CN107076211A - Cooling system for magnetic force cod - Google Patents

Cooling system for magnetic force cod Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107076211A
CN107076211A CN201580035145.8A CN201580035145A CN107076211A CN 107076211 A CN107076211 A CN 107076211A CN 201580035145 A CN201580035145 A CN 201580035145A CN 107076211 A CN107076211 A CN 107076211A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
flywheel
fluid
hole
cooling
stop part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201580035145.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107076211B (en
Inventor
D·G·吉纳
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Thermomechanics Co
Thermodyn SAS
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Thermomechanics Co
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Publication of CN107076211A publication Critical patent/CN107076211A/en
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Publication of CN107076211B publication Critical patent/CN107076211B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
    • F16C37/005—Cooling of bearings of magnetic bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12—Cooling
    • F01D25/125—Cooling of bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F04D29/058—Bearings magnetic; electromagnetic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
    • F16C32/0476—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of one degree of freedom, e.g. axial magnetic bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C39/00—Relieving load on bearings
    • F16C39/06—Relieving load on bearings using magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/50—Bearings
    • F05D2240/51—Magnetic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/23—Gas turbine engines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of magnetic bearing system (1), it includes the cod rotary flyweights (2) for being arranged so as to magnetically interact with the axial stop part (3,4) of at least one fixation.The system includes cooling fluid path (31), and it is configured so as to that fluid is sent into flywheel (2) along the flow direction being in substantially radial plane relative to the rotation axis (XX ') of flywheel (2).

Description

Cooling system for magnetic force cod
Technical field
The present invention relates to fluid-cooled bearing arrangement, and the Axial Magnetic Bearing including being cooled down by fluid stream in particular System.
Background technology
Typically, in this bearing, fluid stream (such as air-flow) is injected into rotary flyweights and the axial direction of cod In one or more air gaps between one or more fixed pedestals (fixed abutment) of bearing.Air-flow must be sufficient The calorie and the calorie produced that rubbed by the fluid viscosity of air gap produced with discharging by magnetic induction phenomenon.Ventilation loss table Show the loss of latter type.
When bearing arrangement is a part for rotating machinery (such as turbine or compressor), the required high flow capacity of cooling Gas, which is occasionally resulted in, sets up cooling fluid circuit, and the cooling fluid circuit is configured not only to cooling bearing system, also cools down machinery Other parts.
The cooling circuit can for example using the main fluid for flowing through rotating machinery and in the machinery naturally occurring pressure Difference is arranged in machine internal, or can individually be arranged by special cooling circuit, and it may use another cooling fluid (such as but being not exclusively air) and the generation system of special fluid stream.
In all cases, due to the yield loss of turbine (built-in system), or due to outside cooling system Input and use related cost, cooling flow directly produces economic loss.
In order to reduce the cost of cooling, cooling fluid flow should be reduced, while continuing to provide bearing or bearing arrangement The identical operation temperature of part.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to propose a kind of bearing or bearing arrangement cooled down by fluid circulating system, it allows having for bearing Effect cooling, that is, allow to eliminate the calorie produced by magnetic, electricity and ventilation loss, while using only the cooling fluid flow of reduction.
The present invention proposes to reduce the demand to cooling by reducing ventilation loss.
Generally, ventilation loss corresponds to the energy that cooling fluid is delivered to by rotary flyweights.The energy can be just, bear or Zero.
If the local velocity of flywheel is more than fluid velocity, flywheel promotes fluid rotary.Fluid is heated.Fluid and Speed difference between flywheel is bigger, and energy loss is more serious.
If local fluid velocities are identical with the speed of flywheel, do not rub, also without ventilation loss.
If fluid velocity is more than the speed of flywheel, and direction is identical, then fluid by flywheel transmit energy come Drive flywheel.
This shows to limit by reducing the existing speed difference at any point between stopping wheel and cooling fluid Or eliminate ventilation loss.
The General Principle of the present invention is preferably to be flowed on the direction of rotation (tangential direction) of stop part with injecting cooling at a high speed Body, to minimize friction loss.At referring to the tangential velocity of fluid for the stop point in front of by decanting point at a high speed The 50% to 150% of the tangential velocity of stop part.
