CN107071785A - The frequency spectrum distributing method of cognition wireless network is relayed a kind of cooperation more - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to many relaying cognition wireless network frequency spectrum distributing methods of one kind cooperation, cooperating relay cognition wireless network is relied on, secondary user improves own spectrum access chance, further improve the capacity of cognition network system by assisting main user data to transmit.The present invention transmits data demand according to channel practical working situation and primary user, and many relay routes of reasonable selection carry out optimum allocation to channel, to obtain the cognition network capacity of maximum.The present invention has reached the purpose that cognition network handling capacity is improved in multi-relay cooperation system using above-mentioned means.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-relay cooperative communication technology in the field of wireless communication networks, in particular to a cooperative relay selection, channel allocation and power allocation method under a cognitive wireless channel environment.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication services, the contradiction between the growing spectrum demand and the increasingly scarce spectrum resources becomes more and more prominent. The contradiction can be effectively solved by introducing the cognitive technology and the cooperative relay into the wireless network, and the cooperative relay cognitive wireless network is favored by people.
In a cognitive wireless network, secondary users (cognitive users) may occupy channels that are not occupied by primary users (authorized users). In order to increase the capacity of the secondary user network and obtain the maximum network throughput, the cognitive users should utilize the idle spectrum as much as possible. The existing cognitive technology generally adopts a non-relay mode, and a secondary user occupies a system frequency spectrum under the condition that the frequency spectrum is idle through detecting the occupied state of a primary user.
Cooperative relaying is beneficial to improving system performance when the communication channel is fading significantly. In a cooperative relay cognitive radio network, a secondary user generally serves as a relay node. The relay node can be used as a relay between the secondary user communication and a primary user. The secondary user serves as a relay of the primary user, so that the transmission rate of the primary user can be improved, the transmission time of the primary user is saved, the opportunity that the secondary user utilizes the system frequency spectrum is increased, and the transmission capacity of the secondary user is improved. However, how to reasonably select relays and how to perform spectrum resource allocation and power allocation to obtain the maximum network throughput becomes a main problem of spectrum allocation of the cooperative multi-relay cognitive wireless network.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the problem of spectrum allocation of the cooperative multi-relay cognitive wireless network, the invention provides a cooperative multi-relay cognitive network spectrum allocation method with the maximum throughput.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method for allocating the time slot of the cooperative relay cognitive radio network comprises the following steps:
step 1, network system configuration, in collaborationThe relay cognitive network comprises a primary user transmitter PT, a primary user receiver PR and L secondary user pairs, each secondary user pair consists of a secondary user transmitter ST and a secondary user receiver SR, the set is represented by L, the normalized frequency spectrum bandwidth of the multi-relay cognitive network is B, the number of subchannels is N, the set of subchannels is N, and the subchannel bandwidth B is0The secondary user adopts adaptive modulation to carry out data transmission, and the data transmission rate is automatically adjusted according to the quality of a channel;
step 2, setting system parameters, wherein the sending power of a master user sender PT on each subchannel is a fixed value P in the systempuThe total transmission power of the secondary user system is PsuThe channel gains on the channel n between the primary user transmitter PT and the secondary user transmitter ST, between the secondary user transmitter ST and the primary user receiver PR, and between the secondary user transmitter ST and the secondary user receiver SR are defined asAndthe channel noise is 0 as a mean and 0 as a varianceWhite Gaussian noise, the target rate of the primary user is RT；
Step 3, relay selection and channel allocation, which comprises the following specific steps:
a1 calculating primary user sender PT and secondary user sender STlCommunication rate on nth channelIt is calculated as follows:
defining primary and secondary user transmitters STlThe ratio of the communication rate on the nth channel to the primary user target rate is used as a performance evaluation parameter for relay selection and channel allocation:
thereby obtaining a relay cognitive radio network performance evaluation parameter matrix:
defining parameters βsum＝0；
a2, selecting the maximum value in the performance evaluation parameter matrix
The corresponding secondary user is used as the optimal relay, the corresponding channel is used as the optimal channel, namely the primary user selects STl’As relay and occupying channel n' for data transmission;
a3, update βsum，
Since a channel can only be occupied by one user at a time, the optimal channel n' is no longer involved in the following secondary user channel selection, i.e. the order
a4, cycle a2, a3, up to βsumMore than or equal to 1, namely, the requirement of primary use is metA user rate requirement;
and 4, allocating sub-channels in a first time slot, wherein in the 3 rd step, under the condition that the primary user meets the self rate requirement, the unoccupied channels can be released, and the secondary users can occupy the channels which are not occupied by the primary user for data transmissionNumber of isThe corresponding channel gain matrix can be expressed as
Definition of the first*Performance parameters of individual secondary user pairs:
the property matrix can be obtained as follows:
the Hungaian algorithm is utilized to obtain an optimal channel allocation scheme, because the Hungaian algorithm solves the problem of a square matrix, when the number of residual channels is different from that of users, the square matrix needs to be constructed, and at the moment, two conditions exist:
b1, when the number of the residual channels is less than the number of users, a virtual channel needs to be constructed, the channel gain is set to be 0, namely:
b2, when the residual channel number is larger than the user number, constructing virtual users, wherein the most possible channel number occupied by each user isThe structural property matrix is as follows:
step 5, first time slot power distribution, distributing transmission power according to the residual channel number occupied by each relay, and secondary user transmitter STl*The power of the points is as follows:
wherein,indicating the first time slot sub-user transmitter STlFor the occupation situation of the channel n, when the occupation situation is 1, otherwise, the occupation situation is 0, and power distribution is carried out on the secondary user transmitters participating in the relay on each occupied channel by utilizing a water injection algorithm;
and 6, in the second time slot, the secondary user transmitters serving as relays transmit the primary user data to the primary user receiver, and all the secondary user transmitters transmit self transmission data to the secondary user receiver.
