CN107063612A - A kind of blisk kinematic similarity is test bed - Google Patents
A kind of blisk kinematic similarity is test bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN107063612A CN107063612A CN201710255874.5A CN201710255874A CN107063612A CN 107063612 A CN107063612 A CN 107063612A CN 201710255874 A CN201710255874 A CN 201710255874A CN 107063612 A CN107063612 A CN 107063612A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/027—Specimen mounting arrangements, e.g. table head adapters
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed and method of testing, including pedestal, part of detecting and part of data acquisition.Test the Blisk part being broadly divided under compressor system and the static and dynamic intrinsic frequency of single Blisk part tests two parts.Compressor system part of detecting is by rotor drive part, and cone cylinder, drum barrel, wheel disc, comb tooth and blisk are constituted, and are fixed on by expansion sleeve on main shaft；Part of data acquisition connects conducting slip ring by sensor, and conducting slip ring is fixed on pedestal by conducting slip ring bearing, reconnects LMS test systems, if static test, directly acceleration transducer can be connected in LMS test systems.The present invention meets the static vibration test and dynamic vibration test of blisk under low-pressure compressor experimental system, reduces experimental cost, shortens experimental period.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of test bed technical field of blisk kinematic similarity, more particularly to one kind is based on
The theoretical rotor-support-foundation system testing stand with blisk of kinematic similarity.
Background technology
Foreign countries employ this advanced configuration of blisk, subtracted significantly in the structure design of aero-engine compressor
The light weight of compressor rotor, reduces the weight of compressor rotor, reduces number of parts, and also improve engine
Operating efficiency.On the other hand, extensive use of the advanced optimisation technique in aero-engine structure design causes structure to set
Meter is more rational, is played an important role to developing high performance engine.Blisk is not applied only to develop and neutralized in improvement
Engine on, but also will be used on the engine of following thrust-weight ratio 15-20.
It is more and more stricter along with the requirement to aero-engine performance, the research and development of the large aerospace engine of high thrust-weight ratio
A focus is increasingly becoming, to large-sized blisk, not only its intrinsic frequency is high, and physical size is big, and often torsion type, the vibration shape
It is very irregular, in R＆D process to its it is direct test, the time not only spent is long, and cost is also very big.
At present, it is mostly that the static vibration test of structural member or low order rotate to the experimental provision that blisk is tested
Vibration-testing, test content is very single, and the frequency that test can reach is also very low, and for rotating the vibration of blisk at a high speed
Characteristic test, dynamic characterization measurement of the simulation blisk on compressor system and possesses static test and rotation high-order is surveyed
The experimental bench for trying function is rare.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of kinematic similarity test experimental bed of blisk
And method of testing, blisk static vibration test and the dynamic vibration of the invention that disclosure satisfy that under structural member and compressor system
Test, under conditions of theoretical based on kinematic similarity, is tested dynamic "scale" model blisk, so as to predict
The vibration characteristics and fault characteristic of prototype blisk, greatly shorten experimental period, reduce experimental cost.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed, including base, rotor drive part and part of data acquisition,
Rotor drive part includes motor, main shaft, drum barrel, cone cylinder, comb tooth, wheel disc and whole in the test of blisk under compressor system
Body leaf dish, rotor drive part includes motor, main shaft, fixture and blisk, the motor when Blisk part is tested
Clutch end and main shaft one end by shaft coupling Joint, motor is packed on pedestal by motor cabinet, on main shaft
Cone cylinder, drum barrel, wheel disc and blisk constitute low-pressure compressor system, be fixed on by expansion sleeve on main shaft, main shaft passes through
Mouse cage, bearing block are connected on pedestal；
Conducting slip ring is fixed on the right side of blisk by conducting slip ring bearing by the part of data acquisition through main shaft
On side, the line that acceleration transducer is connected in conducting slip ring inner ring, the line of outer ring is connected in LMS test systems.If static
Acceleration transducer, is directly connected in LMS test systems by test.
T-slot is provided with the pedestal upper surface, motor cabinet, bearing block, conducting slip ring bearing are fixedly mounted with by T-slot
On base.