The simple conservation of angular momentum for considering injection fluid especially shows, for given injection rate, is rubbed to reduce Wear mistake, be more effectively to inject fluid on the periphery of flywheel rather than towards internal diameter.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of magnetic bearing system, it includes being arranged so as to the axle with least one fixation The rotary flyweights of the cod magnetically interacted to stop part.
The system includes cooling fluid path, and it is arranged so as in the substantially radial of the rotation axis relative to flywheel Cooling fluid stream is sent to flywheel by streamwise in plane.
Fluid is injected into bearing arrangement so that one or more open sides of the fluid along flywheel are in flywheel and one Flowed in axial air-gap between individual or more axial stop part.
According to preferred embodiment, fluid is by the outer surface transmission towards flywheel.According to variant embodiment, fluid is by court Send to impact it to outer surface.According to another variant embodiment, fluid is sent towards outer surface so that Fluid is along the surface flow generally radially abutted with outer surface.
Outer surface refers to the surface for limiting the radial extension of flywheel.The surface can be one of cylindrical swivel surfaces Point, can be a part for the cylindrical surface produced by non-circular profile, or can with a part for right and wrong cylindrical surface, A part of such as blade assembling in annular surface thereon.
In this manual, radial surface refers to the straight line of the identical point by passing through perpendicular to flywheel axis and all axis The plane of generation.Axial direction refers to the rectilinear direction with diameter parallel.Axial surface refers to the straight line by being parallel to axis The part on the surface of generation.In fact, this surface is a part for cylindrical surface or cylindrical surface.
It is contemplated that variant embodiment, wherein fluid stream through stop part as being injected into flywheel and stop part In air gap, the outermost part without scanning flywheel.The injection direction of fluid is then arranged to the plane substantially in air gap In.For example, the angle between 70 ° and 110 ° of the axis formation of the injection direction and flywheel of fluid, between preferably 80 ° and 100 °.
According to advantageous embodiment, cooling stream is sent to flywheel so that at least one shock point of fluid on flywheel In, the half of linear velocity of the flywheel at the shock point is more than or equal to perpendicular to the velocity component of the fluid of radial direction, and And preferably larger or equal than 0.7 times of linear velocity of the flywheel at the shock point.According to advantageous embodiment, particularly When fluid is sent on the outer surface of flywheel, the tangential velocity (that is, the speed being perpendicularly to the radial direction) of fluid stream is more than Linear velocity at shock point, not only to limit the fluid friction caused by cooling stream, but also provides rotation to flywheel Mechanical energy.Shock point herein refers to the joint between the path of fluid and the surface of flywheel.The tangential velocity of fluid stream can With the local velocity rotated less than flywheel, particularly in fluid stream by making it be centered on the air gap between flywheel and stop part In the case of.The direction of fluid stream can by guide tube or hole by fluid towards flywheel move (such as through conducting element) come Apply.Total desired speed of fluid stream (can pass through the length in the hole especially by pipeline section or by the hole of fluid intake Degree), and applied by being applied to the Fluid pressure on the input of this some holes or pipe.
Advantageously, magnetic bearing system include by least one hole across at least one fluid stream guide, hole is close The outer surface opening of flywheel.Hole is configured along incident direction and cooling fluid stream is sent into flywheel, and incident direction exists Or inclination vertical relative to local radial direction in shock zone of the cooling fluid flowline on flywheel.
" close to periphery " refers to fluid contact outer surface or at least one edge on the surface.The incident direction of fluid Angle between the local radial direction of flywheel can be estimated as such as first approximation, pass through the hole in director element Exit draw at least one with the tangent line of guiding surface, obtain the joint of the line and flywheel, and estimate through friendship Angle between the tangent line of meeting point and the radial direction of flywheel.
According to advantageous embodiment, hole with the tangent direction of the outer surface of flywheel along substantially arranging.If periphery Surface is smooth, if then it is considered that at least one line tangent with the guiding surface in the exit in hole and weekly form outside flywheel Face is tangent, then the direction in hole is substantially tangential.Advantageously, hole is arranged essentially parallel to the sagittal plane of flywheel, that is to say, that Parallel to the plane of the air gap abutted with flywheel.More generally, it is believed that if tangent with the guiding surface in the exit in hole At least one line the flywheel intercepted by tangent line at 45 ° relative to the radial direction shape of flywheel to 90 ° of point angle, then The direction in hole is substantially tangential on flywheel.
