CN107091621B - A kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system - Google Patents
A kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107091621B CN107091621B CN201710475337.1A CN201710475337A CN107091621B CN 107091621 B CN107091621 B CN 107091621B CN 201710475337 A CN201710475337 A CN 201710475337A CN 107091621 B CN107091621 B CN 107091621B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B13/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids
- G01B13/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids for measuring the deformation in a solid
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Abstract
A kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, belong to monitoring device technical field.The 3 D deformation measuring device includes being arranged at below earth's surface and at least two cylinder units for gathering horizontal displacement and be connected with the cylinder unit away from described earth's surface one end and the hydraulic device for measuring vertical displacement.The inside of the hydraulic device has accommodating cavity, and impervious barrier layer, pressure inductor group and permeable medium piston are provided in the accommodating cavity.The hydraulic device includes hydraulic column top, hydraulic column and sealing ring.Wherein, the hydraulic column top is fixedly linked with the hydraulic column, the hydraulic column stretches into the accommodating cavity and is connected with the permeable medium piston, and the pressure inductor group is arranged at the hydraulic column bottom, and the impervious barrier layer is arranged at the sealing ring lower end.The present invention can effectively improve the dimension and precision measured to deformation data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring device technical field, in particular to a kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system.
Background technology
In the monitoring process of rock-soil layer deep biosphere, generally use clinograph.Building monitoring system in real time
During system, stationary slope level can be selected and carry out long term monitoring.It is before monitoring system installation, it is necessary to certain in the probing of monitoring position
The deviational survey hole of depth simultaneously installs inclinometer pipe, has two groups to be led along slopes glide direction, vertical slopes glide direction in inclinometer pipe
To slot, inclinometer is moved to monitoring position in the guiding of its guide wheel and inclinometer pipe guide groove.Each stationary slope level passes through
Double-axis tilt sensor measurement changes at the inclination angle of its inclinometer pipe installed position, and passes through bench mark data and calculate the deviational survey
The relative displacement of position.
When designing fixed clinograph layout scheme, since the fixed clinograph of traditional design is by bearing
The limitation of structure, maximum deviational survey dimension is 2, the deep displacement deformation being merely capable of in measurement horizontal direction, it is difficult to be erected
The upward displacement data of Nogata.In addition, traditional fixed clinograph of two dimension needs the inclinometer pipe of collocation pre-plugged
It can use, be inconvenient in construction and installation；The quality and inclinometer pipe of inclinometer pipe, which lay state, can also directly influence deviational survey
The measurement accuracy of instrument.
The content of the invention
A kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system provided by the invention, installation is simple and convenient, and effectively increases pair
The dimension and precision that deformation data measures.
In a first aspect, a kind of 3 D deformation measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including being arranged at below earth's surface and
It is connected and is used for for at least two cylinder unit for gathering horizontal displacement and with the cylinder unit away from described earth's surface one end
Measure the hydraulic device of vertical displacement；
The inside of the hydraulic device has accommodating cavity, and impervious barrier layer, pressure sensing are provided in the accommodating cavity
Device group and permeable medium piston；
The hydraulic device includes hydraulic column top, hydraulic column and sealing ring, wherein, the hydraulic column top and the liquid
Compression leg is fixedly linked, and the hydraulic column stretches into the accommodating cavity and is connected with the permeable medium piston, the pressure sense
Device group is answered to be arranged at the hydraulic column bottom, the impervious barrier layer is arranged at the sealing ring lower end.
Preferably, the hydraulic device is internally provided with direct orbit card slot, to ensure that the hydraulic device is measuring
Will not twist deformation during dilatation.
Preferably, the pressure inductor group includes pressure transducer and the pressure being connected with pressure transducer sensing
Device, the pressure sensing device are installed on the opposite sides of the hydraulic pressure column outer wall.
Preferably, the lower end of the permeable medium piston forms a liquid storage cylinder, and medium fluid is filled in the liquid storage cylinder,
The bottom of the liquid storage cylinder is provided with cushion.
Preferably, the cylinder unit includes cross-bearing and two fixed cylinder connectors, described two fixed cylinders
Connector is attached by the cross-bearing.
Preferably, the cylinder unit is internally provided with sensor, processor, analog-digital converter and regulated power supply；
The sensor includes the double-axis tilt sensor being electrical connected with the processor.
