters, and the illegal operation is refused to be executed. Meanwhile, the front-end control computer MVME5100 is responsible for sending field measurement data and running states to the central console and implementing interlocking protection on alarm signals.

The magnet power control system of the Beijing positive and negative electronic collider (BEPCII) is divided into 2 local control stations: a large power supply and a small power supply local station. The layout of the large power local station is shown in fig. 2, and the large power local station consists of 5 VME machine cabinets with the height of 2 meters and 9 VME standard cabinets with the height of 9U. Several power supply controllers PSC of 6U VME standard sizes are inserted into each VME case, each PSC has 6 optical fiber interfaces to be connected with PSI installed in the power cabinet through optical fibers, 6 controllable PSI of PSC, and a PSI is connected with a power supply through two cables. All large power local stations can control about 200 large power sources.

The layout of the small power local station is shown in fig. 3, and the small power local station consists of 2 VME machine cabinets with the height of 2 meters and 3 VME standard machine cabinets with the height of 9U. Each VME machine case has inserted 8 power controller PSCs of 6U VME standard size, and every PSC has 6 fiber interface to pass through optic fibre and installs the PSI connection in the power cabinet, and controllable 6 PSI of a PSC, a PSI passes through a power of two cable connection. All small power local stations can control about 140 small power sources.

According to the layout of each power control local station, RFID electronic tags are arranged among a control cabinet, a power controller PSC and a power control interface, an Internet of things node router, a receiving and transmitting terminal and a building networking network are laid. The system function structure of the application of the internet of things is shown in fig. 4 and comprises a power supply control system, an interface layer of the internet of things, an application server of the internet of things and an intelligent monitoring application layer, and maintenance personnel and control equipment, including a control cabinet, a power supply controller PSC, a power supply control interface PSI and optical cables among the control cabinet, the power supply controller PSC and the power supply control interface PSI, are connected seamlessly. The data of the control devices are stored in a MySQL database, and the states of the power control system comprise on/off, local/remote control and normal/alarm are directly sent to an IOT server through an IOT data interface. The IOT server is responsible for monitoring the state of the control equipment and comprises a control cabinet, a power controller PSC, a power control interface PSI and optical cables among the control cabinet, the power controller PSC and the power control interface PSI. When a certain device of the power control system breaks down, the IOT server is responsible for informing maintenance personnel to carry out field maintenance. When a maintenance person arrives at a power supply control local station, the maintenance person firstly scans the two-dimensional code of the IOT application APP to input a user name and a password, and then starts to maintain the fault after the user name and the password are authenticated and logged in as shown in FIG. 5. And automatically positioning which equipment comprises the related PSC/PSI and the fault of the controlled power supply according to the alarm information of the control equipment, and then carrying out related maintenance. When the maintenance is finished, maintenance personnel are responsible for writing maintenance records and pushing information to the IOT server. In addition, the maintenance personnel can detect the running states of the control equipment and the power supply at any time through the IOT application APP.

In order to visually display the equipment of the control system and the controlled power supply, according to the layout of the control equipment of the power local station, the cabinet, the control cabinet, the power controller PSC, the power control interface PSI and the distribution of the optical cables among the equipment are visualized as shown in FIG. 6, the left side displays an inquiry page of the cabinet, the middle part is a visualization diagram of the cabinet, the PSC and the cabinet where the optical cables are located, and the right side displays the name of the power supply in each VME cabinet, the number of the related cabinet, the number of the power control interface PSI, the number of the power controller PSC and the communication state of the connected optical cables. Where green indicates that the PSC is normal and red indicates that the PSC is abnormal, and related information of PSI and power is also displayed on the right.

Similarly, the cabinet of the power supply and the control interface PSI are visualized as shown in fig. 7, the right side displays detailed information including the name of the power supply in each VME chassis and the number of the related chassis, the left side displays an inquiry page of the power supply cabinet, the middle is a visual diagram of the cabinet where the power supply cabinet, the PSI and the optical cable are located, and the right side displays detailed information including the name of the power supply, the PSI number of the power control interface, the PSC number of the power supply controller, and the communication state of the connected optical cable.

