CN107086428B - High-peak-power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser and application method thereof - Google Patents
High-peak-power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power and a use method thereof. The two splitters split small beams of laser to access the optical fiber interferometer, and beat signals are accessed to a control circuit through a photoelectric detector, which controls the optical fiber phase shifter and the radio frequency amplifier. The frequency source drives a two-phase modulator; the narrow linewidth pulse laser is output after spectrum stretching phase adjustment cascade amplification of compressed spectrum; the control circuit continuously adjusts the phase of the optical fiber phase shifter and takes the phase shifter state with minimum beat frequency intensity; increasing the power of the second radio frequency amplifier, and locking at the minimum power point of the beat frequency intensity; the control circuit continuously monitors the beat frequency intensity and adjusts the optical fiber phase shifter in real time. The invention improves the maximum output peak power of the narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser and ensures that the narrow linewidth characteristic is unchanged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber laser, in particular to a narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power and a use method thereof.
Background
The narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser is one of the main light sources for laser radar, remote sensing, 3D imaging and other applications. The fiber laser has the advantages of small volume, light weight, good single-mode characteristic, high working efficiency, simple heat dissipation, long service life, high reliability and the like; however, due to the limitation of the fiber aperture, the maximum peak power of the output of the narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser is limited by nonlinear effects, mainly the limitation of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) threshold; once the laser output power reaches the SBS threshold, a strong backward laser pulse is generated, possibly causing permanent damage to the laser. The main methods for improving the SBS threshold of the narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser at present are that the diameter of the fiber core of the fiber is increased, the doping concentration of an active medium is improved to shorten the service length of the active fiber, and the like, but the maximum peak power of the reached laser pulse is still quite different from the maximum peak power of the solid laser; the SBS threshold of the laser can be improved by using a phase modulator to broaden the laser spectrum, but the narrow linewidth characteristic of the laser is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the limitation of maximum output peak power of a narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser by SBS (styrene butadiene styrene), the invention provides a narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power and a use method thereof, wherein partial optical signals are firstly split by an optical fiber splitter to serve as local reference lasers, main laser signals output by the optical fiber splitter are subjected to spectrum broadening by an optical fiber phase modulator and then amplified by an optical fiber phase shifter and a cascade optical fiber amplifier, the SBS threshold is improved by the laser spectrum broadening, and the maximum output peak power of the amplifier is improved; the amplified laser is subjected to spectrum compression through a second phase modulator, and high-power laser pulses with narrow linewidth are output. Through laser spectrum broadening, amplifying and laser spectrum compressing, peak power is improved, and meanwhile, the narrow linewidth characteristic of the laser is maintained.
The invention relates to a high peak power narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser, which comprises a narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source, an optical fiber amplifier, two optical fiber splitters, two phase modulators, an optical fiber phase shifter, an optical fiber interferometer, a photoelectric detector and a control circuit, wherein continuous laser output by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source is connected into a first optical fiber splitter and divided into two paths, a main path is connected into the first phase modulator, and the other path is connected into one input arm of the optical fiber interferometer. The main laser widens the laser spectrum at the first phase modulator to improve the SBS threshold, then is connected with the optical fiber phase shifter to adjust the laser phase, the output of the main laser is connected with the cascade optical fiber amplifier to improve the peak power, then is connected with the second phase modulator to compress the spectrum, finally enters the second optical fiber splitter, and the main laser is mainly used as output, and the small laser is connected with the other input arm of the optical fiber interferometer. The laser emitted by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source and the output signal of the laser are subjected to coherent detection in the optical fiber interferometer, the generated beat frequency signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector, the electric signal is connected to the control circuit, the control signal of the control circuit is connected with the optical fiber phase shifter and the radio frequency amplifier, and the control circuit controls the optical fiber phase shifter and the radio frequency amplifier to jointly realize laser spectrum compression.
The frequency source is a driving frequency source of the two phase modulators, signals output by the frequency source are divided into two identical beams, and the two identical beams respectively pass through the first radio frequency amplifier and the second radio frequency amplifier to respectively drive the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator, so that the driving frequencies of the two phase modulators are consistent.
The narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source is formed by connecting a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser with an electro-optic modulator or an acousto-optic modulator or connecting a narrow linewidth fiber laser with the electro-optic modulator or the acousto-optic modulator, and the laser emits continuous laser, and the modulator carries out amplitude modulation.
