CN107052517A - A kind of low-alloy steel docks automatic soldering technique with nickel-base alloy dissimilar steel heat exchange tube - Google Patents
A kind of low-alloy steel docks automatic soldering technique with nickel-base alloy dissimilar steel heat exchange tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN107052517A CN107052517A CN201710313262.7A CN201710313262A CN107052517A CN 107052517 A CN107052517 A CN 107052517A CN 201710313262 A CN201710313262 A CN 201710313262A CN 107052517 A CN107052517 A CN 107052517A
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- heat exchanger
- exchanger tube
- welding
- tungsten electrode
- melting ring
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Automatic soldering technique is docked with nickel-base alloy dissimilar steel heat exchange tube the invention discloses a kind of low-alloy steel, the technique comprises the following steps：Exchange heat pipe I (1), heat exchanger tube II (3) and melting ring (2) are cleaned；Assemble heat exchanger tube I (1), heat exchanger tube II (3) and melting ring (2)；Install, debug welding equipment；Welding condition is set, starts soldering.The dissimilar steel heat exchange tube docking automatic soldering technique that the present invention is provided combines specific heat exchanger tube specification, specific welding condition and tungsten electrode selection, suitable for the butt welding between the big heavy wall heat exchanger tube of minor diameter, so that welding process is reliable and stable, uniform attractive in appearance, the weld seam fusion of appearance of weld is good, welding efficiency is high, and tested through every nondestructive testing and physicochemical property, its result meets the welding quality requirement of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube in temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator.
Description
Technical field
Automatic soldering technique is docked the present invention relates to a kind of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube of heat exchanger-type pressure vessel and equipment, especially
It is to be related to a kind of nuclear power to exchange heat main equipment especially with the Generation Ⅳ for representative such as HTGR, fast neutron reactor
The low-alloy steel of steam generator docks automatic soldering technique with nickel-base alloy dissimilar steel heat exchange tube.
Background technology
The temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator of China's autonomous Design, the structure type of heat exchanger tube and conventional presurized water reactor, boiling
Water-water reactor is different.The heat exchanger tube main body of temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator uses spiral coil form, according to operating temperature difference point
For spiral coil low-temperature zone low-alloy steel heat exchanger tube, spiral coil high temperature section nickel-base alloy heat exchanger tube.Heat exchanger tube specification is external diameter
19mm, wall thickness 3mm, diameter is small and wall thickness is big.
According to the design requirement of steam generator, the docking to meet of low-alloy steel heat exchanger tube and nickel-base alloy heat exchanger tube is penetrated
While line photograph is required, appearance of weld requirement is more harsh.Welding process both needs to ensure that heat exchanger tube butt weld fusion is good
It is good, control weld seam bilateral not to be recessed again, while can not be beyond heat exchange pipe surface 0.45mm, it is ensured that logical ball φ is not less than
For 12.1mm, this heat exchanger tube to above-mentioned specification, welding difficulty is very big.Welding dynamics can neither be too strong, can not be weaker, with
Meet the demand of nuclear power field.
It is worth noting that, the heat exchanger tube of steam generator is intensive, tube wall is apart from small, welding operation space between heat exchanger tube
It is small, further increase the difficulty of welding operation.
Due to the presence of above mentioned problem in the prior art, the present inventor is carried out to existing dissimilar steel heat exchange tube welding technique
Research, stable to study welding process, weld seam fusion is good, while appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, meets a kind of low of product requirement
Steel alloy connects technique with nickel-base alloy butt welding of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above mentioned problem, present inventor has performed studying with keen determination, design suitable for diameter is small and wall thickness is big
The automatic soldering technique that low-alloy steel is docked with nickel-base alloy dissimilar steel heat exchange tube, weldering can be ensured using the automatic soldering technique
Termination process is stable, and fusion is good, and appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, and results in the welding quality for meeting nuclear island steam generator requirement.
Technique is connect it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of butt welding of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube, the technique includes：
Step 1), exchange heat pipe I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2 are cleaned；
Step 2), assembling heat exchanger tube I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2；
Step 3), install, debug welding equipment；
Step 4), welding condition is set, starts soldering.
