CN107063126A - A kind of method of online dimensional measurement applied to Vehicular lamp bulb - Google Patents
A kind of method of online dimensional measurement applied to Vehicular lamp bulb Download PDFInfo
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- CN107063126A CN107063126A CN201610881824.3A CN201610881824A CN107063126A CN 107063126 A CN107063126 A CN 107063126A CN 201610881824 A CN201610881824 A CN 201610881824A CN 107063126 A CN107063126 A CN 107063126A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/245—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using a plurality of fixed, simultaneously operating transducers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/255—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring radius of curvature
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- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to image procossing and area of pattern recognition, it is related to a kind of method of the online dimensional measurement applied to Vehicular lamp bulb.This method can comprehensively and effectively obtain each spot size of Vehicular lamp bulb and fully meet requirement involved in standard GB/T 15766.1 2008.The present invention is according to principle of computer vision, the advantage of image processing algorithm in the advantage and contactless measurement of hardware system in contact measurement method is combined, the strong hardware system of complete set, practicality, transplantability is devised, medium filtering, bilateral filtering is utilized, Canny algorithms, self-adaption binaryzation, ellipse fitting rotates external envelope rectangle, curvature is limited and various appropriate threshold values limit method, and each spot size of Vehicular lamp bulb has been precisely calculated.Detection method designed by the present invention, fully meet the requirement in standard GB/T 15766.1 2008, and the more traditional measuring method of this method has the advantages that measuring speed is fast, precision is high, and it is portable preferable, meet factory's actual demand, among the measurement that can be widely applied to other parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of the online dimensional measurement applied to Vehicular lamp bulb, in particular, institute of the present invention
The detection method of offer, can comprehensively and effectively obtain each spot size of Vehicular lamp bulb and fully meet standard GB/T
Involved requirement in 15766.1-2008.
Background technology
In order to ensure the product quality of automobile, safety coefficient and Consumer's Experience, country of People's Republic of China (PRC) matter are improved
Amount supervision and inspection quarantine general bureau and Standardization Administration of China, which combine, has issued road vehicle Vehicular lamp bulb chi
Very little, photoelectric properties requirement mandatory national standards (National Standard GB15766.1-2008), to automobile-used
Bulb Manufacturing science specification, is rigid in checking up to its quality.
The dimension measurement method of current Vehicular lamp bulb mainly has the measuring method and contactless measuring method of contact.
For the measuring method of contact, most traditional is artificial detection, but because labor intensity is big, efficiency is low, now just
It is being phased out.Now still more is fixture detection in the factory, and there are design in these factories according to own situation
Go out simple or complicated chucking appliance system.But contact measurement can bring many unfavorable factors, such as Vehicular lamp bulb exists in itself
Contact can produce damage when measuring due to touching, and the project of one-time detection is extremely limited, is additionally, since every kind of measuring system
Designed with measuring method both for the Vehicular lamp bulb of concrete model, reduce the scope of application and the detection of measuring system
Speed, it is impossible to meet the detection in industrial production line, so the application prospect of contact detection is extremely limited.
For contactless measuring method, two class methods, sciagraphy, Machine Vision Detection method are roughly divided into.Sciagraphy
It is the detection method that GB15766.1-2008 is introduced, precision is high, easy to operate, it can be difficult to the reality applied to factory lines
Border is produced.Machine Vision Detection method has that noncontact, flexible, precision are high, speed is fast, automation and intelligent level height etc. are excellent
Point, the detection requirement of Vehicular lamp bulb can be met well.Wu Jigang of the Central China University of Science and Technology et al. have devised a set of be based on
The accessory size detecting system of machine vision, effectively can accurately obtain parts profile size to be measured；Shanghai Communications University believes
Big vast great waves of breath Testing Technology and Instruments system et al. has summed up a set of with practical edge detection algorithm, it is possible to achieve geometry
Some difficult automatic measurements for surveying parameter (small aperture and the hole heart of such as sheet part away from) in measurement；Paris east university (UPEC)
Ramik DM et al. propose the fast algorithm of a novel vision well-marked target detection, can be effectively to detection object
Detected and recognized.This several method describes application of the image processing techniques in terms of dimensional measurement respectively, it can be seen that
The comparative maturity that image processing techniques has developed in the field, and wherein also it is no lack of outstanding system and method.But, this
On the one hand it is due to wherein involved algorithm in terms of a little image processing techniques are not applied to the on-line checking of Vehicular lamp bulb
Complexity, causes on-line checking to accomplish the requirement detected in real time；On the other hand due to the limitation of hardware facility, cause to be obtained
Obtain the precision of images not high, have impact on the precision of detection.So the present invention will be coordinated and be created on hardware configuration and software algorithm
Newly, this measuring method is completed.