The first optical fiber branching device has a splitting ratio of 99:1 to 50:50, and the preferred scheme has a splitting ratio of 90:10 to 95:5, wherein most of light is output to the main path, and the small part of light is output end connected with one input arm of the optical fiber interferometer.
The two phase modulators are lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulators with the identical driving frequency, and the modulation frequency is 100 MHz-10 GHz, so that a better spectrum widening effect is achieved, and the signal processing is convenient and fast; the drive power of the two phase modulators has a ratio at which the phase modulation depth of the second phase modulator is equal to the phase modulation depth of the first phase modulator.
The first phase modulator is a modulator with an optical fiber pigtail and is used for laser spectrum broadening so as to improve the SBS threshold of the laser; the second phase modulator is a spatial light phase modulator to improve the laser destruction threshold of the modulator end face, and is used for laser spectrum compression and is restored to narrow linewidth laser.
The optical fiber phase shifter is an optical waveguide modulator, namely a Y waveguide, or an optical fiber device wound on piezoelectric ceramics (PZT), and the phase adjustment amount is larger than pi. Ensuring that the laser light entering the two phase modulators has a phase difference that is an odd multiple of pi.
The cascade optical fiber amplifier is a cascade two-stage or three-stage optical fiber amplifier, wherein the final-stage amplifier is a low-numerical aperture large-mode-field double-cladding optical fiber amplifier.
The second optical splitter has a splitting ratio of 99:1 to 90:10, wherein the laser with larger proportion is connected to the output end of the laser, and the laser with smaller proportion is connected to the other input arm of the optical fiber interferometer.
The application method of the narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser with high peak power comprises the following main steps:
step I, starting up
The narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source, the phase modulator, the cascade amplifier and the radio frequency amplifier are connected with a power supply;
step II, frequency source driven phase modulator
The electric signal output by the frequency source is divided into two paths which respectively enter a first radio frequency amplifier and a second radio frequency amplifier, and the two radio frequency amplifiers amplify and output the same power and respectively drive a first phase modulator and a second phase modulator;
step III, spectrally broadened pulse laser output
Opening a narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source and a cascade optical fiber amplifier, enabling continuous laser output by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source to be connected into a first optical fiber branching device, enabling laser pulses which are separated into a main path to be subjected to spectrum widening through a first phase modulator, enabling the laser pulses to enter an optical fiber phase shifter, adjusting laser phases, enabling the laser pulses to enter the cascade optical fiber amplifier, improving peak power, enabling the output of the cascade optical fiber amplifier to be connected into a second phase modulator, enabling the output of the cascade optical fiber amplifier to be connected into a second optical fiber branching device, and enabling most of the laser pulses which are used as output pulse laser to be separated from the second optical fiber branching device;
step IV, adjusting the phase of the optical fiber phase shifter to perform spectrum compression
The pulse laser emitted by the other part of the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source separated by the first optical fiber branching device and the other part of the pulse laser output signal power separated by the second optical fiber branching device are the same, and enter the optical fiber interferometer at the same time so as to facilitate coherent detection, the optical fiber interferometer outputs beat frequency signals obtained by coherent of two bundles of pulse laser, the beat frequency signals are subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector, the electric signals are connected into the control circuit, and the control circuit detects beat frequency and beat frequency intensity of the beat frequency signals, wherein the beat frequency of the beat frequency signals is the working frequency of the frequency source; the control circuit continuously adjusts the phase change of the optical fiber phase shifter to pi or +/-pi/2, monitors the change of beat frequency intensity, and when the beat frequency intensity is minimum, the phase difference of the two phase modulators is odd times of pi, and the second phase modulator performs spectrum compression on the incoming pulse laser;
step V, adjusting the amplification power of the second radio frequency amplifier, and further performing spectrum compression
When the beat frequency intensity is kept to be minimum, namely the state of the optical fiber phase shifter when the phase difference of the two phase modulators is odd times of pi, the control circuit adjusts the second radio frequency amplifier, gradually increases the amplification power of the second radio frequency amplifier, drives the second phase modulator, monitors the change of the beat frequency intensity, and when the beat frequency intensity is minimum, the optimal output power of the second radio frequency amplifier is obtained; locking the output power of the second radio frequency amplifier at the power point, and further performing spectral compression on the entered pulse laser by the second phase modulator to output narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power;
step VI, monitoring beat frequency intensity and adjusting the optical fiber phase shifter in real time
The control circuit continuously monitors the change of beat frequency intensity, when the temperature of the laser or external vibration is caused, the working phase of the laser is possibly shifted, the beat frequency intensity is changed, the control circuit adjusts the optical fiber phase shifter in real time, the beat frequency intensity is locked in a minimum state, the output pulse laser spectrum is compressed to the minimum, and the narrow-linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power is continuously output.