The present invention have the advantage that including：
(1) technique that the present invention is provided carries out heat exchanger tube pair for xenogenesis heat exchanger tube material using the melting ring of certain material
Connect, it is ensured that heat exchanger tube joint performance meets product requirement；
(2) technique that the present invention is provided is being applicable using the melting ring of specific materials as heat exchanger tube butt filling material
Welding condition under be effectively guaranteed weldquality and shaping；
(3) technique that the present invention is provided connects technique using automatic TIG welding, and the technique can be entered to welding condition and process
Row programming Control, welding process is stable, can obtain good appearance of weld and welding quality；
(4) technique that the present invention is provided is intensive in the heat exchanger tube of steam generator, and tube wall is apart from small, welding between heat exchanger tube
In the case that operating space is small, it can effectively realize that spiral coil low-temperature zone low-alloy steel heat exchanger tube and spiral coil high temperature section are Ni-based
Effective welding between alloy heat exchanger tube；
(5) technique that the present invention is provided sets specific welding condition according to specific heat exchanger tube and tungsten electrode is selected,
It is external diameter about 19mm, wall thickness about 3mm, the docking between the dissimilar steel heat exchange tube that diameter is small and wall thickness is big suitable for heat exchanger tube specification
Welding so that welding quality is high, process stabilization is reliable, the uniform attractive in appearance, fusion of appearance of weld is good, welding efficiency is high, and through each
Item nondestructive testing and physicochemical property experiment, its result meet butt welding quality between nuclear island steam generator dissimilar steel heat exchange tube
It is required that.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown according to a kind of assembling structure schematic diagram of preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows that constituting structure according to a kind of butt welding of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube joint of preferred embodiment of the invention shows
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 shows the welding schematic diagram according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the tungsten electrode structural representation according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention.
Drawing reference numeral explanation：
1- heat exchanger tubes I；
2- melting rings；
3- heat exchanger tubes II；
4- tungsten electrode bars；
5- tungsten electrodes end circular cone；
6- tips platform.
7- frocks；
81- arms section；
82- welding platforms.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, the present invention is described in more detail.Illustrated by these, the features of the present invention
It will be become more apparent from clearly with advantage.
Special word " exemplary " is meant " being used as example, embodiment or illustrative " herein.Here as " exemplary "
Illustrated any embodiment should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.Although each of embodiment is shown in the drawings
In terms of kind, but unless otherwise indicated, it is not necessary to accompanying drawing drawn to scale.
Technique is connect the invention provides a kind of butt welding of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube, the technique comprises the following steps：
Step 1), exchange heat pipe I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2 are cleaned；
Step 2), assembling heat exchanger tube I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2；
Step 3), install, debug welding equipment；
Step 4), welding condition is set, starts soldering.
Step 1), exchange heat pipe I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2 are cleaned.
In a preferred embodiment, cleaning heat exchanger tube I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2, cleanliness control meet production
Product requirement.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for the cleaning includes：Use belt sander or sand paper exchange heating pipe
Inside and outside wall in the range of 20~25mm of end is polished, and to remove the rusty stain and finish of heat exchanger tube pipe end inside and outside wall, it is seen gold
Belong to gloss, if portion faces to be welded are defective, the defect is removed using file, finally acetone pair is dipped with non-woven fabrics or calico
Heat exchanger tube inside and outside wall at least 20mm scope and melting ring all surfaces is cleared up, until non-woven fabrics or calico nondiscolouring, this
When think that portion faces to be welded are clean, meet welding requirements, can be welded.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat exchanger tube I 1 is low-alloy steel SA-213T22 heat exchanger tubes, the heat exchange
Pipe II 3 is nickel-base alloy Incoloy800H heat exchanger tubes.
In further preferred embodiment, the external diameter of the heat exchanger tube I 1 is 19 ± 0.10mm, wall thickness 3 ±
0.10mm；The external diameter of the heat exchanger tube II 3 is 19 ± 0.05mm, 3 ± 0.10mm of wall thickness；It is preferred that heat exchanger tube I 1 and heat exchanger tube II 3
Specification it is identical.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, the melting ring 2 is ring-type IN 82 (AWS classification numbers) material, the fusing
The packing material that ring 2 is docked as xenogenesis heat exchanger tube I 1 and heat exchanger tube II 3, two kinds of heat exchanger tubes can be effectively combined in welding, real
Now good weld seam fusion.The melting ring 2 is coordinated with heat exchanger tube, and the operation of welding wire is conveyed when eliminating welding, is reduced
The influence of manual operation, and welding operation difficulty, are conducive to the control of welding quality.
