CN107090295A - A kind of passivator for reducing agricultural land soil available heavy metal content and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of passivator for reducing agricultural land soil available heavy metal content and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107090295A CN107090295A CN201610092402.8A CN201610092402A CN107090295A CN 107090295 A CN107090295 A CN 107090295A CN 201610092402 A CN201610092402 A CN 201610092402A CN 107090295 A CN107090295 A CN 107090295A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of passivator for reducing agricultural land soil available heavy metal content and preparation method and application, the passivator includes：The zeolite of 100 parts by weight, the red mud of 60 120 parts by weight, the corn stalk powder of 20 50 parts by weight, the garlic bolt more than 0 to 20 parts by weight and the hydroxyapatite more than 0 to 10 parts by weight.The passivator of the present invention can effectively reduce agricultural land soil available heavy metal content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, in particular it relates to which a kind of reduction agricultural land soil available heavy metal contains
The passivator and preparation method of amount and application.
Background technology
With a large amount of exploitation of resource, industrialized fast-developing and various chemical products, agricultural chemicals and
Chemical fertilizer is widely used, and the pollutant containing heavy metal enters environment by number of ways, cause soil, especially
It is that farmland soil heavy metals pollution is increasingly serious.According to《National Soil Pollution Investigation publication》It has been shown that,
The point position exceeding standard rate of national soil always is 16.1%, in terms of land type, and arable soil point position exceeding standard rate is
19.4%；In terms of pollution type, exceeded digit of inorganic pollution accounts for the 82.8% of all super punctuation bits,
Wherein cadmium, lead contamination object point position exceeding standard rate are respectively 7.0%, 1.5%.
Cadmium, lead are to poison larger heavy metal element to plant and human body in environment.It is excessive in soil
Cadmium can suppress the normal growth of plant, and enter human body by food chain, except can cause human body it is anxious,
Outside slow poisoning, also with carcinogenesis.According to Ministry of Agriculture's rice and quality of item supervisory detection department pair
Rice safety findings of the survey show that the cadmium exceeding standard rate of rice has exceeded 25%, the rice of some contaminated areas
Middle cadmium content is up to 1.3mg/kg, has seriously exceeded the highest permissible levels of cadmium in China's cereal
0.3mg/kg.Lead is the non-essential element of plant, in endophytic continuous accumulation, plant can be caused to occur
The symptoms such as growth retardation, plant are short and small, yield decline.And lead can be made to all organs of human body
Into infringement, the development of influence intelligence and the growth of bone are embodied in, causes anaemia, hypertension, is broken
Bad renal function and immunologic function etc., even if reducing internal blood lead content, but impaired organ by treatment
Rehabilitation can not be obtained with tissue.Current China lead contamination phenomenon is very universal, with Lead Pollution in Soil the most
Seriously, the soil in many cities has all occurred in that lead contamination phenomenon, this be due to soil have absorption,
Accumulate the ability of lead.
Cadmium, the total content of lead element are referred to as the part that can be absorbed and used by plants in full dose, full dose in soil
Referred to as available state.Because available state is heavy metal form more active in soil, cadmium, lead are determined
To biological validity and environmental risk degree, therefore often with the bio-available Zn concentration of cadmium, lead in agricultural land soil
It is used as the extent of injury of the reaction contaminant to crop.
The existing method for being applied to repair farmland soil heavy metals pollution has：1. physical method, such as engineering are arranged
Apply (soil moved in improve the original, soil removal and replacement, deep ploughing are digged), electro reclamation and vitrification；2. chemical method, such as chemistry
Elution, redox, chemical passivation technology；3. biological method, mainly uses plant or microorganism pair
Heavy metal contaminants in soil are absorbed, extracted or fixed.
Soil restoring technology has obtained fast development in recent years, has emerged in large numbers large quantities of emerging technologies, but in mesh
There is also respective limitation in the preceding heavy metal pollution recovery technique used.As physical method is easily caused soil
Earth structure is destroyed, and the higher farmland for not being suitable for low concentration in large area of cost is repaired；Utilize biological method
Remove heavy metal in agricultural land soil and take oversize, cause shortage of land resource, it is impossible to meet agricultural production need
Will；The difficult point of chemical leaching is the selection of leacheate, has both met extraction heavy metal, and soil can not be damaged again
Structure, if leacheate chooses improper, it is likely that cause secondary pollution.