According to preferred embodiment, conducting element surrounds flywheel.Conducting element preferably intersects with several holes, hole around part into It is angularly spaced from, and each close to flywheel opening.According to first embodiment, hole is substantially centered in the axial width of flywheel Centre.
According to second embodiment, at least one set of hole is substantially centered on air gap, and air gap separates flywheel and related to flywheel The axial stop part of connection.It is associated with flywheel to refer to that axial stop part is positioned to magnetically interact with flywheel.
Advantageously, bearing arrangement includes flywheel, and it is configured so as to and be individually positioned in first on the either side of flywheel Magnetically interacted with the second axial stop part.Conducting element can include two groups of holes, and first group of hole is substantially axially placed in the middle On air gap between flywheel and the first axial stop part, and second group of hole is substantially axially centered in flywheel and second axially On air gap between stop part.
According to advantageous embodiment, magnetic bearing system includes the cavity around guide, and it is suitable to be supplied with pressure Gas, and the radial outer end opening of two at least in the hole of conducting element is into the cavity.
The outer surface of flywheel can be in the simplest situations it is smooth, either provided with raised (relief) or Blade provided with the periphery in axial direction extending to flywheel.In the radial direction formation of these raised or these blades in flywheel Projection.
In certain embodiments, raised or blade can be only axially extending in a part for the axial width of flywheel. In other embodiment, raised or blade can be axially extending on the whole axial width of flywheel.
It is also contemplated that alternative, wherein, projection is located at least one radial surface of flywheel, raised at least portion Divide ground in the extension in the radial direction of flywheel.It is arranged on the outer surface of flywheel and/or is arranged in the air gap of flywheel and is winged These raised and/or blades on the radial surface of wheel are configured to facilitate drives flywheel to rotate by cooling fluid stream, particularly If the local tangential velocity of fluid ,-i.e. tangential velocity of the fluid relative to the orthogonal direction of flywheel-is more than and contacted with fluid The rotating speed of flywheel.
According on the other hand, the invention provides a kind of method for cooling down magnetic bearing rotary flyweights, the magnetic force axle Hold rotary flyweights and be disposed against fixed axial stop part rotation, or be arranged between two fixed axial stop parts Rotation, direction of the cooling fluid stream along fluid is injected into magnetic bearing rotary flyweights towards flywheel, and the direction of fluid is in phase For in the substantially radial plane of the rotation axis of flywheel.
At least a portion of the cooling fluid stream flowed in the air gap between runner and axial stop part can be obtained, and And journal bearing transmission is passed through, to cool down journal bearing.The acquisition for example can be by by between flywheel and stop part The space (itself is connected with air gap) of radial clearance and the stationary part of neighbouring radial magnetic bearing and rotatable portion Between the space of radial clearance connect and realize.Can also be by the radial clearance between flywheel and stop part with passing through radial direction magnetic The cooling duct connection of the fixed part of power bearing.The exhaust tube of cooling fluid is arranged in the outside of radial magnetic bearing certainly, With on the axially opposite side of fluid intake from cod, so as to allow cooling fluid pass through journal bearing circulation. Radial magnetic bearing can form the magnetic bearing with a part for the mechanical subset of Axial Magnetic Bearing identical.According to another Alternative, radial magnetic bearing can be the journal bearing in the distance of Axial Magnetic Bearing, that is to say, that pass through The journal bearing that 3rd rotate element is separated with cod, for example, belong to the journal bearing of the compression stage of rotating machinery.
Brief description of the drawings
Other purposes of the present invention, feature and advantage will be carried out from purely simultaneously refer to the attached drawing is provided by non-limiting example Following description become apparent, in the accompanying drawings：
- Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram along longitudinal cross-section of the bearing arrangement according to the present invention,
- Fig. 2 is the simplification cross-sectional view for the subset for belonging to the bearing according to the present invention,
- Fig. 3 is the simplification cross-sectional view for the subset for belonging to another bearing according to the present invention,
- Fig. 4 is the simplification cross-sectional view of the another bearing according to the present invention,
- Fig. 5 is the simplification view along longitudinal cross-section of the bearing modification according to the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, being assembled according to the system 1 of the magnetic bearing for rotating machinery of the present invention with geometrical axis On XX ' axle 5, including the rotary flyweights 2 being assembled on axle 5, it rotates integrally with axle 5 and is for example maintained at by nut 11 On axle 5, including the first axial axial stop part 4 of stop part 3 and second with the one of housing 9 of bearing arrangement, housing 9 is fixed 's.The system includes at least one radially gap area 32, and which defines in axle 5- or in the flywheel 2 around axle 5 The radial clearance of center portion point-between the stator component (such as stop part 3 or 4) of magnetic bearing system 1.These regions 32 allow Moved in axle+flywheel assembly and around non-contact rotary of the axle between the stationary part of flywheel.These regions 32 pass through The gas for being introduced into the gas line in these regions and also allowing discharge to be flowed in air gap 21 and 22.
