A kind of efficient short-cut denitrification MBR films biological treatment device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient short-cut denitrification MBR films biological treatment device and method.
Background technology
At present, the main nitrogen source pollution using in bio-denitrification technology Treating Municipal Sewage and industrial wastewater.Traditional life
Thing denitrogenation must include two different phases of biological nitration and denitrification, and nitrifying process needs to provide sufficient aeration by ammonia nitrogen oxygen
Change, denitrification process needs then to add carbon source under anoxic conditions, the reducing nitrate radical for nitrifying generation is generated into nitrogen, thoroughly gone
Nitrogen source pollution in water removal, this not only needs to consume mass energy, and operation processing cost is higher.Traditional biological denitrificaion skill
Art needs to consume mass energy, but also exist biomass (especially nitrobacteria) be easy to run off, system footprint area it is big, anti-impact
Hit the problems such as ability is weak, surplus sludge volume is more.
Traditional denitrogenation technology is built upon three steps such as organic nitrogen aminating reaction-nitrifying process-denitrification process and entered
Row denitrogenation, it is desirable to have anaerobism-anoxic-aerobic three phases, while needing by the mixed liquor of Aerobic Pond be back to scarce
Oxygen pond carries out denitrification, and now reflux ratio turns into one of restriction denitrification effect factor;The strains such as nitrifier, denitrifying bacterium
Belong to the long microorganism of generation growth cycle, this quasi-microorganism is typically difficult to be present in water body in zoogloea form, pass through
Often it is free in sewage disposal system, how such strain is retained, how to improve its concentration also turns into raising nitrification, denitrification
One of restraining factors of effect.Therefore, study and the efficient biological denitrificaion water technology of application is for high ammonia-nitrogen wastewater industry
Development it is most important.
Short-cut nitrification and denitrification is important denitrogenation means in biological denitrification process, its major control nitrification and denitrification mistake
Journey need not use reflux type, keep the means such as nitrification, the denitrification flora of high concentration.Membrane bioreactor (MBR) processing
The characteristics of waste water has following:
(1) ammonia nitrogen removal frank.High-concentration activated sludge can accelerate the degradation rate of ammonia nitrogen and organic matter in MBR, improve
Treatment effeciency;Secondly, MBR is conducive to breeding generation time length, the nitrifier of flocculability difference, and effectively catching nitrifier reduces
The loss of nitrobacteria, accelerates rate of nitrification.But the life that the domestic research for MBR at present has focused largely on low concentration is dirty
In terms of water process.The ammonia nitrogen wastewater from industrial processes of high concentration is easily caused fouling membrane, restriction MBR operations, its engineer applied example
It is relatively fewer.
(2) organic removal rate.The new work that the filtering crown_interception of membrane material is combined by MBR with biologic treating technique
Skill, the mud-water separation process of traditional second pond is replaced with the centrifugation of film.Because the crown_interception of film improves effluent quality mark
Standard, meets Treated sewage reusing standard;MBR system SRT and HRT separation simultaneously, effectively extends SRT to retain most of microbial bacteria
Kind;Sludge yield is low and mitigates Treatment of Sludge burden, so as to cultivate more effectively floras, improves the biodegradability of waste water, has
Imitate organics removal.However, bio-refractory organic wastewater pollution factor is single, pollutant concentration is high, complicated, there is poison
The factors such as contact scar thing can produce pollution to improve resistance of membrane filtration to MBR membrane modules, cause the frequent generation of fouling membrane.
This not only reduces film process throughput, while shortening the service life of film, cleaning frequency membrane and renewal cost are added.
The content of the invention
Present invention is generally directed to ammonia-nitrogen content height, strong toxicity, the waste water advanced place containing trace heavy metal, bio-refractory
Reason, improve microbial activity in membrane bioreactor there is provided a kind of electric microfield short distance for exciting microbiologic properties and developing
Aerobic nitrification denitrification electrochemistry electric microfield MBR films biology (SE-MBR) reactor assembly, then provides a kind of efficient short distance anti-
Nitrify denitrogenation MBR film bioremediations.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of efficient short-cut denitrification MBR film biological treatment devices, including anoxic pond and Aerobic Pond, anode and cathode built in anoxic pond
Plate, MBR membrane modules built in Aerobic Pond, described anoxic pond and Aerobic Pond forms the circulatory system by backflow.
Described cathode-anode plate external power supply rectification generator.
Described cathode-anode plate applied voltage is 1.5~5V.
Described cathode-anode plate is graphite cake.
Impeller built in described anoxic pond.
Described Aerobic Pond built-in aeration device.
Described MBR membrane modules are hollow-fibre membrane.
The aperture of the film is 0.02~1 μm.
Described device is also connected with production wetting system, DO instrument and PLC self-con-tained units.