Step 2), assembling heat exchanger tube I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2.
In the present invention, as shown in figure 1, the assembling for carrying out heat exchanger tube I 1, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring 2 using frock 7 is determined
Position.The frock 7 is a kind of axial alignment and fixing device for minor diameter pipe butt welding, including to be welded for clamping
Minor diameter pipe two pressing plates, and other associated components.
In the present invention, the side pipe end of the heat exchanger tube I 1 and heat exchanger tube II 3 can be pre-machined after groove is walked again
Cleaning and subsequent fixed, welding in rapid 1；Or not finished edge, directly it is fixed after cleaning treatment, welds.Using upper
Any-mode is stated, coordinates welding procedure in the present invention, high-quality welding can be achieved.
In a preferred embodiment, slope can be pre-machined in the side pipe end of the heat exchanger tube I 1 and heat exchanger tube II 3
Assembled, welded again after mouthful.
Now, it is the structure of cooperation melting ring 2, one end outer wall of the heat exchanger tube I 1 and heat exchanger tube II 3 is processed into ladder
Shape bevel, two bevel specifications are identical.Stairstepping bevel includes inclined groove face, the groove face and pore
Axis angulation is 30 °~90 °, and groove depth is not less than the wall thickness of melting ring 2.
Now, the assembly method is：Any heat exchanger tube first is clamped with a pressing plate of frock 7, the pressing plate is adjusted to slope
Mouth end setting position, then another heat exchanger tube is clamped with another pressing plate, melting ring 2 is placed at this heat exchange pipe bevel, heat exchanger tube I 1
Relative with the groove of heat exchanger tube II 3, melting ring 2 is fallen into the groove of two docking.Structure is as shown in Figure 2 after assembling.
In the present invention, welding equipment can coordinate clamping with frock 7, make the welding head of welding equipment towards melting ring 2,
Welding equipment, which is fixed on, during welding makes the centre of gyration of welding head drive tungsten electrode around the rotating welding of melting ring 2 in frock 7,
Therefore, distance and welding head of two pressing plates of frock 7 respectively to two heat exchanger tube bevel ends are close relative to the position of melting ring 2
Cut is closed.According to the specification of melting ring 2 and welding head, the distance of the pressing plate to heat exchanger tube bevel end is accordingly adjustable.
In another preferred embodiment, heat exchanger tube I 1 and heat exchanger tube II 3 are not provided with groove, directly assembled,
Welding.
Now, the assembly method includes：One pressing plate of frock 7 is arranged at the side pipe end of heat exchanger tube I 1, adjustment
Pressing plate assembles heat exchanger tube II 3 to pipe end setting position, then with another pressing plate, and melting ring 2 is located between two heat exchanger tubes, and both sides are changed
Heat pipe is fitted close with melting ring 2.Structure is as shown in Figure 2 after assembling.
Both sides heat exchanger tube and the position of melting ring 2 are adjusted by frock 7, make heat exchanger tube and melting ring 2 coaxial.
Step 3), install, debug welding equipment.
In a preferred embodiment, the welding equipment is argonaut welding (TIG) welding equipment, the welding
Equipment can be programmed and store to welding condition, and electric current, voltage etc. are realized in welding process and automatically controlled, may be used also
To realize the function such as monitoring in real time of the data in welding process, effectively increase welding efficiency, reduce in welding process it is artificial because
Influence of the element to weldquality.Preferably, the welding equipment is pulse in Automatic Pulsed Argon Arc Welding welding equipment, welding process
Formula is heated, and welding process heat input is concentrated, and arc stiffness is good, is conducive to adjusting welding energy, is made circular weld uniform in shaping,
Welding process is stable, the welding difficulty that is particularly suitable for use in is big, small to the sensitive diameter of welding condition and the big heat exchanger tube of wall thickness it
Between docking.
In a preferred embodiment, because the docking between heat exchanger tube needs to carry out annular welds, welding can be set
Standby welding head coordinates clamping with frock 7, is easy to manipulate welding head during rotating welding.