The online dimension measurement method that the present invention is designed, precisely in order to solving the above problems and putting forward.Integrated exposure
To have built a set of Vehicular lamp bulb online for the algorithm of the advantage of hardware system and non-contact measurement image procossing in formula measuring method
Size Measuring System, while using C++ Software for Design, with image processing algorithm popular at present to the Vehicular lamp bulb that collects
Image is handled, and Vehicular lamp bulb specifications parameter has been calculated well, is fully met in standard GB/T 15766.1-2008
Requirement, and the more traditional measuring method of this method has the advantages that measuring speed is fast, precision is high, and it is portable compared with
It is good, among the measurement that can be widely applied to other parts.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of quick, reliable, practical, online dimensional measurement of the Vehicular lamp bulb based on image of simple operation
Method, this method can comprehensively and effectively obtain each spot size of Vehicular lamp bulb and fully meet standard GB/T
Involved requirement, can effectively solve factory's actual production demand in 15766.1-2008.
The hardware system of the online Size Measuring System of described Vehicular lamp bulb includes：
1 set of the flow work platform for transporting Vehicular lamp bulb；
For obtaining the exterior contour of Vehicular lamp bulb and the white backlight source of filament shape, number of light sources is 2；
For the preposition lighting source of low angle for the lamp pin profile for obtaining Vehicular lamp bulb, number of light sources is 2；
Telecentric lens for capturing the low fault image of high accuracy, camera lens number is 2；
B/W camera for gathering image, image resolution ratio is 1600x1200, and camera number is 2；
For precision controlling, IMAQ and one, the computer of data processing；
The online dimension measurement method of described Vehicular lamp bulb is involved suitable for standard GB/T 15766.1-2008
Size requirement, for described size requirement, has designed and developed the hardware system of proprietary capture Vehicular lamp bulb image, it is illustrated
Figure is as shown in figure 1, system obtains the exterior contour and filament shape of Vehicular lamp bulb first with white backlight source, before low angle
The profile that lighting source obtains lamp pin is put, the two telecentric lens collocation B/W camera for recycling into 90 degree of angles is obtained and can connect
By the Vehicular lamp bulb image of distortion factor, image-forming information feeding computer platform is subjected to image analysis processing, needed for obtaining
Actual size.Vehicular lamp bulb scale diagrams to be measured are as shown in Fig. 2 under side view, Lx is main filament and auxiliary filament
Distance, Le is the distance of main filament and lamp pin, and Lc is the maximum diameter of Vehicular lamp bulb shell, Ld be lamp pin to shell summit away from
From under top view, Ly is the distance of main filament and auxiliary filament, and Lf is the length of main filament.During design system, and need not be from
Shot above Vehicular lamp bulb, as shown in figure 1, work as two camera lenses into 90 degree of angles, and left side camera is just to Vehicular lamp bulb lamp
During pin, the image captured using left side camera calculates Lx, Le, Lc, Ld, Lf, and the image of the right camera capture can be calculated
Ly.Vehicular lamp bulb image processing step schematic diagram is as shown in figure 3, Detailed operating procedures are as follows：
Step 1：The Vehicular lamp bulb image on streamline is gathered using B/W camera, is captured for left side camera in Fig. 1
Image, shown in such as Fig. 4 (a), we are handled according to step 2 to step 6, for the image of camera capture in the right in Fig. 1, such as figure
Shown in 4 (b), we are handled according to step 7.
Step 2：The extraction of lamp pin and filament for ease of after is made an uproar with eliminating, it is necessary to be filtered processing to Fig. 4 (a)
Acoustic jamming.The present invention is filtered processing to Fig. 4 (a), filtered image is such as to improve processing speed from medium filtering
Shown in Fig. 5 (a).
Step 3：The image in Fig. 5 (a) is handled using Canny algorithms, to obtain the profile of Vehicular lamp bulb, such as schemed
Shown in 5 (b).
