CN107091952B - Method for judging power and power judging module - Google Patents
Method for judging power and power judging module Download PDFInfo
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- CN107091952B CN107091952B CN201710351620.3A CN201710351620A CN107091952B CN 107091952 B CN107091952 B CN 107091952B CN 201710351620 A CN201710351620 A CN 201710351620A CN 107091952 B CN107091952 B CN 107091952B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/127—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using pulse modulation
Abstract
The invention provides a method for judging power, wherein a PWM signal is formed after current sampling and processing, a control unit determines the period of the PWM signal, for the waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, the ratio of the time of the waveform part generated by a set value to the period is recorded as a first detection value, or the ratio of the time of the waveform part generated by the set value to the period is recorded as a second detection value, when the first detection value is close to or equal to a first reference value, the control unit judges that the current power is the power corresponding to the first reference value, or when the second detection value is close to or equal to a second reference value, the control unit judges that the current power is the power corresponding to the second reference value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of control methods of intelligent devices such as intelligent sockets, switches and the like, in particular to a method for judging power and a power judging module.
Background
After intelligent device such as smart jack, switch inserted the load, for example smart jack grafting air conditioner, the air conditioner is exactly the load, because the air conditioner has standby and two kinds of states of work, so whether reasonable judgement is in the standby will be the basic condition of other control process, only power judgement is reasonable, other control action of intelligent device just can function correctly, the humanized design of intelligent device just can be better realized, user experience just can be better.
For the judgment of standby, the essence is the judgment of the current power, and the prior art has studied intelligent devices such as intelligent sockets and switches for many years, but the capability of reasonably judging the power by adopting a simple method is not found yet.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a method for judging power, have the advantages of simplicity, reasonable power judgment and being capable of realizing intelligent judgment, and further provide a power judgment module for operating the method, wherein the power judgment module has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable power judgment, being capable of realizing intelligent judgment and low cost.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for determining power, wherein a current sample is performed on a power supply line supplied by a load, the current sample is converted into a voltage signal and processed to form a PWM signal, a control unit receives the PWM signal, the control unit determines a period of the PWM signal, for waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, a ratio of a time occupied period of a waveform part generated above a set value to a time occupied period maintained is recorded as a first detection value, or a ratio of a time occupied period maintained by a waveform part generated below the set value to a time occupied period maintained is recorded as a second detection value, when the first detection value is close to or equal to the first reference value, the control unit determines that the current power is the power corresponding to a first reference value, the first reference value is at least one, the first reference value is the first detection value calculated under the corresponding power, or when the second detection value is close to or equal to the second reference value, the control unit determines that the current power is the power corresponding to a second reference value, the second reference value is at least one, and the second reference value is the second detection value calculated under the corresponding power.
The PWM signal is generated by sampling the current and converting the current into a voltage signal, comparing the voltage signal with a reference voltage, wherein the reference voltage is the set value, if the reference voltage is greater than the reference voltage, the first signal is output, and if the reference voltage is less than the reference voltage, the second signal is output.
The process of determining the period of the PWM signal by the control unit is that, for each period t, the control unit uses the time at which the received first signal or the received second signal is located as the starting time t1 of the period t, and correspondingly, if the time at which the first signal is located is used as the starting time t1 of the period t, after the first signal is interrupted, the time at which the first signal reappears is used as the ending time t3 of the period t, and if the time at which the first second signal is located is used as the starting time t1 of the period t, after the second signal is interrupted, the time at which the second signal reappears is used as the ending time t3 of the period t.
If the first signal is adopted, when the control unit receives the first signal which continuously appears, the time for the continuous appearance is marked as t2, and the calculation is carried out according to the formula A = t2/t, t = (t 3-t 1) to obtain a first detection value A; or, if the second signal is adopted, when the control unit receives the second signal which continuously appears, the time for maintaining the continuous appearance is recorded as t4, and the calculation is performed according to the formula B = t4/t, t = (t 3-t 1) to obtain a second detection value B; or B is calculated as B = 1-a; alternatively, a is calculated as a = 1-B.