It is as follows using the test bed function that can be realized of described blisk kinematic similarity
1) the static vibration test of Blisk part
2) static vibration of blisk is tested in low-pressure compressor experimental system
3) the whirling vibration test of Blisk part
4) whirling vibration of blisk is tested in low-pressure compressor experimental system
The test bed method of testing of blisk kinematic similarity, comprises the following steps：
Step one：The prototype blisk of selected research, while recording the relevant parameter of prototype blisk；
Step 2：According to dynamic similarity principle, by the relevant parameter of prototype blisk, it is determined that the model of experiment
Blisk relevant parameter；
Step 3：According to the relevant parameter of the model blisk determined in step 2, the mould for experiment is fabricated
Type blisk；
Step 4：For carrying out different experiments, operate different steps as follows
Test the structural member static vibration test of a model blisk：
The model blisk processed is installed on main shaft according to the status requirement of prototype blisk, it is ensured that model
Blisk it is firm, acceleration transducer is attached on the blade of blisk by 3M glue, now model blisk is quiet
Preparation before state vibration-testing is finished；
The static vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, is tapped successively on blisk in advance using exciting force hammer
The point finished, exciting force hammer can will hit against the data of model blisk generation, by data line transfer to computer, pass through meter
Calculation machine is handled the data of collection, finally gives the static natural frequency ω of model bliskm1；
Test the static vibration test of model blisk in two low-pressure compressor experimental systems：
The model blisk processed and connected cone cylinder, drum barrel, comb tooth etc. are assembled into compressor, will
Compressor is installed on main shaft according to the status requirement of prototype compressor, it is ensured that it is firm that compressor is connected, and will be added by 3M glue
Velocity sensor is attached on the blade of blisk, the standard before now compressor system drag blisk static vibration test
Standby work is finished；
The static vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, is tapped successively on blisk in advance using exciting force hammer
The point finished, exciting force hammer can will hit against the data of model blisk generation, by data line transfer to computer, pass through meter
Calculation machine is handled the data of collection, finally gives the static natural frequency ω of model bliskm2；
Test the whirling vibration test of three model Blisk parts：
Before dynamic vibration test is carried out, the status requirement by the model blisk processed according to prototype blisk
Be installed on main shaft, it is ensured that model blisk it is firm, on main shaft set on conducting slip ring, the outer shroud of conducting slip ring is fixed
On conducting slip ring support, acceleration transducer is attached on blisk with 3M glue, sensor is connected on conducting slip ring,
It is connected finally by data wire with computer, the preparation before now model blisk dynamic vibration test is finished；
The dynamic vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, starts motor first, is rotated by motor belt motor movable vane disk,
And then rotated with movable model blisk, motor speed now is the model blisk rotating speed Ω calculated beforem1,
In model blisk rotation process, the data of collection are simultaneously transferred to computer by the continuous gathered data of sensor, pass through meter
Calculation machine is handled the data of collection, finally gives the dynamic natural frequency ω of each rank of model bliskdm1；
Test the whirling vibration test of model blisk in four low-pressure compressor experimental systems
Before whirling vibration test is carried out, by the model blisk processed, cone cylinder, drum barrel and comb tooth according to prototype pressure
Together, the status requirement according to prototype compressor is installed on main shaft mechanism of qi Standard, it is ensured that model low-pressure compressor
Firmly, the right side of blisk covers conducting slip ring on main shaft, and the outer shroud of conducting slip ring is fixed on conducting slip ring bearing,
Acceleration transducer is attached on blisk with 3M glue, sensor is connected on conducting slip ring, finally by data wire with
Computer is connected, and the preparation before now model blisk whirling vibration test is finished；
The dynamic vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, starts motor first, is rotated by motor belt motor movable vane disk,
And then rotated with movable model blisk, motor speed now is the model blisk rotating speed Ω calculated beforem2,
In model blisk rotation process, the data of collection are simultaneously transferred to computer by the continuous gathered data of sensor, pass through meter
Calculation machine is handled the data of collection, finally gives the dynamic natural frequency ω of each rank of model bliskdm2；
Step 5：Test result as obtained by carrying out the test of static and dynamic vibration to model blisk, prediction is former
The dynamics of type blisk.
Described in step 2 according to dynamic similarity principle, by the relevant parameter of prototype blisk, it is determined that experiment
Model blisk relevant parameter, specifically includes following steps：
Step A：Determine model blisk physical dimension parameter
With reference to prototype blisk and testing stand geometric space, determine that model blisk is each related to prototype blisk
The similarity relation of the parameter likelihood ratio, blisk prototype and model geometric dimensional parameters is：
λ=Gm/Gp
Wherein, λ is blisk prototype and the complete structural model physical dimension likelihood ratio, GmFor model blisk
Physical dimension, GpFor prototype blisk physical dimension.
