CN107058783B - A method of rotation infiltration prepares SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill - Google Patents
A method of rotation infiltration prepares SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill Download PDFInfo
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- CN107058783B CN107058783B CN201710006861.4A CN201710006861A CN107058783B CN 107058783 B CN107058783 B CN 107058783B CN 201710006861 A CN201710006861 A CN 201710006861A CN 107058783 B CN107058783 B CN 107058783B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
- C22C1/1015—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives by preparing or treating a non-metallic additive preform
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method that rotation infiltration prepares SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill, it is using metal magnesium powder and silicon carbide as raw material, composite mortar is prepared, slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cooled and solidified obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component；Aldray is placed in crucible and is melted to liquid, liquid aldray, heat preservation for standby use are obtained；A piece of or multi-disc silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in inside liquid aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component in liquid aldray internal rotating, then composite material prefabricated component is taken out and is cleaned, obtain the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding；It after the oxidation film that the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material that aldray coats is removed to its surface, is placed in vacuum hotpressing stove, is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range, apply external pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtains SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal-base composites technical fields, and in particular to a kind of rotation infiltration prepares silicon-carbide particle increasing
The method of strong magnalium sill.
Background technology
With the continuous development of China's science and technology, the performance of metal-base composites has in various fields grinds well
Study carefully and applies.Magnesium metal is referred to as the green engineering material of 21 century, in aerospace, electronics industry, optical instrument manufacture, state
There is certain application in the fields such as anti-, automobile making, but magnesium alloy in application process on that there are toughness is not high enough, resist compacted
The shortcomings of deformation performance is poor, therefore have many advantages, such as that the nano-particle reinforcement magnesium alloy materials of rigid high-strength tenacity and creep resistance obtain
Attention is arrived.
Chinese document (" nano SiC granule enhances the research of AM60 Magnesium Alloy performances ", imperial court's brightness etc., Special Processes of Metal Castings
And non-ferrous alloy, the 641-642 pages, the o. 11th of volume 25,2005) disclosed β-nano SiC granule is added to high tenacity
It casts in AM60 magnesium alloys, under inert gas protection, by the way that nano SiC granule is added after melting magnesium alloy, stirring pours
Composite material is obtained, the mechanical property of the composite material and reply are improved, and tissue is refined, but wherein nanometer
The content of SiC particulate is small, is 1%.Imperial court's brightness is prepared for nano SiC granule enhancing AM60 magnesium conjunction based on Semi-solid Process again later
Gold, referring to Chinese document (" Semi-solid Process prepares nano SiC granule enhancing AM60 magnesium alloys ", Kang Yonglin etc., Special Processes of Metal Castings and
Non-ferrous alloy, the 583-585 pages, the 8th phase of volume 27,2007) magnesium alloy is melted after nano SiC granule is added, stirring is equal
Even standing adjusts the temperature of alloy liquid to the placing temperature higher than liquidus curve, then is poured to obtain composite material, wherein
The content of nano SiC granule is less than 1%, and the crystal grain of the composite material of preparation is refined, and mechanical strength further significantly improves,
Comprehensive performance is excellent.It, can by the above-mentioned prior art it is found that by enhancing nano SiC granule the change in magnesium alloy processing mode
The performance of composite material is significantly improved, but its performance can't fully meet the application of some special dimensions, and wherein receive
Rice SiC particulate content is low, it is necessary to which the comprehensive performance for further increasing nano SiC granule enhancing magnesium alloy expands its application neck
Domain.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of rotation infiltrations to prepare SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill
Method be placed in liquid al-mg-si using magnesium dust and silicon carbide powder as raw material stirring casting cooled and solidified formation prefabricated component
Inside alloy, rotation infiltration after taking out solidification, then through vacuum semisolid hot-pressing processing, obtains SiC particles reinforced magnesium-aluminum-based
Material.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that：
A method of rotation infiltration prepares SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill, includes the following steps：
(1) using metal magnesium powder and silicon carbide as raw material, composite mortar is prepared with stirring casting method, slurry is poured into
In water cooling mold, cooled and solidified obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component；
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 700-900 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray,
Heat preservation for standby use；
(3) a piece of or multi-disc silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component prepared by step (1) is completely immersed in step
Suddenly inside the liquid aldray that prepared by (2), by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, is then stopped operating, composite material prefabricated component is taken out
Cleaning obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding；
(4) the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding prepared by step (3) is removed into its surface
It after oxidation film, is placed in vacuum hotpressing stove, is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range, apply external pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtains carbon
Silicon carbide particle reinforced magnesium alumina-base material.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (1), the volume ratio of metal magnesium powder and silicon carbide is 70-
80:20-30。
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (1), the grain size of silicon carbide is 10-20 μm, the grain size of magnesium powder
It is 100-200 μm.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (1), stirring casting method is by metal magnesium powder and silicon carbide
After ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts at 550-650 DEG C.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (3), the rotating speed of rotation is 300-600r/min, when rotation
Between be 30-90min.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (3), infiltration process does not need inert gas shielding.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (4), the vacuum degree of vacuum hotpressing stove is less than 10-2Pa。
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (4), the temperature of heating is 570-580 DEG C.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (4), the pressure of external pressure is 100-150MPa.