After adopting the scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: firstly, the method does not need to calculate a specific current value, only needs to generate a PWM signal, simplifies the whole process, can simply realize the judgment of the power in the whole process by processing the PWM signal, has reasonable power judgment, does not have complex operation, adopts less data and less operation amount in the operation, and in addition, the PWM signal changes along with the real-time change of the current on a power supply line for supplying power to a load, and can dynamically and objectively reflect the power utilization condition of the load, so that the judgment also changes along with the change of the power utilization condition, thereby realizing the intelligent judgment; the more the first reference value or the second reference value is, namely the finer the division is, the more accurate the judgment on the current power is; in summary, the invention has the advantages of simple but reasonable power judgment and being capable of realizing intelligent judgment.
As an improvement, recording A obtained under the condition of load standby as a first reference value A1, judging that the load is in standby for a plurality of continuous periods t when A obtained by calculation of each period t is less than or equal to A1, otherwise, re-determining the initial period t of the plurality of continuous periods t, and re-judging whether the load is in standby;
or, recording B obtained under the condition of load standby as a second reference value B1, judging that the load is in standby for a plurality of continuous periods t when B obtained by calculation of each period t is greater than or equal to B1, otherwise, re-determining the initial period t of the plurality of continuous periods t, and re-judging whether the load is in standby;
therefore, whether the load is in a standby state or not is judged reasonably and accurately, the required storage capacity and the calculation amount are smaller due to the fact that only the first reference value A1 or the second reference value B1 is provided, and the execution efficiency of the whole method is higher.
As an improvement, the initial period t is determined again, that is, once the period t in which a is less than or equal to A1 occurs, or once the period t in which B is greater than or equal to B1 occurs, the period t is used as the initial period t, which is more beneficial to timely judging whether the mobile terminal is in a standby state, and improving the judgment efficiency.
As an improvement, a obtained under the condition of load operation is denoted as A2, A1+ B is denoted as C, C is smaller than A2, and C is used as a first reference value, or B obtained under the condition of load operation is denoted as B2, B1-D is denoted as E, E is smaller than B2, and E is used as a second reference value, so that A1+ B is increased by A1, and B1-D is decreased by B1, and the setting aims to enhance the adaptability of the application, so as to cope with the influence of the fluctuation of the power consumption environment, specifically, how large B or D is adopted can be determined according to the fluctuation degree of the actual power consumption environment, and a value, such as B or D, is 0.02, can also be set subjectively.
The improvement comprises starting an input end for calculating A1 or B1, and after the input end is operated, the control unit takes A or B obtained by calculation in the next period of time as corresponding A1 or B1, so that the A1 or B1 is adjusted according to the standby actual conditions of different loads, the operation of the invention is more reliable and stable, meanwhile, the debugging and installation of debugging and installation personnel are facilitated, and better use experience is brought to later-stage users; the above arrangement provides the present invention with learning capabilities.
As an improvement, the initial A1 or B1 is set by a preset manner, and the input terminal starts to re-determine the A1 or B1, so that, in a default case, the preset A1 or B1 is used as a reference value to perform judgment, and the input terminal can be operated when the setter determines that the load is in a standby state, and the re-determination of the A1 or B1 is realized by starting the input terminal, so that the setting can avoid confusion of the A1 or B1, ensure the adaptability of the invention in each use environment, and bring better use experience to the user.
The invention also provides a power judgment module for operating the method for judging the power, which comprises a current sampling unit, a PWM signal generation unit and a control unit;
the current sampling unit is used for sampling current of a power supply line supplied by a load and converting a current signal obtained by sampling into a voltage signal;
the PWM signal generating unit is used for generating a voltage signal into a PWM signal;
the control unit is used for calculating a first detection value or a second detection value according to the condition of waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, and comparing the first detection value with a first reference value to judge the current power, or comparing the second detection value with a second reference value to judge the current power.