Step B：Determine model blisk material parameter
The material parameter similarity relation of model blisk is：
λE=Em/Ep
λρ=ρm/ρp
λμ=μm/μp
Wherein, λEFor the modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, EmFor blisk scale model modulus of elasticity, EpFor prototype blisk
Modulus of elasticity, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, ρmFor blisk scale model density, ρpFor prototype blisk density, λμFor Poisson
Than the likelihood ratio, μmFor blisk scale model Poisson's ratio, μpFor prototype blisk Poisson's ratio；
Step C：Determine model blisk wheel disc thickness
The similarity relation of model blisk wheel disc thickness is：
λH=Hm/Hp
Wherein, λHFor the blisk wheel disc thickness likelihood ratio, HmFor model blisk wheel disc thickness, HpIt is overall for prototype
Leaf dish wheel disc thickness.
The determination method of model blisk wheel disc thickness is：Prototype is entered by Ansys finite element emulation softwares first
Row model analysis, obtains each rank intrinsic frequency of blisk prototype and the vibration shape；Prototype blisk wheel disc thickness is carried out sensitive
Property analysis, according to sensitiveness simplified condition can for determine take turns disc thickness similar factors reference be provided；And by changing blisk
Disc thickness is taken turns, so that it is determined that the geometry of the blisk prototype wheel disc thickness dissimilar scale model vibration shape is applicable interval；It is suitable in geometry
Disc thickness is taken turns as blisk distortion scale model wheel disc thickness with being chosen in interval.
Step D：Determine blisk distortion scale model length of blade
The similarity relation of model integrated impeller blade length is：
λL=Lm/Lp
Wherein, λLFor the distortion model length of blade likelihood ratio, LmFor model integrated impeller blade length, LpIt is overall for prototype
Impeller blade length.
The determination method of model integrated impeller blade length is：Prototype is entered by Ansys finite element emulation softwares first
Row model analysis, obtains each rank intrinsic frequency of blisk prototype and the vibration shape；Prototype integrated impeller blade length is carried out sensitive
Property analysis, for determine length of blade similar factors reference is provided；And by changing integrated impeller blade length, so that it is determined that overall
The geometry of the leaf dish prototype length of blade distortion scale model vibration shape is applicable interval；It is applicable in geometry in interval and chooses length of blade work
For blisk distortion scale model length of blade.
The survey as obtained by carrying out the test of static and dynamic vibration to model Blisk part described in step 5
Test result, predicts the dynamics of prototype blisk, that is, predicts the static and dynamic intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, tool
Body Forecasting Methodology is as follows：
1) static state of prototype blisk, the dynamic complete geometric similarity relation of intrinsic frequency are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωmFor the static intrinsic frequency of complete structural model blisk, ωpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, ωdmFor the static intrinsic frequency of complete structural model blisk, ωdpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, λGFor the physical dimension likelihood ratio, λEFor the modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio；
2) static state of blisk wheel disc thickness dissimilar model, dynamic intrinsic frequency calculated relationship are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωpFor the static intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωmConsolidate for the static state of wheel disc thickness model blisk
There are frequency, ωdpFor the dynamic intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωdmFor the intrinsic frequency of dynamic of wheel disc thickness model blisk
Rate, λω,p-tFor prototype and the transition model intrinsic frequency likelihood ratio, λω,t-mIt is similar to distortion model intrinsic frequency for transition model
Than λH,t-mFor transition model and the distortion model wheel disc thickness likelihood ratio, λp-tFor the complete likelihood ratio of physical dimension, λEFor springform
Measure the likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, α, β need to be determined according to sensitivity analysis result.
