Wide-angle lens
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a wide-angle lens.
Background
The head-mounted display provides panoramic video to a user through an optical system to perform relevant interaction and operation, so as to bring people to experience personally on the scene, and the technology is widely applied to the fields of entertainment, medical treatment, education and the like. With the rapid development of virtual reality technology, more and more high-quality panoramic videos are required to perform relevant content enrichment. Accordingly, portable panoramic cameras for taking panoramic videos have gained increasing attention. Currently, the F number (the ratio of the focal length of the lens to the clear aperture) of a wide-angle lens with a view angle of more than 180 degrees of a panoramic camera is mostly more than 2.4, the brightness of an image is low, and most of the wide-angle lens are all-glass lenses, and the manufacturing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wide-angle lens to overcome the defect that the brightness of an image is low due to the fact that the F number of the wide-angle lens is large in the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a wide-angle lens which characterized in that, wide-angle lens has from the object space to the image space coaxial arrangement in proper order:
the first lens is a spherical mirror, the focal power of the first lens is negative, and the first lens comprises a first spherical surface and a second spherical surface;
the second lens is an aspherical mirror, the focal power of the second lens is negative, and the second lens comprises a first aspherical surface and a second aspherical surface;
the third lens is a spherical lens, the focal power of the third lens is positive, and the third lens comprises a third spherical surface and a fourth spherical surface;
a diaphragm;
the fourth lens is an aspherical lens, the focal power of the fourth lens is positive, and the fourth lens comprises a third aspherical surface and a fifth spherical surface;
the fifth lens is a spherical mirror, the focal power of the fifth lens is negative, and the fifth lens comprises a sixth spherical surface and a fourth aspherical surface;
the optical filter comprises a first flat plate surface and a second flat plate surface which are oppositely arranged;
the first spherical surface, the second spherical surface, the first aspheric surface, the second aspheric surface, the third spherical surface, the fourth spherical surface, the diaphragm, the third aspheric surface, the fifth spherical surface, the sixth spherical surface, the fourth aspheric surface, the first plane surface and the second plane surface are coaxially arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side.
Preferably, the first lens and the third lens are made of glass; the second lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens are all made of plastics.
Preferably, the refractive index of the second lens and the refractive index of the fourth lens are both 1.43-1.63, and the abbe number of the second lens and the abbe number of the fourth lens are both 50-60.
Preferably, the refractive index of the first lens is 1.62-1.82, and the abbe number is 45-55; the refractive index of the third lens is 1.74-1.94, and the Abbe number is 18-28; the refractive index of the fifth lens is 1.53-1.73, and the Abbe number is 18-28.
Preferably, the refractive index of the optical filter is 1.41 to 1.61, and the abbe number is 59 to 69.
Preferably, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 2.31 to 4.5;
the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the second lens to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 3.68-5.12;
the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the third lens to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 5.52-7.38;
the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the fourth lens to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 3.35-6.27;
and the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the fifth lens to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 18.26-21.3.
Preferably, the fourth lens is cemented with the fifth lens, wherein a fifth spherical surface of the fourth lens is cemented with a sixth spherical surface of the fifth lens, and the radius of curvature of the fifth spherical surface is the same as that of the sixth spherical surface.
Preferably, the curvature radius of the first spherical surface is 28.33mm, and the thickness is 0.97mm;
the curvature radius of the second spherical surface is 3.6mm, and the thickness of the second spherical surface is 3.28mm;
the curvature radius of the first aspheric surface is-15.922 mm, and the thickness of the first aspheric surface is 0.91mm;
the curvature radius of the second aspheric surface is 4.34mm, and the thickness of the second aspheric surface is 2.49mm;
the curvature radius of the third spherical surface is-65.69 mm, and the thickness of the third spherical surface is 2.38mm;
the curvature radius of the fourth spherical surface is-7.49 mm, and the thickness of the fourth spherical surface is 5.25mm;
the curvature radius of the diaphragm is infinity, and the thickness of the diaphragm is 0.05mm;
the radius of curvature of the third aspheric surface is 2.63mm, and the thickness is 1.51mm;
the curvature radius of the fifth spherical surface is-2.26 mm, and the thickness of the fifth spherical surface is 1.96mm;
the curvature radius of the sixth spherical surface is-2.26 mm, and the thickness of the sixth spherical surface is 1.96mm;
the curvature radius of the fourth aspheric surface is-8.11 mm, and the thickness is 1.88mm;
the curvature radius of the first flat plate surface is infinity, and the thickness of the first flat plate surface is 0.4mm;
the curvature radius of the second flat plate surface is infinity, and the thickness of the second flat plate surface is 1.29mm.