Step 4：The lamp pin of Vehicular lamp bulb is approximately circular it can be seen from Fig. 5 (b), and filament is approximately rectangle, so,
The present invention detects lamp pin using ellipse fitting, shown in image effect figure such as Fig. 6 (a) after fitting, it is clear that have many after fitting
Jamming ellipse, by given threshold, can limit the ellipse uniquely determined and therefore obtain the profile of lamp pin, such as Fig. 6 (b) institutes
Show.The present invention also detects filament using the method for rotation external envelope rectangle, shown in such as Fig. 7 (a) of the filament after detection, it is clear that
There are many interference rectangles after fitting, by given threshold, two rectangles can be limited and main filament profile and pair is therefore obtained
Shown in filament profile, such as Fig. 7 (b).It can be calculated by main filament profile and obtain Lf, can by the profile distance of main filament and auxiliary filament
Lx is obtained to calculate, can be calculated by lamp pin profile and main filament profile distance and be obtained Le.
Step 6：For Vehicular lamp bulb housing diameter and shell summit, the present invention extracts shell side first with ellipse fitting
Edge, then carries out Curvature Estimation using the edge extracted.In the ellipse fitting of step 4, it has been found that Vehicular lamp bulb shell
It is similar to ellipse, and the oval feature fitted is substantially, and therefore, the present invention is imposed a condition using the ellipse after fitting, is extracted
Go out Vehicular lamp bulb housing profile, shown in such as Fig. 8 (a).Wherein, non-closed curve is Vehicular lamp bulb housing profile, the ellipse of closure
For corresponding fitted ellipse.Obviously, Vehicular lamp bulb shell is made up of the camber line of one section of Curvature varying, particularly on the top of shell
Approximately round, the bottom of shell is similar to straight line, and both intersections are the maximum places of Curvature varying, and also exactly outer
Shell diameter region.Therefore, the housing diameter of Vehicular lamp bulb is detected using the Curvature Estimation of curve herein, its mean curvature is estimated
Meter limits algorithm principle as shown in figure 9, Vehicular lamp bulb housing diameter Detection results figure such as Figure 10 (a) is shown, wherein, two, shell
What end points was connected is the center of circle of institute's fitted ellipse, and Lc just can be calculated by the method.It can be examined also with Curvature Estimation
The shell summit of Vehicular lamp bulb is surveyed, shown in the Detection results figure such as Figure 10 (b) of Vehicular lamp bulb shell summit, wherein, shell summit connects
What is connect is the center of circle of institute's fitted ellipse, and the lamp pin coordinate obtained by the method along with step 4 just can calculate Ld.
Step 7：The purpose for arranging the right camera captures images is exactly that detection calculates Ly, be can see by Fig. 4 (b),
Main filament has individual main filament circular hole, and it is observed that detection is found, there is a folding for being similar to rectangle on the filament support of auxiliary filament
Trace, so the present invention is filtered processing using bilateral filtering, is carried out effective to main filament circular hole and auxiliary filament support folding line
Protection, recycle self-adaption binaryzation can effectively extract the profile of circular hole and folding line, as shown in figure 11, in figure A point to
Be folding line profile, B point to is circular hole profile.Being extracted and being limited by ellipse fitting just can effectively extract
To the profile of circular hole, folding line just can be effectively extracted by rotating the method for external envelope rectangle to detect and be limited
Profile, the distance of rectangular centre to elliptical center is carried out by calculating just can calculate Ly.
Step 8：By above-mentioned steps, Lx, Le, Lc, Ld, Lf, Ly length just can be drawn, so far, image procossing knot
Beam.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Vehicular lamp bulb on-line checking hardware system schematic diagram
Fig. 2：Vehicular lamp bulb scale diagrams
Fig. 3：Vehicular lamp bulb image processing step schematic diagram
Fig. 4：The Vehicular lamp bulb image of system acquisition
(a) image of left side camera capture
(b) image of the right camera capture
Fig. 5：Image after median filter process and corresponding Canny algorithms rim detection
(a) image after medium filtering
(b) image after Canny algorithms rim detection
Fig. 6：Image obtained by ellipse fitting
(a) the image effect figure after ellipse fitting
(b) threshold value selection back light pin profile display renderings
Fig. 7：Image obtained by rotating after external envelope rectangle
(a) the image effect figure after rotation external envelope rectangle
(b) filament profile display renderings after threshold value selection
Fig. 8：Vehicular lamp bulb housing profile and corresponding fitted ellipse
Fig. 9：Curvature Estimation limits algorithm principle figure
Figure 10：Vehicular lamp bulb housing diameter and summit detection
(a) the housing diameter design sketch after qualifications detection
(b) the shell summit design sketch after qualifications detection
Figure 11：The right camera calibration image procossing
(a) image after bilateral filtering
(b) auxiliary filament support folding line and main filament circular hole display renderings
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of quick, reliable, practical, online dimensional measurement of the Vehicular lamp bulb based on image of simple operation
Method, this method can comprehensively and effectively obtain each spot size of Vehicular lamp bulb and fully meet standard GB/T
Involved requirement, can effectively solve factory's actual production demand in 15766.1-2008.
