CN107061639B - A kind of center of parallel axes system is away from optimization method, gearbox and vehicle - Google Patents

A kind of center of parallel axes system is away from optimization method, gearbox and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107061639B
CN107061639B CN201710237541.XA CN201710237541A CN107061639B CN 107061639 B CN107061639 B CN 107061639B CN 201710237541 A CN201710237541 A CN 201710237541A CN 107061639 B CN107061639 B CN 107061639B
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China
Prior art keywords
counter drive
drive shaft
shaft
away
center
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201710237541.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107061639A (en
Inventor
郝庆军
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Viti Aisi Drive Co ltd
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Kaibo Controllable Drive (suzhou) Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710237541.XA priority Critical patent/CN107061639B/en
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/087Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
    • F16H3/093Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears with two or more countershafts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of centers of parallel axes system away from optimization method, gearbox and vehicle.Method includes: S1, determine that XY coordinate system away from AD, is established by origin of the axle center of input shaft on the vertical plane of parallel axes system in center center away from CD, first counter drive shaft and output shaft of the center of the first counter drive shaft and input shaft away from the center of AB, input shaft and the second counter drive shaft away from BC, the second counter drive shaft and output shaft;S2, first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft are corresponding in turn to coordinate points A (Xa in XY coordinate system, Ya), B (Xb, Yb), C (Xc, Yc), D (Xd, Yd) obtains an optimization constraint condition according to the connection order of parallel axes system;S3 determines that an objective function F (x) obtains an at least extreme value in the case where optimizing constraint condition and makes the center of input shaft and output shaft away from BD minimum value, obtains BD, α 1, α 2 when BD is minimum value.S4 according to the BD be minimum value when BD, α 1, α 2 obtain A (Xa, Ya), C (Xc, Yc), the optimization coordinate of D (Xd, Yd).

Description

A kind of center of parallel axes system is away from optimization method, gearbox and vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to parallel axes technical fields, and in particular, to a kind of center of parallel axes system away from optimization method, become Fast case and vehicle.
Background technique
Center is away from referring to gear pair with parallel axes or gear pair with non-parallel, the shortest distance between two axial lines, that is, two gear shafts Between line common vertical line (line of centres) length claim gear centre away from abbreviation center away from.Its value is always equal to the sum of two pitch radius of gear pair, Or it is equal to the sum of two reference radius and fractional dose.As the centers at different levels in 2AT parallel axes system away from determination, it is different in The heart then will lead to different speed changer shapes away from arrangement, and traditional design method mainly determines input shaft according to personal experience At a distance from output shaft, it can not determine completely whether the distance of input shaft and output shaft has reached minimum, if also free Between become smaller, to not can confirm that under existence conditions whether gearbox is to optimize, to be easy to become large-sized gearbox, Structure is not compact, increases the cost of gearbox.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of centers of parallel axes system away from optimization side Method, gearbox and vehicle.
