CN107072107B - Liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigerating system of data center and control method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigerating system of data center and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107072107B CN107072107B CN201611237860.2A CN201611237860A CN107072107B CN 107072107 B CN107072107 B CN 107072107B CN 201611237860 A CN201611237860 A CN 201611237860A CN 107072107 B CN107072107 B CN 107072107B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/20718—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant
- H05K7/20745—Forced ventilation of a gaseous coolant within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. by air conditioning device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
- H05K7/20827—Liquid cooling with phase change within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. air conditioning devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid-gas double-channel accurate high-efficiency refrigerating system of a data center and a control method thereof, wherein the system comprises a data center micro-module machine room, a liquid cooling channel refrigerating system and an air cooling channel refrigerating system, and also comprises a cold source backup bypass system, wherein the cold source backup bypass system is connected with the liquid cooling channel refrigerating system and the air cooling channel refrigerating system and is used for switching cooling mediums of the liquid cooling channel refrigerating system and the air cooling channel refrigerating system; according to the method, the control system of the liquid cooling channel refrigeration system is used for controlling and adjusting the bypass first electric valve, the bypass second electric valve, the liquid cooling first electric valve, the liquid cooling second electric valve, the air cooling first electric valve and the air cooling second electric valve according to the liquid-air double-channel refrigeration load demand and the environmental temperature change, so that backup switching of cooling media on the cold source side of the liquid-air double-channel refrigeration system is realized. The invention has high reliability, safety and cold source cooperative control performance, and can avoid a large number of server downtime caused by single equipment or single refrigeration system faults.
Description
Technical Field
The patent belongs to the technical field of server equipment refrigeration, and particularly relates to a liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration system of a data center and a control method thereof.
Background
The large data center plays an important role in globalization and informatization development processes, is an important infrastructure of industries such as telecommunication, internet and finance, and is an important informatization foundation for promoting network national strategies in various countries.
In recent years, with the accelerated development of the internet, cloud computing and big data industry, the construction pace of global data centers is obviously accelerated, the total quantity is over 300 ten thousand, and the market scale is over 1060 hundred million yuan in 2018. Meanwhile, according to statistics, the annual power consumption of the data center accounts for 1.5% -2% of the total global power consumption, and the cap with the large power consumption is always carried with the cap, so that a large amount of resources are consumed, and meanwhile, the problems of prominent heat island effect, large construction investment, low machine room utilization rate and the like are all the international problems to be overcome in the energy saving field of the data center. In terms of energy consumption, most PUE of the data center is above 2.0, and high energy consumption and high waste exist; in the aspect of reliability, as the traditional air cooling technology has the problem of uneven cold distribution in a machine room, the heat island effect of the machine room is prominent, and the computer server is halted and important business data is lost under severe conditions; in terms of resource utilization, the data center single rack installed power is set to 3kW-5kW, and the service capacity carried by a single rack is extremely low due to the refrigeration bottleneck of the pure air cooling technology. Along with the improvement of the integration level of electronic components, the volume of the electronic components is continuously reduced, the performance is continuously improved, the functional density of chips is also increasingly higher, and the traditional air cooling (air cooling) heat dissipation mode has high energy consumption and low heat exchange efficiency and can not meet the increasing heat dissipation requirement.
The liquid cooling technology provides a new solution for heat dissipation of high heat flux density electronic devices with high heat dissipation efficiency and low energy consumption, and has been developed and applied in various fields of data centers, servers, personal PCs and the like. However, several liquid cooling technologies are mainly aimed at IT equipment, and have the following problems:
a direct water cooling technology is a liquid cooling technology which directly connects water flow to the upper part of a heat dissipation element such as a CPU (central processing unit) of a server main board and a memory. Because the water flow of the direct water cooling technology is led to the upper parts of the components such as a main board CPU and the like, the potential safety hazard of water flow leakage on the structure exists, and the risks of the water flow leakage are further increased due to the fact that the water guide pipe is too small and the driving pressure is required to be large. The server architecture applying the technology needs to be greatly customized and developed, a series of water cooling plates and flow guiding pipes are added, the process is complex, the maintainability is low, and the initial investment is high.
One immersion technique is a liquid cooling technique in which a server motherboard is immersed in an insulating liquid. Because the server main board of the immersion technology is placed in the liquid dielectric medium, potential coupling is possible between high-frequency components of the main board, electromagnetic compatibility of the main board is affected, and convenience in maintenance is affected, the technology is not industrially popularized and test optimization is required for years. And the immersed liquid cooling technology also has the problems of large initial investment, complex process, poor maintainability and the like.
The heat pipe indirect liquid cooling technology has the advantages that the heat pipe indirect liquid cooling technology adopts the water cooling type heat pipe radiator to absorb the heat productivity of the core part of the server, water (or other refrigerants) is restrained in a concentrated cold plate and does not reach the main board of the server, the safety is high, the water cooling type heat pipe radiator is not contacted or is not close to high-frequency pins, circuits, capacity and the like of the main board of the server, the electromagnetic compatibility of the main board is not affected, the server framework is not required to be greatly improved, and the maintenance is simple and convenient, so that the heat pipe indirect liquid cooling technology has great advantages compared with other liquid cooling technologies. However, the indirect liquid cooling technology of the heat pipe is difficult to take away all heat of the server due to the manufacturing process and investment cost of the heat pipe and the cold plate.