A kind of efficient short-cut denitrification MBR film bioremediations, are using a kind of above-mentioned efficient short-cut denitrification MBR films life
Thing processing unit carries out wastewater treatment.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention introduces this clean energy resource of electric microfield among MBR, in the small ecological environment of microbial bacteria group
Generation electrodialysis, electrophoresis, electron carrier, Coulomb repulsion etc. are acted on, biological structure of community and life in change membrane bioreactor
Dis environment, excites beneficial high activity flora, improves its replacement cycle generation, shortens the sewage disposal residence time;It is simultaneously electrochemical
The electron carrier that system is excited supplies microorganism as habitat, medium carrier, and good effect is played to degradation of contaminant
Really;SE-MBR has facilitation to microbial activity, improves the filtering efficiency of film, and the generation of decelerating membrane pollution improves sewage
Treatment effeciency.
It is specific as follows:
(1) carbon source demand is solved the problems, such as by the effect of additional electric microfield, realizes short-cut nitrification and denitrification denitrogenation.In anoxic pond
Cathode-anode plate is put, anode is electrolysed using current control and aerobic flow back realizes the accumulation of nitrite, and negative electrode passes through electrolytic hydrogen production
Electron donor is provided and carries out denitrification denitrogenation.But denitrifying bacterium adhesive ability is poor, flora is easily lost in biofilm detachment, and
The poor nitrifier of flocculability can directly affect denitrification effect with water loss is gone out.Therefore Aerobic Pond uses immersed membranes biological respinse
Device, efficiently retains effective flora, system is maintained higher sludge concentration.Anaerobic-aerobic is not two independent reaction systems,
Overall circulation system is formed by backflow, complemented each other;
(2) easily there is membrane pollution problem in MBR system operation, and producing electrodialysis, electrophoresis, electron carrier etc. by electric microfield makees
With MBR biological community structures and living environment is changed there is provided electron carrier supply microorganism habitat, improve microorganism and live
Property and replacement cycle generation, shorten the sewage disposal residence time, electron carrier that simultaneous electrochemical system is excited supply microorganism
As habitat, medium carrier, good effect is played to degradation of ammonia nitrogen, promotes microbial activity, the filtering effect of film is improved
Energy.Additional electric microfield can solve MBR membrane pollution problems, the influence of decelerating membrane pollution;
(3) technology application can be achieved PLC Automatic Controls, system operational parameters multiple power source rectifier, DO instrument, floating
Ball liquid level gauge etc. feeds back to central processing unit, and central processing unit, which is differentiated, assigns instruction adjustment operational factor after signal Analysis, improve
The operational efficiency and automatic controlling level of reactor.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the electrochemistry electric microfield membrane biological reaction apparatus figure of short-cut nitrification and denitrification.
Embodiment
A kind of efficient short-cut denitrification MBR film biological treatment devices, including anoxic pond and Aerobic Pond, anode and cathode built in anoxic pond
Plate, MBR membrane modules built in Aerobic Pond, described anoxic pond and Aerobic Pond forms the circulatory system by backflow.
Described cathode-anode plate external power supply rectification generator.
Described cathode-anode plate applied voltage is 1.5~5V;It is preferred that, described cathode-anode plate applied voltage is 2V.
Described cathode-anode plate is graphite cake;It is preferred that, described cathode-anode plate is native graphite plate.
Impeller built in described anoxic pond.
Described Aerobic Pond built-in aeration device;It is preferred that, described aerator includes aeration tube and aeration head;Enter again
One step is preferred, and described aerator includes micropore aeration pipe and micro porous aeration head, the average pore size of micropore is 80~100 μ
m。
It is preferred that, described MBR membrane modules are hollow-fibre membrane;It is further preferred that described MBR membrane modules are poly- inclined
PVF doughnut curtain type membrane.
It is preferred that, the aperture of the film is 0.02~1 μm;It is further preferred that the aperture of the film is 0.02~0.05 μ
m;Still further preferably, the aperture of described film is 0.03 μm.
Described device is also connected with production wetting system, DO instrument and PLC self-con-tained units.
It is preferred that, described production wetting system includes production water pump, production water ga(u)ge and water producing pipe.
A kind of efficient short-cut denitrification MBR film bioremediations, are using a kind of above-mentioned efficient short-cut denitrification MBR films life
Thing processing unit carries out wastewater treatment.
The electrochemistry electric microfield membrane biological reaction apparatus figure of 1 short-cut nitrification and denitrification is made further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Explanation.The electrochemistry electric microfield membrane biological reaction apparatus of accompanying drawing 1 includes anoxic pond (short-cut denitrification area) and Aerobic Pond (short distance nitre
Change area), wherein 1, impeller;2nd, plate electrode plate;3rd, anode electrode;4th, cathode electrode;5th, power rectifier generator;6th, it is micro-
Hole aeration tube;7th, DO instrument;8th, MBR membrane modules;9th, negative pressure gauge;10th, water pump is produced;11st, water ga(u)ge is produced;12nd, water producing pipe;
13rd, PLC automatic controls switch board;14th, micro porous aeration head.Described anode and cathode electrode are all plate electrode plates.