As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, in the step (4), the porosity of SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill
Less than 0.4%, tensile strength is higher than 200MPa.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill prepared by the present invention uses magnesium dust with silicon carbide powder as raw material
Stirring casting cooled and solidified forms prefabricated component, and the content of silicon carbide is higher in prefabricated component, and the rigidity of preform material is big, Ke Yi
Certain shape invariance is kept in semisolid vacuum solidification processing later, but the diffusivity of atom improves, and is conducive to each
Being uniformly mixed for component, improves the mechanical property and stability of composite material.
(2) SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill prepared by the present invention uses the method that rotation infiltrates by aldray
It is impregnated into silicon carbide magnesium-based prefabricated component, drives prefabricated component quickly to be rotated in liquid aldray using external mechanical force, one
Aspect prevents solid liquid interface from forming oxidation film, on the other hand liquid aldray is promoted directly to be connect with prefabricated component particle surface
It touches, improves interface wellability, and rotary course forms additional normal stress to liquid aldray infiltration forward position, increases
Melt penetrates into the driving force of prefabricated component, improves the efficiency of infiltration, reduces the temperature of infiltration, reduce production cost, in addition,
Entire infiltration process does not need vacuum or inert gas shielding, simplifies the requirement to equipment, is more conducive to factory's metaplasia
Production reduces energy consumption, improves the economic value of product.
(3) the SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill for preparing of the present invention carries out semisolid vacuum after rotation infiltrates and adds again
Pressure processing, promotes the tissue of composite material finer and close, and distribution of particles is more uniform, and without being crushed, further increases composite wood
The quality of material.
(4) preparation process of the present invention is simple, and the requirement to equipment is low, and briquetting pressure is small, and production efficiency is high, at low cost, has
It mass produces and handles conducive to factory, the cost of product is low, is conducive to marketing.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, herein illustrative examples and explanation of the invention
For explaining the present invention, but it is not as a limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
(1) it is 70 according to volume ratio:30, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 100 μm are 10 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 550 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 700 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use.
(3) inert gas shielding is not needed, a piece of silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in liquid
Inside aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component with the speed of 300r/min in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is spent, is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, 30min is rotated, then stops operating, by composite wood
Expect that prefabricated component takes out cleaning, obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding.
(4) it after the oxidation film that the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material that aldray coats is removed to its surface, is placed in
Vacuum degree is less than 10-2In the vacuum hotpressing stove of Pa, it is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range at 570 DEG C, applies the outer of 100MPa
Pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtain SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill.
Embodiment 2：
(1) it is 80 according to volume ratio:20, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 200 μm are 20 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 650 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 900 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use.
(3) inert gas shielding is not needed, two panels silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in liquid
Inside aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component with the speed of 600r/min in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is spent, is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, 90min is rotated, then stops operating, by composite wood
Expect that prefabricated component takes out cleaning, obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding.
(4) it after the oxidation film that the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material that aldray coats is removed to its surface, is placed in
Vacuum degree is less than 10-2In the vacuum hotpressing stove of Pa, it is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range at 580 DEG C, applies the outer of 150MPa
Pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtain SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill.
Embodiment 3：
(1) it is 75 according to volume ratio:25, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 150 μm are 13 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 575 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 750 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use.
(3) inert gas shielding is not needed, three pieces silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in liquid
Inside aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component with the speed of 450r/min in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is spent, is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, 50min is rotated, then stops operating, by composite wood
Expect that prefabricated component takes out cleaning, obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding.
(4) it after the oxidation film that the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material that aldray coats is removed to its surface, is placed in
Vacuum degree is less than 10-2In the vacuum hotpressing stove of Pa, it is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range at 575 DEG C, applies the outer of 115MPa
Pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtain SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill.
Embodiment 4：
(1) it is 73 according to volume ratio:27, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 130 μm are 16 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 600 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 800 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use.
(3) inert gas shielding is not needed, a piece of silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in liquid
Inside aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component with the speed of 550r/min in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is spent, is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, 60min is rotated, then stops operating, by composite wood
Expect that prefabricated component takes out cleaning, obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding.
(4) it after the oxidation film that the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material that aldray coats is removed to its surface, is placed in
Vacuum degree is less than 10-2In the vacuum hotpressing stove of Pa, it is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range at 570 DEG C, applies the outer of 140MPa
Pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtain SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill.
Embodiment 5：
(1) it is 80 according to volume ratio:20, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 200 μm are 10 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 650 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 700 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use.