Although the prior art also adopts a heat pipe indirect liquid cooling technology and an inter-column air conditioner auxiliary heat dissipation technology, such as a server cabinet heat dissipation system combining patent number 201520185138.3, patent name inter-column air conditioner and a liquid cooling device, the cooperation between the liquid cooling technology and the inter-column air conditioner auxiliary heat dissipation technology disclosed by the heat pipe indirect liquid cooling technology and the inter-column air conditioner auxiliary heat dissipation technology ensures that the whole system still cannot achieve higher energy conservation and reliability, and a cold source end cooling medium cannot be switched and utilized between the heat pipe indirect liquid cooling technology and the inter-column air conditioner auxiliary heat dissipation technology, so that the heat pipe indirect heat dissipation system needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration system of a data center, which has higher reliability, safety and cold source cooperative control performance, and can effectively avoid a large number of server downtime caused by single equipment or single refrigeration system faults.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a accurate high-efficient refrigerating system of data center liquid-gas binary channels, includes data center micromodule computer lab, liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system and air cooling passageway refrigerating system, be equipped with a plurality of liquid cooling server cabinets and a plurality of servers of setting in the liquid cooling server cabinet in the data center micromodule computer lab, the server is equipped with high heat flux density chip and a plurality of low heat flux density component, carries out the liquid cooling heat dissipation through liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system to the high heat flux density chip of server, carries out supplementary heat dissipation through air cooling passageway refrigerating system, carries out the air cooling heat dissipation to low heat flux density component, still includes cold source backup bypass system, cold source backup bypass system has connected liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system and air cooling passageway refrigerating system for switch the coolant of liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system and air cooling passageway refrigerating system.
Further, the liquid cooling channel refrigeration system comprises an internal circulation system and an external circulation system, wherein the internal circulation system comprises a water cooling type heat pipe radiator, a liquid cooling distribution unit, a liquid cooling maintenance unit and a temperature control heat exchange unit which are sequentially connected, the water cooling type heat pipe radiator and the liquid cooling distribution unit are arranged in a liquid cooling server cabinet, the liquid cooling maintenance unit is arranged in a base below the liquid cooling server cabinet, and the temperature control heat exchange unit comprises an internal circulation pump and a heat exchanger; the liquid cooling maintenance unit is connected with the internal circulation pump through an internal circulation liquid return main pipe, and the heat exchanger is connected with the liquid cooling maintenance unit through an internal circulation liquid supply main pipe; the external circulation system comprises a cooling unit, an external circulation pump and a control system, wherein the cooling unit is connected with the heat exchanger through an external circulation liquid supply main pipe and an external circulation liquid return main pipe, the external circulation pump is positioned between the cooling unit and the heat exchanger and is connected with the cooling unit and the heat exchanger through the external circulation liquid supply main pipe, the cooling unit and the external circulation pump are both connected with the heat exchanger, and heat transfer of the internal and external circulation systems is realized through the heat exchanger; the liquid cooling first electric valve is arranged between the heat exchanger and the cooling unit and on the external circulation liquid return main pipe, and the liquid cooling second electric valve is arranged between the external circulation pump and the cooling unit and on the external circulation liquid supply main pipe.
Further, the internal circulation system adopts a double-loop same-path design and comprises a liquid supply loop and a liquid return loop, wherein the liquid supply loop comprises an internal circulation liquid supply main pipe, and the liquid return loop comprises an internal circulation liquid return main pipe.
Further, the air cooling channel refrigerating system comprises a chilled water distribution unit and an inter-row air conditioner, wherein the inter-row air conditioner is arranged in a data center micro-module machine room and is connected with the chilled water distribution unit, the chilled water distribution unit is connected with a cold water host through an air conditioner backwater main pipe and an air conditioner water supply main pipe, the inter-row air conditioner is supplied with water by an air conditioner water supply branch pipe and is used for recycling discharged water by the air conditioner backwater branch pipe, the air conditioner water supply branch pipe is connected with the air conditioner water supply main pipe, and the air conditioner backwater branch pipe is connected with the air conditioner backwater main pipe; an air-cooled first electric valve is arranged between the chilled water distribution unit and the cold water main machine and on the air conditioner water return main pipe, and an air-cooled second electric valve is arranged between the chilled water distribution unit and the cold water main machine and on the air conditioner water supply main pipe.