3) static state of integrated impeller blade length distortion model, dynamic intrinsic frequency calculated relationship are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωpFor the static intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωmConsolidate for the static state of vane thickness model blisk
There are frequency, ωdpFor the dynamic intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωdmFor the intrinsic frequency of dynamic of vane thickness model blisk
Rate, λω,p-tFor prototype and the transition model intrinsic frequency likelihood ratio, λω,t-mIt is similar to distortion model intrinsic frequency for transition model
Than λL,t-mFor transition model and the distortion model length of blade likelihood ratio, λp-tFor the complete likelihood ratio of physical dimension, λEFor springform
Measure the likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, α, β need to be determined according to sensitivity analysis result.Consolidate calculating prototype with distortion model
When having frequency, using 2), 3) formula any one.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The present invention meets the static vibration test of blisk under Blisk part and low-pressure compressor experimental system
With dynamic vibration test, in dynamic vibration test, high-order rotation dynamic test and prediction can be also met, in binding kineticses phase
After theoretical, dynamic "scale" model blisk is tested, to predict the vibration characteristics and failure of prototype blisk
Characteristic, reduces experimental cost, shortens experimental period.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is low-pressure compressor structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 3 is structural representation of the invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, a kind of blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed, including pedestal 2, rotor drive part
And part of data acquisition, rotor drive part include motor 9, main shaft 19, one-level drum barrel 12, two grades of drum barrels 13, preceding cone cylinder 11, after
Cone cylinder 15, comb tooth 18, two grades of wheel discs 16, one-level wheel disc 17 and model blisk 14.
The clutch end of the motor 9 passes through the Joint of shaft coupling 8 with nylon rope, motor 9 with one end of main shaft 19
It is packed in by motor cabinet 12 on pedestal, cone cylinder 11, cone cylinder 15, drum barrel 12, drum barrel 13, wheel disc 16, wheel disc 17 on main shaft,
Comb tooth 18 and model blisk 14 constitute low-pressure compressor system, are fixed on by expansion sleeve 10 on main shaft 19, and main shaft 19 leads to
Bearing block 6, mouse cage 20, end cap 5 and support base 3 is crossed to connect on the base 2；The part of data acquisition passes through conducting slip ring bearing
4 are fixed on conducting slip ring 7 through main shaft 10 on the right side of blisk 14, and acceleration transducer is connected in into the inner ring of conducting slip ring 7
Line on, the line of the outer ring of conducting slip ring 7 is connected in LMS systems, if static test, is directly connected to acceleration transducer
In LMS systems, LMS systems connect computer by netting twine.
The upper surface of pedestal 2 is provided with T-slot, motor cabinet 1, support base 3, conducting slip ring bearing 4 pass through T-slot
It is fixedly mounted with the base 2.
Using the method for testing of described blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed, comprise the following steps：
Step one：The prototype blisk of selected research, while recording the relevant parameter of prototype blisk, such as table
Shown in 1：
The relevant parameter of the prototype blisk of table 1
Step 2：According to dynamic similarity principle, by the relevant parameter of prototype blisk, it is determined that the model of experiment
Blisk relevant parameter, specifically includes following steps：
Step A：It is determined that complete structural model blisk physical dimension parameter；
With reference to prototype blisk and experimental bench geometric space, blisk transition model and the complete geometric similarity of prototype are taken
The factor is that λ=0.8, j represents corresponding structural parameters, by
λW=Wm/Wp
λh=hm/hp
λb=bm/bp
λa=am/ap
It can obtain, Wm=21.44mm, hm=1.6mm, bm=20mm, am=40mm；
Wherein, λWFor the width likelihood ratio, WmFor model integrated impeller blade width, WpFor prototype integrated impeller blade width；
λhFor the vane thickness likelihood ratio, hmFor model integrated impeller blade thickness, hpFor prototype integrated impeller blade thickness；λbFor wheel disc
The internal diameter likelihood ratio, bmFor model blisk wheel disc internal diameter, bpFor prototype blisk wheel disc internal diameter；λaIt is similar for wheel dish external diameter
Than amFor model blisk wheel dish external diameter, apFor prototype blisk wheel dish external diameter.
Step B：Determine model blisk material parameter
The material of prototype blisk is aluminium alloy, and the material for selecting model blisk is stainless steel, and model is overall
The respective material parameter of leaf dish is Em=210GPa, ρm=7850kg/m3, μm=0.3, by
λE=Em/Ep
λρ=ρm/ρp
λμ=μm/μp
It can obtain, λE=3, λρ=2.91, λμ=1；
Wherein, λEFor the modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, EmFor model blisk modulus of elasticity, EpFor prototype blisk elasticity
Modulus, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, ρmFor model blisk density, ρpFor prototype blisk density, λμIt is similar for Poisson's ratio
Than μmFor model blisk Poisson's ratio, μpFor prototype blisk Poisson's ratio；
Step C：Determine distortion model blisk wheel disc thickness
The determination method of model blisk wheel disc thickness is：Prototype is entered by Ansys finite element emulation softwares first
Row model analysis, obtains each rank intrinsic frequency of blisk prototype and the vibration shape；Prototype blisk wheel disc thickness is carried out sensitive
Property analysis, according to sensitiveness simplified condition can for determine take turns disc thickness similar factors reference be provided；And by changing blisk
Disc thickness is taken turns, so that it is determined that the geometry of the blisk prototype wheel disc thickness dissimilar scale model vibration shape is applicable interval；It is suitable in geometry
Disc thickness is taken turns as blisk distortion scale model wheel disc thickness with being chosen in interval.