In conclusion, the invention provides an intelligent safety monitoring system based on power control of the Internet of things. The intelligent safety monitoring system for power supply control of Internet of things is a monitoring platform specially used in the monitoring field of power supply control of industry or accelerators. The intelligent safety monitoring system for power supply control of the Internet of things divides all elements in the safety monitoring field of industrial or accelerator power supply control into four types of elements of 'people, equipment, environment and management', and integrates the four types of element systems into a unified whole through the Internet of things system, so that the four types of element systems are communicated with each other between people and objects in the safety monitoring field, and therefore the functions of emergency command, data acquisition, tracking and positioning, statistical analysis, intelligent management, mobile terminal application and the like in the safety monitoring field are achieved.

Preferably, the internet of things network is established by adopting a ZigBee protocol, ZigBee is a short-distance wireless communication technology with a unified technical standard, a PHY layer and an MAC layer of the short-distance wireless communication technology are IEEE802.15A protocol standards, the network layer is specified by a Zigbee technical alliance, and development and application of an application layer are developed and utilized according to application requirements of users, so that the technology can provide a flexible networking mode for the users.

In terms of networking performance, the Zigbee devices can be configured as a star network, a cluster number network, or a mesh network, and in a wireless network formed by each Zigbee device, a connection address code is a 16-bit short address or a 64-bit long address, and has a large network capacity.

The node router: contains all network messages, is the most complex of the 3 device types, has the largest storage capacity and the strongest computing power. And transmitting the network beacon. Establishing a network, managing network nodes, and storing network node information. And searching routing messages between a pair of nodes and continuously receiving information.

Network coordinator (FFD): can act as a network coordinator to form a network for connecting other FFDs or Reduced Function Devices (RFDs), and the FFD has the function of a controller to provide bidirectional information transmission.

With all 802.15.4 functions and all features specified by the standard attached

More memory, computing power may make it function as a network router when idle.

Can also be used as terminal equipment

An end-point transceiver (RFD) that can only transmit information to or receive information from the FFD.

With limited functionality to control cost and complexity

Are commonly used as terminal devices in networks.

The relatively simple implementation of ZigBee naturally saves costs, RFD reduces the cost of ZigBee components by eliminating memory and other circuitry, and the simple 8-bit processor and small protocol stack also help to reduce costs.

In terms of physical layer (PHY), the operating frequency of 802.15.4 is divided into three types, namely 2.4GHz,915MHz and 868MHz, which respectively provide transmission rates of 250Kbps, 40kbps and 20Kbps, and the transmission range is between 10 and 100 meters, and is typically 30 meters. Because the ZigBee uses 2.4GHz,915MHz and 868MHz frequency bands which are freely open for use, so a plurality of wireless communication technologies are used, and the ZigBee adopts a Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology in each frequency band in order to avoid interference. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) is a method in which a series of spreading codes with high code rate is directly used to spread the spectrum of a signal at the originating end by various modulation methods, and at the receiving end, the same spreading code sequence is used to decode the spread spectrum signal to restore the original information. The direct sequence spread spectrum communication has the main technical characteristics of strong anti-interference performance, good concealment, easy realization of code division multiple access ((DMA), multipath interference resistance, high direct sequence spread spectrum communication rate and the like.

In the aspect of the media access control layer (MAC), the CSMA/CA method of the 802.11 series standard in the WLAN is mainly used to improve the system compatibility, and a so-called CSMA/C person will check whether there is data transmission in the channel before transmission, and start data transmission if there is no data transmission in the channel, and retransmit the data later if there is collision.

The ZigBee protocol stack adopts a layered model and mainly comprises a physical layer (PHY), a media access layer (MAC), a network/security layer and an application framework layer. In the ZigBee technology, the PHY layer and the MAC layer adopt ieee802.15.4 protocol standards, wherein the PHY provides two types of services: i.e., PHY layer data and PHY layer management is serviced through a physical layer management entity interface (PLME). The PHY layer data service may be implemented by transmitting and receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) through a wireless physical channel.

