CN107055488B - Binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas - Google Patents
Binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN107055488B CN107055488B CN201710246003.7A CN201710246003A CN107055488B CN 107055488 B CN107055488 B CN 107055488B CN 201710246003 A CN201710246003 A CN 201710246003A CN 107055488 B CN107055488 B CN 107055488B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses a binary adjustable pre-conversion preparation method of high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gasSulfuric acid plant, comprising SO 2 A fan (1) and a converter (5), wherein a pre-conversion catalyst layer (50), SO, is arranged above a layer (51) of a traditional catalyst of the converter (5) 2 The outlet pipeline of the fan (1) is connected with the initial cold-hot heat exchanger (2) and the initial hot-hot heat exchanger (3) in sequence and then is respectively connected with the air inlets of the traditional catalyst layer (51) and the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50), and an adjusting valve (4) is arranged on an air inlet pipe of the traditional catalyst layer (51), so that the flue gas quantity entering the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) for treatment and the flue gas quantity directly entering the traditional catalyst layer (50) can be adjusted through the adjusting valve (4). The device of the invention can be used for treating the wastewater containing SO 2 The flue gas with the concentration of 11% -20% is treated, the flue gas amount for preparing acid is reduced by 20% -35%, the investment is reduced by 20%, and the running cost is reduced by 20%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sulfuric acid production and waste heat recovery, in particular to the production of acid from sulfur, the production of acid from smelting flue gas, the production of acid from pyrite and other SO 2 The technical field of preparing sulfuric acid by flue gas is also suitable for other technical fields related to chemical reaction engineering with exothermic property, in particular to a binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas.
Background
The high-concentration conversion technology in sulfuric acid production is always an industrial problem, and in the field of nonferrous smelting flue gas acid production, along with the progress of nonferrous metal oxygen enrichment technology, the concentration (volume) of sulfur dioxide produced by a modern smelting furnace is up to 20-40%, and the flue gas amount and the sulfur dioxide concentration have larger fluctuation. In the process of preparing sulfuric acid from flue gas, SO 2 Conversion to SO 3 Is an exothermic reaction, and the higher the sulfur dioxide concentration is, the higher the temperature of the converted flue gas is. The method is limited by equilibrium conversion rate and catalyst temperature resistance, and the conventional sulfur dioxide flue gas conversion process generally adds air to dilute the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to<About 12% is converted twice and absorbed twice. The equipment of the conventional conversion process conversion section and the dry absorption section is huge, which is unfavorable for comprehensive heat recovery, and the corresponding investment and operation cost are increased by about 20%. Therefore, the high-concentration conversion technology in the sulfuric acid production has become an important subject in the field of smelting flue gas acid production at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems existing in the prior art and provides a binary adjustable pre-conversion method for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gasA sulfuric acid preparing device; the device can treat SO contained in flue gas by utilizing the reaction balance principle 2 Flue gas with the concentration of 11% -20%; can solve the problems of catalyst temperature resistance, low equilibrium conversion rate and flue gas SO 2 The technical problem of concentration fluctuation is to improve heat recovery and reduce operation cost and engineering investment.