Consider that setting up blisk by sensitivity analysis distorts scale model, it is necessary to introduce transition model λj,p-t, j is phase
The structural parameters answered, λj,p-tFor prototype and the transition model likelihood ratio, λ hereinj,p-t=λ, λj,t-mFor transition model and distortion mould
The type likelihood ratio.
Take λH,t-m=0.85, by
λH=Hm/Hp
It can obtain, Hm=5.95mm.
Wherein, λHFor the wheel disc thickness likelihood ratio, HmFor model blisk wheel disc thickness, HpFor prototype blisk wheel disc
Thickness.
Step D：Determine blisk distortion scale model length of blade
The determination method of model integrated impeller blade length is：Prototype is entered by Ansys finite element emulation softwares first
Row model analysis, obtains each rank intrinsic frequency of blisk prototype and the vibration shape；Prototype integrated impeller blade length is carried out sensitive
Property analysis, for determine length of blade similar factors reference is provided；And by changing integrated impeller blade length, so that it is determined that overall
The geometry of the leaf dish prototype length of blade distortion scale model vibration shape is applicable interval；It is applicable in geometry in interval and chooses length of blade work
For blisk distortion scale model length of blade；
Take λL,t-m=0.85, by
λL=Lm/Lp
It can obtain, Lm=42.5mm.
Wherein, λLFor the distortion scale model length of blade likelihood ratio, LmFor model integrated impeller blade length, LpFor prototype
Integrated impeller blade length.
In step C, D, one of them is calculated according to distortion scale model, and another should be calculated according to complete scale model,
The data that following table is provided are the result that blisk wheel disc thickness is calculated according to distortion scale model.
The relevant parameter of model blisk, as shown in table 2：
The relevant parameter of the distortion blisk of table 2
Step 3：According to the model blisk geometry and material relevant parameter in table 2, manufacture processes the mould of experiment
Type blisk.
Step 4：Inherent characteristic test is carried out to manufactured model blisk, including model blisk is quiet
State vibration-testing.
1) the static vibration test of model Blisk part
Testing experiment part blisk central aperture edge is provided with 8 tapped through holes, is easy to fasten testpieces and installs.It is used
Displacement transducer is to be used for hammering method excitation in acceleration transducer, test process, and is measured by BK acceleration transducers
Single-point response results, finally obtain blisk testpieces intrinsic frequency and the vibration shape by LMS test systems；Carrying out static vibration
Before test, first by fixture by expansion sleeve Guan County loaded on main shaft, bolt tightening way is using symmetrically tightening, it is ensured that fixture by
Power is uniform and fastens.Blisk testpieces is fixed on main shaft by fixture.Experiment is firmly hammered into shape by p-wire company
It is connected on LMS test system channels 1.BK4517 acceleration transducers are selected in test, are arranged at blisk blade root, and lead to
Cross acceleration transducer p-wire and be connected to LMS test system channels 2.By LMS test systems and the electricity equipped with LMS test softwares
Brain is connected by netting twine.
Computer and LMS test systems are connected into power supply and computer is first opened, then opens LMS test systems, observation LMS tests
It is bright whether each channel signal lamp needed for system is normally grown.Set power to hammer passage, acceleration transducer test into shape on computers first to lead to
The relevant parameters such as road sensitivity.
Prototype blisk areal model is set up in LMS test software Geometry modules, modeling process is divided into three
Point：A. at internal radius 44mm, 18 nodes is set up, 1-18 is respectively designated as；B. at wheel disc central diameter 72mm, 18 sections are set up
Point, is respectively designated as 1a-18a；C. each blade is divided into 9 nodes, nodename be respectively 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g,
1h, 1j, 1k, other 11 blade naming methods are similar.And mark corresponding points on blisk testpieces with black signature pen.
The static vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, is hammered into shape successively using model L-YD-312A exciting force
The each test point of blisk is tapped, exciting force hammer can will hit against the data of model blisk generation, pass through data line transfer
Data acquisition and processing (DAP) is carried out to computer, and by LMS systems, the intrinsic frequency of the static state of prototype and model blisk is finally given
Rate.