The network/security layer of the ZigBee technology is mainly used for networking connection, data management, network security and the like of the LR-WPAN of ZigBee; the application framework layer mainly provides some application framework models and the like for the practical application of the ZigBee technology so as to facilitate the development and application of the ZigBee technology, the development and application frameworks of the ZigBee technology are different in different application occasions, and the application frameworks provided by different manufacturers are different at present, so that the application frameworks of the ZigBee technology are comprehensively considered according to specific application conditions and selected products.

1) Physical Layer (Physical Layer, PHY)

The physical layer (PHY) is the lowest layer defined in the IEEE802.15.4 standard. It comprises two physical sublayers operating at different frequency ranges of 869/915MHz and 2.4GHz, respectively. Responsibilities of the physical layer include: activating and deactivating ZigBee; detecting the energy of the current channel; receiving link quality of service information; a ZigBee channel access mode; channel frequency selection, and data transmission and reception, etc.

2) Data link Layer (MAC)

The data link layer (MAC) is defined by the IEEE802.15.4 standard. Responsibilities of the MAC layer include: the network coordinator generates a network beacon; synchronizing with the beacon; support establishment and disconnection of Personal Area Network (PAN) links; support is provided for the safety of the equipment; the channel access mode adopts a collision-free carrier sense multiple access (CSMA/CA) mechanism; a process and maintenance Guard Time Slot (GTS) mechanism; providing a reliable communication link between two peer MAC entities, etc.

3) Network Layer (Network Layer, NWK)

The network layer (NWK) is defined by the ZigBee alliance and primarily accomplishes the reception and transmission of data from and to the application layer. Responsibilities of the network layer include: mechanisms used when devices connect and disconnect networks; a safety mechanism adopted in the transmission process of the frame information; route discovery and route maintenance and handoff between devices; and completing the discovery of the one-hop neighbor device and the storage of the related node information. The main functions of the network layer are to provide proper operation of the IEEE 802.15.4-2003MAC sublayer and to provide an appropriate service interface for the application layer via SAP (service access point), and in order to interface with the application layer, the network layer conceptually includes two service entities with required functions: the data entity (NLDE) mainly provides data transmission service through its corresponding SAP (i.e., NLDE-SAP); the management entity (NLME) provides the degree of mechanism to access internal layer parameters, configuration and management data, primarily through NLME _ SAP.

4) Application layer (APL)

The application layer (APL) is the highest layer of the ZigBee protocol stack. The application layer is mainly responsible for mapping different applications onto the ZigBee network, and particularly comprises the following functions of maintaining the functional attributes of the device by using the applications; discovering the operation of other devices in the device working space by using the application layer; the application layer enables communication among a plurality of devices according to service and requirements; the application layer is developed by the user mainly according to a specific application. It includes an application support layer (APS), a ZigBee Device Object (ZDO), and an application object (appicationobject),

① application support layer (APS) provides two interfaces, application support layer management entity service access point (APSME-SAP) for implementing security and accepting application layer information through the coordinator's ZDO and APSDE-SAP for sending data through application objects and ZDO.

② ZigBee device object ((ZigBeeDeviceObject, ZDO) provides an interface for application objects to discover other devices and services.

③ application object (ApplicationObject) is a vendor application that actually runs on the ZigBee protocol stack.

There are three ZIGBEE networking modes: star-type networks, tree-type networks, mesh networks. The nodes of the star network can only communicate with each other through the coordinator. The tree network strings each communication node into a line, and each node can only communicate along the line in a transmission mode. The first two communication modes can only be used for some simple applications and are not discussed here. The mesh network has strong functions, all nodes of the network can flexibly communicate with each other, and the network can communicate in a multi-hop mode; the topology can also form very complex networks; the network also has self-organizing and self-healing functions. The advantages of wireless network communication are fully exerted. The specific implementation of the communication is described below in terms of the workflow of establishing a mesh network using the ZIGBEE protocol.

The ZIGBEE protocol stack is complex, but the ZIGBEE alliance encapsulates some programming interfaces for our specific application. Such as APS layer, ZDO layer, AF layer, OSAL operating system layer. Most of the functions of our specific application can be implemented by these high-level interfaces, which encapsulate the implementation details of the network layer and the physical layer. These complex tasks become transparent and convenient for program development.