Compared with the prior art, the narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power and the application method thereof have the beneficial effects that: 1. the defect that the maximum output power of the narrow linewidth laser pulse is limited by the SBS threshold in the optical fiber amplifying process is overcome, the maximum output peak power of the narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser is improved, the narrow linewidth characteristic of the pulse laser is ensured to be unchanged, the peak power of the pulse laser with the pulse width of 100ns level and the pulse laser output peak power of about 200W can be improved to kilowatt level, the maximum stimulated Raman threshold of about 10kW can be reached, the linewidth can be controlled to be below 1MHz, and the high coherence performance of the laser is ensured; 2. the working phase drift of the laser caused by the temperature change of the laser and external vibration is monitored in real time, the optical fiber phase shifter is adjusted in time, and the laser pulse spectrum compression effect is kept in an optimal state.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method of using the high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser is shown in fig. 1, wherein the dashed arrow in the figure is optical signal transmission, and the solid arrow is electrical signal transmission. The continuous laser output by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source is connected into the first optical fiber branching device and is divided into two paths, 95% of light enters the main path to be connected into the first phase modulator, and the other 5% of light enters one input arm of the optical fiber interferometer. The main laser widens the laser spectrum in the first phase modulator, then is connected to the optical fiber phase shifter, adjusts the laser phase, the output of the main laser is connected with the cascade optical fiber amplifier, then is connected to the second phase modulator, compresses the spectrum, finally enters the second optical fiber splitter, 99% of light is used as output, and 1% of the light is connected to the other input arm of the optical fiber interferometer. The laser emitted by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source and the output signal of the laser are subjected to coherent detection in the optical fiber interferometer, the generated beat frequency signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector, the electric signal is connected to the control circuit, the control signal of the control circuit is connected with the optical fiber phase shifter and the radio frequency amplifier, and the control circuit controls the optical fiber phase shifter and the radio frequency amplifier to jointly realize laser spectrum compression.
The frequency source is a driving frequency source of the two phase modulators, signals output by the frequency source are divided into two identical beams, and the two identical beams respectively pass through the first radio frequency amplifier and the second radio frequency amplifier to respectively drive the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator, so that the driving frequencies of the two phase modulators are consistent.
The narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source is a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser connected with an electro-optic modulator.
The two phase modulators in this example are lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulators with identical driving frequency, the modulation frequency is 1GHz, and the proportion of the driving power of the two phase modulators is: the phase modulation depth of the second phase modulator is equal to the phase modulation depth of the first phase modulator at this ratio.
The first phase modulator is a modulator with an optical fiber pigtail, and the second phase modulator is a spatial light phase modulator.
The optical fiber phase shifter is an optical waveguide modulator, and the phase adjustment quantity is larger than pi.
The cascade optical fiber amplifier is a cascade three-stage optical fiber amplifier, wherein the final-stage amplifier is a low numerical aperture large mode field double-clad optical fiber amplifier.