Preferably, the sensor further includes the water-level gauge and acceleration transducer being electrical connected with the processor.
Second aspect, a kind of measurement system for three-dimensional deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including 3 D deformation measuring device
And the gateway above earth's surface with 3 D deformation measuring device communication connection is arranged at, which is used to summarize and send institute
The deformation measurement data of 3 D deformation measuring device acquisition are stated, and pass through the telecommunication transport module of the gateway by the deformation
Measurement data is uploaded to a data center server.
Preferably, the measurement system for three-dimensional deformation further include be arranged above earth's surface, for for the 3 D deformation survey
The power supply supplying module that device provides electric energy is measured, which is included in alternating current, solar powered and fuel cell
It is at least one.
Preferably, the measurement system for three-dimensional deformation further includes a stent, which is used to survey the 3 D deformation
Cylinder unit in amount device is fixedly installed on carrier to be monitored.
A kind of deformation measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention and system, by by hydraulic device and away from earth's surface one end
Cylinder unit be connected, be provided in the accommodating cavity formed inside hydraulic device impervious barrier layer, pressure inductor group and
Permeable medium piston, so as to add the dimension measured to deformation data.In addition, it is equipped in each cylinder unit
Sensor, processor, analog-digital converter and regulated power supply, and by after the deformation measurement data summarization collected by being arranged at ground
Gateway above table is uploaded to data center server, effectively increases the precision measured to deformation data.
For the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention is enable to be clearer and more comprehensible, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate
Appended attached drawing, is described in detail below.
Description of the drawings
It in order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore should not be viewed as pair
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of composition frame chart for measurement system for three-dimensional deformation that embodiment of the present invention provides.
Fig. 2 is the whole knot that a kind of 3 D deformation measuring device that embodiment of the present invention provides is under uncompressed state
Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a kind of section under uncompressed state for 3 D deformation measuring device that embodiment of the present invention provides
Structure diagram.
Fig. 4 is the overall structure that a kind of 3 D deformation measuring device that embodiment of the present invention provides is under compressive state
Schematic diagram.
Icon：100- measurement system for three-dimensional deformation；200- 3 D deformation measuring devices；300- gateways；400- power supplys supply
Module；500- stents；1- internal threads link；2- cables；3- inflated rubbers protective case buffers fixing groove；4- inflated rubbers are protected
Set；The cylinder unit one of 5- flexible joints；The cylinder unit two of 6- flexible joints；7- cross-bearings；8- flexible joint fixing bolts；
9- waterproof connectors；10- sensors and processor module；The unidirectional charge valves of 11-；12- hydraulic columns come directly towards；13- hydraulic columns；14-O types
Sealing ring；15- impervious barrier layers；16- pressure sensing devices；The two-way high sensitivity infiltration pistons of 17-；18- liquid storage cylinders；19- is sealed
Circle；20- bottom bumper pad layers；21- external screw threads connect；22- internal thread loose slots；23- is detachably connected orientation card slot.
Specific embodiment
When designing fixed clinograph layout scheme, since the fixed clinograph of traditional design is by bearing
The limitation of structure, maximum deviational survey dimension is 2, the deep displacement deformation being merely capable of in measurement horizontal direction, it is difficult to be erected
The upward displacement data of Nogata.In addition, traditional fixed clinograph of two dimension needs the inclinometer pipe of collocation pre-plugged
It can use, be inconvenient in construction and installation；The quality and inclinometer pipe of inclinometer pipe, which lay state, can also directly influence deviational survey
The measurement accuracy of instrument.
In consideration of it, the designer of the present invention is by long-term exploration and trial and multiple experiment and effort, constantly
Reform and innovation, have devised a kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system, can preferably improve the above problem.
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiments obtained without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined, then it further need not be defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing in a attached drawing.In addition, " multiples' " contains
Justice is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or integral；Can be that machinery connects
It connects or is electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be in two elements
The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, it is a kind of composition frame chart of measurement system for three-dimensional deformation 100 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.This three
Dimension deformation measuring system 100 can include 3 D deformation measuring device 200 and gateway 300.When it is implemented, the three-dimensional change
Shape measuring device 200 may be disposed at below earth's surface, and the gateway 300 is mountable to earth's surface the upper surface of.Wherein, the three-dimensional change
Shape measuring device 200 is connected by wired mode with the gateway 300 communication, to carry out data transmission.