Stop part 3 and 4 is arranged in the vicinity immediately of flywheel 2.Stop part 3 and 4 passes through the first air gap 21 and second respectively Air gap 22 and the axial separation of flywheel 2.
First stop part 3 and the second stop part 4 include electric winding, and the first axial stop is respectively facing for producing respectively Part 3 and the first and second magnetic fields for axially attracting flywheel 2 towards the second axial stop part 4.Balance shaft between two attractions Flywheel 3 is kept to ground and axle 5 is in axial location relative to the housing 9 of magnetic bearing system.
Housing 9 is made up of but it is also possible to be single type housing or by different numbers multiple housing parts 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d herein The casing member composition of amount.In shown example, a 9c and described axial wedge-shaped part 17 in housing parts respectively will In the axial location that second axial stop part 4 and the first axial stop part 3 are maintained at related to housing 9 and determined.
Housing 9 is penetrated by fluid service duct 8, and fluid service duct 8 leads to the pressurization space 6 of the periphery around flywheel 2. Space 23 in the adjoining environment that pressurization space 6 passes through conducting element 7 and flywheel, or the spaced radial between flywheel and conducting element 7 Radial separation.Space 23 in the adjoining environment of flywheel defines the gas volume that the excircle of flywheel 9 is immersed.Shown Example in, at least a portion of the excircle of the first axial axial stop part 4 of stop part 3 and second is also immersed in the volume.
The space 23 of the adjoining environment is also connected with the first air gap 21 and interstice 22.
Conducting element 7 guides the fluid being present in pressurization space 6, enables fluid to through the one or more of conducting element Individual hole 20 flows to space 23.Fluid of the hole 20 along centripetal direction self-pressurization in the future space 6 being located substantially in sagittal plane Stream is directed to flywheel 2.In this manual, axial direction refers to the direction of the rotation axis XX ' parallel to machinery.Radial direction Refer to perpendicular to axis X X ' and by axis X X ' direction.Cooling fluid stream 31 is represented by black arrow herein.Should Stream 31 is by fluid service duct 8, and then conducting element 7, through one or more holes 20, and impact flywheel 2, on the one hand rush The outer surface 24 of flywheel is hit, and on the other hand, impacts the radial surface 25 and 26 of flywheel.The radial surface 25 and 26 of flywheel The first air gap 21 and interstice 22 are axially limited respectively.It is contemplated that alternative, wherein cooling stream is in sagittal plane Interior side only impacts the outer surface 24 or only one or two radial surfaces 25,26 of flywheel up to flywheel.In latter In the case of, cooling fluid stream is referred preferably to regard it as just with each in comparable two radial surfaces of flow attack, with Just it is avoided as much as changing the longitudinal balance of flywheel.
Regardless of the shock surface on flywheel 2, radial surface 25 and 26 of the cooling fluid stream 31 along flywheel 2 flows, Until it reaches radially gap area 32.Gap area 32 radially from a center, cooling fluid can be directed to be fed to Other bodies to be cooled.