The invention aims at solving the problems through the following technical scheme:
binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas, comprising SO 2 Fan and converter, its characterized in that: the converter comprises a plurality of conventional catalyst layers, a pre-conversion catalyst layer is arranged above the conventional catalyst layer, SO 2 The outlet pipeline of the fan is sequentially connected with the initial cold-hot heat exchanger and the initial hot-hot heat exchanger and then is respectively connected with the air inlets of the traditional catalyst layer and the pre-conversion catalyst layer, and an adjusting valve is arranged on an air inlet pipe of the traditional catalyst layer, so that the flue gas quantity entering the pre-conversion catalyst layer for treatment and the flue gas quantity directly entering the traditional catalyst layer can be adjusted through the adjusting valve; when the device is used, the SO is used for treating the disease 2 SO-containing fan input 2 The flue gas with the concentration of 11% -20% sequentially passes through the initial cold-hot heat exchanger and the initial hot-hot heat exchanger to exchange heat, then reaches the light-off temperature of the catalyst, and when SO in the flue gas 2 When the concentration is 14.5% -20%, the high concentration SO reaches the ignition temperature 2 All the flue gas enters a pre-conversion catalyst layer to carry out conversion reaction, and the temperature is raised through the conversion reaction until the flue gas reaches SO 2 The catalyst leaves the pre-conversion catalyst layer before the equilibrium conversion rate, enters a layer of the traditional catalyst after being cooled, and starts the conventional process of preparing acid by conventional 31-42' 3+1 two-rotation and two-absorption; when SO in flue gas 2 When the concentration is 11% -14.5%, the high concentration SO reaches the ignition temperature 2 Part of the flue gas enters a pre-conversion catalyst layer to carry out conversion reaction, and the temperature is raised after the flue gas reaches SO after the conversion reaction 2 Leaving the pre-conversion catalyst layer before balancing conversion rate, cooling and remaining high concentration SO 2 The flue gas enters a layer of traditional catalyst after mixing, and the conventional process of producing acid by conventional 31-42' 3+1 two-to-two-rotation and two-absorption is started.
The rear side of the pre-conversion catalyst layer is provided with a waste heat boiler capable of generating medium-low pressure steam, the waste heat boiler is connected with an air outlet of the pre-conversion catalyst layer and an air inlet of a traditional catalyst layer through pipelines respectively, and the waste heat boiler can cool flue gas treated by the pre-conversion catalyst layer to a set temperature of the traditional catalyst layer, and the set temperature range is 400-460 ℃.
The bypass temperature control valve is arranged on the pipeline at the front side of the waste heat boiler and is arranged between the flue gas inlet pipe and the flue gas outlet pipe of the waste heat boiler, and the flue gas temperature of the waste heat boiler before the waste heat boiler is cooled to the traditional catalyst layer can be adjusted through the arrangement of the bypass temperature control valve.
The pre-conversion catalyst layer is fully treated and then enters a traditional catalyst layer, or is partially treated and is also not treated with high concentration SO 2 The flue gas enters a SO layer of the traditional catalyst after being mixed 2 The concentration is less than 11%.
The opening of the regulating valve is inversely proportional to the temperature of the air outlet of the layer of the traditional catalyst, when the temperature of the air outlet of the layer of the traditional catalyst exceeds 550 ℃, the opening of the regulating valve is reduced, and when the temperature of the air outlet of the layer of the traditional catalyst reaches 620 ℃, the regulating valve is closed, SO that the high-concentration SO after twice heat exchange is realized 2 And all the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer for treatment.
The converter include pre-conversion catalyst layer, traditional catalyst one deck, traditional catalyst two deck, traditional catalyst three-layer, traditional catalyst four-layer, the gas outlet on traditional catalyst one deck and the air inlet on traditional catalyst two deck are connected with initial heat exchanger through the pipeline respectively, the gas outlet on traditional catalyst two deck and the air inlet on traditional catalyst three-layer are connected with interlayer heat exchanger through the pipeline respectively, the gas outlet on traditional catalyst three-layer and the air inlet of middle absorption tower are connected with initial cold and hot heat exchanger through the pipeline respectively, the gas outlet of middle absorption tower is connected with the air inlet on traditional catalyst four-layer after connecting with interlayer cold and hot heat exchanger and interlayer heat exchanger in proper order, the gas outlet on traditional catalyst four-layer is connected with final absorption tower after connecting with interlayer cold and hot heat exchanger through the pipeline.
The ignition temperature of the catalyst is 380-400 ℃.