As shown in figure 3, the welding head is L-type welding head, welding head includes arm section 81 and welding platform 82.Dress
After the completion of matching somebody with somebody, arm section 81 is parallel with heat exchanger tube, and welding platform 82 is set in outside heat exchanger tube.The welding head of this structure takes empty
Between it is small, can the welding in the dense space of steam generator heat exchange tube.
Welding head includes tungsten electrode, and tungsten electrode is fixed in welding platform 82.Tungsten electrode is as electrode plays conduction electric current, ignite electricity
The effect of stream and pilot arc normal combustion.The specification of tungsten electrode and weldment thickness and welding current size are closely related, and its end
Portion's shape has a significant impact to arc stability and appearance of weld.According to material, the specification of heat exchanger tube and fusing part, based on small straight
Footpath, the welding requirements of big wall thickness heat exchanger tube, and setting technological parameter is combined, from the tungsten electrode of specific model.
As shown in figure 4, the tungsten electrode includes tungsten electrode bar 4, tungsten electrode end circular cone 5 and is arranged on tungsten electrode end circular cone 5
Sophisticated platform 6.Tungsten electrode end shape directly affects the emissivities of tungsten electrode electronics to influence joint penetration effect.Tungsten electrode end
The coning angle increase of circular cone, arc column diffusion causes fusion penetration to reduce, molten wide increase；As coning angle is reduced, arc column diffusion tendency subtracts
Few, fusion penetration increase, molten wide is reduced.Tungsten electrode tip platform size increase, arc column diffusion causes fusion penetration to reduce；Tungsten electrode tip platform
Undersized, tungsten electrode scaling loss is serious.
In the present invention, from a diameter of 1.6mm or 2.4mm of tungsten electrode bar 4, the coning angle of tungsten electrode end circular cone 5 for 25 °~
30 °, a diameter of 0.35~0.40mm of sophisticated platform 6, the center of circle of sophisticated platform 6 and the axis collinear of tungsten electrode end circular cone 5, tungsten
The axis and the axis collinear of tungsten electrode bar 4 of extreme portion circular cone 5.
Different types of tungsten electrode, its electron emissivity is different, and the arc voltage and weld penetration of formation are differed, its
Contamination resistance and service life are also different.Preferably, the tungsten electrode is thoriated tungsten electrode.The electron emissivity of thoriated tungsten electrode is high, increase
Current range allowable, reduces floating voltage, improves striking and stabilising arc performance, this hair is more suitable for compared to other tungsten electrodes
Bright middle welding operation.
In a preferred embodiment, erecting and welding head, it is ensured that welding head coordinates after installation with frock 7,
On the length direction of heat exchanger tube, tungsten electrode points to the centre position of melting ring 2 on welding head, that is, when welding, tungsten electrode alignment melting ring 2
Centre position carries out welding.
Adjust the distance of tungsten electrode and melting ring 2 on welding head, when tungsten electrode and melting ring 2 apart from it is too small when easily cause weld seam
Outside shaped depression, and the easy scaling loss of tungsten electrode causes weld seam tungsten inclusion；Apart from it is excessive when it cannot be guaranteed that welding arc stablility, influence
Welding quality；Therefore, in melting ring 2 in the radial direction, control the distance of the sophisticated platform 6 of tungsten electrode and the outer wall of melting ring 2 for 1.5~
2mm。
Implement before dissimilar steel butt welding, above-mentioned welding equipment installed, debugged, equipment is checked, it is ensured that
Each connection is correct, each function normal, and welding gas etc., which is met, to be required, welding condition is programmed into deposit welding
In the manipulation box of device.
Step 4), welding condition is set, starts soldering.
Welded by the welding condition and operation requirement of the present invention.According to the material, specification, welding of two dissimilar steels
Shape, through setting and testing repeatedly, the welding condition optimized, the welding condition is as follows：Background current
20~45A, 40~90A of peak point current, 2~2.5Hz of pulse frequency, peak pulse duration 40%~50%, 15~33V of weldingvoltage, weldering
80~105mm/min of speed is met, front protecting gas is helium (purity >=99.995%), 8~20L/min of gas flow, the back of the body
Face protective gas is argon gas (purity >=99.997%), 10~40L/min of gas flow.
