CN107091878A - The modulus measurer excited based on transient state - Google Patents
The modulus measurer excited based on transient state Download PDFInfo
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- CN107091878A CN107091878A CN201710285836.4A CN201710285836A CN107091878A CN 107091878 A CN107091878 A CN 107091878A CN 201710285836 A CN201710285836 A CN 201710285836A CN 107091878 A CN107091878 A CN 107091878A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of modulus measurer excited based on transient state, it is fixed by sample and constituted with stress wave excitation device and data collection with processing system two parts, including tripod, support bar, aluminum retainer ring, solid-like capo, resonance extension frame, velocity sensor, nylon round end hand hammer, vibration signal transmission line and data Collection ＆ Processing System cabinet.Its principle is to tap sample column with hand hammer to produce transient state wideband vibration signal, multi-mode standing wave is formed in the sample, by measuring its vibration signal installed in the velocity sensor of sample different parts, the velocity of sound and Young's modulus in sample vibration frequency, solid can be obtained by spectrum analysis and vibration mode identification；Compared to existing stationary ultrasound ripple method and ime-domain measuring method, the present invention can simplify exciting bank, improve the velocity of sound of medium and the measurement accuracy of Young's modulus, be with a wide range of applications in fields such as engineering geology, mechanical engineering and material science.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instrument for being used to measure solid Young's modulus, more particularly to a kind of poplar excited based on transient state
Family name's modulus measuring instrument.
Background technology
The Young's modulus measuring method and means of solid have a variety of, and the measuring method commonly used in Practical Project has stretching
Method, dynamic suspension method and ultrasonic velocity method etc..Pulling method is a kind of static method, makes measured sample by applying active force
Material is strained, and measuring it by electrically or optically method strains, so as to obtain the Young's modulus of material；Such a method measurement
Inconvenience, measurement accuracy is relatively low.Dynamic suspension method and ultrasonic velocity method are all to use dynamic method, by being excited to specimen material
Vibration or ultrasonic wave are produced, according to the transmission time of measurement sample vibration frequency or ultrasonic wave in the sample, sample material is can obtain
The Young's modulus of material.In the actual measurement of solid material Young's modulus, mainly using ultrasonic velocity method, because dynamic method needs
Produce the stable state excitaton source that wholly or partially vibrates of sample, device is complicated, cost is high, frequency band is narrower, measurement accuracy by
Limitation.Compared with ultrasonic wave stable state is excited, transient stress is excited without special stable state excitation device, only with machinery percussion
Realize that wideband is excited, simplify apparatus structure, reduce production and the use cost of instrument；Secondly, by multiple spot in sample
The either synchronously or asynchronously measurement of stationary wave vibration, and calculated using Spectral Analysis Method according to the different mode of standing wave in medium, can
Improve the measurement accuracy of Young's modulus.
The content of the invention
In view of this, The embodiment provides a kind of modulus measurer excited based on transient state, the instrument
The identification of vibration mode can not only be provided, the spread speed of sound wave in solid is measured, and it is simple in construction, and stability is good, can be certainly
The Young's modulus of dynamic fundamental vibration frequency, the velocity of sound and the solid dielectric analyzed and calculate sample.
Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of modulus measurer excited based on transient state, including sample is fixed and stress
Wave excitation device and data Collection ＆ Processing System；The sample fix with stress wave excitation device include sample fixing device,
Solid-like capo, hand hammer, First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, third speed sensor and fourth speed sensor；
The solid-like capo is arranged on sample fixing device, the First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, third speed
Sensor and fourth speed sensor are separately positioned on the top of solid-like capo, at a quarter away from solid sample column top
With 1/2nd at and bottom, First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, third speed sensor and fourth speed are passed
Sensor is connected by vibration signal transmission line with the data Collection ＆ Processing System respectively；The data Collection ＆ Processing System
Include the inspection of filter circuit, precision differential amplifier, signal acquisition on-off circuit, ADC analog-to-digital conversions, microcontroller and correlation
Survey, control and signal processing software；Filter circuit and the precision differential amplifier is used to reduce noise, improves measurement signal
Stability；The microcontroller is used to gather the sample vibration signal through ADC analog-to-digital conversions, concurrent toward the enterprising row data of host computer
Processing and analysis are calculated；The hand hammer is used for the upper surface or lower surface for tapping sample column, triggers transient state wideband vibration signal,
Stress wave is produced on solid-like capo, and forms the standing wave of various patterns, is sensed by First Speed sensor, second speed
Device, third speed sensor and fourth speed sensor measure the speed letter that various standing waves produce vibration in solid-like capo everywhere
Number, and data Collection ＆ Processing System is sent to by vibration signal transmission line.
Further, the sample fixing device includes tripod, support bar and at least two retainer rings；The tripod
It is placed on level table or ground, support bar is tightened in tripod centre bore vertically by screw thread, the retainer ring will be solid
Body sample column is vertically fixed on the support bar of tripod.