In the present embodiment, the gateway 300 gathers the deformation measurement that the 3 D deformation measuring device 200 measures in real time
Data, and pass through a telecommunication transport module (such as GPRS, CDMA, 3G and 4G after the deformation measurement data are summarized
Deng) be uploaded to data center server and store and process etc..
The measurement system for three-dimensional deformation 100 can also include power supply supplying module 400, which can
For providing continual and steady electric energy for the gateway 300 and 3 D deformation measuring device 200.Wherein, the power supply supply mould
Block 400 can include at least one in alternating current, solar powered and fuel cell.
In addition, the measurement system for three-dimensional deformation 100 can also include a stent 500, when installing at the scene, the branch
Multiple cylinder units in the 3 D deformation measuring device 200 and hydraulic device can be transferred and are fixedly mounted successively by frame 500
On carrier to be monitored, such as deviational survey hole and drilling etc..
As shown in Fig. 2, it is that a kind of 3 D deformation measuring device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is in uncompressed state
Under structure diagram.The 3 D deformation measuring device 200 can include at least two cylinder units and a hydraulic device.Its
In, the cylinder unit and hydraulic device may be contained within below earth's surface.During implementation, the cylinder unit can be fixed on deep brill
On the hole wall in hole, for gathering horizontal displacement data.The hydraulic device can be with the cylinder unit away from described earth's surface one end
It is connected, for measuring vertical displacement data.
Preferably, the cylinder unit is fabricated using stainless steel material.It designs mechanical strength tensile strength sigmab≥
520MPa；Offset yield strength σ0.2≥205Mpa；Longitudinal modulus of elasticity (20 DEG C, KN/mm2)：193；Thermal conductivity (Wm-1·K-1)：(100 DEG C) 16.3, (500 DEG C) 21.5；Unit agent structure water pressure resistance >=1MPa.It so, it is possible to increase the cylinder unit
Resistance to chemical attack and improve its mechanical compression strength, huge pressure, pulling force, shearing force and other can be born
Deformation force etc..
In addition, further referring to Fig. 2, accommodating cavity is internally provided in the hydraulic device.In the accommodating cavity
It is provided with impervious barrier layer 15, pressure inductor group and permeable medium piston.In the present embodiment, the hydraulic device can wrap
Include hydraulic column top 12, hydraulic column 13 and sealing ring 19.Wherein, the hydraulic column comes directly towards 12 lower ends and is fixedly connected with the hydraulic column
13, the bottom position of the hydraulic column 13 is equipped with the pressure sensing device 16, the bottom of the hydraulic column 13 with it is described can
Permeating medium piston is fixedly linked.The permeable medium piston may be, but not limited to, two-way high sensitivity infiltration piston 17.
The lower end of the permeable medium piston forms a liquid storage cylinder 18, and the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder 18 is provided with cushion.In addition, institute
It states and sealing ring 19 is installed in liquid storage cylinder 18, the sealing ring 19 can be O types sealing ring 14.
Wherein, the permeable medium piston being fixedly connected with the bottom of the hydraulic column 13, Jie in the liquid storage cylinder 18
Mass flow body two-way during permeable medium piston pushing or upper pumping may only ooze, and reach hydrops region.And
The hydrops region increases as the permeable medium piston pushes the increase of displacement, the bottom position peace of the hydraulic column 13
The pressure sensing device 16 of dress can capture the pressure size of the hydrops sections bottom, the pressure sensing device therewith
16 are passed to pressure data in corresponding gateway 300 by the cable 2.
In addition, the permeable medium piston allow medium fluid two-way by, can with sedimentation or stretcher strain and
It moves up and down.It stretches or the displacement of compression is converted by the variable quantity of pressure.Under original state, the pressure sensing dress
It is zero to put 16 pressure signals received.
The hydraulic device is internally provided with direct orbit card slot, the direct orbit card slot can by each cylinder unit with
The hydraulic device is connected according to same direction, so as to ensure that have between the two of connection cylinder units it is consistent
Direction.Such as：It defines the direct orbit card slot and is directed toward Y-axis positive direction, be X-axis positive direction according to 90 degree clockwise.Institute
There is hydraulic device to be attached according to consistent azimuth direction so that each hydraulic device unit can be measured on its position
Angular deflection amount on X and Y-direction.