The present invention has designed and developed the hardware system of proprietary capture Vehicular lamp bulb image, and its schematic diagram is as shown in figure 1, be
Unite and the exterior contour and filament shape of Vehicular lamp bulb are obtained first with white backlight source, obtained using the preposition lighting source of low angle
The profile of lamp pin, the two telecentric lens collocation B/W camera for recycling into 90 degree of angles obtains the car of acceptable distortion factor
With bulb image, image-forming information feeding computer platform is subjected to image analysis processing, required actual size is obtained.It is to be measured
Vehicular lamp bulb scale diagrams as shown in Fig. 2 under side view, Lx is the distance of main filament and auxiliary filament, and Le is main filament
With the distance of lamp pin, Lc is the maximum diameter of Vehicular lamp bulb shell, and Ld is distance of the lamp pin to housing top end, under top view,
Ly is the distance of main filament and auxiliary filament, and Lf is the length of main filament, during design system, and need not be clapped above Vehicular lamp bulb
Take the photograph, as shown in figure 1, when two cameras are into 90 degree of angles, and left side camera just to Vehicular lamp bulb lamp pin when, using left side phase
The image of machine capture calculates Lx, Le, Lc, Ld, Lf, and the image of the right camera capture can calculate Ly.At Vehicular lamp bulb image
Step schematic diagram is managed as shown in figure 3, embodiment is as follows：
Step 1：The Vehicular lamp bulb image on streamline is gathered using B/W camera, is captured for left side camera in Fig. 1
Image, shown in such as Fig. 4 (a), we are handled according to step 2 to step 6, for the image of camera capture in the right in Fig. 1, such as figure
Shown in 4 (b), we are handled according to step 7.
Step 2：The extraction of pin and filament for ease of after is made an uproar with eliminating, it is necessary to be filtered processing to Fig. 4 (a)
Acoustic jamming.The pixel value of Fig. 4 (a) images is ranked up by size, the 2-D data sequence of generation monotone increasing or decline.Two
Dimension medium filtering output valve is represented by：
G (x, y)=med { f (x-k, y-l), (k, l ∈ W) } (1)
Wherein, f (x, y), g (x, y) are respectively the coordinate points in image after coordinate points and processing in original image, and W is
Two dimension pattern plate, k is template W horizontal size, and l is template W vertical dimension, and med is that centered on f (x, y), template W is covered
The intermediate value of pixel gray level in middle scope, shown in filtered image such as Fig. 5 (a).
Step 3：The image in Fig. 5 (a) is handled using Canny algorithms, to obtain the profile of Vehicular lamp bulb, such as schemed
Shown in 5 (b).
Step 4：The lamp pin of Vehicular lamp bulb is approximately circular it can be seen from Fig. 5 (b), and filament is approximately rectangle, so,
The present invention detects lamp pin using ellipse fitting, shown in image effect figure such as Fig. 6 (a) after fitting, it is clear that have many after fitting
Jamming ellipse, it is assumed that the ellipse detected has n, Ci(Ci.x, Ci) and C .yj(Cj.x, Cj.y elliptical center therein) is represented
Coordinate, 0 ＜ i≤n, 0 ＜ j≤n, Ci.x、Ci.y it is respectively ellipse CiAbscissa and ordinate value, Cj.x、Cj.y it is respectively
Oval CjAbscissa and ordinate value, CiAnd C .dj.d it is respectively ellipse CiAnd CjMinor axis length value.The present invention has as follows
Limit formula：
Wherein, C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8It is the limit value of length, with specific reference to selected Vehicular lamp bulb model
To determine, for example, for P21/5W 12V Vehicular lamp bulb, C1=1.2, C2=1.4, C3=2.4, C4=2.8, C5=0.2, C6
=0.2, C7=1.2, C8=1.4, unit is centimetre.After being limited by the threshold value of formula 2, two just can be uniquely limited closely
Like concentric ellipse, wherein the ellipse that the exterior contour that less ellipse is lamp pin is fitted, such as Fig. 6 (b) is shown.