After adopting the scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the intelligent power judgment system has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable power judgment, capability of realizing intelligent judgment and low cost, and particularly, firstly, the current sampling unit only converts a current signal into a voltage signal, the circuit structure is simple, the voltage signal is converted into a PWM signal by combining with the PWM signal generating unit, for example, the implementation mode can adopt a circuit designed around a comparator, the circuit is simple, the control unit calculates a first detection value or a second detection value according to the waveform conditions of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, and compares the first detection value with a first reference value to judge the current power, or compares the second detection value with a second reference value to judge the current power, so that the power judgment is reasonable, secondly, the calculation process and the judgment process have low requirements on the calculation capability and the data storage capability of the control unit, the calculation amount of the control unit is small, therefore, the control unit can adopt a low-cost single chip microcomputer, the cost of the current sampling unit and the PWM signal generating unit is also low, so that the overall cost is low, thirdly, the first detection value or the second detection value changes along with the real-time change on the power supply line of a load, the electricity utilization condition of the load is reflected dynamically, and the intelligent judgment is also realized along with the change of the electricity utilization condition of the intelligent judgment; synthesize above-mentioned, this application has simple structure, power and judges rationally, can be used to realize intelligent judgement, advantage with low costs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a power determination module.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current sampling unit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the PWM signal generating unit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the trigger unit.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in further detail below:
in the first embodiment of the present invention, the first,
a method for judging power includes carrying out current sampling on a power supply line powered by a load, converting the current sampling into a voltage signal and processing the voltage signal to form a PWM signal, receiving the PWM signal by a control unit, determining the period of the PWM signal by the control unit, regarding waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, setting the ratio of time occupied by a waveform part generated by a set value to the period as a first detection value or setting the ratio of time occupied by a waveform part generated by the set value to the period lower than the period of the waveform part generated by the set value as a second detection value, judging the current power to be the power corresponding to the first reference value by the control unit when the first detection value is close to or equal to the first reference value, setting the first reference value to be at least one, calculating the first detection value under the corresponding power by the first reference value, or judging the current power to be the power corresponding to the second reference value by the control unit when the second detection value is close to or equal to the second reference value, and setting the second reference value to be the second detection value under the corresponding power.
The plurality of periods in the PWM signal may be each period in the PWM signal, or a plurality of periods in the PWM signal appearing at equal intervals or unequal intervals, or a plurality of periods in the PWM signal may be selected, and the like.
The method comprises the steps of sampling current of a power supply line supplied by a load, such as current sampling by a current divider method, wherein the current sampling is the current sampling, and the generation process of a PWM signal comprises the steps of converting the current sampling into a voltage signal, comparing the voltage signal with a reference voltage, outputting a first signal if the voltage signal is greater than the reference voltage, and outputting a second signal if the voltage signal is less than the reference voltage;
the process that the control unit determines the period of the PWM signal is that, for each period t, the control unit takes the time at which the first received first signal is located as the starting time t1 of the period t, and then, after the first signal is interrupted, the time at which the first signal appears again is taken as the ending time t3 of the period t;
the calculation process of the first detection value is that, by using the first signal, when the control unit receives the first signal which continuously appears, the time for which the continuous appearance is maintained is recorded as t2, and a = t2/t, t = (t 3-t 1) is calculated according to the formula a, so as to obtain a;
the process of realizing the standby judgment is that A obtained under the condition of load standby is recorded as a first reference value A1, for a plurality of continuous periods t, or a plurality of periods t appearing at equal intervals, when A obtained by calculation of each period t is less than or equal to A1, the load is judged to be in standby, otherwise, the initial period t of the plurality of continuous periods t is determined again, and whether the load is in standby or not is judged again;
the starting period t is re-determined such that, once a period t in which a is less than or equal to A1 occurs, the period t is regarded as the starting period t.
A obtained in the load working condition is marked as A2, A1+ B obtains C, C is smaller than A2, the C is used as a first reference value, for example, A1 is 0.05, B is 0.01, and C is 0.06.
An input end for starting the calculation A1 is included, and after the input end is operated, the control unit takes A calculated in the next period as the corresponding A1, for example, the next period can comprise twenty periods t, and the twenty A calculated in the twenty periods t is averaged to determine a value as A1.