The catalyst adopted by the pre-conversion catalyst layer is formed by layering and mixing a vanadium catalyst and a cesium catalyst.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention adds the pre-conversion catalyst layer, the regulating valve and the waste heat boiler with the bypass temperature control valve which is matched with the pre-conversion catalyst layer to remove SO in the flue gas 2 The concentration is divided into two ranges of 11% -14.5% and 14.5% -20%, and two schemes of a set of device are adopted for treatment, SO that the flue gas entering the traditional catalyst layer after being fully or partially treated by the pre-conversion catalyst layer contains SO 2 The concentration is less than 11 percent, and then the conventional process of preparing acid by conventional 31-42 3+1 two-rotation two-absorption is carried out; and the sulfur dioxide flue gas contains SO 2 Compared with the conventional conversion process with the concentration of 11-12%, the adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparation device can enable flue gas SO entering a conversion system to be realized 2 The concentration fluctuates between 11% and 20%, the amount of flue gas entering the acid production is reduced by about 20% to 35%, the equipment investment is reduced by about 20%, the running cost is reduced by about 20%, and the method can be more suitable for SO in flue gas caused by smelting methods and raw material changes 2 Influence of concentration fluctuation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid production device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas.
Wherein: a 1-SO 2 blower; 2-an initial cold-hot heat exchanger; 3-an initial heat exchanger; 4, adjusting a valve; 5-a converter; 50-pre-reforming catalyst layer; 51-a layer of conventional catalyst; 52-two layers of conventional catalyst; 53-traditional catalyst three layers; 54-four layers of conventional catalyst; 6, a waste heat boiler; 7-an interlayer heat exchanger; 8-an intermediate absorption tower; 9-an interlayer cold-hot heat exchanger; 10-a final absorber; 11-bypass temperature control valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1: binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas, comprising SO 2 Blower fan1 and a converter 5, the converter 5 comprises a pre-conversion catalyst layer 50, a traditional catalyst layer 51, a traditional catalyst layer 52, a traditional catalyst layer 53 and a traditional catalyst layer 54, wherein an air outlet of the traditional catalyst layer 51 and an air inlet of the traditional catalyst layer 52 are respectively connected with the initial heat exchanger 3 through pipelines, an air outlet of the traditional catalyst layer 52 and an air inlet of the traditional catalyst layer 53 are respectively connected with the interlayer heat exchanger 7 through pipelines, an air outlet of the traditional catalyst layer 53 and an air inlet of an intermediate absorption tower 8 are respectively connected with the initial heat and cold exchanger 2 through pipelines, an air outlet of the intermediate absorption tower 8 is connected with an air inlet of the traditional catalyst layer 54 after being sequentially connected with the interlayer heat and cold exchanger 9 and the interlayer heat exchanger 7, and an air outlet of the traditional catalyst layer 54 is connected with the final absorption tower 10 after being connected with the interlayer heat and cold heat exchanger 9 through pipelines. A pre-conversion catalyst layer 50, SO is disposed on top of a conventional catalyst layer 51 2 The outlet pipeline of the fan 1 is sequentially connected with the initial cold-hot heat exchanger 2 and the initial hot-hot heat exchanger 3 and then is respectively connected with the air inlets of the traditional catalyst layer 51 and the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50, an air inlet pipe of the traditional catalyst layer 51 is provided with a regulating valve 4, the air quantity entering the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 for treatment and the air quantity directly entering the traditional catalyst layer 50 can be regulated through the regulating valve 4, the opening degree of the regulating valve 4 is inversely proportional to the air outlet temperature of the traditional catalyst layer 51, when the air outlet temperature of the traditional catalyst layer 51 exceeds 550 ℃, the opening degree of the regulating valve 4 is reduced, and when the air outlet temperature of the traditional catalyst layer 51 reaches 620 ℃, the regulating valve 4 is closed, SO that the high-concentration SO after twice heat exchange is realized 2 All the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 for treatment; when the device is used, the SO is used for treating the disease 2 SO-containing fan 1 input 2 The flue gas with the concentration of 11-20% sequentially passes through the initial cold-hot heat exchanger 2 and the initial hot-hot heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat, and then reaches the light-off temperature (380-400 ℃) of the catalyst, and the SO in the flue gas is used as SO in the flue gas 2 When the concentration is 14.5% -20%, the high concentration SO reaches the ignition temperature 2 All the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 to carry out conversion reaction, and the temperature of the flue gas is raised to reach SO after the conversion reaction 2 Leave the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 before balancing conversion and enter the transfer after coolingA catalyst layer 51 is used, and a conventional process of conventional 31-42 3+1 two-rotation two-absorption acid production is started; when SO in flue gas 2 When the concentration is 11% -14.5%, the high concentration SO reaches the ignition temperature 2 Part of the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 to carry out conversion reaction, and the temperature is raised to reach SO after the flue gas is converted 2 Leave the pre-reforming catalyst layer 50 before equilibrium conversion and undergo temperature reduction and the remainder of the high concentration SO 2 The flue gas enters a layer 51 of the traditional catalyst after being mixed, and the conventional process of preparing acid by conventional 31-42 3+1 conversion and two absorption is started; in the above process, the pre-converted catalyst layer 50 is fully treated and then enters the conventional catalyst layer 51, or is partially treated and untreated with high-concentration SO 2 The flue gas enters a SO layer 51 of the traditional catalyst after being mixed 2 The concentration is less than 11%.