Further, the cold source backup bypass system comprises a bypass first electric valve and a bypass second electric valve, the bypass first electric valve is connected with an external circulation liquid supply main pipe and an air conditioner water supply main pipe through a first bypass pipeline, the connection part of the first bypass pipeline and the external circulation liquid supply main pipe is positioned between the heat exchanger and the cooling unit connection pipeline, and the connection part of the first bypass pipeline and the air conditioner water supply main pipe is positioned between the chilled water distribution unit and the cold water main machine connection pipeline; the bypass second electric valve is connected with the external circulation liquid return main pipe and the air conditioner water return main pipe through a second bypass pipeline, the connection part of the second bypass pipeline and the external circulation liquid return main pipe is positioned between the heat exchanger and the cooling unit connection pipeline, and the connection part of the second bypass pipeline and the air conditioner water return main pipe is positioned between the chilled water distribution unit and the cold water main machine connection pipeline.
Further, the control system of the external circulation system is electrically connected with the bypass first electric valve, the bypass second electric valve, the liquid cooling first electric valve, the liquid cooling second electric valve, the air cooling first electric valve and the air cooling second electric valve, and the control system can realize backup switching of cooling media at the cold source side of the liquid-air double-channel refrigeration system by controlling and adjusting the bypass first electric valve, the bypass second electric valve, the liquid cooling first electric valve, the liquid cooling second electric valve, the air cooling first electric valve and the air cooling second electric valve according to the liquid-air double-channel cooling load requirement and the environmental temperature change.
Further, the water-cooling type heat pipe radiator, the liquid cooling distribution unit, the liquid cooling maintenance unit and the inter-column air conditioners are arranged in a data center micro-module machine room, the plurality of liquid cooling server cabinets and the plurality of inter-column air conditioners are divided into two columns of front doors and are arranged at intervals, and a closed cold channel is formed in the space between the two columns of cabinets; the temperature control heat exchange unit, the external circulating pump, the control system and the chilled water distribution unit are arranged between data center equipment, and the cooling unit is arranged outdoors; the heat exchangers of the temperature control heat exchange unit isolate the inner circulation system and the outer circulation system, and the chilled water distribution unit isolates the air conditioner water supply and return header pipe and the air conditioner water supply and return branch pipe and distributes flow to each air conditioner among columns according to the requirement.
Further, each branch pipe for supplying and returning liquid is connected with a water-cooling type heat pipe radiator arranged on each server in a point-to-point manner; the liquid cooling maintenance units are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid cooling server cabinets of the data center micro-module machine room.
Further, the control step of the control system includes the following steps:
when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the air cooling channel load is small or the cold water host fails, the control system closes the air cooling first and second electric valves of the air conditioner water supply and return header pipe, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and low-temperature cooling water obtained by natural cooling from the liquid cooling channel cooling unit enters the chilled water distribution unit to provide cooling medium for the inter-column air conditioner;
when the load of the liquid cooling channel is large and the cooling unit provides the maximum cooling capacity and still cannot guarantee the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip, the control system opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and the low-temperature chilled water provided by the cold water host is used for assisting in solving the heat which cannot be taken away by the liquid cooling channel cooling unit;
when the cooling unit system of the liquid cooling channel fails and the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip cannot be guaranteed completely, the control system closes the liquid cooling first and second electric valves of the liquid cooling channel external circulation system liquid return supply pipeline, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and chilled water provided by the cold water host enters the liquid cooling temperature control heat exchange unit for external circulation, so that the normal heat dissipation of the server chip is realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a control method of the liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration of the data center, which adopts the liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration system of the data center, wherein the control steps of the control system comprise the following steps:
when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the air cooling channel load is small or the cold water host fails, the control system closes the air cooling first and second electric valves of the air conditioner water supply and return header pipe, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and low-temperature cooling water obtained by natural cooling from the liquid cooling channel cooling unit enters the chilled water distribution unit to provide cooling medium for the inter-column air conditioner;
when the load of the liquid cooling channel is large and the cooling unit provides the maximum cooling capacity and still cannot guarantee the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip, the control system opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and the low-temperature chilled water provided by the cold water host is used for assisting in solving the heat which cannot be taken away by the liquid cooling channel cooling unit;
when the cooling unit system of the liquid cooling channel fails and the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip cannot be guaranteed completely, the control system closes the liquid cooling first and second electric valves of the liquid cooling channel external circulation system liquid return supply pipeline, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and chilled water provided by the cold water host enters the liquid cooling temperature control heat exchange unit for external circulation, so that the normal heat dissipation of the server chip is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is based on solving the problems of high energy consumption, outstanding heat island, low machine room utilization rate and the like of the data center and the defects of the existing air cooling and liquid cooling technology, and constructing a novel liquid cooling channel with simple structure, safety and reliability, and accurately and efficiently taking away the heat productivity of the high heat flux components of the server; and an air cooling channel based on an inter-column air conditioner and chilled water distribution unit is constructed, the heat productivity of low-heat-flow-density components of a server is taken away, the safety and reliability are fully considered in the connection of each device of a liquid cooling channel refrigeration system and an air cooling channel refrigeration system, the liquid/air two-channel refrigeration system is cooperatively controlled to complement each other in cold source application, and a cooling medium can be switched to use through a cold source backup bypass system under a certain condition, so that the energy is further saved, and the reliability of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid/gas dual channel precision high efficiency refrigeration system for a data center of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooled channel refrigeration system connection in accordance with the present invention.
