CN107071713B - Cellular network flow conveyer method based on multi-hop D2D communication - Google Patents
Cellular network flow conveyer method based on multi-hop D2D communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN107071713B CN107071713B CN201710406038.2A CN201710406038A CN107071713B CN 107071713 B CN107071713 B CN 107071713B CN 201710406038 A CN201710406038 A CN 201710406038A CN 107071713 B CN107071713 B CN 107071713B
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- surplus resources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of cellular network flow conveyer method based on multi-hop D2D communication, include the following steps: that (10) surplus resources list is established: cellular network base station requests all microcellulor networks to upload surplus resources situation, and establishes surplus resources list；(20) the most internet searchs of surplus resources: cellular network base station finds the most microcellulor network of surplus resources according to surplus resources list；(30) relaying access: according to the repeated link quality of free node in connection request node and the most microcellulor network of surplus resources, the repeated link for selecting link-quality best carries out relaying access.The cellular network flow conveyer method based on multi-hop D2D communication of the invention, makes that there are the honeycomb heterogeneous networks of user's integrated distribution to keep load balancing.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of to make that there are user's integrated distributions the invention belongs to honeycomb heterogeneous network technical field of data transmission
The cellular network flow conveyer method based on multi-hop D2D communication of honeycomb heterogeneous network load balancing.
Background technique
Mobile flow transhipment refers to using various wireless communication technology the stream that transmits and ought to be transmitted by cellular network
Data are measured, load, the promotion network key performance of cellular network are reduced with this.In honeycomb self-organizing heterogeneous network, operation
Quotient usually by the lesser microcellulor network of multiple network coverage area (such as: Pico cell and Femo cell etc.) be deployed in
The spectrum utilization efficiency in region is improved in traditional cellular network (Macro cell), alleviates the flow pressure of hot spot region
And promote end-user experience.But due to the random distribution of user time and space, it will lead to the unbalanced feelings of network load
Condition occurs, and is can use in this case based on the mobile flow transhipment technology of D2D communication and realizes Network Load Balance.
If user only needs the flows such as the shared, multiplayer of content woth no need to by the application of base station or core network
Service promotes service experience then it is contemplated that directly carrying out flow transhipment by the D2D communication technology between user.But this stream
The defect of amount transhipment strategy is the transhipment of the flow between it can only realize user, cannot achieve the internetwork flow of microcellulor and turns
Fortune.When user has the demand of access network, this strategy is unable to satisfy the demand of terminal user.At this time it is contemplated that utilizing
The D2D communication technology carries out network trunk access, and making user's access, there are also the microcellulor networks of surplus resources, obtains Internet resources.
Flow transhipment technology in presently relevant research is based on single-hop D2D communication more.And the communication distance of single-hop D2D communication
It is extremely limited, it is relatively specific for the network scenarios [1] [2] [3] that user in network was uniformly distributed or obeyed a certain specific distribution.
But in the application scenarios of many honeycomb heterogeneous networks, user is not necessarily all equally distributed, but is more intensively distributed in
In certain hot spot regions, other area distributions are then less (such as: market, teaching building and Conference Hall etc.).For such field
For scape, if user of the integrated distribution in hot spot region only uses the flow transhipment technology based on single-hop D2D communication, no
Can only there be very big access contention between user, and many users will be unable to be relayed to the idle micro-cellular network outside hot spot region
Network.
Therefore, problem of the existing technology is: the isomery for network internal storage in user's integrated distribution (hot spot region)
There is very big access contention, network load between will lead to user in cellular network scene, the flow transhipment based on single-hop D2D communication
It is unbalanced.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cellular network flow conveyer methods based on multi-hop D2D communication, make to exist
The honeycomb heterogeneous network of user's integrated distribution keeps load balancing.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
A kind of cellular network flow conveyer method based on multi-hop D2D communication, includes the following steps:
(10) surplus resources list is established: cellular network base station requests all microcellulor networks to upload surplus resources situation,
And establish surplus resources list；
(20) the most internet searchs of surplus resources: cellular network base station finds surplus resources most according to surplus resources list
More microcellulor networks；
(30) relaying access: according in free node in connection request node and the most microcellulor network of surplus resources
After link-quality, the repeated link for selecting link-quality best carries out relaying access.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage are as follows:
Make there are the honeycomb heterogeneous network of user's integrated distribution keep load balancing.