Further, one end of the retainer ring is fixed on support bar, the other end by annular metal thin slice flexibly with
Solid-like capo is connected, and solid-like capo is stably in vertical vacant state, it is ensured that solid-like capo is in freely
Vibrational state, is easy to exciting for a variety of vibration modes.
Further, the top of the solid-like capo, at a quarter away from solid sample column top and 1/2nd
Place and bottom be respectively fixed with resonance extension frame, resonate extension frame extended planar on be respectively mounted First Speed sensor,
Second speed sensor, third speed sensor and fourth speed sensor；The vibration of the resonance extension frame plane is believed that
In the vertical vibration of the point it is consistent with solid-like capo, is fixed on the velocity sensor in the extended planar of resonance extension frame
Vertical vibrating velocity of the measurable solid-like capo in the point.
Further, the data Collection ＆ Processing System collection has four in an independent case body on casing front panel
Individual vibration signal input port and a USB output interface；The First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, the 3rd speed
Degree sensor and fourth speed sensor are connected to the data Collection ＆ Processing System by vibration signal transmission line respectively
Vibration signal input port；The data Collection ＆ Processing System is connected by its USB output interface with host computer.
Further, the hand hammer is nylon round end hand hammer.
The beneficial effect brought of technical scheme that embodiments of the invention are provided is：
(1) compared with ultrasonic wave stable state is excited, transient stress is excited without stable state excitation device, is realized that wideband is excited, is made
The displaying content of vibration and standing wave phenomena is more enriched, while simplifying apparatus structure, reduces the production of instrument and uses into
This；
(2) measurement of multiple associative mode frequencies can be carried out by knowing method for distinguishing using spectrum analysis and vibration mode, be passed through
Average treatment improves the measurement accuracy of sample vibration frequency.If the density r and length l of known sample medium, pass through the above method
Obtain the fundamental frequency f of sample vibration1, then can be by u=2lf1And E=ru2Spread speed of the stress wave in sample media is calculated respectively
With the Young's modulus of solid dielectric.Measurement accuracy in usual frequency domain is higher than the measurement accuracy in time domain, and therefore, this method can
To significantly improve the measurement accuracy of velocity of wave and Young's modulus；
(3) it can demonstrate transient state excitation, stress wave as instruments used for education and propagated in solid dielectric and various vibration modes
Generation and measurement；Substantially, operation is simple for the effect of demonstrative process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of modulus measurer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of data Collection ＆ Processing System.
In figure：1st, tripod；2nd, support bar；3rd, retainer ring；4th, solid-like capo；5th, resonate extension frame；6th, hand hammer；7th,
One velocity sensor；8th, second speed sensor；9th, third speed sensor；10th, fourth speed sensor；11st, vibration signal
Transmission line；12nd, data Collection ＆ Processing System；121st, filter circuit；122nd, precision differential amplifier；123rd, signal acquisition is switched
Circuit；124th, ADC analog-to-digital conversions；125th, microcontroller；13rd, host computer.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is further described.
Fixed The embodiment provides a kind of modulus measurer excited based on transient state, including sample with answering
Reeb excitation apparatus and data Collection ＆ Processing System 12.
Fig. 1 is refer to, sample is fixed includes tripod 1, support bar 2, retainer ring 3, solid-like with stress wave excitation device
Capo 4, resonance extension frame 5, hand hammer 6, First Speed sensor 7, second speed sensor 8, third speed sensor the 9, the 4th
Velocity sensor 10 and vibration signal transmission line 11.Tripod 1 is placed on level table or ground, and support bar 2 passes through spiral shell
Line is tightened in the centre bore of tripod 1 vertically, and the one end of aluminum retainer ring 3 is fixed on support bar 2, and the other end is thin by annular metal
Piece is flexibly connected with solid-like capo 4, solid-like capo 4 is stably in vertical vacant state, it is ensured that solid-like
Capo 4 can free vibration, be easy to exciting for a variety of vibration modes.In the top of solid-like capo 4, bottom, away from solid-like capo 4
Resonance extension frame 5 is respectively fixed with a quarter at top and at 1/2nd, in the extended planar of these resonance extension framves 5
First Speed sensor 7, second speed sensor 8, third speed sensor 9 and fourth speed sensing are respectively mounted from top to down
Device 10, for obtaining vibration velocity signal of the sample column in above-mentioned position.The plane vibration of resonance extension frame 5 is believed that and solid
Sample column 4 is consistent in the vertical vibration of the point, therefore, is fixed on the First Speed in the extended planar of resonance extension frame 5
Sensor 7, second speed sensor 8, third speed sensor 9 and the measurable solid-like capo 4 of fourth speed sensor 10 exist
The vertical vibrating velocity of the point.Hand hammer 6 is nylon round end hand hammer, upper surface or lower surface for tapping sample column 4, triggers wink
State wideband vibration signal, produces stress wave on solid-like capo 4, and forms the standing wave of various patterns, is passed by First Speed
Sensor 7, second speed sensor 8, third speed sensor 9 and fourth speed sensor 10 measure various standing waves in solid sample
The rate signal for the vibration that post 4 is produced everywhere, and data Collection ＆ Processing System 12 is sent to by vibration signal transmission line 11.