Away from optimization method, parallel axes system includes the first secondary biography at a kind of center of the parallel axes system provided according to the present invention Moving axis, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft, comprising:
S1 determines according to the radius for being arranged gear on the first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft The center of one counter drive shaft and input shaft away from AB, input shaft and the second counter drive shaft center away from BC, the second counter drive shaft with it is defeated Center of the center of shaft away from CD, the first counter drive shaft and output shaft is away from AD, with input shaft on the vertical plane of parallel axes system Axle center be origin establish XY coordinate system;
S2, first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft are successively right in the XY coordinate system It answers coordinate points A (Xa, Ya), B (Xb, Yb), C (Xc, Yc), D (Xd, Yd), it is excellent to obtain one according to the connection order of parallel axes system Changing constraint condition includes:
(Xd-Xc) ^2+ (Yd-Yc) ^2=CD^2,
(Xd-Xa) ^2+ (Yd-Ya) ^2=AD^2,
1 < 45 ° of 0 ° < α, 2 < 180 ° of 150 ° < α,
Xa=AB*cos (α 2), Ya=AB*sin (α 2), Xc=BC*cos (180- α 1), Yc=BC*sin (180- α 1),
Wherein, the α 1 is the angle of the second counter drive shaft and X-coordinate axle, and the α 2 is the first counter drive shaft and X-coordinate The angle of axis;
S3 determines that an objective function F (x) obtains an at least extreme value under the optimization constraint condition and makes the input shaft With the center of output shaft away from BD minimum value, BD, α 1, the α 2 when the center away from BD is minimum value are obtained;
S4, according to the center away from BD be minimum value when BD, α 1, α 2 obtain A (Xa, Ya), C (Xc, Yc), D (Xd, Yd) Optimization coordinate.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, objective function F (x)=Xd^2+Yd^2 in the S3.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of gearboxes, flat including being determined by the optimization method Row axle system.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the input shaft respectively drives first counter drive shaft, second by transmission gear Counter drive shaft rotation, first counter drive shaft, the second counter drive shaft also respectively drive the output shaft rotation.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the first transmission gear, the first driving gear, the are provided on first counter drive shaft One clutch;First transmission gear is placed on first counter drive shaft, the first driving gear and described first Counter drive shaft is fixedly and coaxially connected, and first transmission gear connects the first driving gear by the first clutch, The input shaft connects first counter drive shaft by first transmission gear, and first counter drive shaft passes through described the One driving gear connects the output shaft.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the second transmission gear, the second driving gear, the are provided on second counter drive shaft Two clutches;Second transmission gear is placed on second counter drive shaft, the second driving gear and described second Counter drive shaft is fixedly and coaxially connected, and second transmission gear connects the second driving gear by the second clutch, The input shaft connects second counter drive shaft by second transmission gear, and second counter drive shaft passes through described the Two driving gears connect the output shaft.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the radius of first transmission gear is less than the radius of second transmission gear;Institute The radius for stating the first driving gear is less than the radius of the second driving gear.
As a kind of prioritization scheme, the radius of first transmission gear is greater than the radius of the first driving gear;Institute The radius for stating the second transmission gear is greater than the radius of the second driving gear.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention provides a kind of vehicles, including the gearbox.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
By input and output center in building optimization constraint condition and the method acquisition parallel axes system of objective function away from most Small value, and then the minimum dimension for obtaining entire parallel axes system reduces cost so that overall system structure is compact.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment Attached drawing be briefly described, it is therefore apparent that drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for ability For field technique personnel, without creative efforts, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.It is attached In figure:
Fig. 1 is a kind of optional parallel axes system structure diagram;
Fig. 2 is a kind of XY coordinate established using the axle center of input shaft as origin optionally on the vertical plane of parallel axes system It is schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of center of optional parallel axes system away from optimization method flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in detail in a manner of specific embodiment.Following embodiment will be helpful to Those skilled in the art further understands the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that can be with Modification structurally and functionally is carried out using other embodiments, or to embodiment enumerated herein, without departing from this hair Bright scope and spirit.
In a kind of embodiment of the center away from optimization method of parallel axes system provided by the invention, parallel axes system includes First counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft, method flow as shown in Figure 3 include:
S1 determines according to the radius for being arranged gear on the first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft The center of one counter drive shaft and input shaft away from AB, input shaft and the second counter drive shaft center away from BC, the second counter drive shaft with it is defeated Center of the center of shaft away from CD, the first counter drive shaft and output shaft is away from AD, with input shaft on the vertical plane of parallel axes system Axle center be origin establish XY coordinate system.Since optimization object is parallel axes system, each shaft drift angle in Z-direction is all 0, Without considering.
In step S1 according to the radius that gear is arranged on axis determine center between two axis away from specific method one kind it is optional Embodiment includes root radius R1, R2 of the gear being arranged on two axis determined through gear engagement connection, and mutually nibbles The fully teeth height h (radial distance between outside circle and root circle) of one of two gears closed, center is away from=R1+R2+h.The calculating Mode consider be meshed position gear overlapping, and engagement place be two gears distance most short position, be between two axis most Short distance.