Water-filling algorithms are described in literature: qi, A.Minturn, and Y.Yang.an effective Water-filling Algorithm for Power Allocation in OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Systems. InProc.2012 International Conference on Systems and information (ICSAI 2012), pp.2069-2073,2012.
The invention also has the following further features:
1. the step 6 specifically comprises the following steps:
c1, in the second time slot, selecting the channel when transferring the main user signal and distributing the transmitting power of the occupied channel, the channel transferring the main user signal can be different from the channel transferring the signal from the main user to the relay node in the first time slot, the sub-user transmitter preferentially selected as the relay in the first time slot has the channel n' with the maximum preferential selection channel gain as the channel occupied when transferring the signal to the main user receiver PR in the second time slot, calculating the sub-user transmitter ST as the relayl*Transmitting power required for forwarding primary user in second time slot
c2, second time slot channel allocation, in the time slot, each user transmitter can occupy the idle sub-channel, the same Hungarian algorithm is used to obtain the optimal channel allocation scheme, and when the number of channels is different from the number of users, a square matrix is required to be constructed for channel allocation;
c3, second time slot power distribution, second time slot middle user transmitter STl”The transmit power to the secondary user receiver is as follows:
whereinIndicating a second time slot secondary user transmitter STlLetter to letterThe occupation condition of the channel n is also used for obtaining the power distributed by the secondary user transmitter on each channel in the time slot by adopting a water injection algorithm;
c4, according to the channel and power distribution condition of two time slots, allocating resources and completing data transmission.
2. In step 3, the selection of relays depends on the performance evaluation parametersThe size of which depends on the target rate of the primary user being RTMaster user transmission power PpuChannel gain between primary and secondary user transmittersAnd noise power
3. In step 4, a Hungarian algorithm is used for the allocation of the remaining channels, the values of the parameters depend on the channel gain between the secondary user transmitter and receiver, and the parameters are defined as formula 7.
5. The allocation of the remaining power is used depending on the ratio of the number of allocated channels to the total channel occupied by the secondary user system.
The method relies on a cooperative multi-relay cognitive wireless network, and the secondary users improve the transmission rate of the primary users and acquire more frequency spectrum resources by cooperating the data transmission of the primary users, so that the channel capacity is improved. The method reasonably selects the multi-relay set according to the speed requirement of the master user so as to obtain the maximum cognitive network capacity. The invention adopts the means to realize a multi-relay cooperation system and achieves the purpose of improving the throughput of the cognitive network.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cooperative multi-relay cognitive radio network.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of spectrum allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the cooperative multi-relay cognitive radio network according to this embodiment, it can be known that the network has a primary user transmitter PT, a primary user receiver PR, and L secondary user pairs (transmitter ST and secondary user receiver SR), the secondary users use adaptive modulation to perform data transmission, and the data transmission rate is automatically adjusted according to the quality of a channel.
In the assisted relay model, a data forwarding period comprises two stages (time slots), namely a stage in which a master user sends data to a secondary user and a stage in which the master user forwards master user data. In each phase the secondary users may occupy channels not occupied by the primary users. Thus, each stage has channel allocation and power allocation issues.