In addition, may be provided with circuit board in the cylinder unit with hollow structure, sensing can be installed on the board
Device, processor, analog-digital converter and regulated power supply etc..Wherein, the sensor is electrically connected with the analog-digital converter, described
Analog-digital converter and regulated power supply are electrically connected respectively with the processor, the regulated power supply also with the power supply supplying module
400 are electrical connected.
In the present embodiment, the sensor is used to gather the deformation measurement data of carrier to be monitored, the analog-digital converter
The analog signal that sensor exports is converted into digital signal, the processor gathers the digital signal of analog-digital converter output,
And the gateway 300 of earth's surface is transferred to, the gathered datas of all measuring units is sent to after summarizing at gateway 300 in the data
Central server.The regulated power supply is used to after converting the voltage of the power supply supplying module 400 output be supplied to described
Processor, to ensure the reliably working of the processor.
In order to obtain accurate deformation measurement data, the sensor may include double-axis tilt sensor, water-level gauge and
Acceleration transducer etc..For different application scenarios, monitoring requirements and monitoring content, different sensor combinations may be selected
Into sensor chain, the sensor in the sensor chain can re-start fractionation and combination etc..In the present embodiment, the bi-axial tilt
Sensor is standard configuration sensor, and the water-level gauge and acceleration transducer are optional sensor.
In detail, the double-axis tilt sensor is arranged in stainless steel hollow cylinder unit, is mountable to deviational survey hole
In, for measuring the deep deformation data on landslide, other monitoring carriers further include bridge, tunnel, dam and deep basal pit etc., simply
Mounting means is different.The two axial rakes sensor is arranged in deviational survey hole, is become for measuring the angle of the carrier to be monitored
Change value so as to calculate deformation displacement value, realizes the dynamic monitoring to deformation measurement data.Wherein, the double-shaft tilt angle sensing
The measurement range of device can make choice, such as positive and negative 15 degree and 30 degree etc..If in the cylinder unit as sensor chain
The measuring unit of bottom one, can set water-level gauge inside it, for measuring the waterlevel data of bore inner.
Wherein, the cylinder unit can include cross-bearing 7 and two fixed cylinder connectors, the fixedly connected part
One end be fixedly installed in the cylinder unit, the other end is removably connected to the cross-bearing 7 so that the cross-bearing
7 can be rotated compared with the fixedly connected part.Described two fixedly connected parts are connected by the cross-bearing 7, so as to
Realize the connection between two adjacent cylinder units.
In the present embodiment, two opposite through holes, Yi Ji are set respectively in the free end of described two fixedly connected parts
The both ends of the cross-bearing 7 set through hole respectively.
In order to limit the rotation between described two cylinder units, the flexible joint can be that two-dimension flexible closes
Section.In the present embodiment, two-dimension flexible joint tool is there are two degree of freedom, and the direction of described two degree of freedom is mutually perpendicular to, energy
Enough ensure that the measurement direction of described two cylinder units is fixed.Wherein, in mechanical structure, a for example component, spatially
It does not constrain completely, then it can be translatable on 3 orthogonal directions, the acceptable rotation there are three orthogonal direction, then just
There are 6 degree of freedom.Constraint increases, and degree of freedom is just reduced, if all movements of the component are all limited, that degree of freedom is exactly 0
(compared with the component that inertial coodinate system is static).Above two vertical direction that the two-dimension flexible joint can only be in the horizontal plane
Translation, all there are two degree of freedom.
Wherein, when manufacturing cylinder unit, internal double-axis tilt sensor has directionality (two phases of X, Y
Mutually vertical positive negative direction), to carrier to be monitored, such as come down, when carrying out deformation measurement, the usually main slip on definition landslide
Direction is positive direction, then the X-axis positive direction of the double-axis tilt sensor of all cylinder units upon connection should be with the main cunning that comes down
Dynamic direction is consistent.The cylinder unit for the sensor chain lowermost end being completed is considered as datum mark, then by every
A cylinder unit angle measures, and with reference to the length (needing to consider flexible joint length) of the cylinder unit 201, it can
Calculate the displacement changing curve with change in depth in the X direction.Calculating in the Y direction is same.In this way, it can replace
In generation, is used as the conventional method of mechanical guiding by inclinometer pipe notch, i.e. the system no longer needs in-site installation inclinometer pipe.