The present invention causes network load is unbalanced to ask due to user in honeycomb heterogeneous network there are integrated distribution
Topic proposes to carry out flow relaying transhipment using the multi-hop D2D communication technology, when carrying out the selection of D2D relay route with microcellulor residue
The Combination selection standard of resource and network link quality as relay route.By apply this method, be able to use family it is preferential in
It is seized after the access more microcellulors of surplus resources to reduce user in microcellulor resource in hot spot region, reduces user
Between relaying access interference.Be shown experimentally that, with traditional honeycomb heterogeneous network mode (no flow transhipment strategy) and with away from
It is compared from the method as relaying routing standard, the present invention can further increase under the premise of guaranteeing QoS of customer
The overall throughput and user's access rate of system.
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the main flow charts of the multi-hop D2D cellular network flow conveyer method communicated.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the most internet search steps of surplus resources in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of relaying access step in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is honeycomb heterogeneous network model configuration diagram.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, including the following steps: the present invention is based on the cellular network flow conveyer method of multi-hop D2D communication
(10) surplus resources list is established: cellular network base station requests all microcellulor networks to upload surplus resources situation,
And establish surplus resources list；
The relay traffic transhipment honeycomb heterogeneous system model configuration based on multi-hop D2D communication in the present invention is described as follows:
Include altogether two distinct types of network in network, is that traditional cellular network and M network coverage are lesser micro- respectively
Cellular network (i.e. Pico cell).Cellular network and microcellulor network have different usable spectrum resource quantities, and in system
Network totality usable spectrum resource quantity no longer changes after carrying out initializing set.Microcellulor network timing in network is to honeycomb
Network uploads its surplus resources situation, and cellular network carries out the residual resource information of all microcellulor networks in the form of a list
Storage, and timely update according to the case where upload.N number of user is unevenly dispersed in network, each user is with identical
Probability issues connection request to network and has basic requirement to the service quality of network.In cellular network coverage area
There are hot spot region, user can be according to actual subjective demand and integrated distribution leads to the network of hot spot region in hot spot region
Load is higher, and the microcellulor network in hot spot region is denoted as η by the present invention.Outside hot spot region, user distribution is relatively dispersed, net
Network load is lower.Assuming that cellular network has been in full load condition, no surplus resources are supplied to user access network, and there are micro-
There are also surplus resources for cellular network.If can establish each other in coverage area of terminal user's distance in D2D communication
D2D communication link carries out flow transhipment.D2D communication is controlled by cellular network, and the communication resource uses cellular network resource.In network
It is different comprising cellular network communication, microcellulor network communication, relay node and microcellulor network communication and D2D communication etc. altogether
Communication pattern, wherein D2D communication carried out data transmission using uplink, the interference in network be also these four communication patterns it
Between the interference that generates.Phone user and microcellulor user work under OFDMA mode, and the user in identical network is using just
Channel is handed over, therefore noiseless between each other.In addition, it is contemplated that the fading characteristic of wireless channel, communicates compared to single-hop D2D, it is more
Jumping the performances such as delivery rate and the time delay of D2D communication can all be declined, therefore, in order to ensure that service quality, the present invention considers that user exists
When carrying out flow transhipment using the multi-hop D2D communication technology, maximum D2D communication hop count is no more than double bounce.
(20) the most internet searchs of surplus resources: cellular network base station finds surplus resources most according to surplus resources list
More microcellulor networks；
As shown in Fig. 2, the most internet search steps of (20) surplus resources include:
(21) surplus resources list judges: judging whether surplus resources list Lx is sky, if so, then going to (22) can not connect
Enter prompt step；Otherwise, the most microcellulor network PBSi of surplus resources is found；
(22) can not access prompt: discovery connection request node x can not access the prompt of cellular network, go to (10) residue
The Resources list establishment step.
(30) relaying access: according in free node in connection request node and the most microcellulor network of surplus resources
After link-quality, the repeated link for selecting link-quality best carries out relaying access.
As shown in figure 3, described (30) relaying access step includes:
(31) primary link quality evaluation: for being arbitrarily in the most microcellulor network PBSi coverage area of surplus resources
Free node Ni, if communication distance between connection request node x and Ni is less than d2d communication distance, according to link data
Transmission rate assesses the main repeated link quality between connection request node x and free node Ni；
(32) primary link relaying access: if meeting network threshold there is no repeated link in all potential repeated links
Value Cth then goes to (33) step；Otherwise, the repeated link that connection request node x selects link-quality best carries out relaying and connects
Enter；
(33) secondary link-quality assessment: for being in together in the most microcellulor network PBSi coverage area of surplus resources
Another any free node Nj, if in its d2d communication coverage for being in free node Ni, and with connection request node x
Between communication distance be less than d2d communication distance, then according to link data transmission rate, assess the pair between connection request node x and Ni
Repeated link quality；
(34) secondary link trunking access: if meeting network threshold there is no repeated link in all potential repeated links
Value Cth, cellular network base station deletes the most microcellulor network PBSi of surplus resources from surplus resources list Lx, and goes to
(20) the most internet search steps of surplus resources；Otherwise, the repeated link that connection request node x selects link-quality best carries out
Relaying access.