S2, as shown in Figure 1, 2, first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft are sat in the XY It is corresponding in turn to coordinate points A (Xa, Ya) in mark system, B (Xb, Yb), C (Xc, Yc), D (Xd, Yd), according to the connection of parallel axes system Order obtains an optimization constraint condition
(Xd-Xc) ^2+ (Yd-Yc) ^2=CD^2,
(Xd-Xa) ^2+ (Yd-Ya) ^2=AD^2,
1 < 45 ° of 0 ° < α, 2 < 180 ° of 150 ° < α,
Xa=AB*cos (α 2), Ya=AB*sin (α 2), Xc=BC*cos (180- α 1), Yc=BC*sin (180- α 1),
Wherein, the α 1 is the angle of the second counter drive shaft and X-coordinate axle, and the α 2 is the first counter drive shaft and X-coordinate The angle of axis.
First counter drive shaft, input shaft described in step S2, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft and parallel axes system vertical plane It is respectively present and there is only an intersection point, which is also the point that hangs down.As shown in Fig. 2, first counter drive shaft and parallel axis system The intersection point of the vertical plane of system respective coordinates point A (Xa, Ya) in a coordinate system;The input shaft and the vertical plane of parallel axes system Respective coordinates point B (Xb, Yb), B point are also coordinate origin (0,0) to intersection point in a coordinate system;Second counter drive shaft with it is parallel The intersection point of the vertical plane of axle system respective coordinates point C (Xc, Yc) in a coordinate system;The output shaft is vertical with parallel axes system The intersection point in face respective coordinates point D (Xd, Yd) in a coordinate system.Center is away from AB, BC, CD, and AD is it is known that input shaft central point B is to sit Origin is marked, the first counter drive shaft is unknown with the angle α 2 of X-coordinate axle, and the second counter drive shaft is unknown with the angle α 1 of X-coordinate axle, excellent The target of change is the minimum range for seeking input axis center with exporting axis center.
The coordinate value of each axis in a coordinate system can be represented by down in parallel axes system:
It can include unknown α in expression formula in the hope of the expression formula of the coordinate Xd, Yd of D point by above-mentioned optimization constraint condition 1、α2。
S3 determines that an objective function F (x) obtains an at least extreme value under the optimization constraint condition and makes the input shaft With the center of output shaft away from BD minimum value, BD, α 1, the α 2 when the center away from BD is minimum value are obtained.
S4, according to the BD be minimum value when BD, α 1, α 2 obtain A (Xa, Ya), C (Xc, Yc), the optimization of D (Xd, Yd) Coordinate.This completes the positioning of each shaft of parallel axes system, obtain so that center is away from the smallest between input and output shaft Optimize structure.
As one embodiment, the distance with D point relative to B point, i.e., center is away from BD as objective function F (x)=(Xd- Xb) ^2+ (Yd-Yb) ^2, and since B point is coordinate origin, Xb=0, Yb=0, that is, being converted into solution has objective function F (x)=Xd^2+Yd^2 minimum value.
After finding out minimum value according to equation, in the case where considering that the other parts such as bearing are not interfered, in i.e. fixed The heart is away from numerical value, after obtaining input shaft and output shaft minimum value according to above-mentioned calculation method, with reference to actual conditions appropriate adjustment Optimum center distance and structure arrangement are obtained, to save space, reduces cost.