Preferably, the wide-angle lens has an F-number of 2 and a field angle of 185 degrees.
Preferably, the second lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens are all even order aspherical mirrors;
the third aspheric surface of the fourth lens is an even aspheric surface, and the fourth aspheric surface of the fifth lens is an even aspheric surface.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
the wide-angle lens provided by the invention effectively reduces the F number of the wide-angle lens through a proper optimization structure, and improves the image brightness and the imaging quality of a panoramic video shot by the wide-angle lens; in addition, the invention reduces the weight of the wide-angle lens and optimizes the unit price cost of the wide-angle lens by adopting a combined structure of different materials of glass and plastic.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wide-angle lens according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an optical path diagram of a wide-angle lens according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the optical distortion of a wide-angle lens according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a curvature of field diagram of the wide-angle lens according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a MTF graph of the wide-angle lens according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph illustrating relative illuminance of a wide-angle lens according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
First lens 10
First spherical surface 11
Second spherical surface 12
Second lens 20
First aspherical surface 21
Second aspherical surface 22
Third lens 30
Third spherical surface 31
Fourth spherical surface 32
Fourth lens 40
Third aspherical surface 41
Fifth spherical surface 42
Fifth lens 50
Sixth spherical surface 51
Fourth aspherical surface 52
Diaphragm 60
Optical filter 70
First flat plate surface 71
Second plate surface 72
Direction X
Image plane 80
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As will be understood from fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a wide-angle lens, in which a first lens 10, a second lens 20, a third lens 30, a stop 60, a fourth lens 40, a fifth lens 50, and a filter 70 are coaxially arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side (i.e., an image plane 80) along a direction X. The first lens 10 and the third lens 30 are made of glass; the second lens 20, the fourth lens 40 and the fifth lens 50 are all made of plastic.
The first lens 10 is a spherical mirror, the focal power of the first lens 10 is negative, and the first lens 10 includes a first spherical surface 11 and a second spherical surface 12. The second lens 20 is an aspherical mirror, the power of the second lens 20 is negative, and the second lens 20 includes a first aspherical surface 21 and a second aspherical surface 22. The third lens 30 is a spherical mirror, the focal power of the third lens 30 is positive, and the third lens 30 includes a third spherical surface 31 and a fourth spherical surface 32. The fourth lens 40 is an aspherical mirror, the focal power of the fourth lens 40 is positive, and the fourth lens 40 includes a third aspherical surface 41 and a fifth spherical surface 42. The fifth lens 50 is a spherical mirror, the power of the fifth lens 50 is negative, and the fifth lens 50 includes a sixth spherical surface 51 and a fourth aspherical surface 52. The filter 70 includes a first plate surface 71 and a second plate surface 72 that are disposed opposite to each other. The first spherical surface 11, the second spherical surface 12, the first aspherical surface 21, the second aspherical surface 22, the third spherical surface 31, the fourth spherical surface 32, the diaphragm 60, the third aspherical surface 41, the fifth spherical surface 42, the sixth spherical surface 51, the fourth aspherical surface 52, the first plane surface 71, and the second plane surface 72 are coaxially arranged in this order from the object side to the image side. The fourth lens 40 is cemented with the fifth lens 50, wherein the fifth spherical surface 42 of the fourth lens 40 is cemented with the sixth spherical surface 51 of the fifth lens 50, and the curvature radius of the fifth spherical surface 42 is the same as that of the sixth spherical surface 51. Second lens 20, fourth lens 40, and fifth lens 50 are all even-order aspheric mirrors. The third aspheric surface 41 of the fourth lens element 40 is an even aspheric surface, and the fourth aspheric surface 52 of the fifth lens element 50 is an even aspheric surface.
In the present embodiment, the refractive index and abbe number of the second lens 20 and the fourth lens 40 are both 1.43 to 1.63 and 50 to 60, respectively. Preferably, the refractive index of each of the second lens 20 and the fourth lens 40 is 1.53, and the abbe number thereof is 55.74. The refractive index of the first lens 10 is 1.62-1.82, and the Abbe number is 45-55; the refractive index of the third lens 30 is 1.74-1.94, and the Abbe number is 18-28; the fifth lens 50 has a refractive index of 1.53 to 1.73 and an Abbe number of 18 to 28. Preferably, the refractive index of the first lens 10 is 1.72, the abbe number is 50.35; the refractive index of the third lens 30 is 1.84, and the abbe number is 23.78; the refractive index of the fifth lens 50 is 1.63, and the abbe number is 23.97. The refractive index of the filter 70 is 1.41 to 1.61, and the abbe number is 59 to 69. Preferably, the refractive index of the optical filter 70 is 1.516 and the abbe number is 64.1.