The present invention also detects filament using the method for rotation external envelope rectangle, shown in such as Fig. 7 (a) of the filament after detection,
Obviously, there are many interference rectangles after fitting, it is assumed that the rectangle detected has m, Ri(Ri.x, Ri) and R .yj(Rj.x, Rj.y)
Represent rectangular centre coordinate therein, 0 ＜ i≤m, 0 ＜ j≤m, Ri.x、Ri.y it is respectively rectangle RiAbscissa and ordinate
Value, Rj.x、Rj.y it is respectively rectangle RjAbscissa and ordinate value, RiAnd R .wi.h it is respectively rectangle RiWide and height,
RjAnd R .wj.h it is respectively rectangle RjWide and height.The present invention has formula as defined below：
Wherein, R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12It is the limit value of length, with specific reference to selected
Vehicular lamp bulb model is determined, for example, for P21/5W 12V Vehicular lamp bulb, R1=0.5, R2=1.1, R3=6, R4=
6.3, R5=0.3, R6=0.5, R7=6.5, R8=6.7, unit is centimetre, R9=5.5, R10=8, R11=784, R12=1024,
Unit is square centimeter.After being limited by the length threshold of formula 3, it just can limit and draw a unique rectangle RiAnd rectangle
Rj, wherein, rectangle RiThe rectangle fitted by the main filament of described Vehicular lamp bulb, rectangle RjFor described Vehicular lamp bulb
Shown in the rectangle that auxiliary filament is fitted, such as Fig. 7 (b).
The rectangle R fitted by main filamentiIt can calculate and obtain Lf, the rectangle fitted by main filament and auxiliary filament
Centre distance can calculate and obtain Lx, in the rectangle that the oval center and main filament fitted by lamp pin is fitted
Heart distance can calculate and obtain Le.
Step 6：For Vehicular lamp bulb housing diameter and shell summit, the present invention extracts shell side first with ellipse fitting
Edge, then carries out Curvature Estimation using the edge extracted.In the ellipse fitting of step 4, it has been found that Vehicular lamp bulb shell
It is similar to ellipse, and the oval feature fitted is substantially, and therefore, we are imposed a condition using the ellipse after fitting, are extracted
Vehicular lamp bulb housing profile, as shown in Figure 8.Wherein, non-closed curve is Vehicular lamp bulb housing profile, and the ellipse of closure is correspondence
Fitted ellipse.Obviously, Vehicular lamp bulb shell is made up of the camber line of one section of Curvature varying, is particularly similar on the top of shell
Circle, the bottom of shell is similar to straight line, and both intersections are the maximum places of Curvature varying, and also exactly housing diameter
Region.Therefore, the present invention detects housing diameter and the summit of Vehicular lamp bulb, its mean curvature using the Curvature Estimation of curve
Estimation limits algorithm principle as shown in figure 9, setting simple curve profile L by u discrete data point B={ P0, P1...Pu-2, Pu-1Group
Into PiWith PjFor any two points on curve, and Pi=(xi, yi), 0≤i≤u-1, xiAnd yiRespectively point PiAbscissa and vertical seat
Target value, Pj=(xj, yj), 0≤j≤u-1, xjAnd yjRespectively point PjAbscissa and ordinate value.In order to weigh PiWith Pj
Degree of crook and curvature trend, d discrete data point, P are respectively taken forwards, backwardsiTwo end points on curve are Pi-d(xi-d,
yi-d) and Pi+d(xi+d, yi+d) (setting (i-d) >=0), PjTwo end points on curve are Pj-d(xj-d, yj-d) and Pj+d(xj+d,
yj+d) (setting (j-d) >=0), amount of orientation A=Pi-d-Pi=(xi-d-xi, yi-d-yi), vectorial B=Pi+d-Pi=(xi+d-xi, yi+d-
yi), vectorial C=Pj-d-Pj=(xj-d-xj, yj-d-yj), vectorial D=Pj+d-Pj=(xj+d-xj, yj+d-yj), α be vector A and to
B angle is measured, β is vector C and vector D angle.If the center of the corresponding fitted ellipse of Vehicular lamp bulb housing profile is O (x0,
y0), major axis isShort axle isU discrete data point B={ P on contour curve0, P1...Pu-2, Pu-1Arrive major axis's
Distance is K=(K1, K2...Ku-2, Ku-1), to short axleDistance be H=(H1, H2...Hu-2, Hu-1), then the present invention just like
Lower restriction formula：
Wherein, I is vector A and B inner product, and I=| A | | B | cos α, when d values are unlikely to too small, | A