Chemical passivation recovery technique because its it is easy, quick, efficient the features such as, it is adaptable to repair large area weight
Metallic pollution agricultural land soil.The key of the technology is to select suitable passivator.Current chemical passivation is repaiied
The conventional passivating material of recovering technology mainly includes basic matterial, phosphorated material, clay mineral, Fe-Mn oxidation
Thing etc..But passivator is simply added, can be with the increase of applied amount to the component and structure of soil
Impact, change soil function.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of reduce agricultural land soil available heavy metal content passivator and
Preparation method can effectively reduce agricultural land soil available heavy metal content with application, the passivator.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of reduction agricultural land soil available heavy metal content
Passivator, the passivator includes：Zeolite, the red mud of 60-120 parts by weight, the 20-50 of 100 parts by weight
The corn stalk powder of parts by weight, the garlic bolt more than 0 to 20 parts by weight and the hydroxyl more than 0 to 10 parts by weight
Base apatite.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of passivator, and this method includes：According to provided by the present invention
Passivator proportioning will for prepare the passivator raw material mix, be reduced agricultural land soil effective
The passivator of state content of beary metal.
The present invention also provides passivator provided by the present invention available heavy metal in reduction agricultural land soil
The application of content.
The preparation technology of the passivator of the reduction agricultural land soil available heavy metal content of the present invention is simple, easily
In applying operation, it only can be prepared by by desiccation, grinding and mixing, greatly saved the energy, be applicable
Scope is wide, great market popularization value.In passivator preparing raw material selection course, focus on the utilization of resources,
Selected corn stalk powder, garlic bolt etc. are environmentally friendly raw material, can increase crop to a certain extent
Yield and raising crop quality, will not produce secondary pollution to environment.Passivator applying mode is easily operated,
Time of application is short, and the farmland soil heavy metals suitable for large area pollute, and can effectively reduce weight in agricultural land soil
The bio-available Zn concentration of metal, and the performance of agricultural land soil will not be changed, the soil after reparation can be used for agriculture
Industry is produced.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is, for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and to constitute a part for specification, with
Following embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.
In accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 reduces Changping District, Beijing agricultural land soil for the passivator of the present invention under different conditions of mixture ratios
The design sketch of available Cd content.
Fig. 2 reduces Changping District, Beijing agricultural land soil for the passivator of the present invention under different conditions of mixture ratios
The design sketch of Available Lead content.
Fig. 3 reduces Changsha, Hunan agricultural land soil for the passivator of the present invention under different conditions of mixture ratios
The design sketch of available Cd content.
Fig. 4 reduces Changsha, Hunan agricultural land soil for the passivator of the present invention under different conditions of mixture ratios
The design sketch of Available Lead content.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.It should be appreciated that
Embodiment described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not limited to this hair
It is bright.
The present invention provides a kind of passivator of reduction agricultural land soil available heavy metal content, the passivator bag
Include：The zeolites of 100 parts by weight, the red mud of 60-120 parts by weight, the corn stalk powder of 20-50 parts by weight,
More than the garlic bolt and the hydroxyapatite more than 0 to 10 parts by weight of 0 to 20 parts by weight；Preferably, institute
Stating passivator includes：The zeolites of 100 parts by weight, the red mud of 80-100 parts by weight, 30-40 parts by weight
The hydroxyapatite of corn stalk powder, the garlic bolt of 10-20 parts by weight and 5-10 parts by weight.
According to the present invention, the zeolite is the general name of the porous alkali and alkaline earth metal ions salt of family, naturally
Zeolite has nearly 50 kinds, occurs mainly with the low temperature hot liquid stage in magmatic activity late period, laboratory synthesis
Zeolite also has more than 100 kinds.Red mud is that aluminium industry extracts the waste residue discharged during aluminum oxide, with heavy metal
Absorption property, the particle diameter of the red mud is preferably smaller than 100 nanometers, it is preferred to use nano-level grinder is ground
Mill.Corn stalk powder is the powder worn into by maize straw, and garlic bolt is that Allium Sativum L was developed to the regular period
Young crops, the two can produce the organic groups such as sulfydryl, carboxyl and hydroxyl and heavy metal ion after degraded
Chelation is produced, available heavy metal content, and environmental protection can not only be reduced.