In this embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens 10 to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 2.31 to 4.5; the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the second lens 20 to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 3.68-5.12; the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the third lens 30 to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 5.52-7.38; the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the fourth lens 40 to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 3.35-6.27; the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the fifth lens 50 to the focal length of the wide-angle lens is 18.26 to 21.3.
In the present embodiment, the radius of curvature of the first spherical surface 11 is 28.33mm, and the thickness is 0.97mm. The radius of curvature of the second spherical surface 12 is 3.6mm and the thickness is 3.28mm. The first aspherical surface 21 had a radius of curvature of-15.922 mm and a thickness of 0.91mm. The second aspherical surface 22 has a radius of curvature of 4.34mm and a thickness of 2.49mm. The radius of curvature of the third spherical surface 31 is-65.69 mm and the thickness is 2.38mm. The radius of curvature of the fourth spherical surface 32 is-7.49 mm, and the thickness is 5.25mm. The diaphragm 60 has a curvature radius of ∞ and a thickness of 0.05mm. The third aspherical surface 41 has a radius of curvature of 2.63mm and a thickness of 1.51mm. The fifth spherical surface 42 has a radius of curvature of-2.26 mm and a thickness of 1.96mm. The curvature radius of the sixth spherical surface 51 is-2.26 mm, and the thickness is 1.96mm. The fourth aspheric surface 52 has a radius of curvature of-8.11 mm and a thickness of 1.88mm. The first flat plate surface 71 has a curvature radius of ∞ and a thickness of 0.4mm. The second plate surface 72 has a radius of curvature of ∞ and a thickness of 1.29mm. Specifically as shown in the following chart:
the aspheric surface type formula of the wide-angle lens is as follows:
in the above formula, z is the distance rise from the aspheric vertex when the height of the aspheric surface in the optical axis direction is r, C is the curvature of the lens surface, k is a conic coefficient, and a, B, C, D, E, F, G, H are high-order aspheric coefficients, and in the present embodiment, the coefficients are a, B, C, D, E, F. The following table is a table of various aspheric parameters:
|
first aspheric surface
|
Second aspheric surface
|
Third aspheric surface
|
The fourth aspheric surface
|
k
|
5.378
|
0
|
-0.13474
|
-11.357
|
A
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
B
|
0.00229
|
0.00184
|
-0.00186
|
0.01149
|
C
|
-0.04719
|
-0.05521
|
-0.82561
|
-1.33982
|
D
|
0.05531
|
0.01524
|
0.29814
|
0.84335
|
E
|
-
|
0.23815
|
-
|
-0.40918
|
F
|
-
|
-0.32638
|
-
|
0.011235 |
In the embodiment, through the arrangement, the F number of the wide-angle lens is 2, the field angle of the wide-angle lens is 185 degrees, and large-aperture wide-angle imaging is achieved. The TTL (distance between a lens plane above a lens light through hole and a light sensing plane of a chip) of the wide-angle lens is 22.4mm, the focal length is 1.36mm, and the maximum diameter of the lens is 15mm.
Fig. 3 is an optical distortion curve diagram of the wide-angle lens of the present embodiment, and fig. 4 is a field curvature diagram of the wide-angle lens of the present embodiment, it can be seen that an absolute value of the field curvature of the wide-angle lens is 0.08mm, a distortion curve is relatively smooth, image compression in a large-angle edge region is relatively gentle, and definition of an expanded image is effectively improved.
Fig. 5 is an MTF curve graph (MTF is a Modulation Transfer Function) of the wide-angle lens of this embodiment, and it can be known from the curve that MTF curves of meridian and sagittal of each field are relatively close, which indicates that the wide-angle lens has relatively good imaging consistency in two directions of meridian (T) and sagittal (S), and the MTF contrast of the full field reaches 0.3, which indicates that the wide-angle lens has relatively good imaging contrast.
Fig. 6 is a contrast curve of the wide-angle lens in this embodiment, where the relative illuminance of the wide-angle lens in the full field of view is greater than 0.7, and the curve is relatively smooth, which indicates that the image brightness of the picture taken by the wide-angle lens in the whole field of view is relatively close, and a local dark situation does not occur.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes or modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of this invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of this invention.