| | B | substantially constant, I value is substantially dependent upon cos α, and inner product is smaller, and curvature is bigger, then we can pass through fixation
Inner product I size finds the point of fixed curvature.CiFor vectorial A and B expression of the apposition under three-dimensional coordinate, CjFor vectorial C with
Expression of the D apposition under three-dimensional coordinate, as shown in figure 9, the coordinate Z=0 in profile, if coordinate system is to meet the right-hand rule
, when the four of the right hand, which refers to, turns to vector B from vectorial A with the corner no more than 180 degree, it is apposition C that the thumb holded up, which is pointed to,
Direction.Vectorial A and B apposition are greater than 0, i.e. z-axis positive direction, CiZ coordinate value be more than 0.Vectorial C and D apposition
It is less than 0, i.e. z-axis negative direction, CjZ coordinate value be less than 0, using this characteristic, can exclude direction do not meet will
The point asked.Km1And Km2It is the left and right end points of housing diameter respectively to the distance of transverse, HmFor shell summit to ellipse short shaft
Distance, from oblong nature and experimental result, Km1、Km2、HmIt is substantially stationary, pass through Km1、Km2、HmOccurrence set
Determine KT1、KT2、KT3、KT4、HT1、HT2Six limit values, can filter out some unnecessary points, larger enhancing robustness.Pass through
Above-mentioned qualifications, just can limit two points for drawing the housing diameter of Vehicular lamp bulb in Vehicular lamp bulb shell, such as Figure 10
(a) shown in, and it is possible thereby to Lc is calculated.The shell summit of Vehicular lamp bulb, such as Figure 10 can be detected also with Curvature Estimation
(b) shown in, the lamp pin coordinate obtained by the method along with step 4 just can calculate Ld.
Step 7：The purpose for arranging the right camera captures images is exactly that detection calculates Ly, be can see by Fig. 4 (b),
Main filament has individual main filament circular hole, and it is observed that detection is found, there is a folding for being similar to rectangle on the filament support of auxiliary filament
Trace, so the present invention is filtered processing using bilateral filtering, is carried out effective to main filament circular hole and auxiliary filament support folding line
Protection, recycle self-adaption binaryzation can effectively extract the profile of circular hole and folding line, as shown in figure 11, in figure A point to
Be folding line profile, B point to is circular hole profile.Being extracted and being limited by ellipse fitting just can effectively extract
To the profile of circular hole, folding line just can be effectively extracted by rotating the method for external envelope rectangle to detect and be limited
Profile, the distance of rectangular centre to elliptical center is carried out by calculating just can calculate Ly.
Step 8：By above-mentioned steps, Lx, Le, Lc, Ld, Lf, Ly length just can be drawn, so far, image procossing knot
Beam.
In summary, the advantage of the online dimension measurement method of Vehicular lamp bulb of the present invention is：
(1) contactless measuring system designed by the present invention, overcomes in contact measurement method to hardware requirement mistake
In strict shortcoming, whole detecting system is simple in construction, convenient to install, and can be widely applied in on-line detecting system；
(2) software section of the system is solved Vehicular lamp bulb and existed using machine vision and the rudimentary algorithm of image procossing
Line detection requires high accuracy, efficient difficult point, and detection project is comprehensively, can disposably detect all chis to be detected
Very little, the portability of key algorithm is also preferable, among the measurement that can be widely applied to other parts；
(3) the system carries out the real-time collection of image using black and white camera to Vehicular lamp bulb, only need to fix Vehicular lamp bulb bottom
Seat, the part fragile not in contact with Vehicular lamp bulb top is treated will not treat Vehicular lamp bulb and cause abrasion substantially, it is to avoid secondary damage
Evil.