(3) inert gas shielding is not needed, three pieces silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in liquid
Inside aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component with the speed of 600r/min in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is spent, is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, 30min is rotated, then stops operating, by composite wood
Expect that prefabricated component takes out cleaning, obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding.
(4) it after the oxidation film that the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material that aldray coats is removed to its surface, is placed in
Vacuum degree is less than 10-2In the vacuum hotpressing stove of Pa, it is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range at 580 DEG C, applies the outer of 100MPa
Pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtain SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill.
Embodiment 6：
(1) it is 75 according to volume ratio:25, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 150 μm are 12 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 600 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 900 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use.
(3) inert gas shielding is not needed, a piece of silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in liquid
Inside aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component with the speed of 550r/min in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is spent, is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, 65min is rotated, then stops operating, by composite wood
Expect that prefabricated component takes out cleaning, obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding.
(4) it after the oxidation film that the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material that aldray coats is removed to its surface, is placed in
Vacuum degree is less than 10-2In the vacuum hotpressing stove of Pa, it is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range at 570 DEG C, applies the outer of 150MPa
Pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtain SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill.
Comparative example 1：
(1) it is 70 according to volume ratio:30, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 100 μm are 10 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 550 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 700 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use.
(3) inert gas shielding is not needed, a piece of silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is completely immersed in liquid
Inside aldray, by silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component with the speed of 300r/min in liquid aldray
Internal rotating is spent, is limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, 30min is rotated, then stops operating, by composite wood
Expect that prefabricated component takes out cleaning, obtains the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding.
Comparative example 2：
(1) it is 70 according to volume ratio:30, the silicon carbide that metal magnesium powder and grain size that grain size is 100 μm are 10 μm is made
For raw material, after ball milling arranges, heating stirring melts to obtain composite mortar at 550 DEG C, and slurry is poured into water cooling mold, cold
But solidification obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component.
(2) it after the oxidation film that silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is removed to its surface, is placed in vacuum degree and is less than
10-2In the vacuum hotpressing stove of Pa, it is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range at 570 DEG C, applies the external pressure compacting of 100MPa, it is cooling
Solidification obtains SiC particles reinforced mg-based material.
The aluminium content for the SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill that after testing, prepared by embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-2,
The result of porosity and mechanical strength is as follows：
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Aluminium content (%) | 3.6 | 7.2 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 6.8 | 3.6 | -- |
| Porosity (%) | 0.3 | 0.26 | 0.3 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| Tensile strength (GPa) | 230 | 290 | 240 | 250 | 250 | 240 | 200 | 190 |
As seen from the above table, the aluminum material infiltration capacity for the SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill that prepared by the present invention is good, prepares
Material porosity it is small, compression strength is high.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology can all carry out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention.Cause
This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that rotation infiltration prepares SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) using metal magnesium powder and silicon carbide as raw material, composite mortar is prepared with stirring casting method, slurry is poured into water cooling
In mold, cooled and solidified obtains silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component；Wherein, in step (1), metal magnesium powder and carbon
The volume ratio of SiClx is 70-80:20-30；The grain size of silicon carbide is 10-20 μm, and the grain size of magnesium powder is 100-200 μm；
(2) aldray is placed in crucible, melts to liquid at 700-900 DEG C, obtains liquid aldray, kept the temperature
For use；
(3) a piece of or multi-disc silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component prepared by step (1) is completely immersed in step (2)
Inside the liquid aldray of preparation, silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material prefabricated component is revolved inside liquid aldray
Turn, be limited with not causing liquid aldray acutely to seethe, then stopped operating, composite material prefabricated component is taken out and is cleaned,
Obtain the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding；Wherein, the rotating speed of rotation is 300-600r/min, rotation
Time is 30-90min；Infiltration process does not need inert gas shielding；
(4) the silicon-carbide particle magnesium-based composite material of aldray cladding prepared by step (3) is removed to the oxidation on its surface
It after film, is placed in vacuum hotpressing stove, is heated to solid-liquid two-phase temperature range, apply external pressure compacting, cooled and solidified obtains silicon carbide
Granule reinforced magnesium alumina-base material；Wherein, the vacuum degree of vacuum hotpressing stove is less than 10-2Pa；The temperature of heating is 570-580 DEG C；Outside
The pressure of pressure is 100-150MPa.
2. a kind of method that rotation infiltration prepares SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill according to claim 1, special
Sign is：In the step (1), stirring casting method is by metal magnesium powder and silicon carbide after ball milling arranges, at 550-650 DEG C
Lower heating stirring melting.
3. a kind of method that rotation infiltration prepares SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill according to claim 1, special
Sign is：In the step (4), SiC particles reinforced magnalium sill porosity is less than 0.4%, and tensile strength is higher than
200MPa。
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