It is to be divided to two lattice on device, a lattice are anaerobic condition (introducing electric microfields), a lattice are aerobic states (with MBR film reactions
Device);Anoxic is to play denitrification denitrogenation, it is aerobic be play nitrifier by mineralized nitrogen be nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen;It is conventional
Anoxic carbon source lack in the case of additional carbon, and be herein using electric microfield offer electron carrier given birth to as denitrifying bacterium
The long material needed carries out denitrification;In addition, being to use inner loop mode in form, this device is set to be similar to directly one
Nitration denitrification process is completed in individual equipment.
The basic control principle to the present invention is described below below:
In short-cut denitrification area, electric microfield effect can improve the carbon source problem of denitrification, utilize some denitrifications
Bacterium can be with H2The characteristics of for electron donor, electrolysis water produces H in the presence of impressed current2, the denitrifying bacterium in biomembrane utilizes
H2As electron donor, by NO- 3Finally it is reduced to N2, short-cut nitrification and denitrification is better achieved.
Its reaction equation is:
Negative electrode:2H++2e-→H2
2H2O+2e-→H2+2OH-
In biomembrane:
N2O+H2→N2+H2O
Overall reaction:
Electric microfield is to the mechanism of action of short-cut nitrification and denitrification denitrogenation, and the problem of solving denitrifying carbon source demand improves
The growing state of nitric efficiency and microorganism species under the conditions of electric microfield.
Short distance anaerobic-aerobic combination of the device design using SE-MBR as core, whole system is a reactor, forms interior
Reflux cycle.Anoxic zone in-built electrical pole plate provides good environment for denitrification, aerobic to enter for Nets impregnated
The abundant nitrification of row provides sufficient nitrate, while the activity for suppressing nitrifier using intermittent aeration method ensures short distance nitre
Change denitrification.Described " short distance " refers to realize that Anoxic/Aerobic interior circulation reaches denitrification denitrogenation in the apparatus of the present
Effect, without as traditional anaerobic/anoxic is aerobic, it is necessary to which mixed liquor is back to anoxic pond by reflux pump from Aerobic Pond enters
Row denitrification.
The present apparatus is controlled using PLC robot control system(RCS)s, and power rectifier generator carries out frequency modulation by the PLC data for feeding back DO,
Output voltage is adjusted, the constant light current of electrochemistry electric microfield membrane biological reaction apparatus of new aerobic short-cut nitrification and denitrification is kept
, by the effect of short-cut denitrification region electrode plate there is provided weak electric field, the cell magnetic field of microbial film is excited, microorganism growth is improved
The treatment effeciency of efficiency and sewage, reaches target;The MBR membrane modules of the offer, are effectively retained in the reactor
Microorganism species, are particularly not easy the microorganism being attached on zoogloea or filler, the effectively catching of these special efficacy strains,
Conclusive effect is played to handle specific waste water.
Lower end aeration head plays oxygen supply effect, and there is provided the oxygen needed for microorganism growth.
Present disclosure is described in further detail below by way of specific embodiment.
Embodiment:
The yin, yang pole plate of project pilot plant test device is native graphite plate (monolithic size is 20cm × 2cm × 15cm),
An external resistance (Rex) is connected between the additional 2V voltages of system, cathode-anode plate using power rectifier, is led to by Rex electric current
Cross automatic data acquisition system (ADAS) record.Membrane module uses polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber curtain type membrane, and membrane aperture is 0.03 μm;Film group
Part long 20cm, high 15cm, controlling water outlet membrane flux by flowmeter, (membrane flux is 10L/ (m2·h));Utilize the time relay
The control and suck time, (suction time was 10:2);Transmembrane pressure (TMP) is recorded by pressure gauge, works as TMP>Three things during 30.0kPa
Clear after washing using 0.5% sodium hypochlorite immersion 2h progress Chemical cleanings;The installation aeration plate of MBR bottoms, control dissolved oxygen is protected
Hold in 2-4mg/L.
Pilot plant test apparatus main body is lucite, and reactor size is 50cm × 50cm × 50cm, and dischargeable capacity is
125L.Anoxic zone and aerobic zone are set in apparatus main body.Cathode-anode plate built in anoxic pond, MBR membrane modules built in Aerobic Pond.Anoxic
Impeller is set in pond, to ensure that the electron carrier that electric microfield is produced forms complete backflow in system.