In the example shown, the fluid stream of one in the radial surface of flywheel 2 is flowed through (herein in left side, that is, to exist The fluid flowed on the surface 25 of flywheel) and then it is directed through radial magnetic bearing 12 that (it belongs to and the phase of Axial Magnetic Bearing 1 Same rotating machinery), to cool down the radial magnetic bearing.Rotating machinery can be processing gas or fluid turbine or Compressor.Cooling fluid can be fed to from cod 1 is in the radial axle that level is compressed or relaxed to identical with cod 1 Hold, or another level of rotating machinery can be sent to.Due to cooling fluid stream at least one table as described below in flywheel On face with surface at least one non-zero tangential speed component sent, and in addition, according to preferred embodiment, due to fluid Relative tangential velocity relative to surface is less than absolute velocity (in the fixed reference for being linked to housing 9 is marked), thus with flying The pressure loss of the cooling fluids of the contact of wheel 2 is less than conventional embodiment, wherein on one in the radial surface of flywheel of fluid Send in a generally axial direction.In addition, cooling fluid is heated than the cooling fluid in the conventional embodiment with comparable flow Less.This relatively low pressure drop and relatively low heating allow more effectively to reuse cooling fluid after cooling flywheel 2 Cool down other bodies.
In the example shown, from the radial clearance region 32 of cod, a part for cooling fluid, which is directed to, to be set In radial clearance 33 between the rotating part 12a and stationary part 12b of journal bearing 12, and a part for fluid is referred to Draw through one or several cooling ducts 13 along identical axial direction across the stationary part of journal bearing 12.These Passage 13 drills only on the limited angle part around axis X X ', and is not formed around radially extending of axis X X ' Gap.The fluid for passing through journal bearing 12 may then pass through the aperture 34 (pass through housing 9) of fluid discharge and from magnetic force axle System 1 is held to extract out.Bearing arrangement alternatively can also include radial ball bearing 18, to maintain axle 5 in the quilt of radial magnetic bearing 12 Relative to the mobility of stator case 9 during the stage of deactivation.
When fluid stream 31 reaches the flywheel 2 of cod along direction generally radially, in the level of air gap 21 and 22 Fluid friction effect at face reduces.If in addition, the directional structure vectorical structure that the fluid through hole 20 is reached is into outside relative to flywheel The local normal of perimeter surface 24 is obliquely directed towards, then the pressure of cooling fluid miscarriage 31 can aid in the rotation of flywheel 2 without Raw fluid frictional force, it will conversely tend to slow down flywheel 2 and extra calorie produced by fluid friction.
It is preferred, therefore, that at least some in cooling fluid shock point on flywheel 2, cooling fluid it is orthogonal Speed is more than or equal to the local linear speed of the point impacted on runner 2 by cooling fluid.
The point relevant with the velocity rate can be the point on the outer surface 24 of flywheel, or positioned at the first of flywheel Radial surface 25 or the point on the second radial surface 26.
Fig. 2 shows the conducting element 7 according to the present invention and the flywheel 2 according to the present invention in sagittal plane in a simplified manner In section.There is identical element in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, identical element is indicated by the same numbers.Flywheel 2 and axle 5 it Between border it is not shown in this Figure.
Conducting element 7 is stamped with several holes 20 herein, and each hole is put down in the average radial for example corresponding to figure midplane Symmetrically extend on the either side in face.Each hole 20 forms substantially straight passage, and channel direction is corresponded essentially to along flywheel 2 Direction leave the passage cooling fluid stream incident direction (being expressed as F).The outer surfaces 24 of direction F herein with flywheel It is generally tangential.Therefore, the speed of the cooling fluid of impact flywheel 2 can contribute effectively to transfer torque to flywheel 2.In Fig. 2 In shown example, it is assumed that the usual direction of rotation of flywheel 2 is clockwise.Can be by the cooling stream at the point M of flywheel 2 Incident angle α is defined to the arrival direction F and passing point M of the fluid on flywheel and axis X X ' radial directionBetween Angle.As in fig. 2 shown in the separating of arrow 31 of the shock point M on flywheel, the cooling fluid reached through hole 20 On the one hand and in the first step stream can flow around the outer surface 24 of flywheel, on the other hand, directly or in second step Direction flowing in rapid along the radial surface 25 and 26 of flywheel along axis X X '.
As shown in Figure 2, the outer surface 24 of flywheel can have a projection, coarse point or spine 27, which increase to The effect of flywheel rotation is driven in the presence of up to the thrust of the cooling fluid stream with tangential velocity component of wheel.This projection, Coarse point or spine can also be arranged on the first radial surface 25 and the second radial surface 26 of flywheel 2, or are arranged only at winged On the radial surface of wheel 2.However, the projection on outer surface 24 is with forming the projection on the radial surface 25 or 26 of flywheel Compared to being more readily formed, so as to the magnetic line of force in only slight interference flywheel.