Step 5：Test result as obtained by carrying out static vibration test to model blisk, prediction prototype is overall
The dynamics of leaf dish, that is, predict the static intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, and specific Forecasting Methodology is as follows：
1) static state of prototype blisk, the dynamic complete geometric similarity relation of intrinsic frequency are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωmFor the static intrinsic frequency of complete structural model blisk, ωpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, ωdmFor the static intrinsic frequency of complete structural model blisk, ωdpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, λ is the complete physical dimension likelihood ratio, λEFor the modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio.2) prototype is overall
The complete geometric similarity relation of dynamic intrinsic frequency of leaf dish is：
2) static state of blisk wheel disc thickness dissimilar model, dynamic intrinsic frequency calculated relationship are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωmFor the static intrinsic frequency of wheel disc thickness dissimilar model blisk, ωpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, ωdmFor the static intrinsic frequency of wheel disc thickness dissimilar model blisk, ωdpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, λω,p-tFor prototype and the transition model intrinsic frequency likelihood ratio, λω,t-mFor transition model and the intrinsic frequency of distortion model
The rate likelihood ratio, λH,t-mFor transition model and the distortion model wheel disc thickness likelihood ratio, λp-tFor the complete likelihood ratio of physical dimension, λEFor
The modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio；α, β need to be determined according to sensitivity analysis result.
3) static state of integrated impeller blade length distortion model, dynamic intrinsic frequency calculated relationship are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωmFor the static intrinsic frequency of length of blade distortion model blisk, ωpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, ωdmFor the static intrinsic frequency of length of blade distortion model blisk, ωdpFor the quiet of prototype blisk
State intrinsic frequency, λω,p-tFor prototype and the transition model intrinsic frequency likelihood ratio, λω,t-mFor transition model and the intrinsic frequency of distortion model
The rate likelihood ratio, λL,t-mFor transition model and the distortion model length of blade likelihood ratio, λp-tFor the complete likelihood ratio of physical dimension, λEFor
The modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, α, β need to be determined according to sensitivity analysis result.
With distortion model calculate prototype intrinsic frequency when, using 2), 3) formula any one.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed, its feature is：
Including motor cabinet, pedestal, support base, conducting slip ring bearing, end cap, bearing block, conducting slip ring, shaft coupling, motor, swelling
Set, preceding cone cylinder, one-level drum barrel, two grades of drum barrels, blisk, rear conical-tube, two grades of wheel discs, one-level wheel disc, comb tooth, main shaft, mouse cages；
Pedestal one end is provided with motor by motor cabinet；Motor is connected by shaft coupling with mouse cage；
Mouse cage is fixed in main shaft one end by bearing block；The main shaft other end is connected with conducting slip ring；Conducting slip ring passes through bearing block
It is connected with end cap；
Mouse cage and bearing block are arranged on pedestal by support base；
Conducting slip ring is fixed on pedestal by conducting slip ring bearing；
Bearing block and end cap are arranged on pedestal by support base；
Main shaft is connect by expansion sleeve with preceding cone cylinder and rear conical-tube axle；
Preceding cone cylinder is provided with comb tooth；Preceding cone cylinder end is connected to one-level wheel disc, and one-level wheel disc is connected with one-level drum barrel, one-level drum barrel end
End is connected provided with two grades of wheel discs, two grades of wheel discs with rear conical-tube；Two grades of wheel discs are connected by two grades of drum barrels with blisk, overall leaf
Disk is placed on the outside of rear conical-tube.
2. a kind of blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the base
Seat upper surface is provided with T-slot, and motor cabinet, conducting slip ring bearing and support base are packed on pedestal by T-slot.
3. a kind of blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The motor
Clutch end and main shaft between be fixedly connected by the shaft coupling with nylon rope.