Schematical above that the present invention and embodiments thereof are described, this describes institute in no limitation, accompanying drawing
What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention.So, if one of ordinary skill in the art is enlightened by it, do not departing from
In the case of the invention objective, the same item or each component layouts mode of other forms taken other form, without
Creative designs the technical scheme and embodiment similar to the technical scheme, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of online dimensional measurement applied to Vehicular lamp bulb, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：The Vehicular lamp bulb image on streamline is gathered using B/W camera, the figure captured for system left side camera
Picture, the present invention is handled according to step 2 to step 6, and for the image of camera capture on the right of system, the present invention is handled according to step 7.
Step 2：The pixel value for the image that left side camera is captured is ranked up by size, the two dimension of generation monotone increasing or decline
Data sequence.Two dimension median filter output valve is represented by：
G (x, y)=med { f (x-k, y-l), (k, l ∈ W) } (1)
Wherein, f (x, y) is the coordinate points in described Vehicular lamp bulb image, and f (x-k, y-l) is in the Vehicular lamp bulb image
Coordinate points of the coordinate points in W template scopes, g (x, y) is Vehicular lamp bulb image image after two dimension median filter
In coordinate points, W is two dimension pattern plate, and k is template W horizontal size, and l is template W vertical dimension, and med is to be with f (x, y)
The intermediate value of pixel gray level in center, template W institutes coverage；
Step 3：Contours extract is carried out to the image obtained after step 2 processing using Canny algorithms, to obtain lamp for use in vehicle
The profile of bubble.
Step 4：Lamp pin is detected using ellipse fitting, it is assumed that the ellipse detected after ellipse fitting has n, CiAnd CjRepresent
Any ellipse during described n is oval, 0 ＜ i≤n, 0 ＜ j≤n.Ci(Ci.x, Ci) and C .yj(Cj.x, Cj.y) represent respectively
Oval CiAnd CjElliptical center coordinate, CiAnd C .xi.y it is respectively ellipse CiAbscissa and ordinate value, CjAnd C .xj.y
Respectively ellipse CjAbscissa and ordinate value, CiAnd C .dj.d it is respectively ellipse CiAnd CjMinor axis length value.The present invention
There is formula as defined below：
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Wherein, C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C7、C8It is the limit value of length, comes true with specific reference to selected Vehicular lamp bulb model
It is fixed, for example, for P21/5W 12V Vehicular lamp bulb, C1=1.2, C2=1.4, C3=2.4, C4=2.8, C5=0.2, C6=
0.2, C7=1.2, C8=1.4, unit is centimetre.After being limited by the length threshold of formula 2, it just can limit and draw uniquely
One ellipse Ci, i.e. the ellipse that the lamp pin of described Vehicular lamp bulb is fitted.
Filament is detected using the method for rotation external envelope rectangle, it is assumed that utilize what is detected after the method for rotating external envelope rectangle
Rectangle has m, RiAnd RjAny rectangle in m rectangle described in representing, 0 ＜ i≤m, 0 ＜ j≤m.Ri(Ri.x, Ri.y) and
Rj(Rj.x, Rj.y rectangle R) is represented respectivelyiAnd RjRectangular centre coordinate, RiAnd R .xi.y it is respectively rectangle RiAbscissa and vertical
Sit target value, RjAnd R .xj.y it is respectively rectangle RjAbscissa and ordinate value, RiAnd R .wi.h it is respectively rectangle RiWidth
And height, RjAnd R .wj.h it is respectively rectangle RjWide and height.The present invention has formula as defined below：
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1
Wherein, R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12It is the limit value of length, with specific reference to selected automobile-used
Bulb model is determined, for example, for P21/5W 12V Vehicular lamp bulb, R1=0.5, R2=1.1, R3=6, R4=6.3, R5=
0.3, R6=0.5, R7=6.5, R8=6.7, unit is centimetre, R9=5.5, R10=8, R11=784, R12=1024, unit is
Square centimeter.After being limited by the length threshold of formula 3, it just can limit and draw a unique rectangle RiWith rectangle Rj, its
In, rectangle RiThe rectangle fitted by the main filament of described Vehicular lamp bulb, rectangle RjFor the auxiliary filament of described Vehicular lamp bulb
The rectangle fitted.
The rectangle R fitted by main filamentiIt can calculate and obtain Lf, in the rectangle fitted by main filament and auxiliary filament
Heart distance can calculate and obtain Lx, the centre-to-centre spacing for the rectangle that the oval center and main filament fitted by lamp pin is fitted
Le is obtained from that can calculate.