In the above device, the catalyst used in the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 is a vanadium catalyst, a cesium catalyst or a layered mixture of both; the rear side of the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 is provided with a waste heat boiler 6 capable of generating medium-low pressure steam, the waste heat boiler 6 is respectively connected with an air outlet of the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 and an air inlet of the traditional catalyst layer 51 through pipelines, the waste heat boiler 6 can cool flue gas treated by the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 to the set temperature of the traditional catalyst layer 51, and the set temperature range is 400-460 ℃; in addition, a bypass temperature control valve 11 is arranged on a pipeline at the front side of the waste heat boiler 6, the bypass temperature control valve 11 is arranged between a flue gas inlet pipe and a flue gas outlet pipe of the waste heat boiler 6, and the flue gas temperature of the waste heat boiler 6 before the waste heat boiler is cooled to the traditional catalyst layer 51 can be adjusted through the arrangement of the bypass temperature control valve 11.
When the device is used, the device contains SO from the outside 2 Flue gas with concentration of 11% -20% passes through SO 2 The air blower 1 enters the initial cold-hot heat exchanger 2 after being pressurized, exchanges heat with the outlet hot flue gas of the traditional catalyst three-layer 53 of the converter 5, and is SO after heat exchange 2 The flue gas enters the initial heat exchanger 3 again to exchange heat with the outlet hot flue gas of the layer 51 of the traditional catalyst, and after the temperature of the flue gas after two heat exchanges reaches the light-off temperature of the catalyst, the SO after heat exchange 2 All (or part) of the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 to carry out conversion reaction and reverse reactionThe flue gas after reaction is cooled to 400-460 ℃ by a waste heat boiler 6, then mixed with part (or none) of flue gas after the valve 4 is regulated, enters a traditional catalyst layer 51 for conversion reaction, and the flue gas entering the traditional catalyst layer 51 contains SO 2 Concentration of<11%, the flue gas amount entering the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 and the flue gas amount entering the traditional catalyst one layer 51 are controlled by the regulating valve 4, and the conventional process of preparing acid by two-rotation and two-absorption of '31-42' 3+1 is: the hot flue gas after being converted by the traditional catalyst one layer 51 enters the initial hot and cold heat exchanger 3 to be cooled and then enters the traditional catalyst two layer 52 to be converted, the hot flue gas after being reacted by the traditional catalyst two layer 52 enters the interlayer hot and cold heat exchanger 7 to be cooled and then enters the traditional catalyst three layer 53 to be converted, and the hot flue gas after being reacted by the traditional catalyst three layer 53 enters the initial hot and cold heat exchanger 2 to be cooled and then enters the intermediate absorption tower 8 to absorb SO 3 Sulfuric acid is produced and cooled, and then hot flue gas entering an interlayer cold-hot heat exchanger 9 and a traditional catalyst four-layer 54 outlet exchanges heat, SO after heat exchange 2 The flue gas enters the interlayer heat exchanger 7 again to exchange heat with the hot flue gas at the outlet of the traditional catalyst two-layer 52, the flue gas after the two heat exchanges reaches the ignition temperature of the catalyst and then enters the traditional catalyst four-layer 54 to carry out conversion reaction, and the reacted flue gas enters the final absorption tower 10 to absorb SO after being cooled by the interlayer heat exchanger 9 3 Sulfuric acid is produced.