Fig. 2 is refer to, the theory diagram of data Collection ＆ Processing System of the present invention, data Collection ＆ Processing System 12 includes
Filter circuit 121, precision differential amplifier 122, signal acquisition on-off circuit 123, ADC analog-to-digital conversions 124, microcontroller 125
And related detection, control and signal processing software；Filter circuit 121 and precision differential amplifier 122 be used to reducing noise,
Improve the stability of measurement signal；Microcontroller 125 is used to gather the sample vibration signal through ADC analog-to-digital conversions 124, and is sent to
Data processing is carried out on host computer 13 and analysis is calculated；The control signal of microcontroller 125 collection on-off circuit 123 is opened with closing
Close.Data Collection ＆ Processing System 12 has multiple passages, and microcontroller 125 can (First Speed be passed to multichannel velocity sensor
Sensor 7, second speed sensor 8, third speed sensor 9 and fourth speed sensor 10) signal carry out at a high speed adopt in real time
Collection, sample rate is 1MHz；Multi pass acquisition can show the various vibration modes of solid-like capo many places simultaneously, and high speed acquisition can
Ensure the precision and integrality of signal.Connected by USB interface between microcontroller 125 and host computer 13, initial parameter is set
Put, (First Speed sensor 7, second speed sensor 8, third speed sensor 9 and fourth speed are passed each velocity sensor
Sensor 10) data processing, analysis and display can be completed on host computer 13, realize the intelligence of the measurement of solid Young's modulus
Energyization.Host computer 13 uses computer in this application.
Data Collection ＆ Processing System 12 is cased in addition as modularized design, the system, its signal transmission interface with it is each
Connected between velocity sensor by vibration signal transmission line 11.The casing of system is shape metallic leak-proof structure, Rainproof moisture-proof, shielding
Interference, can flexibly select infield according to measure field environment.
The course of work of modulus measurer that the present invention is excited based on transient state is：
Solid-like capo 4 is vertically fixed on the support bar 2 of tripod 1 by retainer ring 3；With nylon round end hand hammer
6 gently tap the upper surface of solid-like capo 4, and transient stress wave (sound wave) will be produced in solid-like capo 4, and in solid-like
Roundtrip formation standing wave between two end faces of capo 4；Installed in the top of solid-like capo 4, away from top a quarter post
First Speed sensor 7, second speed in the extended planar of at strong point, 1/2nd column lengths and bottom resonance extension frame 5 are passed
Sensor 8, third speed sensor 9 and the collection solid-like of fourth speed sensor 10 4 vibration velocity in above-mentioned position of capo are believed
Number, the vibration velocity signal of collection is sent to data Collection ＆ Processing System 12 through vibration signal transmission line 11 respectively, in data
In collection and processing system 12, the processing of the vibration velocity signal circuit 121 filtered first of four positions is then poor through precision
Point amplifier 122 carries out gain amplification to it, is transferred to signal acquisition on-off circuit 123, by ADC analog-to-digital conversions 124 by mould
Plan signal is converted into data signal and is output to microcontroller 125, and USB interface is sent to host computer 13 (computer), and computer is adopted
Know method for distinguishing with spectrum analysis and vibration mode and carry out mode frequency measurement and data processing, obtain the fundamental frequency of sample vibration
f1, it is known that the density r and length l of sample media, according to formula u=2lf1, calculate propagation speed of the stress wave in sample media
Degree, according to formula E=ru2, calculate to obtain the Young's modulus of solid-like capo 4.
The instrument is the stress velocity of wave of measurable solid dielectric, and Mobile state survey can be also entered to the mechanical characteristic of dielectric material
Amount, is with a wide range of applications in fields such as engineering geology, civil construction, mechanical engineering and material science.
Herein, the involved noun of locality such as forward and backward, upper and lower is to be located at parts in accompanying drawing in figure and zero
The position of part each other is intended merely to the clear of expression technology scheme and conveniently come what is defined.It should be appreciated that the noun of locality
Use should not limit the claimed scope of the application.