Welding current is the main parameter for determining weld penetration, and welding current is big, fusion penetration increase；When welding current is excessive
Easily form exoncoma and the defect such as burn, also result in the phenomenons such as undercut, appearance of weld be bad；And electric current is small, it is difficult to control weldering
Type is seamed into, incomplete fusion and the defect such as lack of penetration is easily formed, while low current causes productivity ratio to reduce and wastes protection gas.This
Invention selected background current 20~45A, 40~90A of peak point current, to reach that good appearance of weld and weld seam are fused.
Front protecting gas sprays the gas for protecting welding position for welding head, and it influences welding arc space shape
Situations such as state, arc energy density, the fusing feature of melting ring 2 and welding process are splashed.By studying and verifying, made from helium
For front protecting gas, it can stablize arc space form and arc energy density, improve appearance of weld, and reduction is splashed, and is eliminated
With prevent the generation of defect, improve weldquality.
Backing gas is to be passed through the protection gas inside the heat exchanger tube of docking, and it selects argon gas.Argon gas density is big, uses
Shi Buyi floatings are scattered and disappeared, and after argon gas outflow, can form stable airflow layer.
The flow where applicable of gas is protected, molten bath is steady, and surface-brightening is without slag, and non-oxidation vestige, appearance of weld is attractive in appearance；Flow
When inapplicable, weld pool surface has slag, and weld strength is unqualified.Here, front protecting 8~20L/min of gas flow, back-protective
10~40L/min of gas flow.
In a preferred embodiment, it is the quality of guarantee weld seam fusion, the welding of melting ring 2 need to be pointed to tungsten electrode
Angle is set.Preferably tungsten electrode extension elongation of the invention is 4~5mm, and the sophisticated platform 6 of tungsten electrode is in the radial direction of melting ring 2
The distance of the upper and outer wall of melting ring 2 is 1.5~2mm, and it is that tungsten electrode is pointed to that tungsten electrode is vertical with the axis of melting ring 2 or almost vertical
The soldering supplying angle of melting ring 2 is 90 ± 5 °.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 3, by the heat exchanger tube I 1 assembled, heat exchanger tube II 3 and melting ring
2 axis are vertically fixed, and tungsten electrode is vertical with heat exchanger tube axis, and the centre of gyration in welding head welding platform 82 drives tungsten electrode rotation
Turn in horizontal position welding position carry out heat exchanger tube automatic welding.The welding of the both sides heat exchanger tube of melting ring 2 is completed by heating melting ring 2.
Require that carrying out butt welding of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube connects, and can reach good using the welding condition and operation of the present invention
Appearance of weld and weld seam fusion, tested through every nondestructive testing and physicochemical property, its result meets HTGR steam hair
Raw device heat exchanger tube welding quality requirement.
The dissimilar steel heat exchange tube as described above docking automatic soldering technique provided using the present invention detects knot after being welded
Fruit is as follows：
Visual detection：Postwelding even weld is full, is visible by naked eyes defect, and outer wall is not recessed；
Commissure pore inner diameter measurement：Outer wall projection is no more than 0.45mm, leads to ball φ and is not less than 12.1mm；
Liquid Penetrant：Assay represents no liquid seepage without display；
Rod positive ray detects (RT)：Inwall is not recessed；Flawless, undercut, incomplete fusion or lack of penetration；Circular display size
Less than 0.6mm, number is no more than 4；
Room temperature tensile：Tensile strength >=415MPa；
(550 DEG C) stretchings of high temperature：Tensile strength >=322MPa；
Face is curved, root bend test：180 ° of angle of bend, any direction is more than 3mm crackle without wall scroll length on Extrude Face
Or defect；
Metallographic test：The defects such as mother metal, weld dimensions pore-free, crackle.