The initial A1 is set in a preset mode, and the input end starts to confirm the A1 again.
In the second embodiment, a method for determining power,
the generation of the PWM signal is similar to the first embodiment except that the current power is determined by comparing the second detection value with the second reference value.
The process that the control unit determines the period of the PWM signal is that for each period t, the control unit takes the moment of the received first second signal as the starting moment t1 of the period t, and takes the moment of the second signal appearing again as the end moment t3 of the period t after the second signal is interrupted;
the second detection value is calculated by using the second signal, and when the control unit receives the second signal which continuously appears, the time for the continuous appearance is recorded as t4, and the calculation is performed according to the formula B = t4/t, t = (t 3-t 1) to obtain B;
the process of realizing the standby judgment is that B obtained under the condition of load standby is recorded as a second reference value B1, for a plurality of continuous periods t, when B calculated in each period t is greater than or equal to B1, the load is judged to be in standby, otherwise, the initial period t of the plurality of continuous periods t is determined again, and whether the load is in standby or not is judged again.
The starting period t is newly determined such that, when a period t in which B is greater than or equal to B1 occurs, the period t is regarded as the starting period t.
B obtained under load operation is marked as B2, B1-D obtain E, E is smaller than B2, the E is taken as a second reference value, for example, B1 is 0.95, D is 0.1, and E is 0.94.
The control unit comprises an input end for starting the calculation of B1, and after the input end is operated, the control unit takes B calculated in the next period as corresponding B1, for example, the next period can comprise ten periods t, and takes the ten B calculated in the ten periods t as a certain value on average as B1.
The initial B1 is set in a preset mode, and the input end starts to determine the B1 again.
In a third embodiment, a power determination module is described by taking a 220V and 50Hz mains supply adopted in China as an example, and the method of the first or second embodiment can be operated:
the PWM current sampling circuit comprises a current sampling unit, a PWM signal generating unit and a control unit.
The current sampling unit is used for sampling current of a power supply line supplied by a load and converting a current signal obtained by sampling into a voltage signal.
The PWM signal generating unit is used for generating a PWM signal from the voltage signal.
The control unit is used for calculating a first detection value or a second detection value according to the condition of waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, and comparing the first detection value with a first reference value to judge the current power, or comparing the second detection value with a second reference value to judge the current power.
The description of several periods in the PWM signal is the same as the first embodiment.
Calculating the first detection value or the second detection value according to the waveforms of a plurality of cycles in the PWM signal means: for waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, the ratio of the time of the waveform part generated by the PWM signal, which is higher than the set value, to the period is recorded as a first detection value, the ratio of the first detection value, namely the duty ratio, to the time of the waveform part generated by the PWM signal, which is lower than the set value, to the period is recorded as a second detection value.
And comparing the first detection value with the first reference value to judge the current power, or comparing the second detection value with the second reference value to judge the current power: when the first detection value is close to or equal to a first reference value, the control unit judges that the current power is the power corresponding to the first reference value, the first reference value is at least one, and the first reference value is the first detection value calculated under the corresponding power, or when the second detection value is close to or equal to a second reference value, the control unit judges that the current power is the power corresponding to a second reference value, the second reference value is at least one, and the second reference value is the second detection value calculated under the corresponding power.
The current sampling unit comprises a circuit designed according to a shunt method, the PWM signal generating unit comprises a comparator, the current sampling unit outputs a voltage signal to the PWM signal generating unit, the voltage signal is used for being compared with a reference voltage of the PWM signal generating unit, and the PWM signal generating unit is used for outputting a first signal or a second signal to the control unit according to a comparison result, namely outputting the PWM signal to the control unit.
The current sampling unit comprises constantan RB1, a first resistor RB2 and a first capacitor C1B, the constantan RB1 is connected in series in a power supply line, the constantan RB1 converts current change of a load into a voltage signal, the first resistor RB2 and the first capacitor C1B form an RC filter structure, and the RC filter structure processes the voltage signal and then outputs the voltage signal to the PWM signal generating unit.