According to the present invention, the heavy metal can be lead and/or cadmium or an other common huge sum of moneys
Category, the present invention is repeated no more.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of passivator, and this method includes：According to of the present invention blunt
The proportioning of agent will be mixed for the raw material for preparing the passivator, be reduced agricultural land soil available state weight
The passivator of tenor.
According to the present invention, in order to improve the absorption property of passivator, preferably the raw material is crushed and mistake
The mixing is carried out after 30-40 mesh sieves again.
The present invention also provides passivator provided by the present invention and contained in reduction agricultural land soil available heavy metal
The application of amount.
According to the present invention, the application process of passivator is well-known to those skilled in the art, for example, should
Using can include：The passivator is applied in the heavy metal pollution agricultural land soil after turning over, carried out
Turn over again.Wherein, the method for the application preferably is selected from spreading fertilizer over the fields, row replacement and at least one of spreaded manuer in holes,
Applying the soil after passivator can re-use by the maintenance of short time.
According to the present invention, in following available heavy metal content range, the application effect of the passivator
It is optimal：Available Cd content can be 0.1-2 mg/kgs, and/or Available Lead in the agricultural land soil
Content can individually be passivated a heavy metal species for 0.5-10 mg/kgs, i.e. passivator, can also
Various heavy is passivated simultaneously, and described passivation refers to heavy metal being converted into by available state is not inhaled by plant
The invalid state received.In general agricultural land soil, the applied amount of the passivator can for 100-600 kilograms/
Mu.A kind of specific applying mode is：The amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields and the proportionate relationship of soil erosion spread fertilizer over the fields are every mu of soil
Apply the passivator no more than 600 kilograms, the applied amount of row replacement is 1/2nd of the amount of spreading fertilizer over the fields, is spreaded manuer in holes
Applied amount is 1/2nd of the applied amount of row replacement.
The present invention will be further illustrated by embodiment below, but therefore the present invention is not taken office
What is limited.
Raw material used in the embodiment of the present invention are all from commercially available.
The detection method reference of soil available content of beary metal in embodiment：Inductively coupled plasma matter
Spectrometry determines heavy metal in soil available state concentration, season sea ice etc.,《Environmental Pollution and Control》, 2008,30.
Embodiment evaluates passivator heavy metal contaminated soil of the present invention with available heavy metal deactivation constant
Repairing effect.Available heavy metal deactivation constant refers to available heavy metal content and blank pair in each processing
According to the result of group CK available heavy metal content balance, calculation formula is：
Deactivation constant=(CK groups available heavy metal content-treatment group available heavy metal content)/CK
Group available heavy metal content.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is chosen Changping District, Beijing farmland pollution soil and tested, and experiment sets 1 group of blank
Control group, numbering is CK, is repaired, dropped using the passivator of the present invention while setting 6 groups of experimental groups
Available heavy metal content in low soil, numbering is R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6, is amounted to
7 groups.Every group of experiment is repeated 2 times, and experimental result takes average value twice, therefore the present embodiment sets 14
Individual hillslope processes, the area of each hillslope processes is 1 mu, and each two cell repeats one group of experiment, and puts down
Equal data.
The applying mode of passivator is row replacement, and applied amount (thousand grams/acre) and application proportioning are as shown in table 1.
After the passivated processing of agricultural land soil, random acquisition soil sample carries out soil available in each cell
The detection of content of beary metal.2 Soil K+adsorption results averageds of experiment will be repeated in every group, obtained
In CK, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 soil cadmium bio-available Zn concentration be respectively 0.322mg/kg,
0.247mg/kg, 0.236mg/kg, 0.239mg/kg, 0.241mg/kg, 0.227mg/kg, 0.233mg/kg,
The bio-available Zn concentration of lead be respectively 2.36mg/kg, 1.57mg/kg, 1.48mg/kg, 1.53mg/kg,
1.50mg/kg、1.43mg/kg、1.47mg/kg。
Above-mentioned cadmium, lead passivation data are mapped, and (ordinate is available heavy metal content, abscissa
For experiment group #), as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.According to testing result, passivator of the present invention is pressed
Above-mentioned six kinds of conditions of mixture ratios handle farmland pollution soil, there is passivation to make heavy metal in soil pollutant
With.Wherein numbering R5 treatment effects preferably, respectively can to the deactivation constant of heavy metal in soil available state
Up to 0.30,0.39.