In the example shown, the hole 20 of fluid stream is guided to be to surround flywheel 2 equably angularly along the direction of flywheel 2 Distribution.It is contemplated that alternative embodiment, its mesopore 20 is scattered in so that the distance between two continuous holes form a kind of figure Case, it from the angular variation of basic pattern by obtaining, rather than all holes are in identical distance each other.According to alternative reality Example is applied, hole 20 even can unevenly be distributed around axis X X '.In an alternative embodiment, cooling fluid can be made to flow through list Individual hole or only by one group of hole, all holes are all located at the Angle Position essentially identical relative to conducting element 7.
Fig. 3 shows another conducting element 7 according to the present invention and another flywheel 2 according to the present invention in footpath in a simplified manner Section into plane.
There is identical element in figure in Fig. 3 and above, identical element is indicated by the same numbers.
In the example depicted in fig. 3, the outer surface 24 of flywheel 2 is included in the smallest circumference radius R of flywheel 21With flywheel 2 Largest circumference radius R2Between the circumferential vanes 28 that radially extend.Blade 28, which has, to be configured to by through via 20 and along side The geometry of the rotation of driving flywheel 2 is improved to the cooling fluid stream of the outer surface 24 of F impact flywheels.If it is considered that point Shock points of the M as cooling fluid stream on runner 2, then impact direction F and local radial directionBetween angle [alpha] It is more than 90 ° herein, that is to say, that mean profiles of the impact direction F of fluid not exclusively with flywheel is tangent, and direction F The center of " sensing " flywheel 2, this contribute to radial surface of the cooling fluid along flywheel in the first and second air gaps 21 and 22 (not Figure 3 illustrates) in, and flowed in the discharge direction of the cooling fluid.In the embodiment of fig. 2, the value of angle [alpha] connects Nearly 90 °, thus improve the driving of the rotation effect of flywheel.
It therefore, it can distinguish two embodiments, each embodiment has the geometric form associated with flywheel 2 with conducting element 7 The advantage of shape.In the first alternative, the direction in hole 20 make it that the direction F and axis X X ' of fluid stream circle are tangent, the circle Radius be included in the circumference least radius R of flywheel 21With largest circumference radius R2Between.Then, for around the outer of flywheel The fluid that perimeter surface 24 flows, is maximized by the driving effect of fluid stream.
In another embodiment, the direction in hole 20 causes the axis X X ' tangent with flow direction F circle has to be less than to fly The least radius R of the outer surface 24 of wheel1Radius.Second alternative helps axially to abut in air gap 21 and 22 The flowing of flywheel 2, and the fluid friction by cooling fluid on the radial surface 24 and 25 of flywheel in appropriate circumstances And help to drive the rotation of flywheel.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the diagrams of this second embodiment.
Fig. 4 is shown according to the 3rd conducting element 7 of the present invention and associated flywheel 2 in a simplified manner.In showing for Fig. 4 In example, flywheel 2 is illustrated at its first radial surface 25 with forward sight.The radial surface 25 is provided with lateral blade 29, and it is just The rotation of flywheel 2 is driven in a part for the cooling fluid stream by flowing through the first air gap 21.This blade 29 can be such as By the radius R on the excircle of flywheel 2 and flywheel radial surface3Inner boundary between the short rib-like that extends limit It is fixed.The axial width of these blades keeps moderate, not disturb flywheel 2 and axial stop part 3 and 4 (not to show in Fig. 4 as far as possible Go out) between magnetic interaction.
In order to be conducive to the radial surface 25 and 26 by flywheel 2 to cool down flywheel 2, it is possible to each angle position in hole Put place as shown in Figure 5 provide two parallel holes 20a and 20b, come replace in single hole 20, hole 20a and 20b each substantially It is open respectively for the first air gap 21 and interstice 22.