The components in fig. 1 are labeled as follows:
001. the liquid cooling server cabinet, 002, the air conditioner water supply branch pipe, 003, the air conditioner return branch pipe, 004, the liquid cooling distribution unit, 005, the liquid cooling maintenance unit, 006, the air conditioner between the row, 007, big hose assembly, 008, the inner circulating pump, 009, the temperature control heat transfer unit, 010, the plate heat exchanger, 011, the outer circulating pump, 012, the liquid return loop, 013, the liquid supply loop, 014, the air conditioner return water main, 015, the air conditioner water supply main, 016, the frozen water distribution unit, 017, the wall, 018, the first motorised valve of air cooling, 019, the second motorised valve of air cooling, 020, bypass first motorised valve, 021, bypass second motorised valve, 022, the first motorised valve of liquid cooling, 023, liquid cooling second motorised valve, 024, the outer circulation liquid supply main, 025, the outer circulation liquid return main, 026, first bypass line, 027, second bypass line, 028, the inner circulation liquid supply main, 029, the inner circulation liquid return main.
The components in fig. 2 are labeled as follows:
001. the liquid cooling server cabinet, 102, liquid supply branch pipes, 103, small hose assemblies, 104, quick connectors, 105, liquid return branch pipes, 106, a water-cooling type heat pipe radiator, 007, a large hose assembly, 012, a liquid return loop, 013 and a liquid supply loop.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples:
the direction of the arrows in fig. 1, 2 indicates the direction of the liquid flow.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the liquid-air dual-channel accurate high-efficiency refrigerating system of the data center comprises a data center micro-module machine room, a liquid cooling channel refrigerating system and an air cooling channel refrigerating system, wherein a plurality of liquid cooling server cabinets and a plurality of servers arranged in the liquid cooling server cabinets are arranged in the data center micro-module machine room, the servers are provided with high heat flux density chips and a plurality of low heat flux density elements, the liquid cooling channel refrigerating system is used for carrying out liquid cooling heat dissipation on the high heat flux density chips of the servers, the air cooling channel refrigerating system is used for carrying out auxiliary heat dissipation, and the low heat flux density elements are used for carrying out air cooling heat dissipation, and the data center micro-module machine room further comprises a cold source backup bypass system, and the cold source backup bypass system is connected with the liquid cooling channel refrigerating system and the air cooling channel refrigerating system and is used for switching cooling mediums of the liquid cooling channel refrigerating system and the air cooling channel refrigerating system.
The liquid cooling channel refrigerating system comprises an inner circulating system and an outer circulating system, the inner circulating system adopts a double-loop same-path design and comprises a liquid supply loop 013 and a liquid return loop 012, the liquid supply loop 013 comprises an inner circulating liquid supply main pipe 028, and the liquid return loop 012 comprises an inner circulating liquid return main pipe 029. The internal circulation system further comprises a water-cooling type heat pipe radiator 106, a liquid cooling distribution unit 004, a liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 and a temperature control heat exchange unit 009 which are sequentially connected, wherein the water-cooling type heat pipe radiator 106, the liquid cooling distribution unit 004 and the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 are arranged in a liquid cooling server cabinet 001, the temperature control heat exchange unit 009 comprises an internal circulation pump 008 and a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is a plate type heat exchanger 010; the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 is connected with the internal circulation pump 008 through an internal circulation liquid return main pipe 029, and the plate heat exchanger 010 is connected with the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 through an internal circulation liquid supply main pipe 028.
The external circulation system comprises a cooling unit, an external circulation pump 011, a connecting pipeline and a control system, wherein the cooling unit comprises a cooling tower or a dry cooler. The cooling unit and the external circulation pump 011 are both connected with the plate heat exchanger 010, heat transfer of an internal circulation system and an external circulation system is realized through the heat exchanger, specifically, the cooling unit and the plate heat exchanger 010 are connected through an external circulation liquid supply main 024 and an external circulation liquid return main 025, and the external circulation pump 011 is positioned between the cooling unit and the plate heat exchanger 010 and is connected with the cooling unit and the plate heat exchanger 010 through the external circulation liquid supply main 024; the liquid cooling first electric valve 022 is arranged between the plate heat exchanger 010 and the cooling unit and on the outer circulation liquid return main 025, and the liquid cooling second electric valve 023 is arranged between the outer circulation pump 011 and the cooling unit and on the outer circulation liquid supply main 024.