The invention discloses a cooperative multi-relay cognitive radio network spectrum allocation method (a flow chart is shown in figure 2), which comprises the following steps:
step 1, network system configuration, wherein a master user transmitter PT, a master user receiver PR and L secondary user pairs are arranged in the cooperative multi-relay cognitive network, each secondary user pair is composed of a secondary user transmitter ST and a secondary user receiver SR, and the set is represented by L. If the normalized frequency spectrum bandwidth of the multi-relay cognitive network is B, the number of the sub-channels is N, and the set of the sub-channels is N, the sub-channel bandwidth B is0B/N. The secondary user adopts adaptive modulation to carry out data transmission, and the data transmission rate is automatically adjusted according to the quality of a channel. In this embodiment, the master user bandwidth is B ═ 160MHz, L ═ 4, and N ═ 16;
step 2, setting system parameters, wherein the sending power of a master user sender PT on each subchannel is a fixed value P in the systempuThe total transmission power of the secondary user system is PsuThe channel gains on the channel n between the primary user transmitter PT and the secondary user transmitter ST, between the secondary user transmitter ST and the primary user receiver PR, and between the secondary user transmitter ST and the secondary user receiver SR are defined asAndthe channel noise is 0 as a mean and 0 as a varianceWhite Gaussian noise, the target rate of the primary user is RT. In this example: variance of noiseTransmitter power P of primary user on each sub-channelpu20mW, main user target rate RT＝1bit/s/Hz；
Step 3, relay selection and channel allocation, which comprises the following specific steps:
a1 calculating primary user sender PT and secondary user sender STlCommunication rate on nth channelIt is calculated as follows:
defining primary and secondary user transmitters STlThe ratio of the communication rate on the nth channel to the primary user target rate is used as a performance evaluation parameter for relay selection and channel allocation:
thereby obtaining a relay cognitive radio network performance evaluation parameter matrix:
defining parameters βsum＝0；
a2, selecting the maximum value in the performance evaluation parameter matrix
The corresponding secondary user is used as the optimal relay, the corresponding channel is used as the optimal channel, namely the primary user selects STl'as relay and occupying channel n' for data transmission;
a3, update βsum，
Since a channel can only be occupied by one user at a time, the optimal channel n' is no longer involved in the following secondary user channel selection, i.e. the order
a4, cycle a2, a3, up to βsumThe speed requirement of a master user is met when the speed of the master user is more than or equal to 1;
step 4, allocating the first time slot sub-channel, and in step 3, under the condition that the master user meets the speed requirement of the master user, releasing the unoccupied channelIn order to reflect fairness among users, under the allocation method, only the relay secondary users participating in cooperation are allowed to have right to occupy the residual channels for carrying out self data transmission in the first time slot, and the assumption is that the relay set is L, the number of the relay sets is L, and the residual channels are LNumber of isThe corresponding channel gain matrix can be expressed as
Definition of the first*Performance parameters of individual secondary user pairs:
the property matrix can be obtained as follows:
the Hungaian algorithm is utilized to obtain an optimal channel allocation scheme, because the Hungaian algorithm solves the problem of a square matrix, when the number of residual channels is different from that of users, the square matrix needs to be constructed, and at the moment, two conditions exist:
b1, when the number of the residual channels is less than the number of users, a virtual channel needs to be constructed, the channel gain is set to be 0, namely:
b2, when the residual channel number is larger than the user number, constructing virtual users, wherein the most possible channel number occupied by each user isThe structural property matrix is as follows:
step 5, first time slot power distribution, distributing transmission power according to the residual channel number occupied by each relay, and secondary user transmitter STl*The power of the points is as follows:
wherein,indicating the first time slot sub-user transmitter STlFor the occupation situation of the channel n, when the occupation situation is 1, otherwise, the occupation situation is 0, and power distribution is carried out on the secondary user transmitters participating in the relay on each occupied channel by utilizing a water injection algorithm;
in the 6 th step and the second time slot, selecting the channel when the master user signal is forwarded and distributing the transmission power of the occupied channel, wherein the channel for relaying the master user signal can be different from the channel for transmitting the signal from the master user to the relay node in the first time slot, the secondary user transmitter preferentially selected as the relay in the first time slot has the channel n' with the maximum preferential selection channel gain as the channel occupied when the signal is forwarded to the master user receiver PR in the second time slot, and calculating the secondary user transmitter ST as the relayl*Transmitting power required for forwarding primary user in second time slot
7, allocating channels in a second time slot, wherein each user transmitter can occupy idle sub-channels in the time slot, obtaining an optimal channel allocation scheme by using a Hungarian algorithm, and constructing a square matrix for channel allocation when the number of channels is different from the number of users;
step 8, second time slot power distribution, second time slot middle user sender STl”The transmit power to the secondary user receiver is as follows:
whereinIndicating a second time slot secondary user transmitter STlFor the occupation situation of the channel n, the power distributed on each channel by the secondary user transmitter in the time slot is obtained by adopting a water injection algorithm;
and 9, performing resource allocation according to the two time slot channel allocation and power allocation conditions to complete data transmission.