Embodiment one:
smelting flue gas (working condition I when the smelting furnace is fully started under full load) of gold smelting projects of certain gold smelting enterprises in Henan province contains SO 2 The volume concentration is 16.5%, O is contained 2 The volume concentration is 13 percent, and the flue gas flow is 100000Nm 3 The process of the pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device of the invention is as follows: SO-containing from the outside 2 Flue gas with concentration of 16.5% and temperature of 80 ℃ passes through SO 2 The air blower 1 is pressurized and then enters the initial cold-hot heat exchanger 2, the heat exchange temperature of the air blower and the hot flue gas at the outlet of the traditional catalyst three-layer 53 is increased to 200 ℃, and the SO after heat exchange is carried out 2 The flue gas enters the initial heat exchanger 3 again, exchanges heat with the hot flue gas at the outlet of the layer 51 of the traditional catalyst, and is subjected to SO after twice heat exchange 2 The temperature of the flue gas is increased to 410 ℃, and after heat exchangeSO of (2) 2 All the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 for conversion reaction, the reacted flue gas is cooled to 450 ℃ by the waste heat boiler 6, enters the traditional catalyst layer 51 for conversion reaction, and enters SO in the flue gas of the traditional catalyst layer 51 2 The concentration is about 10%; the hot flue gas from the outlet of the traditional catalyst one layer 51 enters the initial hot heat exchanger 3 to be cooled to 440 ℃ and then enters the traditional catalyst two layers 52 for conversion reaction, the hot flue gas after the reaction of the traditional catalyst two layers 52 enters the interlayer hot heat exchanger 7 to be cooled to 430 ℃ and then enters the traditional catalyst three layers 53 for conversion reaction, and the hot flue gas after the reaction of the traditional catalyst three layers 53 enters the initial hot and cold heat exchanger 2 to be cooled to 180 ℃ and then enters the intermediate absorption tower 8 for SO absorption 3 Sulfuric acid is produced, the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃ and enters an interlayer cold-hot heat exchanger 9, the heat exchange temperature is increased to 250 ℃ with hot flue gas at the outlet of a traditional catalyst four-layer 54, and SO after heat exchange is carried out 2 The flue gas enters an interlayer heat exchanger 7 again to exchange heat with the hot flue gas at the outlet of the traditional catalyst two-layer 52, the temperature of the flue gas after two heat exchanges is increased to 410 ℃, and the SO after heat exchange is carried out 2 The flue gas enters a traditional catalyst four-layer 54 for conversion reaction, and the reacted flue gas is cooled to 170 ℃ by an interlayer cold-hot heat exchanger 9 and enters a final absorption tower 10 for absorbing SO 3 Sulfuric acid is produced.