The air-cooled channel refrigeration system comprises a chilled water distribution unit 004, an inter-column air conditioner 006 and a connecting pipeline, wherein the inter-column air conditioner 006 is arranged in a data center micro-module machine room and is connected with a chilled water distribution unit 016, the chilled water distribution unit 016 is connected with a cold water host through an air conditioner backwater main 014 and an air conditioner water supply main 015, the inter-column air conditioner 006 is supplied with water by an air conditioner water supply branch 002 and is recycled and discharged by an air conditioner backwater branch 003, the air conditioner water supply branch 002 is connected with the air conditioner water supply main 015, and the air conditioner backwater branch 003 is connected with the air conditioner backwater main 014; an air-cooled first electric valve 018 is arranged between the chilled water distribution unit 016 and the cold water main machine and on the air-conditioner backwater main pipe 014, and an air-cooled second electric valve 019 is arranged between the chilled water distribution unit 016 and the cold water main machine and on the air-conditioner water supply main pipe 015.
The water-cooling type heat pipe radiator 106, the liquid cooling distribution unit 004, the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 and the inter-column air conditioners 006 are arranged in a micro-module machine room of the data center, a plurality of liquid cooling server cabinets 001 and a plurality of inter-column air conditioners 006 are arranged in the micro-module, the micro-module machine room is divided into two columns of front doors and the front doors are arranged at intervals, and a closed cold channel is formed in the space between the two columns of cabinets; the temperature control heat exchange unit 009, the external circulation pump 011, the control system and the chilled water distribution unit 016 are arranged between data center equipment, and the cooling unit is arranged outdoors; the plate heat exchanger 010 of the temperature control heat exchange unit 009 isolates the inner and outer circulation systems, the inner circulation becomes a closed system, the liquid capacity is small, a large amount of liquid cooling medium of the cooling unit will not enter the computer lab; valves are arranged on all branches in the chilled water distribution unit 016, so that an air conditioner water supply header 015 and a water return header 014 are isolated from the air conditioner water supply branch 002 and the water return branch 003, and flow is distributed to each inter-column air conditioner 006 as required, and potential safety hazards caused by the fact that a large amount of liquid cooling medium supplied to the water return header directly enters a machine room are avoided.
The liquid cooling distribution unit 004 is installed on the server cabinet 001, the liquid supply branch pipe 102 and the liquid return branch pipe 105 are respectively connected with the water-cooling type heat pipe radiator 106 installed on each server in a point-to-point mode, and when a single server fails, the server can be maintained through the quick connector 104 of the water-cooling type heat pipe radiator 106 of the server in a plug-in connection mode, and normal operation of other servers is not affected; the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 is installed in the base below the server cabinet 001, corresponds with the server cabinet 001 of the micro-module machine room of the data center one by one, monitors the inflow water flow, the inflow and outflow water pressure and the return water temperature of the corresponding cabinet in real time, and feeds back the heat dissipation condition of the liquid cooling server cabinet 001, and when a single cabinet breaks down, the whole cabinet can be isolated through a valve (not shown in the figure) in the liquid level maintenance unit 005, so that the operation of other cabinets is not influenced. Reference numeral 17 in the figure is a wall.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a liquid supply loop 013 and a liquid return loop 012 are arranged below the raised floor in the micro-module machine room, and the liquid supply loop and the liquid return loop are connected with a liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 in the micro-module machine room through a large hose assembly 007 and are connected with a temperature control heat exchange unit 009 between devices through a pipeline. The liquid cooling working medium can flow bidirectionally in the liquid supply and return loop, and the technology can not only realize the balanced distribution of the liquid cooling working medium among the server cabinets 001, but also realize the backup of the liquid supply and return loop of the liquid cooling channel, thereby further improving the operation reliability of the liquid cooling channel.
As shown in fig. 2, the liquid supply branch pipe 102, the liquid return branch pipe 105 and the water-cooling heat pipe radiator 106 of the liquid cooling distribution unit 004 are respectively connected with the quick connector 104 through the small hose assembly 103, so that the liquid cooling medium is uniformly distributed and the server is conveniently maintained; the liquid cooling distribution unit 004 and the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 are connected through the large hose assembly 007 respectively between the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 and the liquid supply loop 013 and between the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 and the liquid return loop 012, so as to realize the transportation of cooling medium in the liquid supply and liquid return pipelines. The quick connector 104 supports hot plug and bidirectional leakage, and the large hose assembly 007 and the small hose assembly 103 realize flexible connection and good compatibility, so that the maintenance convenience is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water-cooled heat pipe radiator 106 guides the heat generated by the server chip to the water cooling plate precisely and efficiently through the heat pipe, meanwhile, the liquid cooling heat exchange medium is driven by the internal circulation pump 008, enters the liquid cooling maintenance unit from the liquid cooling liquid supply loop 013 and the large hose assembly 007, then enters the liquid cooling distribution unit through the large hose assembly 007, then enters the water cooling plate through the small hose assembly 103 and the quick connector 104, takes away the heat absorbed by the heat pipe from the liquid cooling server chip (the heat accounts for 65-90% of the heat generated by the server chip), and then increases in temperature, and sequentially flows back to the liquid cooling loop 012 through the quick connector 104, the small hose assembly 103, the large hose assembly 007, the liquid cooling maintenance unit 005 and the large hose assembly 007, then exchanges heat with the external circulation system through the temperature control heat exchange unit 009, finally, the heat generated by the server chip is efficiently transferred to the outdoor cooling unit and emitted to the atmosphere, and the process totally utilizes natural cold sources, and the compressor is not required to refrigerate at all, and the energy saving effect is remarkable. The inter-row air conditioner 006 is circulated through the air circulation between the inter-row air conditioner 006 and the server cabinet, after the chilled water of the internal heat exchanger absorbs the rest distributed heat of the server which cannot be taken away by the liquid cooling channel, the heat is transferred to the evaporator of the cold water host machine through the chilled water distribution unit 016, and the heat is cooled by the cold water host machine and then returned to the heat exchanger of the inter-row air conditioner 006, so that the circulation is realized. Because 65-90% of the heat of the server is taken away by the liquid cooling channel, and the inter-row air conditioner 006 and the server cabinet 001 form a closed cold channel to supply air nearby a heat source, the air supply temperature of the air conditioner of the air cooling channel can be increased to more than 27 ℃, so that the cooling load requirement of the air cooling channel is lower, chilled water with higher temperature can be used as a cold source, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, the possibility of natural cooling by using the cooling water when the ambient temperature is lower is also provided, and the energy saving is further realized.