In conclusion a kind of deformation measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention and system, by by hydraulic device and far
Cylinder unit from earth's surface one end is connected, and impervious barrier layer 15, pressure are provided in the accommodating cavity formed inside hydraulic device
Strong inductor group and permeable medium piston, so as to add the dimension measured to deformation data.In addition, in each cylinder
Sensor, processor, analog-digital converter and regulated power supply are installed in unit, and will be after the deformation measurement data summarization that collected
Data center server is uploaded to by the gateway 300 being arranged above earth's surface, effectively increases and deformation data is measured
Precision.
It should be noted that term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to the bag of nonexcludability
Contain, so that article or equipment including a series of elements not only include those elements, but also including not arranging clearly
The other element gone out.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Also there are other identical elements in article or equipment including the element.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can readily occur in change or replacement, should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 3 D deformation measuring device, which is characterized in that including being arranged at below earth's surface and for gathering horizontal displacement
At least two cylinder units and it is connected with the cylinder unit away from described earth's surface one end and for measuring the hydraulic pressure of vertical displacement
Device；The inside of the hydraulic device has accommodating cavity, and impervious barrier layer, pressure inductor group are provided in the accommodating cavity
With permeable medium piston；The hydraulic device includes hydraulic column top, hydraulic column and sealing ring, wherein, the hydraulic pressure capital
Head is fixedly linked with the hydraulic column, and the hydraulic column stretches into the accommodating cavity and is connected with the permeable medium piston,
The pressure inductor group is arranged at the hydraulic column bottom, and the impervious barrier layer is arranged at the sealing ring lower end.
2. 3 D deformation measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hydraulic device is internally provided with
Direct orbit card slot, to ensure that the hydraulic device will not twist deformation when measuring dilatation.
3. 3 D deformation measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure inductor group includes pressure
Sensor and the pressure sensing device being connected with the pressure transducer, the pressure sensing device are installed on outside the hydraulic column
The opposite sides of wall.
4. 3 D deformation measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lower end of the permeable medium piston
A liquid storage cylinder is formed, filled with medium fluid in the liquid storage cylinder, the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder is provided with cushion.
5. 3 D deformation measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cylinder unit includes cross-bearing
With two fixed cylinder connectors, the two neighboring fixed cylinder connector is attached by the cross-bearing.
6. 3 D deformation measuring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cylinder unit is internally provided with biography
Sensor, processor, analog-digital converter and regulated power supply；The sensor includes the bi-axial tilt being electrical connected with the processor
Sensor.
7. 3 D deformation measuring device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the sensor further includes and the place
The water-level gauge and acceleration transducer that reason device is electrical connected.
8. a kind of measurement system for three-dimensional deformation, which is characterized in that surveyed including claim 1-7 any one of them 3 D deformation
It measures device and is arranged at the gateway communicated to connect above earth's surface with the 3 D deformation measuring device, which is used to summarize simultaneously
The deformation measurement data of 3 D deformation measuring device acquisition are sent, and pass through the telecommunication transport module of the gateway by institute
It states deformation measurement data and is uploaded to a data center server.
9. measurement system for three-dimensional deformation according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the measurement system for three-dimensional deformation also wraps
Include be arranged above earth's surface, the power supply supplying module for providing electric energy for the 3 D deformation measuring device, the power supply supply
Module includes at least one in alternating current, solar powered and fuel cell.
10. measurement system for three-dimensional deformation according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the measurement system for three-dimensional deformation is also
Including a stent, which is used to the cylinder unit in the 3 D deformation measuring device being fixedly installed in carrier to be monitored
On.
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| CN201710475337.1A CN107091621B (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | A kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system |
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| CN201710475337.1A CN107091621B (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | A kind of 3 D deformation measuring device and system |
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| CN108387190A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-10 | 郑州精图三维科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D liquid scanning means |
| CN110648504B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-12-25 | 中南大学 | Landslide disaster monitoring device and method |
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| CN101446486A (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-06-03 | 重庆交通大学 | Method for measuring vertical displacement by hydraulic pressure and temperature and device thereof |
| CN203924149U (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-11-05 | 苏州科技学院 | The wireless monitor early warning system of deep foundation ditch comprehensive parameters |
| CN104965462A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-07 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Sensing detection system |
| CN105300343B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-05-22 | 郑州双杰科技股份有限公司 | Tandem sequence section deformation monitoring sensing device |
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