CN107063854B - Device for measuring three-axis test body deformation - Google Patents
Device for measuring three-axis test body deformation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107063854B CN107063854B CN201710065602.9A CN201710065602A CN107063854B CN 107063854 B CN107063854 B CN 107063854B CN 201710065602 A CN201710065602 A CN 201710065602A CN 107063854 B CN107063854 B CN 107063854B
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- pressure chamber
- measuring
- balance
- triaxial
- weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/062—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with mechanical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0266—Cylindrical specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0605—Mechanical indicating, recording or sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring the physical deformation of a triaxial test, wherein a measuring load and a hydraulic pressure chamber are respectively suspended at two ends of a balance beam, a liquid bin of the hydraulic pressure chamber is connected with a triaxial pressure chamber, and a gas bin is connected with a gas source. The weight of the water body entering the triaxial pressure chamber through the hydraulic pressure chamber is achievedMeasuring the volume change of a sample in the triaxial pressure chamber; weighing the weight of the water body entering the triaxial pressure chamber in the water-air pressure chamber through a balance; through the liquid level tube, the weighing accuracy of the balance and the volume change of the sample in the triaxial pressure chamber are checked, so that errors are avoided, and repeated weighing is avoided; the protection device is used for preventing the beam from rapidly swinging to a large extent, protecting the balance and protecting the water pressure chamber and the three-axis pressure chamber; the change of gravity can be conveniently read through the load sensor and the electronic scale. The invention has simple structure, high measurement precision and convenient operation, can meet the requirement of a triaxial test, and the precision of actually measuring the body variation can reach 0.1cm3And even smaller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring device, in particular to a device for measuring a triaxial test body variation.
Background
The triaxial test is the most common test means for researching the strength and deformation characteristics of rock-soil mass, and the basic principle is to apply confining pressure and axial stress to a cylindrical rock-soil sample in a triaxial apparatus pressure chamber according to a certain stress path, and measure the axial strain and the volume change of the sample under different stress states until the sample is sheared and damaged.
For saturated soil, the measurement of the volume change is generally measured by adopting a method for measuring the volume change of water in a sample, but due to the limitation of an indoor test means, an ideal saturation state is difficult to achieve in many times, certain gas is always reserved in the sample, so that the volume change curve of a triaxial test is discontinuous or relatively large deviation is generated between the volume change curve and a real volume change, and the accuracy of the measurement of the volume change of the triaxial test sample is influenced.
For unsaturated soil bodies and general rock bodies, the change of the radial radius on a typical section of a sample is measured to calculate and obtain the volume change of the sample, and because the radial radius change of each section of the sample is uneven and the change difference of the radial radius of the end part of the sample and the radial radius of the middle part of the sample is large, the method for measuring the radial deformation of the typical section also has defects and cannot reflect the real volume change in the triaxial test process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the device for measuring the triaxial test body variation, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and high measurement precision.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a device for measuring the three-axis test body variation is characterized in that a weighing device is arranged at the top of a hydraulic pressure chamber; the liquid bin of the water-gas pressure chamber is connected with the three-axis pressure chamber, and the gas bin is connected with the gas source; and a liquid level pipe with two ends respectively connected with the liquid bin and the gas bin is arranged outside the water-gas pressure chamber.
The liquid level pipe is provided with scales. The change of the water level in the hydraulic pressure chamber is read through the liquid level pipe, so that the weighing precision of the balance can be checked, the volume change of the three-axis pressure chamber can be checked, calculation errors and errors are avoided, and repeated measurement is avoided.
The weighing device is a balance, and a measuring load and a water-air pressure chamber are respectively suspended at two ends of a beam of the balance.
Furthermore, a protection device is arranged at the top of the balance, and the protection device is a cross rod with limiting rods arranged at the bottoms of two ends of the cross rod respectively. The limiting rod limits the large-amplitude swing of the cross beam to play a role in protecting the water pressure chamber; meanwhile, the sudden flow of water vapor in the reverse-actuated water vapor pressure chamber due to the over-large swing of the cross beam is avoided.
The beam is provided with a balance dial with a pointer, and the balance state can be measured in an auxiliary identification mode.