The PWM signal generating unit comprises a second resistor R31, a fourth resistor R32, a fifth resistor R33 and a comparator U5A, wherein the common end of the series connection of the second resistor R31 and the fourth resistor R32 is electrically connected with the first input end of the comparator U5A, the other end of the second resistor R31 is grounded, the other end of the fourth resistor R32 is connected with a 3V direct current power supply, the comparator U5A is also powered by the 3V direct current power supply, the voltage of the first input end is obtained through the arrangement of the second resistor R31 and the fourth resistor R32 and is used as a reference voltage, namely the set value, the output end V1P of the output voltage signal of the current sampling unit is electrically connected with the second input end of the comparator U5A, the output end of the comparator U5A is electrically connected with one end of the fifth resistor R33 to form a common end GL, the common end GL is electrically connected with the control unit, the other end of the fifth resistor R33 is connected with the 3V direct current power supply, the voltage signal is changed, the voltage signal can be output to the control unit to output the first signal or the second signal which is larger than the reference voltage, and is smaller than the second voltage, if the PWM signal is output, and is smaller than the reference voltage, and the first voltage, thus the second voltage is formed; in this example, if the voltage signal is greater than the reference voltage, a low level is output as the digital signal 0, i.e., the first signal, and if the voltage signal is less than the reference voltage, a high level is output as the digital signal 1, i.e., the second signal, the time for which consecutive 0 s are maintained is t2, and the time for which consecutive 1 s are maintained is t4, although the period t can also be determined by the first signal or the second signal.
The control unit can adopt a circuit constructed around the single chip microcomputer, has the functions of calculation, storage, judgment and the like, can realize duty ratio calculation of the PWM signal, and compares and judges the calculated value with a preset value.
The trigger unit is a switch circuit, the switch circuit comprises a switch S4 and a sixth resistor R28, one end of the switch S4 is connected with a 3V direct-current power supply, the other end of the switch S4 is connected with the sixth resistor R28 in series to form a common terminal TEST, the common terminal TEST is electrically connected with the control unit to output a trigger signal to the control unit, the other end of the sixth resistor R28 is grounded, and the switch circuit is simple, reliable in action and low in cost; the switch S4 is pressed, the common terminal TEST is a high level, the high level is a trigger signal, and therefore, by arranging the trigger unit, the control unit can be manually started to set a first detection value obtained by calculation next to be a first reference value and set a second detection value to be a second reference value, and the first reference value or the second reference value is adjusted according to standby actual conditions of different loads, so that the application is more reliable and stable in operation, the standby judgment is more reasonable, meanwhile, debugging and installation personnel can conveniently perform debugging and installation, and better use experience is brought to later-stage users; the above-mentioned setting makes this application have the ability of study, and the structure is comparatively simple.
The initial A1 or B1 is set in a preset mode, the switch circuit is started to determine the A1 or B1 again, in this way, in a default condition, the preset A1 or B1 is used as a reference value for judgment, and the A1 or B1 is determined again, the switch S4 of the switch circuit can be operated under the condition that a setter determines that the load is in a standby condition, and the switch S4 is started to determine the A1 or B1 again, so that the arrangement can avoid the confusion of the A1 or B1, ensure the adaptability of the invention in various use environments, and bring better use experience to users.
The re-determination of A1 or B1 by the activation of the switch S4 means, for example, A1, and when the switch S4 is operated, the control unit takes a calculated a in the next period as the corresponding A1, for example, the next period may include twenty periods t, and takes an average value of twenty a calculated in the twenty periods t as A1; for example, B1, when the switch S4 is operated, the control unit takes B calculated in the next period as corresponding B1, for example, the next period may include ten periods t, and takes the ten B calculated in the ten periods t as B1 by averaging the determined values.