In the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment herein-above set forth can be combined with each other.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of modulus measurer excited based on transient state, including sample are fixed and gathered with stress wave excitation device and data
With processing system；It is characterized in that：The sample is fixed includes sample fixing device, solid sample with stress wave excitation device
Post, hand hammer, First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, third speed sensor and fourth speed sensor；The solid
Sample column be arranged on sample fixing device on, the First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, third speed sensor and
Fourth speed sensor is separately positioned on the top of solid-like capo, at a quarter away from solid sample column top and two/
At one and bottom, First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, third speed sensor and fourth speed sensor difference
It is connected by vibration signal transmission line with the data Collection ＆ Processing System；The data Collection ＆ Processing System includes filtering
Circuit, precision differential amplifier, signal acquisition on-off circuit, ADC analog-to-digital conversions, microcontroller and related detection, control
And signal processing software；Filter circuit and the precision differential amplifier is used to reduce noise, improves the stability of measurement signal；
The microcontroller is used to gathering the sample vibration signal through ADC analog-to-digital conversions, it is concurrent toward carry out on host computer data processing with
Analysis is calculated；The hand hammer is used for the upper surface or lower surface for tapping sample column, transient state wideband vibration signal is triggered, in solid-like
Stress wave is produced on capo, and forms the standing wave of various patterns, passes through First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, the 3rd
Velocity sensor and fourth speed sensor measure various standing waves and produce the rate signal of vibration everywhere in solid-like capo, and lead to
Cross vibration signal transmssion line and be sent to data Collection ＆ Processing System.
2. the modulus measurer according to claim 1 excited based on transient state, it is characterised in that：The sample is fixed
Device includes tripod, support bar and at least two retainer rings；The tripod is placed on level table or ground, support bar
It is tightened in vertically in tripod centre bore by screw thread, solid-like capo is vertically fixed on tripod by the retainer ring
Support bar on.
3. the modulus measurer according to claim 2 excited based on transient state, it is characterised in that：The retainer ring
One end is fixed on support bar, and the other end is flexibly connected by annular metal thin slice with solid-like capo, enables solid-like capo
It is enough to be stably in vertical vacant state, it is ensured that solid-like capo is in free vibration state, it is easy to swashing for a variety of vibration modes
Hair.
4. the modulus measurer according to claim 1 excited based on transient state, it is characterised in that：The solid sample
At the top of post, a quarter away from solid sample column top and at 1/2nd and bottom is respectively fixed with resonance and extended
First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, the are respectively mounted from top to down in frame, the extended planar of these resonance extension framves
Three velocity sensors and fourth speed sensor；The vibration of the resonance extension frame plane is believed that with solid-like capo in the point
Vertical vibration be consistent, be fixed on resonance extension frame extended planar on the measurable solid-like capo of velocity sensor exist
The vertical vibrating velocity of the point.
5. the modulus measurer according to claim 1 excited based on transient state, it is characterised in that：The data acquisition
With processing system collection in an independent case body, there are four vibration signal input ports and a USB defeated on casing front panel
Outgoing interface；The First Speed sensor, second speed sensor, third speed sensor and fourth speed sensor lead to respectively
Cross the vibration signal input port that vibration signal transmssion line is connected to the data Collection ＆ Processing System；The data acquisition with
Processing system is connected by its USB output interface with host computer.
6. the modulus measurer according to claim 1 excited based on transient state, it is characterised in that：The hand hammer is Buddhist nun
Imperial round end hand hammer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710285836.4A CN107091878B (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2017-04-27 | Young modulus measuring instrument based on transient excitation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710285836.4A CN107091878B (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2017-04-27 | Young modulus measuring instrument based on transient excitation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107091878A true CN107091878A (en) | 2017-08-25 |
| CN107091878B CN107091878B (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| CN201710285836.4A Expired - Fee Related CN107091878B (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2017-04-27 | Young modulus measuring instrument based on transient excitation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023130554A1 (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-13 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Portable internal friction measuring apparatus and internal friction measurement method |
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| CN104849147A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-19 | 山东交通学院 | Modal natural frequency-based metal material Young modulus measurement device and method |
| CN205426685U (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 宿迁学院 | Young modulus measuring instrument of convenient experiment teaching usefulness |
| CN106053606A (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2016-10-26 | 田凯 | Experiment device and method adopting resonance principle to measure Young modulus of metal wire |
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2017
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| US4845989A (en) * | 1987-09-04 | 1989-07-11 | Titlow Joseph D | Method and apparatus for determining elastic constants in tubes |
| CN202814930U (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2013-03-20 | 浙江托普仪器有限公司 | Standing tree trunk Young modulus measurement device |
| CN104849147A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-19 | 山东交通学院 | Modal natural frequency-based metal material Young modulus measurement device and method |
| CN205426685U (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 宿迁学院 | Young modulus measuring instrument of convenient experiment teaching usefulness |
| CN106053606A (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2016-10-26 | 田凯 | Experiment device and method adopting resonance principle to measure Young modulus of metal wire |
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| Title |
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| WO2023130554A1 (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-07-13 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Portable internal friction measuring apparatus and internal friction measurement method |
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