Furthermore, the cross bar is connected with a balance point of a balance beam, and the cross bar is parallel to the cross beam. The transverse rods and the transverse beams are driven to keep parallel to each other constantly, so that the swinging range of the transverse rods is enlarged while the rapid swinging amplitude of the transverse rods is limited, and the transverse rods have excellent operability on large weight change of the water-air pressure chamber.
Furthermore, the cross rod is connected with a balance support, and the cross rod is perpendicular to the support.
Furthermore, weights are arranged on the cross rods.
The measuring load comprises a weight tray with weights.
Further, the weight tray is connected with the cross beam through a load sensor.
Furthermore, an electronic scale is arranged at the bottom of the weight tray, and changes of gravity can be read more conveniently through the load sensor and the electronic scale.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the device for measuring the three-axis test body change, the volume change of the sample in the three-axis pressure chamber is measured through the weight of the water body entering the three-axis pressure chamber in the water-air pressure chamber; weighing the weight of the water body entering the triaxial pressure chamber in the water-air pressure chamber through a balance; the accuracy of balance weighing can be checked through a liquid level pipe outside the hydraulic pressure chamber, the volume change of a sample in the triaxial pressure chamber is checked, errors are avoided, and repeated weighing is avoided; the protection device is used for preventing the beam from rapidly swinging to a large extent, protecting the balance and protecting the water pressure chamber and the three-axis pressure chamber; the change of gravity can be conveniently read through the load sensor and the electronic scale.
The device for measuring the body deformation of the triaxial test has the advantages of simple structure, high measurement precision and convenient operation, can meet the requirements of a common triaxial test, and can actually measure the body deformation with the precision of 0.1cm3Even smaller, with great utility and wide applicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for measuring a triaxial test body variation according to the present invention.
The designations in the drawings have the following meanings: 1. the device comprises a balance, 2, a beam, 3, weights, 4, weight disks, 5, a load sensor, 6, an electronic scale, 7, a large load disk, 8, a hydraulic pressure chamber, 9, an air chamber, 10, a liquid chamber, 11, an air source, 12, a triaxial pressure chamber, 13, a liquid level pipe, 14, a cross bar, 15, a limiting rod, 16, a support, 17 and a pointer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Example 1
A device for measuring the three-axis test physical deformation is characterized in that a weight pan 4 with weights 3 and a hydraulic pressure chamber 8 are respectively suspended at two ends of a beam 2 of a balance 1, a liquid bin 10 of the hydraulic pressure chamber 8 is connected with a three-axis pressure chamber, and an air bin 9 is connected with an air source.
The outside of the water-gas pressure chamber 8 is provided with a liquid level pipe 13 with scales, the two ends of which are respectively connected with the liquid bin 10 and the gas bin 9.
The balance point of the beam 2 of the balance 1 is provided with a balance dial with a pointer 17.
The beam 2 of the balance 1 is kept in a horizontal state by increasing or decreasing the weights 3 in the weight tray 4; the weight change of the water gas pressure chamber 8 is measured by the weight change of the weight 3, and then the triaxial test body change is measured.
The change of the water level in the water pressure chamber 8 can be read through the liquid level pipe 13, and the measurement accuracy of the balance 1 and the water body change of the triaxial pressure chamber can be further detected; the accuracy of the measurement is verified while errors are eliminated and avoided.
Example 2
A cross bar 14 parallel to the cross beam 2 is arranged on the cross beam 2 in the embodiment 1, and the connection point is a balance point of the cross beam 2; limiting rods 15 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the two ends of the cross rod 14, and the limiting rods 15 limit the large-amplitude swing of the cross beam 2 to protect the hydraulic pressure chamber 8.
The weights 3 are arranged on the cross rods 14, so that the functions of balancing and loading are achieved, and the load of the weight plates 4 is reduced.
Example 3
A cross bar 14 perpendicular to the support 16 is arranged at the top of the support 16 of the balance 1 in embodiment 1, the bottom of each of two ends of the cross bar 14 is provided with a limiting rod 15, and the limiting rods 15 limit the large-amplitude swing of the cross beam 2 to protect the hydraulic pressure chamber 8.