It is calculated and is obtained according to above-mentioned optimization constraint conditionIn conjunction with Xa=AB*cos (α 2), Ya=AB*sin (α 2), Xc=BC*cos (180- α 1), Yc=BC*sin (180- α 1) obtain the calculation expression about Yd Formula: (BC*COS (180- α 1)-AB*COS α 2) ^2=AD^2+CD^2- (Yd-AB*SIN α 2) ^2- (Yd-BC*SIN (180- α 1)) ^2±2*SQRT((AD^2-(Yd-AB*SINα2)^2)*(CD^2-(Yd-BC*SIN(180-α1))^2);
It is calculated and is obtained according to above-mentioned optimization constraint conditionIn conjunction with Xa=AB* Cos (α 2), Ya=AB*sin (α 2), Xc=BC*cos (180- α 1), Yc=BC*sin (180- α 1) obtain the calculating about Xd Expression formula: (BC*SIN (180- α 1)-AB*SIN α 2) ^2=D^2+AD^2- (Xd-BC*COS (180- α 1)) ^2- (Xd-AB*COS α2)^2±2*SQRT((CD^2-(Xd-BC*COS(180-α1))^2-(AD^2-(Xd-AB*COSα2))^2)。
The track objective function F (x)=Xd^2+Yd^2 is ellipse, since objective function is ellipse, in order to take To reasonable monodrome as a result, it is desirable to constrain angle, i.e. constraint condition: 1 < 45 ° 2 < 180 ° of 150 ° < α of 0 ° < α.
α 1 is found in a coordinate system and α 2 makes the minimum value of F (x), thereby determines that the value of Xd and Yd.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of gearboxes, flat including being determined by the optimization method Row axle system.
The input shaft respectively drives first counter drive shaft by transmission gear, the second counter drive shaft rotates, described First counter drive shaft, the second counter drive shaft also respectively drive the output shaft rotation.
The first transmission gear, the first driving gear, first clutch are provided on first counter drive shaft;Described first Transmission gear is placed on first counter drive shaft, and described first drives gear and first counter drive shaft are coaxially fixed to connect It connects, first transmission gear connects the first driving gear by the first clutch, and the input shaft passes through described First transmission gear connects first counter drive shaft, and first counter drive shaft passes through described in the first driving gear connection Output shaft.
The second transmission gear, the second driving gear, second clutch are provided on second counter drive shaft;Described second Transmission gear is placed on second counter drive shaft, and described second drives gear and second counter drive shaft are coaxially fixed to connect It connects, second transmission gear connects the second driving gear by the second clutch, and the input shaft passes through described Second transmission gear connects second counter drive shaft, and second counter drive shaft passes through described in the second driving gear connection Output shaft.
The radius of first transmission gear is less than the radius of second transmission gear;The half of the first driving gear Diameter is less than the radius of the second driving gear.
The radius of first transmission gear is greater than the radius of the first driving gear;The half of second transmission gear Diameter is greater than the radius of the second driving gear.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of vehicles, including the gearbox.Above-mentioned gearbox energy Minimum dimension is enough obtained by optimization method, entire parallel axes system internal structure is compact, reduces the overall cost of gearbox.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art know, is not departing from essence of the invention In the case where mind and range, various changes or equivalent replacement can be carried out to these features and embodiment.In addition, of the invention Under introduction, it can modify to these features and embodiment to adapt to particular situation and material without departing from of the invention Spirit and scope.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, and the right of fallen with the application is wanted The embodiment in range is asked to belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of center of parallel axes system, away from optimization method, parallel axes system includes the first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second pair Transmission shaft, output shaft characterized by comprising
S1 determines the first pair according to the radius for being arranged gear on the first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft Center of the center of transmission shaft and input shaft away from AB, input shaft and the second counter drive shaft is away from BC, the second counter drive shaft and output shaft Center of the center away from CD, the first counter drive shaft and output shaft away from AD, with the axis of input shaft on the vertical plane of parallel axes system The heart is that origin establishes XY coordinate system;
S2, first counter drive shaft, input shaft, the second counter drive shaft, output shaft are corresponding in turn to seat in the XY coordinate system Punctuate A (Xa, Ya), B (Xb, Yb), C (Xc, Yc), D (Xd, Yd) obtain an optimization about according to the connection order of parallel axes system Beam condition includes:
(Xd-Xc) ^2+ (Yd-Yc) ^2=CD^2,
(Xd-Xa) ^2+ (Yd-Ya) ^2=AD^2,
1 < 45 ° of 0 ° < α, 2 < 180 ° of 150 ° < α,
Xa=AB*cos (α 2), Ya=AB*sin (α 2), Xc=BC*cos (180- α 1), Yc=BC*sin (180- α 1),
Wherein, the α 1 is the angle of the second counter drive shaft and X-coordinate axle, and the α 2 is the first counter drive shaft and X-coordinate axle Angle;
S3, determine an objective function F (x) obtained under the optimization constraint condition an at least extreme value make the input shaft with it is defeated The center of shaft obtains BD, α 1, the α 2 when the center away from BD is minimum value away from BD minimum value;
S4, according to the center away from BD be minimum value when BD, α 1, α 2 obtain A (Xa, Ya), C (Xc, Yc), D's (Xd, Yd) is excellent Change coordinate.