4. a kind of method of testing of blisk kinematic similarity test experimental bed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: the prototype blisk of selected research, while recording the relevant parameter of prototype blisk；
Step 2: according to dynamic similarity principle, by the relevant parameter of prototype blisk, it is determined that the model of experiment is overall
Leaf dish relevant parameter；
Step 3: the relevant parameter according to the model blisk determined in step 2, the model blisk of machining experiment；
Step 4: for carrying out different experiments, operating different steps as follows
Test the structural member static vibration test of a model blisk：
The model blisk processed is installed on main shaft according to the status requirement of prototype blisk, it is ensured that model is overall
Leaf dish it is firm, sensor is attached on the blade of blisk by 3M glue, now model blisk static vibration test
Preceding preparation is finished；
The static vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, is tapped and is finished in advance on blisk successively using exciting force hammer
Point, exciting force hammer can will hit against model blisk generation data, by data line transfer to computer, pass through computer
Data to collection are handled, and finally give the static natural frequency ω of model bliskm1；
Test the static vibration test of model blisk in two low-pressure compressor experimental systems：
The model blisk processed and connected cone cylinder, drum barrel, comb tooth are assembled into compressor, by compressor
Status requirement according to prototype compressor is installed on main shaft, it is ensured that it is firm that compressor is connected, and is passed acceleration by 3M glue
Sensor is attached on the blade of blisk, the preparation before now compressor system drag blisk static vibration test
Finish；
The static vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, is tapped and is finished in advance on blisk successively using exciting force hammer
Point, exciting force hammer can will hit against model blisk generation data, by data line transfer to computer, pass through computer
Data to collection are handled, and finally give the static natural frequency ω of model bliskm2；
Test the whirling vibration test of three model Blisk parts：
Before dynamic vibration test is carried out, the status requirement by the model blisk processed according to prototype blisk is installed
Onto main shaft, it is ensured that model blisk it is firm, on main shaft set on conducting slip ring, the outer shroud of conducting slip ring is fixed on and led
On electric slip ring support, acceleration transducer is attached on blisk with 3M glue, acceleration transducer is connected to conducting slip ring
On, it is connected finally by data wire with computer, the preparation before now model blisk dynamic vibration test is finished；
The dynamic vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, starts motor first, is rotated by motor belt motor runner disc, and then
Band movable model blisk is rotated, and now motor speed is the model blisk rotating speed Ω for meeting rotating speed similarity relationm1, in mould
In type blisk rotation process, the data of collection are simultaneously transferred to computer by the continuous gathered data of acceleration transducer, are led to
Cross computer to handle the data of collection, finally give the dynamic natural frequency ω of each rank of the single blisk of modeldm1；
Test the whirling vibration test of model blisk in four low-pressure compressor experimental systems
Before whirling vibration test is carried out, by the model blisk processed, cone cylinder, drum barrel and comb tooth according to prototype compressor
Together, the status requirement according to prototype compressor is installed on main shaft Standard, it is ensured that model low-pressure compressor it is firm,
Conducting slip ring on the right side set of blisk, the outer shroud of conducting slip ring is fixed on conducting slip ring bearing, 3M is used on main shaft
Sensor is attached on blisk by glue, and sensor is connected on conducting slip ring, is connected finally by data wire with computer
Connect, the preparation before now model blisk whirling vibration test is finished；
The dynamic vibration test of model blisk is proceeded by, starts motor first, is rotated by motor belt motor movable vane disk, and then
Band movable model blisk is rotated, and motor speed now is the model blisk rotating speed Ω calculated beforem2, in model
In blisk rotation process, the data of collection are simultaneously transferred to computer by the continuous gathered data of sensor, pass through computer
Data to collection are handled, and finally give the intrinsic frequency of each rank dynamic of model blisk in low-pressure compressor experimental system
Rate ωdm2；
Step 5：Test result as obtained by carrying out the test of static and dynamic vibration to model blisk, prediction prototype is whole
The dynamics of body leaf dish.
5. method of testing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that according to dynamic similarity principle described in step 2,
By the relevant parameter of prototype blisk, it is determined that the model blisk relevant parameter of experiment, specifically includes following steps：
Step A：Determine model blisk physical dimension parameter similarity relation；
With reference to prototype blisk and testing stand geometric space, model blisk and each relevant parameter of prototype blisk are determined
The similarity relation of the likelihood ratio, blisk prototype and model geometric dimensional parameters is：
λ=Gm/Gp
Wherein, λ is blisk prototype and the complete structural model physical dimension likelihood ratio, GmFor model blisk geometry
Size, GpFor prototype blisk physical dimension.