Farmland after reparation is used to plant through detecting after rape, harvest, the cadmium in rape edible portion
Content is 0.07 mg/kg, and lead content is 0.18 mg/kg, in the edible range of safety, is said
Soil after bright reparation can be used in agricultural production.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is chosen Changsha, Hunan farmland pollution soil and tested, and experiment sets 1 group of blank
Control group, numbering is CK, is repaired, dropped using the passivator of the present invention while setting 6 groups of experimental groups
Available heavy metal content in low soil, numbering is R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6, is amounted to
7 groups.Every group of experiment is repeated 2 times, equally, and to avoid the contingency of experiment, 14 hillslope processes are set altogether,
The area of each hillslope processes is 1 mu, and each two cell repeats one group of experiment, and average data.
The applying mode of passivator is row replacement, and applied amount (thousand grams/acre) and application proportioning are as shown in table 2.
After the passivated processing of agricultural land soil, random acquisition soil sample carries out soil available in each cell
The detection of content of beary metal.2 Soil K+adsorption results averageds of experiment will be repeated in every group, obtained
In CK, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 soil cadmium bio-available Zn concentration be respectively 1.683mg/kg,
1.137mg/kg, 1.136mg/kg, 1.128mg/kg, 1.115mg/kg, 1.074mg/kg, 1.093mg/kg,
The bio-available Zn concentration of lead be respectively 6.28mg/kg, 4.24mg/kg, 4.20mg/kg, 4.07mg/kg,
4.15mg/kg、3.94mg/kg、4.11mg/kg。
Above-mentioned cadmium, lead passivation data are mapped, and (ordinate is available heavy metal content, abscissa
For experiment group #), as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, according to testing result, passivator of the present invention is pressed
Above-mentioned six kinds of conditions of mixture ratios handle farmland pollution soil, there is passivation to make heavy metal in soil pollutant
With.Wherein numbering R5 treatment effects preferably, respectively can to the deactivation constant of cadmium in soil, lead available state
Up to 0.36,0.37.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is chosen Qujing City of Yunnan Province farmland pollution soil and tested, and experiment sets 1 group of blank
Control group, numbering is CK, is repaired, dropped using the passivator of the present invention while setting 6 groups of experimental groups
Available heavy metal content in low soil, numbering is R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6, is amounted to
7 groups.Every group of experiment is repeated 2 times, equally, and to avoid the contingency of experiment, 14 hillslope processes are set altogether,
The area of each hillslope processes is 1 mu, and each two cell repeats one group of experiment, and average data.
The applying mode of passivator is row replacement, and applied amount (thousand grams/acre) and application proportioning are as shown in table 3.
After the passivated processing of agricultural land soil, random acquisition soil sample carries out soil available in each cell
The detection of content of beary metal.2 Soil K+adsorption results averageds of experiment will be repeated in every group, obtained
In CK, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 soil cadmium bio-available Zn concentration be respectively 0.633mg/kg,
0.516mg/kg, 0.488mg/kg, 0.473mg/kg, 0.467mg/kg, 0.432mg/kg, 0.451mg/kg,
The bio-available Zn concentration of lead be respectively 4.37mg/kg, 3.72mg/kg, 3.51mg/kg, 3.46mg/kg,
3.16mg/kg、2.87mg/kg、2.91mg/kg。
According to testing result, passivator of the present invention is by above-mentioned six kinds of conditions of mixture ratios processing farmland pollution soil
Earth, has passivation to heavy metal in soil pollutant.Wherein numbering R5 treatment effects are best,
To the deactivation constant of cadmium, lead available state in soil respectively up to 0.32,0.34.
Comparative example
Three groups of 6 hillslope processes are chosen respectively in embodiment 1-3 to be tested, each hillslope processes
Area is one mu, and every group of hillslope processes repeat one group of experiment, and average data.