Embodiment two:
smelting flue gas (working condition II when partial equipment of a smelting furnace is started) of gold smelting project of certain gold smelting enterprise in Henan, SO 2 The volume concentration is 13%, O 2 The volume concentration is 13.5%, and the flue gas flow is 110000Nm 3 The process of the pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device of the invention is as follows: SO-containing from the outside 2 Flue gas with concentration of 13% and temperature of 80 ℃ passes through SO 2 The air blower 1 is pressurized and then enters the initial cold-hot heat exchanger 2, the heat exchange temperature of the air blower and the hot flue gas at the outlet of the traditional catalyst three-layer 53 is increased to 260 ℃, and the SO after heat exchange is carried out 2 The flue gas enters the initial heat exchanger 3 again to exchange heat with the hot flue gas at the outlet of the layer 51 of the traditional catalyst, the temperature of the flue gas after two heat exchanges is increased to 410 ℃, and the SO after heat exchange is carried out 2 75% of the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 for conversion reaction, and the reacted flue gas is reduced by the waste heat boiler 6After the temperature reaches 430 ℃, the mixture is directly input with SO through a regulating valve 4 2 The temperature of the mixed flue gas with the concentration of 13 percent and the flow of 25 percent is reduced to 428 ℃ after the flue gas is mixed, the mixed flue gas enters the traditional catalyst layer 51 for conversion reaction, and SO in the flue gas entering the traditional catalyst layer 51 at the moment 2 The concentration is 9%; the hot flue gas from the outlet of the traditional catalyst one layer 51 enters the initial hot heat exchanger 3 to be cooled to 440 ℃ and then enters the traditional catalyst two layers 52 for conversion reaction, the hot flue gas after the reaction of the traditional catalyst two layers 52 enters the interlayer hot heat exchanger 7 to be cooled to 435 ℃ and then enters the traditional catalyst three layers 53 for conversion reaction, and the hot flue gas after the reaction of the traditional catalyst three layers 53 enters the initial hot and cold heat exchanger 2 to be cooled to 180 ℃ and then enters the intermediate absorption tower 8 for SO absorption 3 Sulfuric acid is produced, the temperature is reduced to 70 ℃ and enters an interlayer cold-hot heat exchanger 9, the heat exchange temperature is increased to 300 ℃ with the hot flue gas at the outlet of the four layers 54 of the traditional catalyst, and SO after heat exchange is carried out 2 The flue gas enters an interlayer heat exchanger 7 again to exchange heat with the hot flue gas at the outlet of the traditional catalyst two-layer 52, the temperature of the flue gas after two heat exchanges is increased to 410 ℃, and the SO after heat exchange is carried out 2 The flue gas enters a traditional catalyst four-layer 54 for conversion reaction, and the reacted flue gas is cooled to 160 ℃ by an interlayer cold-hot heat exchanger 9 and then enters a final absorption tower 10 for absorbing SO 3 Sulfuric acid is produced.
The invention adds the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50, the regulating valve 4 and the waste heat boiler 6 with the bypass temperature control valve 11 which is matched with the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 to remove SO in the flue gas 2 The concentration is divided into two ranges of 11% -14.5% and 14.5% -20%, and the two schemes of a set of device are adopted for treatment, SO that the flue gas entering the traditional catalyst layer 51 after being fully or partially treated by the pre-conversion catalyst layer 50 contains SO 2 The concentration is less than 11 percent, and then the conventional process of preparing acid by conventional 31-42 3+1 two-rotation two-absorption is carried out; and the sulfur dioxide flue gas contains SO 2 Compared with the conventional conversion process with the concentration of 11-12%, the adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparation device can enable flue gas SO entering a conversion system to be realized 2 The concentration fluctuates between 11% and 20%, the amount of smoke entering the acid making is reduced by about 20% to 35%, the equipment investment is reduced by about 20%, the running cost is reduced by about 20%, and the method can be more suitable for smoke caused by smelting methods and raw material changesSO in the gas 2 Influence of concentration fluctuation.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention; the technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. Binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparing device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas, comprising SO 2 Fan (1) and converter (5), its characterized in that: the converter (5) comprises a plurality of conventional catalyst layers and a pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) arranged above the conventional catalyst layer (51), SO 2 The outlet pipeline of the fan (1) is sequentially connected with the initial cold-hot heat exchanger (2) and the initial hot-hot heat exchanger (3) and then is respectively connected with the air inlets of the traditional catalyst layer (51) and the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50), an adjusting valve (4) is arranged on the air inlet pipe of the traditional catalyst layer (51), and the air quantity entering the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) for treatment and the air quantity directly entering the traditional catalyst layer (50) can be adjusted through the adjusting valve (4); when the device is used, the SO is used for treating the disease 2 SO-containing input from fan (1) 2 Flue gas with the concentration of 11% -20% sequentially passes through the initial cold-hot heat exchanger (2) and the initial hot-hot heat exchanger (3) to exchange heat, then reaches the ignition temperature of the catalyst, and SO in the flue gas 2 When the concentration is 14.5% -20%, the high concentration SO reaches the ignition temperature 2 All the flue gas enters a pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) to carry out conversion reaction, and the temperature is raised to reach SO in the flue gas after the conversion reaction 2 The catalyst leaves the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) before the equilibrium conversion rate, enters the traditional catalyst layer (51) after being cooled, and starts to carry out the conventional process of conventional 31-42 3+1 two-to-two-rotation acid absorption; when SO in flue gas 2 When the concentration is 11% -14.5%, the high concentration SO reaches the ignition temperature 2 Part of the flue gas enters a pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) to carry out conversion reaction, and the temperature is raised to reach SO in the flue gas after the conversion reaction 2 Before balancing conversion, leave the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50)And cooled and the residual part of high-concentration SO 2 The flue gas enters a layer (51) of the traditional catalyst after being mixed, and the conventional process of producing acid by conventional 31-42 3+1 two-rotation and two-suction is started.