Step B：Determine model blisk material parameter similarity relation；
The material parameter similarity relation of model blisk is：
λE=Em/Ep
λρ=ρm/ρp
λμ=μm/μp
Wherein, λEFor the modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, EmFor blisk scale model modulus of elasticity, EpFor prototype blisk elasticity
Modulus, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, ρmFor blisk scale model density, ρpFor prototype blisk density, λμFor Poisson's ratio phase
Like than μmFor blisk scale model Poisson's ratio, μpFor prototype blisk Poisson's ratio；
Step C：Determine model blisk wheel disc thickness；
The similarity relation of model blisk wheel disc thickness is：
λH=Hm/Hp
Wherein, λHFor blisk wheel disc prototype and the distortion scale model thickness likelihood ratio, HmIt is thick for model blisk wheel disc
Degree, HpFor prototype blisk wheel disc thickness；
The determination method of model blisk wheel disc thickness is：Mould is carried out to prototype by Ansys finite element emulation softwares first
State is analyzed, and obtains each rank intrinsic frequency of blisk prototype and the vibration shape；Sensitiveness point is carried out to prototype blisk wheel disc thickness
Analysis, reference can be provided according to sensitiveness simplified condition to determine to take turns disc thickness similar factors；And by changing blisk wheel disc
Thickness, so that it is determined that the geometry of the blisk prototype wheel disc thickness dissimilar scale model vibration shape is applicable interval；Area is applicable in geometry
Interior wheel disc thickness of choosing is used as blisk distortion scale model wheel disc thickness.
Step D：Determine blisk distortion scale model length of blade；
The similarity relation of model integrated impeller blade length is：
λL=Lm/Lp
Wherein, λLFor the distortion scale model length of blade likelihood ratio, LmFor model integrated impeller blade length, LpIt is overall for prototype
Impeller blade length；
The determination method of model integrated impeller blade length is：Mould is carried out to prototype by Ansys finite element emulation softwares first
State is analyzed, and obtains each rank intrinsic frequency of blisk prototype and the vibration shape；Sensitiveness point is carried out to prototype integrated impeller blade length
Analysis, to determine that length of blade similar factors provide reference；And by changing integrated impeller blade length, so that it is determined that blisk
The geometry of the prototype length of blade distortion scale model vibration shape is applicable interval；It is applicable in geometry in interval and chooses length of blade as whole
Body leaf dish distortion scale model length of blade.
6. method of testing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that by entering to model blisk described in step 5
Test result obtained by row static state and dynamic vibration test, predicts the dynamics of prototype blisk, that is, predicts that prototype is whole
The static and dynamic intrinsic frequency of body leaf dish, specific Forecasting Methodology is as follows：
1) static state of prototype blisk, the dynamic complete geometric similarity relation of intrinsic frequency are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωmFor the static intrinsic frequency of complete structural model blisk, ωpConsolidate for the static state of prototype blisk
There are frequency, ωdmFor the static intrinsic frequency of complete structural model blisk, ωdpConsolidate for the static state of prototype blisk
There is frequency, λ is the complete physical dimension likelihood ratio, λEFor the modulus of elasticity likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio；
2) static state of blisk wheel disc thickness dissimilar model, dynamic intrinsic frequency calculated relationship are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωpFor the static intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωmConsolidate for the static state of wheel disc thickness dissimilar model blisk
There are frequency, ωdpFor the dynamic intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωdmConsolidate for the dynamic of wheel disc thickness dissimilar model blisk
There are frequency, λω,p-tFor prototype and the transition model intrinsic frequency likelihood ratio, λω,t-mFor transition model and distortion model intrinsic frequency phase
Like than, λH,t-mFor transition model and the distortion model wheel disc thickness likelihood ratio, λp-tFor the complete likelihood ratio of physical dimension, λEFor elasticity
The modulus likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, α, β need to be determined according to sensitivity analysis result.
3) static state of integrated impeller blade length distortion model, dynamic intrinsic frequency calculated relationship are：
It is static：
Dynamic：
Wherein, ωpFor the static intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωmConsolidate for the static state of length of blade distortion model blisk
There are frequency, ωdpFor the dynamic intrinsic frequency of prototype blisk, ωdmConsolidate for the dynamic of length of blade distortion model blisk
There are frequency, λω,p-tFor prototype and the transition model intrinsic frequency likelihood ratio, λω,t-mFor transition model and distortion model intrinsic frequency phase
Like than λL,t-mFor transition model and the distortion model length of blade likelihood ratio, λp-tFor the complete likelihood ratio of physical dimension, λEFor elasticity
The modulus likelihood ratio, λρFor the density likelihood ratio, α, β need to be determined according to sensitivity analysis result.
With distortion model calculate prototype intrinsic frequency when, using 2), 3) formula any one.
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