The ZIGBEE2006 protocol stack provides a program framework for application development, and just like VC + +, we only need to care about the establishment of applications. Let us know the ZIGBEE2006 protocol stack first, open the protocol stack, and see the framework of the whole protocol stack in the left Workspace of the engineering file.

APP: the application layer directory, which is an area where users create various different projects, contains the content of the application layer and the main content of the project, and is generally implemented by the task of an operating system in a protocol stack.

HAL: the hardware layer directory contains configuration, driving and operation functions related to hardware.

MAC: the MAC layer directory comprises a parameter configuration file of the MAC layer and a function interface file of an LIB library of the MAC layer.

MT: the layers can be controlled through the serial ports, and direct interaction can be carried out on the layers.

NWK: network layer directory including network layer configuration parameter file and function interface file of network layer library, and function interface of APS layer library

OSAL: an operating system of a protocol stack.

Profile: and the AF layer directory contains AF layer processing function files.

Security: a security layer directory, a security layer processing function, such as a cryptographic function, etc.

Services: the address processing function directory includes the definition of address mode and address processing function.

Tools: and the engineering configuration directory comprises space division and ZStack related configuration information.

ZDO: ZDO directory

ZMAC: and the MAC layer directory comprises MAC layer parameter configuration and an MAC layer LIB library function callback processing function.

ZMAin: and the main function directory comprises an entry function and a hardware configuration file.

Output: the file directory is exported and this EW8051IDE is automatically generated.

As can be seen from the above description, in the entire protocol stack, for the functions of the Zigbee are all embodied, the method for creating an item on the basis of the functions is mainly to change the application layer. The program first takes the first step of building the network from the entry master MAIN function MAIN. Hardware devices, including clocks, interrupts, interfaces, peripherals, etc., are initialized in the master function.

The whole protocol stack is penetrated by an operating system, and a task needs to be added to join the application of the whole protocol stack. In the osal.c. file in the protocol stack, the function of the byte _ output _ system (void) function is to initialize the operating system. Adding tasks to the operating system task table is implemented in the function osal _ start _ system (). In the function, the task of the application required by the project is customized by calling the osalidtabs () function, the function belongs to the interface function between the application layer and the operating system layer, the general project establishment needs to write the function according to the system requirements, and the function is put in the application layer. The osalidsteps () function completes the task addition through the osalTaskAdd () function. First, the task required to support the protocol stack function is loaded into the function, the osalTaskAdd () function requires three arguments, the first argument being a pointer to the initialization function of each task, the second argument being a pointer to the event function of each task. Note that each task, including the task we write on, has two functions: the function is initialized and the event function, and the third parameter is the priority level of the task.

By utilizing the sending function, various application sending modes can be processed, including unicast sending, group sending and broadcast sending, and the combination of the three information transmission modes realizes all data transmission among network nodes.

In the TASK of adding, the osalTaskAdd (nwk _ init, nwk _ event _ loop, OSAL _ TASK _ PRIORITY _ MED) function sets up the sweatmarkworth for the establishment of the network, calls two functions of nwk _ init, nwk _ event _ loop to complete the whole establishment process of the network layer, including the network initialization (the establishment of a coordinator, a router and a terminal),

these two functions call a large number of network layer functions. Such as: NLME _ JoinRequest, NLME _ networkformat, NLME _ networkdiscoverrequ est, etc., it is preferable not to use these functions unless you have complete knowledge of the network setup process, but rather use ZDO _ StartDevice () to initialize, set up, and join the network, with one function performing all functions.

A ZIGBEE network may contain tens or hundreds of nodes, and ZIGBEE enables the nodes to share one network, i.e. there is only one coordinator in the network (there is only one coordinator in a network, i.e. one network id). And the transmission distance of one node is about 100 meters in an open region. Nodes joining the network or communicating with each other within a range much greater than 100 meters are achieved by routing. ZIGBEE adopts an AODV (on-demand routing algorithm), and has great advantages in energy conservation and network performance. The AODV routing protocol is an on-demand routing algorithm based on distance vectors, only required routes are kept, and the nodes are not required to maintain the routes which do not reach the destination nodes in the communication process. The node keeps track of only the next hop, not the entire route as the source node route. It can dynamically, self-initiate the establishment of hop-by-hop routes between mobile nodes in the network. When the link is broken, AODV informs the affected nodes so that they can be identified as invalid routes. AODV allows mobile nodes to respond to link failure and update the network topology in a timely manner.