Step 6：Shell edge is extracted first with ellipse fitting, then Curvature Estimation is carried out using the edge extracted.Utilize step
The major axis and short axle numerical value of oval setting ellipse after rapid four fitting can effectively extract the shell wheel of described Vehicular lamp bulb
Exterior feature, recycles the Curvature Estimation of curve to detect its housing diameter and summit to be directed to the housing profile of described Vehicular lamp bulb.If
Simple curve profile L is by u discrete data point B={ P0, P1...Pu-2, Pu-1Composition, PiWith PjFor any two points on curve, and
Pi=(xi, yi), 0≤i≤u-1, xiAnd yiRespectively point PiAbscissa and ordinate value, Pj=(xj, yj), 0≤j≤u-
1, xjAnd yjRespectively point PjAbscissa and ordinate value.In order to weigh PiWith PjDegree of crook and curvature trend, forward
D discrete data point, P are respectively taken afterwardsiTwo end points on curve are Pi-d(xi-d, yi-d) and Pi+d(xi+d, yi+d) (set (i-d)
>=0), PjTwo end points on curve are Pj-d(xj-d, yj-d) and Pj+d(xj+d, yj+d) (setting (j-d) >=0), amount of orientation A=
Pi-d-Pi=(xi-d-xi, yi-d-y1), vectorial B=P1+d-Pi=(xi+d-xi, yi+d-yi), vectorial C=Pj-d-Pj=(xj-d-xj,
yj-d-yj), vectorial D=Pj+d-Pj=(xj+d-xj, yj+d-yj), α is vector A and vector B angle, and β is vector C and vector D's
Angle.If the center of the corresponding fitted ellipse of described housing profile is O (x0, y0), major axis isShort axle isProfile is bent
U discrete data point B={ P on line0, P1...Pu-2, Pu-1Arrive major axisDistance be K=(K1, K2...Ku-2, Ku-1), arrive
Short axleDistance be H=(H1, H2...Hu-2, Hu-1), then the present invention has formula as defined below：
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Wherein, I is vector A and B inner product, and I=| A | | B | cos α, when d values are unlikely to too small, | A | |
B | substantially constant, I value is substantially dependent upon cos α, and inner product is smaller, and curvature is bigger, so the present invention passes through fixed inner product I
Size find described housing diameter and shell summit.CiFor vectorial A and B expression of the apposition under three-dimensional coordinate, CjFor
Expression of vectorial C and the D apposition under three-dimensional coordinate, works as CiAnd CjZ coordinate it is in opposite direction when, both numerical value is positive and negative
On the contrary, using this characteristic, excluding the undesirable point in direction on described housing profile.Km1And Km2It is described respectively
Housing diameter left and right end points to the distance of transverse, HmFor the distance on described shell summit to ellipse short shaft, by ellipse
Knowable to circle characteristic and experimental result, Km1、Km2、HmIt is substantially stationary, pass through Km1、Km2、HmOccurrence set KT1、KT2、KT3、
KT4、HT1、HT2Six limit values, filter out some close to described housing diameter or so end points and the miscellaneous point on shell summit.Pass through
Above-mentioned qualifications, limit the left and right end points for drawing described housing diameter, and thus calculate Lc.Estimate also with curvature
Meter, which is limited, draws described shell summit, and the lamp pin coordinate that recycle step 4 is obtained just can calculate Ld.
Step 7：Processing is filtered to the image of camera capture on the right of system using bilateral filtering, to main filament circular hole and secondary lamp
Silk support folding line is effectively protected.Edge extracting is carried out to filtered image using self-adaption binaryzation, with step 4 phase
Seemingly, extract and be limited to extract the profile of described circular hole by ellipse fitting, by the side for rotating external envelope rectangle
Method extracts the profile of described folding line to detect and be limited, and calculates in the described corresponding fitted rectangle of folding line profile
The heart just can calculate Ly to the distance between the described corresponding elliptical center of circular hole profile.
Step 8：By above-mentioned steps, Lx, Le, Lc, Ld, Lf, Ly length just can be drawn, so far, image procossing terminates.
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| CN101382413A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2009-03-11 | 镇江震东电光源有限公司 | Cramp for measuring internal geometric size of bulb for automobile |
| CN203274681U (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-11-06 | 飞利浦电子技术(上海)有限公司 | Lamp filament detection device |
| CN104616281A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-05-13 | 天津工业大学 | Distance online detection method applied to double-filament bulb |
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