Fig. 5 shows this embodiment with simplification view in axial cross section.Have in Figure 5 identical with accompanying drawing above Element, identical element is indicated by the same numbers.Two parallel holes 20a and 20b as shown in Figure 5, or around axle A series of two holes 20a and 20b that line XX ' is angularly spaced, substantially respectively for the first air gap 21 and the second gas Gap 22 is open.In the example depicted in fig. 5, in hole 20a and 20b the axial width of each (i.e. along axis X X ') is less than Axial distance between the first axial axial stop part of stop part 3 and second.In other words, each in hole 20a and 20b Axial width is less than the axial width of flywheel 2.Each in hole 20a and 20b is substantially respectively in the first air gap 21 and second It is placed in the middle on air gap 22.It is contemplated that variant embodiment, its mesopore 20a and 20b be not strictly placed in the middle on air gap, but two holes 20a and 20b is arranged symmetrically relative to the radial mid-plane for separating two air gaps 21 and 22, and two holes 20a and 20b are each It is relative with one in air gap at least in part from being arranged to.
Due to the cooling fluid circulation system according to the present invention, being flowed by cooling at flywheel 2 and axial stop part 3 and 4 Temperature rise is reduced caused by the fluid friction of body.Therefore the amount for the calorie to be removed is reduced, in order to ensure magnetic force axle Cooling fluid flow necessary to holding the given temperature of system also reduces.In some cases, from completing cold in the axial direction But the conventional configurations of fluid injection allow axial direction to the way of the construction for completing injection in a radial plane according to the present invention The thermal power discharged at bearing halves.
The gas or cooling fluid injected at fluid service duct 8 is preferably cold fluid, such as with 10 DEG C to 50 The gas of temperature between DEG C.For typical case's application of cod, such as cod of compressor, around conducting element 7 The pressure of cooling fluid at pressurization space 6 can be the order of magnitude of 2 to 3 bars.Then the outside of conducting element 7 can be limited to Space 23 in obtained in the exit in hole 20 cooling fluid pressure for example between 1 to 2 bar and for example 150 to 350 meters/ Second between fluid-flow rate and wash flywheel 2.
Advantageously, the thickness of air gap be configured so that reach axle 5 near cooling fluid pressure preferably still above 1 Bar, for example, at least more than 1.2 bars.This superpressure relative to atmospheric pressure can allow cooling fluid spontaneously to hull outside Discharge, or using the fluid come other members of other elements for cooling bearing system or the component for being incorporated to bearing arrangement Part.
The invention is not restricted to described exemplary embodiment, and many modifications can be resolved into.Retouched above as hole The injection channel stated can not be straight line, and can be by the punching of the machining by can for example be carried out in casting Other technologies realize.
The outer surface 24 of flywheel can include the projection or blade with flywheel into monoblock, or can include add ons With ' surface windward ' of the outer surface for improving flywheel.The circumferential surface can also be smooth.It is contemplated that using alternatively The stream of embodiment, wherein gas or cooling fluid is brought on flywheel in substantially radial direction, and the arrival direction of fluid is not Strict radial direction, but be for example included in relative to radial direction in the angle between 0 to 15 °.If the alternative Flywheel can hardly be driven to rotate, then it allows at least to reduce the fluid friction between cooling fluid and flywheel.
An axial stop part associated with flywheel can only be included according to the magnetic bearing system of the present invention, for example, existed In the case of system with vertical-rotation-axis.According to the magnetic bearing system of the present invention for such as pump, turbine and pressure The system of contracting machine is particularly advantageous, and these systems are initially cooled down by circulation of fluid.Can according to the magnetic bearing system of the present invention With applied to any magnetic force systems, for the axial location of the determination of the rotation axis of any mechanical system of maintenance.Cooling stream Body loop can be dedicated only to the cooling of cod flywheel and the cooling of one or more associated stop parts, without Then recovery fluid carrys out other elements for cooling bearing or associated mechanical system.
Two groups of injection channels 20 being used alternatingly depending on direction of rotation are contemplated that into for being designed to around axis The system indistinguishably operated on XX ' one or the other direction of rotation, every group of injection channel has opposite with flywheel 2 Fluid incident angle.It is also contemplated that being arranged in the hole or injection channel 20 in the radial direction of flywheel.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of magnetic bearing system (1), it includes being arranged so as to axial stop part (3,4) magnetic with least one fixation The rotatable flywheel of cod (2) of ground interaction, it is characterised in that the system includes cooling fluid path (31), It is arranged so as to the flow direction being in along the rotation axis (XX ') relative to the flywheel (2) in substantially radial plane (F) fluid is sent to the flywheel (2).