Regardless of the first, second or third embodiment, it can be understood that a and B are both sides of the power supply, that is, in a period t, except that a is B, under the environment of better power supply quality, that is, the fluctuation is small, if a is known, B =1-a, and similarly, if B is known, a =1-B; the power supply line is not limited to a wire connected to a load, and can be located at a position suitable for current sampling on the power supply line.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structure, characteristics and principles described in the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for judging power is characterized in that a power supply line for supplying power to a load is subjected to current sampling, the current sampling is converted into a voltage signal and processed to form a PWM signal, a control unit receives the PWM signal, the control unit determines the period of the PWM signal, for waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, the ratio of the time of a waveform part generated above a set value to the period is recorded as a first detection value, or the ratio of the time of a waveform part generated below the set value to the period is recorded as a second detection value, when the first detection value is close to or equal to the first reference value, the control unit judges that the current power is the power corresponding to a first reference value, the first reference value is at least one, the first reference value is the first detection value calculated under the corresponding power, or when the second detection value is close to or equal to the second reference value, the control unit judges that the current power is the power corresponding to a second reference value, the second reference value is at least one, the second reference value is a second detection value calculated under the corresponding power, the generation process of the PWM signal is that the current is sampled and converted into a voltage signal, the voltage signal is compared with a reference voltage, the reference voltage is the set value, if the voltage signal is larger than the reference voltage, a first signal is output, if the voltage signal is smaller than the reference voltage, a second signal is output, the control unit determines the period of the PWM signal, for each period t, the control unit takes the moment of the received first signal or the second signal as the starting point moment t1 of the period t, correspondingly, if the moment of the first signal is taken as the starting point moment t1 of the period t, the moment when the first signal reappears after the first signal is interrupted is taken as the end point moment t3 of the period t, if the time at which the first second signal is located is taken as the starting time t1 of the period t, after the second signal is interrupted, the time at which the second signal reappears is taken as the end time t3 of the period t, and the calculation process of the first detection value or the second detection value is that, if the first signal is adopted, when the control unit receives the continuously appearing first signal, the time maintained by the continuous appearance is taken as t2, and the calculation is performed according to the formula a = t2/t, t = (t 3-t 1) to obtain the first detection value a; or, if the second signal is adopted, when the control unit receives the second signal which continuously appears, the time for maintaining the continuous appearance is recorded as t4, and the calculation is performed according to the formula B = t4/t, t = (t 3-t 1) to obtain a second detection value B; or B is calculated as B = 1-a; alternatively, a is calculated as a = 1-B.
2. The method for judging power according to claim 1, wherein a obtained under a load standby condition is recorded as a first reference value A1, and for a plurality of consecutive periods t, when a obtained by calculation for each period t is less than or equal to A1, it is judged that the load is in standby, otherwise, an initial period t of the consecutive periods t is determined again, and it is judged again whether the load is in standby;
or, recording B obtained under the load standby condition as a second reference value B1, and for a plurality of continuous periods t, judging that the load is in standby when B obtained by calculation of each period t is greater than or equal to B1, otherwise, re-determining the initial period t of the plurality of continuous periods t, and re-judging whether the load is in standby.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the starting period t is determined again as the starting period t when a is less than or equal to A1 or when B is greater than or equal to B1.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein a obtained under load operation is denoted as A2, A1+ B is denoted as C, C is smaller than A2, and C is used as the first reference value, or B obtained under load operation is denoted as B2, B1-D is denoted as E, E is smaller than B2, and E is used as the second reference value.
5. The method of claim 2, comprising initiating an input for calculating A1 or B1, and operating the input to determine a or B as a corresponding A1 or B1 in a subsequent period of time.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the initial A1 or B1 is set by a predetermined method, and the input end is used to determine whether A1 or B1 is to be re-determined.
7. A power judging module for operating the method of judging power of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a current sampling unit, a PWM signal generating unit and a control unit;
the current sampling unit is used for sampling current of a power supply line supplied by a load and converting a current signal obtained by sampling into a voltage signal;
the PWM signal generating unit is used for generating a PWM signal from the voltage signal;
the control unit is used for calculating a first detection value or a second detection value according to the condition of waveforms of a plurality of periods in the PWM signal, and comparing the first detection value with a first reference value to judge the current power, or comparing the second detection value with a second reference value to judge the current power.
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