2. The binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid making device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the rear side of the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) is provided with a waste heat boiler (6) capable of generating medium-low pressure steam, the waste heat boiler (6) is connected with an air outlet of the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) and an air inlet of the traditional catalyst layer (51) through pipelines respectively, and the waste heat boiler (6) can enable flue gas processed by the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) to be cooled to a set temperature of the traditional catalyst layer (51), and the set temperature range is 400-460 ℃.
3. The binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid making device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas according to claim 2, wherein: the flue gas temperature control device is characterized in that a bypass temperature control valve (11) is arranged on a pipeline on the front side of the waste heat boiler (6), the bypass temperature control valve (11) is arranged between a flue gas inlet pipe and a flue gas outlet pipe of the waste heat boiler (6), and the flue gas temperature of the waste heat boiler (6) before being cooled to a layer of traditional catalyst (51) can be adjusted through the arrangement of the bypass temperature control valve (11).
4. The binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid making device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) is fully treated and then enters a traditional catalyst layer (51), or is partially treated and is not treated, and the high concentration SO is not treated 2 The flue gas enters a SO layer (51) of the traditional catalyst after being mixed 2 The concentration is less than 11%.
5. The binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid making device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the opening of the regulating valve (4) is inversely proportional to the temperature of the air outlet of the traditional catalyst layer (51), when the traditional catalyst layer (51)) When the temperature of the air outlet of the catalyst layer (51) reaches 620 ℃, the regulating valve (4) is closed to ensure that the high concentration SO after twice heat exchange 2 All the flue gas enters the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) for treatment.
6. The binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid making device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the converter (5) include pre-conversion catalyst layer (50), traditional catalyst one deck (51), traditional catalyst two-layer (52), traditional catalyst three-layer (53), traditional catalyst four-layer (54), the gas outlet of traditional catalyst one deck (51) and the air inlet of traditional catalyst two-layer (52) are connected with initial hot heat exchanger (3) through the pipeline respectively, the gas outlet of traditional catalyst two-layer (52) and the air inlet of traditional catalyst three-layer (53) are connected with interlayer hot heat exchanger (7) through the pipeline respectively, the gas outlet of traditional catalyst three-layer (53) and the air inlet of intermediate absorption tower (8) are connected with initial cold and hot heat exchanger (2) through the pipeline respectively, the gas outlet of intermediate absorption tower (8) is connected with the air inlet of traditional four-layer (54) after being connected with cold and hot heat exchanger (9) and interlayer hot heat exchanger (7) in proper order, the gas outlet of traditional catalyst four-layer (54) is connected with final absorption tower (10) after being connected with cold and hot heat exchanger (9) through the pipeline.
7. The binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid making device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the ignition temperature of the catalyst is 380-400 ℃.
8. The binary adjustable pre-conversion sulfuric acid making device for high-concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the catalyst adopted by the pre-conversion catalyst layer (50) is formed by layering and mixing a vanadium catalyst and a cesium catalyst.
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