Experiment wastewater is derived from certain waste water from plating plant.Waste water is lifted into experimental rig by peristaltic pump, during additional 2V voltages,
Microorganism SOUR in system improves 3~15%.
Separately below with regard to SE-MBR He tradition MBR denitrification effect, surplus sludge volume, COD removal effects, power consumption and fortune
This five aspects of line period are analyzed.
1) denitrification effect
SE-MBR of the present invention and tradition MBR its denitrification effect are compared, specific denitrogenation number of results
According to see the table below 1.
The SE-MBR of table 1 and tradition MBR denitrogenation results
As seen from Table 1, the average value of before processing raw water total nitrogen is 23.9mg/L, and traditional MBR water outlets are 11.21mg/L, SE-
MBR water outlets are 5.06mg/L.Traditional MBR and SE-MBR are respectively 53.10%, 78.83%, SE-MBR ratios to the clearance of total nitrogen
Traditional MBR improves more than 25% to the clearance of total nitrogen.System forms aerobic short-cut nitrification and denitrification Nitrogen Removal Mechanism, and cloudy
Pole provides electron donor by electrolytic hydrogen production and carries out denitrification denitrogenation.
2) surplus sludge volume
The follow-on test after normal operation, SE-MBR and traditional MBR system surplus sludge volume data are as shown in table 2.
The SE-MBR of table 2 and traditional MBR system surplus sludge volume data
From table 2, SE-MBR reduces nearly 30% than traditional MBR, the yield of its sludge.
3) COD removal effects
(conversion is CO to removal effects of the SE-MBR and tradition MBR to COD2CER) data are as shown in table 3.
Removal effects of the SE-MBR of the table 3 and tradition MBR to COD
Time (d) |
0 |
5 |
10 |
15 |
20 |
It is average |
Intake (mg/L) |
410.2 |
420.6 |
450.9 |
470.8 |
440.6 |
438.6 |
SE-MBR water outlets (mg/L) |
38.5 |
44.9 |
44.7 |
39 |
46.5 |
42.72 |
Traditional MBR water outlets (mg/L) |
58.6 |
57.4 |
57.4 |
58.4 |
58.7 |
58.01 |
SE-MBR clearances (%) |
90.61 |
89.32 |
90.09 |
91.72 |
89.45 |
90.26 |
Traditional MBR clearances (%) |
85.71 |
86.35 |
87.27 |
87.60 |
86.68 |
86.77 |
Convert as CO2Emission reduction rate (%) |
4.90 |
2.97 |
2.82 |
4.12 |
2.77 |
3.49 |
As seen from Table 3, traditional MBR and SE-MBR be respectively 86.77% to COD clearance, 90.26%, SE-MBR pairs
COD removal effect is slightly above traditional MBR.In addition, SE-MBR is than traditional MBR, the raising 3.49% of its COD clearance,
It is CO2Emission reduction rate 3.49%.
4) power consumption
SE-MBR (records after normal operation as shown in table 4 with traditional MBR system air blower power consumption data, keeps dissolving
Oxygen is in 2.5mg/L).
The SE-MBR of table 4 and traditional MBR system air blower power consumption data
Testing time |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
It is average |
SE-MBR(KW) |
0.50 |
0.50 |
0.50 |
0.50 |
0.50 |
0.50 |
0.50 |
Traditional MBR (KW) |
0.65 |
0.65 |
0.65 |
0.65 |
0.65 |
0.65 |
0.65 |
Energy consumption reduced rate (%) |
23.08 |
23.08 |
23.08 |
23.08 |
23.08 |
23.08 |
23.08 |
As seen from Table 4, SE-MBR is than traditional MBR, and its energy consumption reduced rate is that aeration quantity slip is 23.08%.With dioxy
Changing the raising of carbon emission amount=COD clearances causes the emission reduction of emission reduction+power consumption reduction to calculate, then carbon dioxide of the invention row
It is high-volume 3.49%+23.08%=26.57%.
5) cycle of operation
In process of the test, the conducting film in SE-MBR has run two cycles, and Round trip time is 42d, and tradition MBR
Round trip time is only 36d.The main cause that conducting film antifouling property is improved is the electrostatic between pollutant and conducting film
Repulsive interaction and H2O2Situ cleaning effect.
To sum up, the technology of the present invention is used is carried out instead under the electric field action of electrochemistry offer using nitrite anions as electron acceptor
Nitrification and use MBR films, which are used as, improves nitrifier, the retention mode of denitrifying bacterium concentration.With traditional nitrification-denitrification work
Skill is compared, and short-cut nitrification-denitrification technique aeration quantity will be about saving 25%, and sludge yield reduces by 30%, carbon dioxide row
20% is high-volume reduced, denitrification effect improves 25%.Therefore it has the advantages that sludge quantity is few, the reaction time is short, saves carbon source.