2. a kind of center of parallel axes system according to claim 1 is away from optimization method, which is characterized in that mesh in the S3 Scalar functions F (x)=Xd^2+Yd^2.
3. a kind of gearbox, which is characterized in that including the parallel axis system determined by any optimization method of claim 1-2 System.
4. a kind of gearbox according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the input shaft is respectively driven by transmission gear First counter drive shaft, the rotation of the second counter drive shaft, first counter drive shaft, the second counter drive shaft also respectively drive described Output shaft rotation.
5. a kind of gearbox according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be provided with the first biography on first counter drive shaft Moving gear, the first driving gear, first clutch;First transmission gear is placed on first counter drive shaft, described First driving gear is fixedly and coaxially connected with first counter drive shaft, and first transmission gear passes through the first clutch The first driving gear is connected, the input shaft connects first counter drive shaft by first transmission gear, described First counter drive shaft connects the output shaft by the first driving gear.
6. a kind of gearbox according to claim 5, which is characterized in that be provided with the second biography on second counter drive shaft Moving gear, the second driving gear, second clutch;Second transmission gear is placed on second counter drive shaft, described Second driving gear is fixedly and coaxially connected with second counter drive shaft, and second transmission gear passes through the second clutch The second driving gear is connected, the input shaft connects second counter drive shaft by second transmission gear, described Second counter drive shaft connects the output shaft by the second driving gear.
7. a kind of gearbox according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the radius of first transmission gear is less than described The radius of second transmission gear;The radius of the first driving gear is less than the radius of the second driving gear.
8. a kind of gearbox according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the radius of first transmission gear is greater than described The radius of first driving gear;The radius of second transmission gear is greater than the radius of the second driving gear.
9. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that including gearbox as claimed in claim 3.
CN201710237541.XA 2017-04-12 2017-04-12 A kind of center of parallel axes system is away from optimization method, gearbox and vehicle Expired - Fee Related CN107061639B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1813145A (en) * 2003-07-04 2006-08-02 腓特烈斯港齿轮工厂股份公司 Powershift gearbox for construction machines, especially for a tractor backhoe loader and a telescopic handler
CN202392055U (en) * 2011-11-09 2012-08-22 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 Hydraulic mechanical gear box of engineering machinery
CN202561013U (en) * 2012-04-23 2012-11-28 无锡天野数控装备有限公司 Inter-shaft center distance adjustment mechanism
CN104834790A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-08-12 南通中远船务工程有限公司 Tolerance analysis method for space dimension chain
JP5837471B2 (en) * 2012-10-02 2015-12-24 日立建機株式会社 Power transmission device for vehicle

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101475858B1 (en) * 2014-07-11 2014-12-23 경종우 A speed variable transmission using a roller

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1813145A (en) * 2003-07-04 2006-08-02 腓特烈斯港齿轮工厂股份公司 Powershift gearbox for construction machines, especially for a tractor backhoe loader and a telescopic handler
CN202392055U (en) * 2011-11-09 2012-08-22 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 Hydraulic mechanical gear box of engineering machinery
CN202561013U (en) * 2012-04-23 2012-11-28 无锡天野数控装备有限公司 Inter-shaft center distance adjustment mechanism
JP5837471B2 (en) * 2012-10-02 2015-12-24 日立建機株式会社 Power transmission device for vehicle
CN104834790A (en) * 2015-05-22 2015-08-12 南通中远船务工程有限公司 Tolerance analysis method for space dimension chain

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CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20190611