The cooperative multi-relay cognitive network of the embodiment is simulated, and the simulation result shows that by adopting the multi-relay cooperation scheme, relays can be selected according to the speed requirement and the channel condition of the master user, channel allocation and power allocation are carried out, and finally the capacity maximization of the secondary user network is realized.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A cooperative multi-relay cognitive wireless network spectrum allocation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, network system configuration, wherein a master user transmitter PT, a master user receiver PR and L secondary user pairs are arranged in a cooperative multi-relay cognitive network, each secondary user pair is composed of a secondary user transmitter ST and a secondary user receiver SR, the set is represented by L, the normalized frequency spectrum bandwidth of the multi-relay cognitive network is B, the number of subchannels is N, the set of subchannels is N, and the subchannel bandwidth B is0The secondary user adopts adaptive modulation to carry out data transmission, number B/NThe data transmission rate is automatically adjusted according to the quality of the channel;
step 2, setting system parameters, wherein the sending power of a master user sender PT on each subchannel is a fixed value P in the systempuThe total transmission power of the secondary user system is PsuThe channel gains on the channel n between the primary user transmitter PT and the secondary user transmitter ST, between the secondary user transmitter ST and the primary user receiver PR, and between the secondary user transmitter ST and the secondary user receiver SR are defined asAndthe channel noise is 0 as a mean and 0 as a varianceWhite Gaussian noise, the target rate of the primary user is RT；
Step 3, relay selection and channel allocation, which comprises the following specific steps:
a1 calculating primary user sender PT and secondary user sender STlCommunication rate on nth channelIt is calculated as follows:
defining primary and secondary user transmitters STlThe ratio of the communication rate on the nth channel to the primary user target rate is used as a performance evaluation parameter for relay selection and channel allocation:
thereby obtaining a relay cognitive radio network performance evaluation parameter matrix:
defining parameters βsum＝0；
a2, selecting the maximum value in the performance evaluation parameter matrix
The corresponding secondary user is used as the optimal relay, the corresponding channel is used as the optimal channel, namely the primary user selects STl’As relay and occupying channel n' for data transmission;
a3, update βsum，
Since a channel can only be occupied by one user at a time, the optimal channel n' is no longer involved in the following secondary user channel selection, i.e. the order
a4, cycle a2, a3, up to βsumThe speed requirement of a master user is met when the speed of the master user is more than or equal to 1;
and 4, allocating sub-channels in a first time slot, wherein in the 3 rd step, under the condition that the primary user meets the self rate requirement, the unoccupied channels can be released, and the secondary users can occupy the channels which are not occupied by the primary user for data transmissionNumber of isThe corresponding channel gain matrix can be expressed as
Definition of the first*Performance parameters of individual secondary user pairs:
the property matrix can be obtained as follows:
the Hungaian algorithm is utilized to obtain an optimal channel allocation scheme, because the Hungaian algorithm solves the problem of a square matrix, when the number of residual channels is different from that of users, the square matrix needs to be constructed, and at the moment, two conditions exist:
b1, when the number of the residual channels is less than the number of users, a virtual channel needs to be constructed, the channel gain is set to be 0, namely:
b2, when the residual channel number is larger than the user number, constructing virtual users, wherein the most possible channel number occupied by each user isThe structural property matrix is as follows:
step 5, first time slot power distribution, distributing transmitting power according to the residual channel number occupied by each relay, and secondary user transmitterThe power of the points is as follows:
wherein,indicating the first time slot sub-user transmitter STlFor the occupation situation of the channel n, when the occupation situation is 1, otherwise, the occupation situation is 0, and power distribution is carried out on the secondary user transmitters participating in the relay on each occupied channel by utilizing a water injection algorithm;
and 6, in the second time slot, the secondary user transmitters serving as relays transmit the primary user data to the primary user receiver, and all the secondary user transmitters transmit self transmission data to the secondary user receiver.
2. The cooperative multi-relay cognitive wireless network spectrum allocation method according to claim 1, wherein: the step 6 specifically comprises the following steps:
c1, in the second time slot, selecting the channel when transferring the main user signal and distributing the transmitting power of the occupied channel, the channel transferring the main user signal can be different from the channel transferring the signal from the main user to the relay node in the first time slot, the sub-user transmitter preferentially selected as the relay in the first time slot has the channel n' with the maximum preferential selection channel gain as the channel occupied when transferring the signal to the main user receiver PR in the second time slot, calculating the sub-user transmitter ST as the relayl*Transmitting power required for forwarding primary user in second time slot
c2, second time slot channel allocation, in the time slot, each user transmitter can occupy the idle sub-channel, the same Hungarian algorithm is used to obtain the optimal channel allocation scheme, and when the number of channels is different from the number of users, a square matrix is required to be constructed for channel allocation;
c3, second time slot power distribution, second time slot middle user transmitter STl”The transmit power to the secondary user receiver is as follows:
whereinIndicating a second time slot secondary user transmitter STlFor the occupation situation of the channel n, the power distributed on each channel by the secondary user transmitter in the time slot is obtained by adopting a water injection algorithm;
c4, according to the channel and power distribution condition of two time slots, allocating resources and completing data transmission.
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Application publication date: 20170818 |