Method embodiment of using high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser
The embodiment of the application method of the high-peak-power narrow-linewidth optical fiber pulse laser is the application method of the embodiment of the high-peak-power narrow-linewidth optical fiber pulse laser, and the flow of the method is shown in fig. 2, and the main steps are as follows:
step I, starting up
The narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source, the phase modulator, the cascade amplifier and the radio frequency amplifier are connected with a power supply;
step II, frequency source driven phase modulator
The electric signal output by the frequency source is divided into two paths which respectively enter a first radio frequency amplifier and a second radio frequency amplifier, and the two radio frequency amplifiers amplify and output the same power and respectively drive a first phase modulator and a second phase modulator;
step III, spectrally broadened pulse laser output
Opening a narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source and a cascade optical fiber amplifier, enabling continuous laser output by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source to be connected into a first optical fiber branching device, enabling laser pulses which are separated into a main path to be subjected to spectrum widening through a first phase modulator, enabling the laser pulses to enter an optical fiber phase shifter, adjusting laser phases, enabling the laser pulses to enter the cascade optical fiber amplifier, improving peak power, enabling the output of the cascade optical fiber amplifier to be connected into a second phase modulator, enabling the output of the cascade optical fiber amplifier to be connected into a second optical fiber branching device, and enabling most of the laser pulses which are used as output pulse laser to be separated from the second optical fiber branching device;
step IV, adjusting the phase of the optical fiber phase shifter to perform spectrum compression
The pulse laser emitted by the other part of the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source separated by the first optical fiber branching device and the other part of the pulse laser output signal power separated by the second optical fiber branching device are the same, and enter the optical fiber interferometer at the same time so as to facilitate coherent detection, the optical fiber interferometer outputs beat frequency signals obtained by coherent of two bundles of pulse laser, the beat frequency signals are subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector, the electric signals are connected into the control circuit, and the control circuit detects beat frequency and beat frequency intensity of the beat frequency signals, wherein the beat frequency of the beat frequency signals is the working frequency of the frequency source; the control circuit continuously adjusts the phase change of the optical fiber phase shifter to pi or +/-pi/2, monitors the change of beat frequency intensity, and when the beat frequency intensity is minimum, the phase difference of the two phase modulators is odd times of pi, and the second phase modulator performs spectrum compression on the incoming pulse laser;
step V, adjusting the amplification power of the second radio frequency amplifier, and further performing spectrum compression
When the beat frequency intensity is kept to be minimum, namely the state of the optical fiber phase shifter when the phase difference of the two phase modulators is odd times of pi, the control circuit adjusts the second radio frequency amplifier, gradually increases the amplification power of the second radio frequency amplifier, drives the second phase modulator, monitors the change of the beat frequency intensity, and when the beat frequency intensity is minimum, the optimal output power of the second radio frequency amplifier is obtained; locking the output power of the second radio frequency amplifier at the power point, and further performing spectral compression on the entered pulse laser by the second phase modulator to output narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power;
step VI, continuously monitoring beat frequency intensity and adjusting the optical fiber phase shifter in real time
The control circuit continuously monitors the change of beat frequency intensity, when the temperature of the laser or external vibration is caused, the working phase of the laser is possibly shifted, the beat frequency intensity is changed, the control circuit adjusts the optical fiber phase shifter in real time, the beat frequency intensity is locked in a minimum state, the output pulse laser spectrum is compressed to the minimum, and the narrow-linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power is continuously output. The peak value of the pulse laser power output in this example reaches 2kW.
The above embodiments are merely specific examples for further detailed description of the object, technical solution and advantageous effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the scope of the present disclosure are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high peak power's narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser, includes narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source and optical fiber amplifier, its characterized in that:
the optical fiber phase shifter comprises a fiber optical splitter, two phase modulators, a fiber optical phase shifter, a fiber optical interferometer, a photoelectric detector and a control circuit; the continuous laser output by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source is connected to a first optical fiber branching device and is divided into two paths, a main path is connected to a first phase modulator, and the other path is connected to an input arm of an optical fiber interferometer; the main laser widens the laser spectrum in a first phase modulator, then is connected into an optical fiber phase shifter, the output of the optical fiber phase shifter is connected with a cascading optical fiber amplifier, then is connected into a second phase modulator, compresses the spectrum, finally enters a second optical fiber branching device, the main laser is used as output, the small part of the main laser is connected into the other input arm of the optical fiber interferometer, the laser emitted by a narrow-linewidth pulse laser seed source and the output signal of the laser are subjected to coherent detection in the optical fiber interferometer, the generated beat frequency signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion by a photoelectric detector, an electric signal is connected into a control circuit, and the control signal of the control circuit is connected with the optical fiber phase shifter and the radio frequency amplifier;
the frequency source is a driving frequency source of the two phase modulators, and signals output by the frequency source are divided into two identical beams which respectively pass through the first radio frequency amplifier and the second radio frequency amplifier to respectively drive the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator.
2. The high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser of claim 1 wherein:
the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source is formed by connecting a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser with an electro-optic modulator or an acousto-optic modulator, or connecting a narrow linewidth fiber laser with the electro-optic modulator or the acousto-optic modulator.
3. The high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser of claim 1 wherein:
the first optical fiber splitter has a splitting ratio of 99:1 to 50:50, wherein most of light is output to the main path, and a small part of light is output end connected with one input arm of the optical fiber interferometer.
4. A high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser as set forth in claim 3 wherein:
the first optical fiber splitter has a split ratio of 90:10 to 95:5.
5. The high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser of claim 1 wherein:
the two phase modulators are lithium niobate electro-optic phase modulators with the identical modulation frequency, the modulation frequency is 100 MHz-10 GHz, the driving power of the two phase modulators has a certain proportion, and the phase modulation depth of the second phase modulator is equal to the phase modulation depth of the first phase modulator under the proportion.