As shown in fig. 1, the cold source backup bypass system comprises a bypass first electric valve 020 and a bypass second electric valve 021, the bypass first electric valve 020 is connected with an external circulation liquid supply main 024 and an air conditioner water supply main 015 through a first bypass pipeline 026, the connection part of the first bypass pipeline 026 and the external circulation liquid supply main 024 is positioned between the plate heat exchanger 010 and the cooling unit connection pipeline, and the connection part of the first bypass pipeline 026 and the air conditioner water supply main 015 is positioned between the chilled water distribution unit 016 and the cold water main connection pipeline; the bypass second electric valve 021 is connected with the external circulation liquid return main 025 and the air conditioner water return main 014 through a second bypass pipeline 027, the connection part of the second bypass pipeline 027 and the external circulation liquid return main 025 is positioned between the plate heat exchanger 010 and the cooling unit connection pipeline, and the connection part of the second bypass pipeline 027 and the air conditioner water return main 014 is positioned between the chilled water distribution unit 016 and the cold water main connection pipeline. The system can switch the cooling medium of the liquid cooling channel refrigeration system and the air cooling channel refrigeration system according to the requirement.
The external circulation system cold source side supply and return pipeline of the liquid cooling channel refrigeration system is provided with a liquid cooling first electric valve 022 and a liquid cooling second electric valve 023; the air-cooled channel refrigeration system is connected with an air conditioner supply and return water main pipeline at the cold source side of the frozen water distribution unit 016, and is provided with an air-cooled first electric valve 018 and an air-cooled second electric valve 019.
Wherein, the external circulation system is equipped with a control system, which is electrically connected with the bypass first electric valve 020, the bypass second electric valve 021, the liquid cooling first electric valve 022, the liquid cooling second electric valve 023, the air cooling first electric valve 018 and the air cooling second electric valve 019 (not shown in the figure), and the control system can realize backup switching of the cooling medium on the cold source side of the liquid/air dual-channel refrigeration system by controlling and adjusting the bypass first electric valve 020, the bypass second electric valve 021, the liquid cooling first electric valve 022, the liquid cooling second electric valve 023, the air cooling first electric valve 018 and the air cooling second electric valve 019 according to the liquid-air dual-channel cooling load requirement and the environmental temperature change.
The principle of the control system of the external circulation system for realizing the switching of the cooling medium at the double-channel cold source end is as follows: when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the air cooling channel load is small or the cold water main machine fails, the control system closes the air cooling first and second electric valves 018 and 019 of the air conditioner water supply and return header pipes, opens the bypass first and second electric valves 020 and 021 and adjusts the flow, and low-temperature cooling water obtained by natural cooling from the liquid cooling channel cooling unit enters the chilled water distribution unit 016 to provide cooling medium for the inter-column air conditioner 006, so that the energy-saving effect is remarkable; when the load of the liquid cooling channel is large and the cooling unit provides the maximum cooling capacity and still cannot guarantee the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip, the control system opens the bypass first and second electric valves 020 and 021 and adjusts the flow, and the low-temperature chilled water provided by the cold water host is used for assisting in solving the heat which cannot be taken away by the liquid cooling channel cooling unit, so that the reliability of the system is improved; when the cooling unit system of the liquid cooling channel fails and the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip cannot be guaranteed completely, the control system closes the liquid cooling first and second electric valves 022 and 023 of the liquid cooling channel external circulation system liquid return pipeline, opens the bypass first and second electric valves 020 and 021 and adjusts the flow, and the chilled water provided by the cold water host enters the liquid cooling temperature control heat exchange unit 009 for external circulation, so that the normal heat dissipation of the server chip is realized, and the system reliability is further improved.