Fig. 4 is honeycomb heterogeneous network model configuration diagram.In honeycomb heterogeneous network, network service quality is all users
One significant concern point.In the honeycomb heterogeneous system model that is considered of the present invention, when the user in network by D2D relaying come
When accessing microcellulor network, in order to guarantee that the network service quality of user, the selected repeated link of user are sent up to data
Rate has to the threshold value higher than network provision.The path relay node number of repeated link Li is defined as RN, by Li up to number
C is defined as according to transmission rateLi.For any microcellulor network PBSiFor, resource utilization isWherein
Rallocate=Rlte+Rd2dFor PBSiThe frequency spectrum resource of (occupied), R are distributedlteIndicate micro- bee of microcellulor network user occupancy
Nest network PBSiFrequency spectrum resource, Rd2dIndicate that user accesses microcellulor network PBS by D2D modeiOccupied frequency spectrum resource；
RtotalIndicate microcellulor network PBSiAll available frequency spectrum resources.Based on defined above, cellular network problem of load balancing is just
It can model and be described as in link data transmission rate CthPass through optimal multi-hop D2D under constraint condition (maximum hop count is double bounce)
Relay selection method makes all microcellulor resource utilization summations in network realize maximized problem, and optimization aim expression formula is such as
Under:
s.t.
Rallocate≤Rtotoal
Rlte,Rd2d∈{0,1,2....Rtotoal}
RN∈{1,2}
CLi≥Cth
First constraint condition is so that the occupied frequency spectrum resource number of PBS is less than PBS frequency spectrum resource sum.Second about
Beam condition shows Rlte,Rd2dIt is 0 to RtotalNonnegative integer in section.Third constraint condition indicates repeated link in network
D2D hop count be up to double bounce.The last one constraint condition makes the repeated link data transfer rates of all user's selections necessary
Greater than network threshold, to guarantee the QoE of user.
For the transmission loss of data, the present invention has comprehensively considered path loss and shadow fading the two factors.Path
Loss uses the path loss model based on transmission range, for the user using honeycomb and microcellulor pattern communication,
Path loss are as follows: L (d) (dB)=40.9+37.6lg (d)+26lg (fc/ 5), wherein d is distance of the user to respective base station, fc
For carrier frequency.Path loss for the user using D2D relayed communications, between D2D communication are as follows: L (d) (dB)=79+
40lg(d)+30lg(fc), wherein d distance between D2D user, fcFor carrier frequency.For shadow fading, used herein is
The just lunar shadow fading model of typical logarithm: x=A*r1+B*r2, wherein A and B is related coefficient, r1And r2For standard gaussian change
Amount, the standard deviation of shadow fading are 10dBm.
So that guarantee the service quality of network, only when the data transfer rates of node are greater than given threshold value, network is recognized
It is met the requirements for repeated link, can use link trunking access network.The arbitrary node in network known to Shannon's theorems
Data available transmission rate are as follows:
Cmax=W*log2(1+γ) (1)
(1) W is channel width in formula, and γ is signal-to-noise ratio.Designed transhipment strategy interior joint passes through relay access network network
Maximum D2D communication hop count be no more than double bounce.It is assumed that wherein user A is to issue connection to ask there are user A, user B and user C
The user asked, and it is expected to relay by the double bounce of user B and user C to access microcellulor network P, then user A with D2D mode
The reachable data transmission rate on this repeated link are as follows:
maxCAmax=min (Wlog2(1+γB),Wlog2(1+γC),Wlog2(1+γPBS)) (2)
(2) γ in formulaBFor the value of user's B snr of received signal, γCFor the value of user's C snr of received signal, PBS table
Show the base station of microcellulor network P, and γPBSFor the value of PBS snr of received signal.And when user A is with the access of D2D communication pattern
When microcellulor network P, the Signal-to-Noise that user B, user C and PBS are received respectively is respectively as follows:
(3), the P in (4) and (5) formulaA、PBAnd PCRespectively indicate the transmitting function of phone user A, B and microcellulor user C
Rate, Gm,nAnd Gm,PBSRetrievable overall channel gains and user m are respectively indicated when user m carries out data transmission to user n to micro-
Overall channel gains between cellular base station PBS, SB、SCAnd SPBSWhen respectively indicating user A and not accessing network, phone user B, microcellulor
The signal strength indication that user C and PBS are received.And SB、SCAnd SPBSIt is respectively as follows:
SB=N0+PmGm,B (6)
(6), the N in (7) and (8) formula0Indicate white Gaussian noise, PmIndicate the corresponding transmission power of cellular network subscriber, Pp
Indicate the corresponding transmission power of user in microcellulor network, FpIndicate the available frequency number of segment of any microcellulor network.More than being based on