2. magnetic bearing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it includes what is passed through by least one hole (20) At least one fluid stream guide (7), outer surface (24) of the hole close to the flywheel (2) is open, hole (20) structure Cause so as to along the local radial direction for being transversely or obliquely relative to the flywheelIncident direction by the stream Body (31) is sent on the flywheel (2).
3. magnetic bearing system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the fluid stream guide (7) is around described Flywheel (2), the magnetic conductance part is passed through by several holes (20), and the hole (20) is angularly distributed around part and each leisure is described flies The neighbouring opening of (20) is taken turns, essentially identical incidence angle is followed relative to the flywheel (2).
4. the bearing arrangement described in one in claim 2 to 3, it is characterised in that the hole (20) is substantially placed in the middle In the centre of the axial width of the flywheel (2).
5. the bearing arrangement described in one in claim 2 to 4, it is characterised in that at least one set of hole (20a, 20b) base On the air gap (21,22) that the flywheel (2) is centered in sheet between the axial stop part (3,4) associated with the flywheel.
6. bearing arrangement according to claim 5, it is characterised in that including flywheel (2), it is arranged to and is individually positioned in The first axial stop part (3) and the second axial stop part (4) on the either side of the flywheel magnetically interact, conducting element (7) two groups of holes (20a, 20b) are included, first group of hole (20a) is substantially axially centered in the flywheel (2) and the first axle To on the air gap (21) between stop part (3), and second group of hole (20b) is substantially axially centered in the flywheel (2) On the air gap (22) between the second axial stop part (4).
7. the magnetic bearing system described in one in claim 2 to 6, it is characterised in that the flywheel it is described outer Perimeter surface (24) is provided with the projection (27) extended along the axial direction (XX ') of the flywheel or blade (28).
8. one kind cooling magnetic bearing rotary flyweights (2) method, the magnetic bearing rotary flyweights (2) be arranged for against Fixed axial stop part or the rotation between two fixed axial stop parts (3,4), wherein cooling fluid stream (31) edge Rotation axis (XX ') relative to the flywheel is in flow direction (F) in plane generally radially towards the flywheel (2) inject.
9. the method for the cooling magnetic bearing according to preceding claims, it is characterised in that the cooling stream (31) is sent out Be sent on the flywheel so that at least one shock point (M) place of fluid on the flywheel, the fluid perpendicular to radially The velocity component in direction ((M)) is more than or equal to the half for the linear velocity that the flywheel at shock point (M) place rotates, and preferably 0.7 times of ground greater than or equal to the linear velocity of the rotation of the flywheel at the shock point.
10. the method for the cooling magnetic bearing described in one in claim 8 or 9, it is characterised in that in the flywheel At least a portion of the cooling fluid (21,22) flowed in air gap between axial stop part (3,4), which is obtained and sent, wears Journal bearing (12) is crossed, to cool down the journal bearing (12).
CN201580035145.8A 2014-06-27 2015-06-25 Cooling system for magnetic axial bearing Active CN107076211B (en)

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FR1456060 2014-06-27
FR1456060A FR3022963B1 (en) 2014-06-27 2014-06-27 COOLING SYSTEM FOR MAGNETIC AXIAL BEARING
PCT/EP2015/064349 WO2015197750A1 (en) 2014-06-27 2015-06-25 A cooling system for magnetic axial bearing

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AU2015279199A1 (en) 2017-01-05
RU2016149079A (en) 2018-07-27
US10718382B2 (en) 2020-07-21
SA516380599B1 (en) 2021-08-19
FR3022963A1 (en) 2016-01-01
JP2017522508A (en) 2017-08-10
FR3022963B1 (en) 2016-11-11
BR112016030523B1 (en) 2021-12-21
JP6765973B2 (en) 2020-10-07
KR20170039656A (en) 2017-04-11
CA2952533A1 (en) 2015-12-30
BR112016030523A2 (en) 2017-08-22
US20170152893A1 (en) 2017-06-01
WO2015197750A1 (en) 2015-12-30
KR102346384B1 (en) 2022-01-04
RU2699625C2 (en) 2019-09-06
CA2952533C (en) 2023-03-28
BR112016030523A8 (en) 2021-06-29
RU2016149079A3 (en) 2018-11-27
CN107076211B (en) 2019-12-24

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