The data transmission equipment is characterized in that wireless communication is established between the equipment by using a wireless signal with a specific form, the wireless signal consists of a logic signal part and a time slot part, the logic signal part is used for transmitting various commands or information between the equipment, and the time slot part is used for transmitting a response signal of one binary bit to the equipment by the equipment through backscatter modulation; based on wireless communication, the device sends corresponding command and/or information to make the device make corresponding transition among initial state, general inquiry state, general search state, waiting state and confirmation state and execute search and/or inquiry action, thereby completing the identification between devices. The invention solves the problem of synchronization of the prior binary search method and improves the anti-interference performance.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modules in the devices in the embodiments may be distributed in the devices in the embodiments according to the description of the embodiments, or may be located in one or more devices different from the embodiments with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments may be combined into one module, or further split into multiple sub-modules.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a power control intelligent security monitored control system based on thing networking which characterized in that includes: power control system, thing networking interface layer, IOT application server, intelligent monitoring application layer, node router and RFID receive and send the terminator, wherein:

2. The intelligent power control safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things of claim 1, wherein: the front-end control computer and the IOT application server adopt a TCP/IP protocol and a socket interface for communication; data are sent in batches, and 1 data file is sent in each batch; the data file is in a text file format; each data file includes a single or multiple data records.

3. The intelligent power control safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things of claim 2, wherein: the 1 st record of the data file should be a header consisting of a database name and a data table name or a folder name and a data file name.

4. The intelligent power control safety monitoring system based on the Internet of things of claim 2, wherein: between database name and data table name or between folder name and data file name; "separate; the data head ends with an "|"; the database name or folder name is represented by 2 letters: KJ represents coal mine monitoring, and the name of a data table or the name of a data file is represented by 4 letters; ending each data recording with "" to ""; fields in each data record are used "; "separate; each batch of data records ends with "|".

5. The intelligent security monitoring system for power control based on internet of things of claim 1, wherein the database of the IOT application server comprises at least one of the following security monitoring information: AQMT-safety monitoring, analog quantity statistics; AQBJ-safety monitoring, analog quantity and switching value alarm, power failure, feed abnormality and system work abnormality; AQKD-safety monitoring, switching value action; AQMC-safety monitoring, and analog quantity initialization; AQKC-safety monitoring, initializing the switching value; the central station automatically transmits analog quantity feed abnormality, analog quantity power-off, analog quantity alarm, analog quantity statistic value, switching quantity feed abnormality, switching quantity alarm power-off, switching quantity action, system work abnormality and initialization information to the monitoring center.

6. The intelligent power control security monitoring system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 5, wherein the analog quantity statistic value is uploaded at least 1 time every set time, and the contents include: power supply, time, monitoring place, measured name, average value, maximum value time, minimum value and minimum value time.

7. The intelligent power control safety monitoring system based on the internet of things of claim 5, wherein the alarm, power failure and feed state changes of analog quantity and switching value are uploaded immediately, and the contents comprise: power supply, time, category, analog quantity, switching value, working state, processing measure, monitoring place, name of measured object, state, alarm and alarm release; power failure and power restoration; abnormal and normal feeding; work is abnormal and normal; and (5) powering off and removing people.

8. The intelligent power control security monitoring system based on the internet of things of claim 5, wherein the on-off state change can be selected to be uploaded or not, and if the on-off state change is uploaded, the content comprises: power supply, state change time, monitoring place, measured name and state including on and off.

9. The intelligent power control security monitoring system based on the internet of things of claim 5, wherein the change of the analog quantity initialization parameter is uploaded immediately, and the content comprises: power supply, initialization, generation time, monitoring place, measured name, unit, alarm value, power-off value, power-on value and power-off area.

10. The intelligent power control security monitoring system based on the internet of things of claim 5, wherein the on-off initialization parameter changes are uploaded immediately, and the content comprises: power, initialization, generation time, monitoring location, name measured, alarm or power off status, power off area.