Expression formula can be in the hope of the peak data transfer rate maxC of any one repeated link in networkmax。
Although cellular network is supplied to user access network without surplus resources, the microcellulor network in network is also
Surplus resources.For issuing the user of connection request, D2D technology can be used and relayed, it is allowed to access micro-cellular network
Network obtains service.System model regulation in the present invention, if all microcellulor networks there are also surplus resources receive user's
Connection request, the then access request of consenting user.By integrated distribution in hot spot region can trunk subscriber be divided into two classes: the first kind
User has the ability to relay microcellulor network more idle outside access hot spot region by D2D；Second class user is due to distributing position
And the factors such as link-quality can not relay the idle microcellulor network outside access hot spot region by D2D, and can only relay and connect
Enter the microcellulor network η in hot spot region.Multi-hop D2D relay traffic transhipment algorithm based on surplus resources is with the micro- bee of network
The first standard that the surplus resources of nest are selected as D2D relay route, the user for issuing connection request are surplus according to all microcellulors
Remaining resource number sequentially attempt relaying access, and the non-preferential selection microcellulor nearest apart from user accesses.I.e.
For the first kind user in the hot spot region, preferential selection allows its access to be distributed in outside hot spot region surplus resources most
More microcellulor networks.It can evade as far as possible in this way and generate access interference with the second class user, improve resource utilization.It is simultaneously
The service quality for guaranteeing user, when carrying out the selection of D2D relay route, the node in network is needed to all potential relaying chains
Road quality is assessed, the second standard that link-quality is selected as relay route.Only when the quality of repeated link can
When meeting the needs of user is basic, node can just select the optimal path of link-quality to carry out relaying access, realize flow transhipment.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of cellular network flow conveyer method based on multi-hop D2D communication, includes the following steps:
(10) surplus resources list is established: cellular network base station requests all microcellulor networks to upload surplus resources situation, and builds
Vertical surplus resources list；
(20) the most internet searchs of surplus resources: it is most to find surplus resources according to surplus resources list for cellular network base station
Microcellulor network；
(30) relaying access: according to the relaying chain of free node in connection request node and the most microcellulor network of surplus resources
Road quality, the repeated link for selecting link-quality best carry out relaying access；
The most internet search steps of (20) surplus resources include:
(21) surplus resources list judges: judging surplus resources list LxWhether it is sky, is mentioned if so, then going to (22) and can not access
Show step；Otherwise, the most microcellulor network PBS of surplus resources is foundi；
(22) can not access prompt: discovery connection request node x can not access the prompt of cellular network, go to (10) surplus resources
List establishment step；
It is characterized in that, (30) relaying access step includes:
(31) primary link quality evaluation: for being arbitrarily in the most microcellulor network PBS of surplus resourcesiIn coverage area from
By node NiIf connection request node x and NiBetween communication distance be less than d2d communication distance, then sent according to link data
Rate, assessment connection request node x and free node NiBetween main repeated link quality；
(32) primary link relaying access: if meeting network threshold there is no repeated link in all potential repeated links
Cth, then (33) step is gone to；Otherwise, the repeated link that connection request node x selects link-quality best carries out relaying access；
(33) secondary link-quality assessment: for being in the most microcellulor network PBS of surplus resources togetheriIt is another in coverage area
Any free node NjIf it is in free node NiD2d communication coverage in, and it is logical between connection request node x
Communication distance is less than d2d communication distance, then according to link data transmission rate, assesses connection request node x and NiBetween secondary relaying chain
Road quality；
(34) secondary link trunking access: if meeting network threshold there is no repeated link in all potential repeated links
Cth, the cellular network base station microcellulor network PBS that surplus resources are mostiFrom surplus resources list LxMiddle deletion, and go to
(20) the most internet search steps of surplus resources；Otherwise, the repeated link that connection request node x selects link-quality best carries out
Relaying access.
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