The cross rod 14 is provided with the weight 3, and the cross rod 14 plays a role of a weight 3 rack.
Example 4
The weight pan 4 of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 or embodiment 3 is suspended below the cross beam 2 by the load cell 5, and the bottom of the weight pan 4 is provided with the electronic scale 6.
When the measurement is initial, the total weight of the weight 3 is more than or equal to the water-gas pressure chamber 8, and the electronic scale 6 is ensured to accurately bear the weight.
The weight change of the water gas pressure chamber 8 is measured, and the change of the weight can be read by the load sensor 5 and the electronic scale 6.
According to the actual measurement requirement, if the measuring range is large, the weight and the weight change of the corresponding water pressure chamber 8 are large; while the supporting strength of the balance 1 is enhanced, a heavy load disk 7 can be added on the top of the load sensor 5 or the weight 3 on the cross bar 14 can be adjusted to adjust the weight measurement and balance.
According to the using place, the bottom of the balance 1 can be additionally provided with a pulley, so that the mobility is increased, and the moving device is protected.
The simple operation, under the circumstances of guaranteeing to weigh the precision, the electron that the weighing device can select to hang is called, is hung etc..
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A device for measuring the triaxial test body variation is characterized in that a beam of a balance is supported by a support, a water pressure chamber is suspended at one end of the beam, and a measuring load is suspended at the other end of the beam;
the liquid bin of the water-gas pressure chamber is connected with the three-axis pressure chamber, and the gas bin is connected with the gas source; the two ends of a liquid level pipe with scales are respectively connected with a liquid bin and a gas bin outside the hydraulic pressure chamber;
the top of the balance is provided with a protection device which is a cross rod with two ends and bottoms provided with limiting rods respectively; the cross rod is vertically connected with the support, and the swing amplitude of the cross beam is limited by the limiting rod.
2. A device for measuring triaxial test body variation according to claim 1, wherein the cross beam is provided with a balance dial with a pointer.
3. The device for measuring the deformation of the triaxial test body according to claim 1, wherein the cross bar is provided with a weight.
4. The device for measuring triaxial test body variation according to claim 1, wherein the load measuring device comprises a weighted weight tray.
5. The device for measuring the triaxial test body variation according to claim 4, wherein the weight tray is connected with the cross beam through a load sensor, and an electronic scale is arranged at the bottom of the weight tray.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710065602.9A CN107063854B (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2017-02-06 | Device for measuring three-axis test body deformation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710065602.9A CN107063854B (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2017-02-06 | Device for measuring three-axis test body deformation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107063854A CN107063854A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
| CN107063854B true CN107063854B (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710065602.9A Active CN107063854B (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2017-02-06 | Device for measuring three-axis test body deformation |
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| CN (1) | CN107063854B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108106940A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-01 | 华侨大学 | A kind of triaxial tests instrument test specimen apparatus for measuring quality |
| CN108072571A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-05-25 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of device for being used to measure the change of rock-soil triaxial tests ectosome |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4502338A (en) * | 1983-05-16 | 1985-03-05 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Triaxial apparatus for testing particulate material and method of using the same |
| AU2002250366A1 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-10-03 | University Of Florida | Enhanced triaxial tester with volume change device for measurement of flow properties of dry particulate systems under low confining pressures |
| CN201429442Y (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2010-03-24 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | High-precision measuring device for outer volume change in rock-soil triaxial test |
| CN102175527A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-09-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Unsaturated deformation measuring device for dynamic static tri-axial tester |
| CN203069461U (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2013-07-17 | 桂林理工大学 | Triaxial soil test device under water and soil chemical action |
| CN206488993U (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-09-12 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of device for being used to measure the change of triaxial test body |
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- 2017-02-06 CN CN201710065602.9A patent/CN107063854B/en active Active
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Effective date of registration: 20221018 Address after: Room 619, East Building E1, Nanjing University of Technology Industrial Park, No. 15, Wanshou Road, Jiangpu Street, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Patentee after: NANJING JIOU UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 1 No. 211167 Jiangsu city of Nanjing province Jiangning Science Park Hongjing Road Patentee before: NANJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY |
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