6. The high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser of claim 5 wherein:
the first phase modulator is a modulator with an optical fiber tail fiber; the second phase modulator is a phase modulator of spatial light.
7. The high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser of claim 1 wherein:
the optical fiber phase shifter is an optical waveguide modulator or an optical fiber device wound on piezoelectric ceramics, and the phase adjustment amount is larger than pi.
8. The high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser of claim 1 wherein:
the cascade optical fiber amplifier is a cascade two-stage or three-stage optical fiber amplifier, wherein the final-stage amplifier is a low-numerical aperture large-mode-field double-cladding optical fiber amplifier.
9. The high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser of claim 1 wherein:
the splitting ratio of the second optical fiber splitter is 99:1 to 90:10, wherein the laser with larger proportion is connected to the output end of the laser, and the laser with smaller proportion is connected with the other input arm of the optical fiber interferometer.
10. The method of using a high peak power narrow linewidth fiber pulse laser according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the main steps of:
step I, starting up
The narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source, the phase modulator, the cascade amplifier and the radio frequency amplifier are connected with a power supply;
step II, frequency source driven phase modulator
The electric signal output by the frequency source is divided into two paths which respectively enter a first radio frequency amplifier and a second radio frequency amplifier, and the two radio frequency amplifiers amplify and output the same power and respectively drive a first phase modulator and a second phase modulator;
step III, spectrally broadened pulse laser output
Opening a narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source and a cascade optical fiber amplifier, enabling continuous laser output by the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source to be connected into a first optical fiber branching device, enabling laser pulses which are separated into a main path to be subjected to spectrum widening through a first phase modulator, enabling the laser pulses to enter an optical fiber phase shifter, adjusting laser phases, enabling the laser pulses to enter the cascade optical fiber amplifier, improving peak power, enabling the output of the cascade optical fiber amplifier to be connected into a second phase modulator, enabling the output of the cascade optical fiber amplifier to be connected into a second optical fiber branching device, and enabling most of the laser pulses which are used as output pulse laser to be separated from the second optical fiber branching device;
step IV, adjusting the phase of the optical fiber phase shifter to perform spectrum compression
The pulse laser emitted by the other part of the narrow linewidth pulse laser seed source separated by the first optical fiber branching device and the other part of the pulse laser output signal power separated by the second optical fiber branching device are the same, and enter the optical fiber interferometer at the same time so as to facilitate coherent detection, the optical fiber interferometer outputs beat frequency signals obtained by coherent of two bundles of pulse laser, the beat frequency signals are subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector, the electric signals are connected into the control circuit, and the control circuit detects beat frequency and beat frequency intensity of the beat frequency signals, wherein the beat frequency of the beat frequency signals is the working frequency of the frequency source; the control circuit continuously adjusts the phase change of the optical fiber phase shifter to pi or +/-pi/2, monitors the change of beat frequency intensity, and when the beat frequency intensity is minimum, the phase difference of the two phase modulators is odd times of pi, and the second phase modulator performs spectrum compression on the incoming pulse laser;
step V, adjusting the amplification power of the second radio frequency amplifier, and further performing spectrum compression
When the beat frequency intensity is kept to be minimum, namely the state of the optical fiber phase shifter when the phase difference of the two phase modulators is odd times of pi, the control circuit adjusts the second radio frequency amplifier, gradually increases the amplification power of the second radio frequency amplifier, drives the second phase modulator, monitors the change of the beat frequency intensity, and when the beat frequency intensity is minimum, the optimal output power of the second radio frequency amplifier is obtained; locking the output power of the second radio frequency amplifier at the power point, and further performing spectral compression on the entered pulse laser by the second phase modulator to output narrow linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power;
step VI, continuously monitoring beat frequency intensity and adjusting the optical fiber phase shifter in real time
The control circuit continuously monitors the change of beat frequency intensity, when the temperature of the laser or external vibration is caused, the working phase of the laser is possibly shifted, the beat frequency intensity is changed, the control circuit adjusts the optical fiber phase shifter in real time, the beat frequency intensity is locked in a minimum state, the output pulse laser spectrum is compressed to the minimum, and the narrow-linewidth optical fiber pulse laser with high peak power is continuously output.
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| CN112103758B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-04-01 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | High-power frequency doubling single-frequency laser generating device for phase modulation and demodulation |
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