The applying mode of passivator is row replacement, and applied amount (thousand grams/acre) and application proportioning are as shown in table 4.
After the passivated processing of agricultural land soil, random acquisition soil sample carries out soil available in each cell
The detection of content of beary metal.2 Soil K+adsorption results averageds of experiment will be repeated in every group, obtained
CK (embodiment 1), R1, CK (embodiment 2), R2, CK (embodiment 3) and R3 soil
Middle cadmium bio-available Zn concentration be respectively 0.322mg/kg, 0.285mg/kg, 1.683mg/kg, 1.314mg/kg,
0.633mg/kg, 0.571mg/kg, the bio-available Zn concentration of lead be respectively 2.36mg/kg, 2.13mg/kg,
6.28mg/kg、4.56mg/kg、4.37mg/kg、3.95mg/kg。
The passivator of the present invention is can be seen that to agriculture from embodiment 1-3, comparative example and Fig. 1-4 data
The repairing effect of field soil is good, can effectively reduce the content of available heavy metal in agricultural land soil, and
Secondary pollution will not be caused to environment, the soil after passivation can be utilized in a short time.In addition,
The preparation method of passivator of the present invention is simple to operation, is adapted to large-scale promotion.
Table 1 is the passivator applied amount and proportioning of each hillslope processes of the embodiment of the present invention 1, and unit is thousand
Gram/acre.
Table 2 is the passivator applied amount and proportioning of each hillslope processes of the embodiment of the present invention 2, and unit is thousand
Gram/acre.
Table 3 is the passivator applied amount and proportioning of each hillslope processes of the embodiment of the present invention 3, and unit is thousand
Gram/acre.
Table 4 be each hillslope processes of comparative example of the present invention passivator applied amount and proportioning, unit be kilogram
/ mu.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of reduce the passivator of agricultural land soil available heavy metal content, the passivator includes：100
The zeolites of parts by weight, the red mud of 60-120 parts by weight, the corn stalk powder of 20-50 parts by weight, more than 0
To the garlic bolt and the hydroxyapatite more than 0 to 10 parts by weight of 20 parts by weight.
2. passivator according to claim 1, wherein, the passivator includes：100 parts by weight
Zeolite, the red mud of 80-100 parts by weight, the corn stalk powder of 30-40 parts by weight, 10-20 parts by weight
The hydroxyapatite of garlic bolt and 5-10 parts by weight.
3. passivator according to claim 1, wherein, the heavy metal is lead and/or cadmium.
4. a kind of preparation method of passivator, this method includes：According to any one in claim 1-3
The proportioning of passivator described in will be mixed for the raw material for preparing the passivator, be reduced farmland soil
The passivator of earth available heavy metal content.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, wherein, the raw material is crushed and 30-40 is crossed
The mixing is carried out after mesh sieve again.
6. the passivator in claim 1-3 described in any one is in a reduction agricultural land soil available state huge sum of money
Belong to the application of content.
7. application according to claim 6, the application includes：
The passivator is applied in the agricultural land soil after turning over, turned over again, wherein, it is described
The method of application is selected from spreading fertilizer over the fields, row replacement and at least one of spreaded manuer in holes.
8. application according to claim 6, wherein, available Cd content in the agricultural land soil
It is 0.5-10 mg/kgs for 0.1-2 mg/kgs, and/or Available Lead content.
9. application according to claim 6, wherein, the applied amount of the passivator is 100-600
Thousand grams/acre.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108435764A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-24 | 玉门龙川高科技发展有限公司 | One heavy metal species soil-repairing agent |
| CN109593530A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-04-09 | 河北德龙环境工程股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to adsorb multiple heavy metal cation passivator and preparation method thereof |
| CN109762573A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-05-17 | 江西夏氏春秋环境股份有限公司 | A kind of agricultural land soil microorganism-compound renovation agent of inorganic matter and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108435764A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-24 | 玉门龙川高科技发展有限公司 | One heavy metal species soil-repairing agent |
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| CN109762573A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-05-17 | 江西夏氏春秋环境股份有限公司 | A kind of agricultural land soil microorganism-compound renovation agent of inorganic matter and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170825 |