In summary, in the liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration system of the data center, the liquid cooling channel refrigeration system is used for discharging heat of 'high power consumption and high heat density' components, the air cooling channel refrigeration system is used for discharging heat of 'low power consumption and low heat flux density' components, the control system of the external circulation system can control and adjust the cold source backup bypass system and the corresponding electric valve on the cold source side of the liquid/air dual-channel system according to dual-channel cold load requirements and environmental temperature changes, so that backup switching of cold source end cooling media of the liquid cooling channel and the air cooling channel refrigeration system is realized, and energy conservation and reliability of the system are further improved. The invention can safely, reliably, accurately and efficiently solve the problems of large energy consumption, prominent heat island phenomenon and low power density of the rack of the data center, avoid the defects of other liquid cooling technologies and is beneficial to further popularization of the liquid cooling technology.
The embodiment also provides a liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration control method for a data center based on the system, which mainly relates to the control steps of a control system of an external circulation system, comprising the following steps: when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the air cooling channel load is small or the cold water host fails, the control system closes the air cooling first and second electric valves of the air conditioner water supply and return header pipe, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and low-temperature cooling water obtained by natural cooling from the liquid cooling channel cooling unit enters the chilled water distribution unit to provide cooling medium for the inter-column air conditioner;
when the load of the liquid cooling channel is large and the cooling unit provides the maximum cooling capacity and still cannot guarantee the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip, the control system opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and the low-temperature chilled water provided by the cold water host is used for assisting in solving the heat which cannot be taken away by the liquid cooling channel cooling unit;
when the cooling unit system of the liquid cooling channel fails and the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip cannot be guaranteed completely, the control system closes the liquid cooling first and second electric valves of the liquid cooling channel external circulation system liquid return supply pipeline, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and chilled water provided by the cold water host enters the liquid cooling temperature control heat exchange unit for external circulation, so that the normal heat dissipation of the server chip is realized.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a accurate high-efficient refrigerating system of data center liquid-gas binary channels, includes data center micromodule computer lab, liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system and air cooling passageway refrigerating system, be equipped with a plurality of liquid cooling server cabinets and a plurality of servers that set up in the liquid cooling server cabinet in the data center micromodule computer lab, the server is equipped with high heat flux density chip and a plurality of low heat flux density component, carries out the liquid cooling heat dissipation through liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system to the high heat flux density chip of server, carries out the auxiliary heat dissipation through air cooling passageway refrigerating system, carries out the air cooling heat dissipation to low heat flux density component, characterized by also including cold source backup bypass system, cold source backup bypass system has connected liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system and air cooling passageway refrigerating system for switch the coolant medium of liquid cooling passageway refrigerating system and air cooling passageway refrigerating system;
the liquid cooling channel refrigeration system comprises an internal circulation system and an external circulation system, wherein the internal circulation system comprises a water cooling type heat pipe radiator, a liquid cooling distribution unit, a liquid cooling maintenance unit and a temperature control heat exchange unit which are sequentially connected, the water cooling type heat pipe radiator and the liquid cooling distribution unit are arranged in a liquid cooling server cabinet, the liquid cooling maintenance unit is arranged in a base below the liquid cooling server cabinet, and the temperature control heat exchange unit comprises an internal circulation pump and a heat exchanger; the liquid cooling maintenance unit is connected with the internal circulation pump through an internal circulation liquid return main pipe, and the heat exchanger is connected with the liquid cooling maintenance unit through an internal circulation liquid supply main pipe; the external circulation system comprises a cooling unit, an external circulation pump and a control system, wherein the cooling unit is connected with the heat exchanger through an external circulation liquid supply main pipe and an external circulation liquid return main pipe, and the external circulation pump is positioned between the cooling unit and the heat exchanger and is connected with the cooling unit and the heat exchanger through the external circulation liquid supply main pipe; a liquid cooling first electric valve is arranged between the heat exchanger and the cooling unit and on the external circulation liquid return main pipe, and a liquid cooling second electric valve is arranged between the external circulation pump and the cooling unit and on the external circulation liquid supply main pipe;
the internal circulation system adopts a double-loop same-path design and comprises a liquid supply loop and a liquid return loop, wherein the liquid supply loop comprises an internal circulation liquid supply main pipe, and the liquid return loop comprises an internal circulation liquid return main pipe;
the air-cooled channel refrigeration system comprises a chilled water distribution unit and an inter-row air conditioner, wherein the inter-row air conditioner is arranged in a data center micro-module machine room and is connected with the chilled water distribution unit, the chilled water distribution unit is connected with a cold water host through an air conditioner backwater main pipe and an air conditioner water supply main pipe, the inter-row air conditioner is supplied with water by an air conditioner water supply branch pipe and is used for recycling discharged water by the air conditioner backwater branch pipe, the air conditioner water supply branch pipe is connected with the air conditioner water supply main pipe, and the air conditioner backwater branch pipe is connected with the air conditioner backwater main pipe; an air-cooled first electric valve is arranged between the chilled water distribution unit and the cold water main machine and on the air-conditioner water return main pipe, and an air-cooled second electric valve is arranged between the chilled water distribution unit and the cold water main machine and on the air-conditioner water supply main pipe;
the cold source backup bypass system comprises a bypass first electric valve and a bypass second electric valve, wherein the bypass first electric valve is connected with an external circulation liquid supply main pipe and an air conditioner water supply main pipe through a first bypass pipeline, the connection part of the first bypass pipeline and the external circulation liquid supply main pipe is positioned between a heat exchanger and a cooling unit connection pipeline, and the connection part of the first bypass pipeline and the air conditioner water supply main pipe is positioned between a chilled water distribution unit and a cold water main machine connection pipeline; the bypass second electric valve is connected with the external circulation liquid return main pipe and the air conditioner water return main pipe through a second bypass pipeline, the connection part of the second bypass pipeline and the external circulation liquid return main pipe is positioned between the heat exchanger and the cooling unit connection pipeline, and the connection part of the second bypass pipeline and the air conditioner water return main pipe is positioned between the chilled water distribution unit and the cold water main machine connection pipeline.
2. The data center liquid-gas dual-channel accurate efficient refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein the control system of the external circulation system is electrically connected with the bypass first electric valve, the bypass second electric valve, the liquid cooling first electric valve, the liquid cooling second electric valve, the air cooling first electric valve and the air cooling second electric valve, and the control system can realize backup switching of cooling media on a cold source side of the liquid-gas dual-channel refrigeration system by controlling and adjusting the bypass first electric valve, the bypass second electric valve, the liquid cooling first electric valve, the liquid cooling second electric valve, the air cooling first electric valve and the air cooling second electric valve according to liquid-gas dual-channel cooling load requirements and environmental temperature changes.
3. The liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigerating system of the data center according to claim 2, wherein the water-cooling type heat pipe radiator, the liquid cooling distribution unit, the liquid cooling maintenance unit and the inter-column air conditioners are arranged in a micro-module machine room of the data center, the liquid cooling server cabinets and the inter-column air conditioners are divided into two columns of front doors and are arranged at intervals, and a closed cold channel is formed in a space between the two columns of cabinets; the temperature control heat exchange unit, the external circulating pump, the control system and the chilled water distribution unit are arranged between data center equipment, and the cooling unit is arranged outdoors; the heat exchangers of the temperature control heat exchange unit isolate the inner circulation system and the outer circulation system, and the chilled water distribution unit isolates the air conditioner water supply and return header pipe and the air conditioner water supply and return branch pipe and distributes flow to each air conditioner among columns according to the requirement.
4. The data center liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration system according to claim 3, wherein each branch pipe for supplying and returning liquid of the liquid cooling distribution unit is connected with a water-cooling type heat pipe radiator installed on each server in a point-to-point mode; the liquid cooling maintenance units are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid cooling server cabinets of the data center micro-module machine room.
5. The dual data center liquid-gas channel precision high efficiency refrigeration system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the control step of said control system comprises the steps of:
when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the air cooling channel load is small or the cold water host fails, the control system closes the air cooling first and second electric valves of the air conditioner water supply and return header pipe, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and low-temperature cooling water obtained by natural cooling from the liquid cooling channel cooling unit enters the chilled water distribution unit to provide cooling medium for the inter-column air conditioner;
when the load of the liquid cooling channel is large and the cooling unit provides the maximum cooling capacity and still cannot guarantee the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip, the control system opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and the low-temperature chilled water provided by the cold water host is used for assisting in solving the heat which cannot be taken away by the liquid cooling channel cooling unit;
when the cooling unit system of the liquid cooling channel fails and the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip cannot be guaranteed completely, the control system closes the liquid cooling first and second electric valves of the liquid cooling channel external circulation system liquid return supply pipeline, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and chilled water provided by the cold water host enters the liquid cooling temperature control heat exchange unit for external circulation, so that the normal heat dissipation of the server chip is realized.
6. A method for controlling liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration of a data center, which is characterized in that the liquid-gas dual-channel accurate and efficient refrigeration system of the data center is adopted according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the control steps of the control system comprise the following steps:
when the outdoor environment temperature is low, the air cooling channel load is small or the cold water host fails, the control system closes the air cooling first and second electric valves of the air conditioner water supply and return header pipe, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and low-temperature cooling water obtained by natural cooling from the liquid cooling channel cooling unit enters the chilled water distribution unit to provide cooling medium for the inter-column air conditioner;
when the load of the liquid cooling channel is large and the cooling unit provides the maximum cooling capacity and still cannot guarantee the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip, the control system opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and the low-temperature chilled water provided by the cold water host is used for assisting in solving the heat which cannot be taken away by the liquid cooling channel cooling unit;
when the cooling unit system of the liquid cooling channel fails and the heat dissipation requirement of the server chip cannot be guaranteed completely, the control system closes the liquid cooling first and second electric valves of the liquid cooling channel external circulation system liquid return supply pipeline, opens the bypass first and second electric valves and adjusts the flow, and chilled water provided by the cold water host enters the liquid cooling temperature control heat exchange unit for external circulation, so that the normal heat dissipation of the server chip is realized.
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