Embodiment
The said welding method provided according to the present invention is to temperature gas cooled reactor steam generator middle-low alloy steel SA-213T22
Heat exchanger tube is welded with nickel-base alloy Incoloy800H heat exchanger tubes, and two heat exchanger tube specifications are 19 × 3mm of Φ, and heat exchanger tube is most
Small tube wall spacing is 41mm, and packing material is the melting rings of IN 82, specific as follows：
Step 1), before welding, to low-alloy steel SA-213T22 heat exchanger tubes and nickel-base alloy Incoloy800H heat exchange tubes
Hold and the position to be welded of IN82 melting rings be polishing to seeing metallic luster, and acetone is dipped with white non-woven cloth and wipe to nonwoven
Cloth nondiscolouring；
Step 2), by a pressing plate of heat exchanger tube welding tooling 7 be arranged on any heat exchanger tube pipe end at, adjustment frock 7 with
Pipe end relative position；Another heat exchanger tube and melting ring are assembled, both sides heat exchanger tube and fusing ring position are adjusted by frock 7, it is ensured that
Both sides heat exchanger tube is coaxial with melting ring, and ensures that both sides heat exchanger tube is fitted close with melting ring；
Step 3), the welding head of welding equipment and frock 7 are coordinated into clamping；On the length direction of heat exchanger tube, welding
Tungsten electrode points to melting ring centre position on head；In melting ring in the radial direction, the distance for controlling tungsten electrode and melting ring outer wall is
1.5mm.From thoriated tungsten electrode, a diameter of 1.6mm of tungsten electrode bar, the coning angle angle of tungsten electrode end circular cone is 30 °, sophisticated platform
A diameter of 0.35mm；
Step 4), welded by the welding parameter and operation requirement of this technique, the welding condition that this technique is used
Selection is as follows：20~45A of background current, 40~90A of peak point current, pulse frequency 2Hz, peak pulse duration 40%, weldingvoltage 23V,
Speed of welding 80mm/min, front protecting gas is helium (purity 99.997%), gas flow 10L/min, back-protective gas
Body is argon gas (purity 99.999%), gas flow 20L/min.During welding, tungsten electrode is vertical with heat exchanger tube length direction.Compile in advance
Collect in welding procedure deposit welding equipment manipulation box, welding process passes through welding procedure control.
Welding product carries out following examine：
Visual detection：Postwelding even weld is full, is visible by naked eyes defect, and outer wall is not recessed；
Commissure pore inner diameter measurement：Outer wall projection is 0.15mm, leads to ball φ 12.7mm；
Liquid Penetrant：Assay represents no liquid seepage without display；
Rod positive ray detects (RT)：Inwall is not recessed；Flawless, undercut, incomplete fusion or lack of penetration；
Room temperature tensile：Tensile strength 530MPa；
(550 DEG C) stretchings of high temperature：Tensile strength 358MPa；
Face is curved, root bend test：180 ° of angle of bend, any direction is more than 3mm crackle without wall scroll length on Extrude Face
Or defect；
Metallographic test：The defects such as stomata, crackle are not found.
As a result show, welding product made from the present embodiment reaches above-mentioned test stone, meet HTGR steam hair
Raw device middle-low alloy steel SA-213T22 heat exchanger tubes and the requirement of nickel-base alloy Incoloy800H heat exchanger tubes welding quality.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, term " on ", " interior ", the orientation of the instruction such as " outer " or position pass
It is to be described based on the orientation or position relationship under working condition of the present invention, to be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifying, and
It is not instruction or implies that signified device or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore
It is not considered as limiting the invention.
The present invention is described in detail above in association with preferred embodiment and exemplary example.But need what is stated
It is that these embodiments are only the illustrative explanations to the present invention, do not constitute any limit to protection scope of the present invention
System.In the case of without departing from spirit and scope of the present invention, the technology of the present invention content and embodiments thereof can be carried out
Various improvement, equivalencing or modification, these are each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is with appended power
Profit requires to be defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of dissimilar steel heat exchange tube docks automatic soldering technique, it is characterised in that the technique includes：
Step 1), exchange heat pipe I (1), heat exchanger tube II (3) and melting ring (2) are cleaned；
Step 2), assembling heat exchanger tube I (1), heat exchanger tube II (3) and melting ring (2)；
Step 3), install, debug welding equipment；
Step 4), welding condition is set, starts soldering.
2. welding procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) in, the heat exchanger tube I (1) is low-alloy
Steel SA-213T22 heat exchanger tubes, the heat exchanger tube II (3) is nickel-base alloy Incoloy800H heat exchanger tubes；And/or
The external diameter of the heat exchanger tube I (1) is 19 ± 0.10mm, 3 ± 0.10mm of wall thickness；The external diameter of the heat exchanger tube II (3) is 19
± 0.0.05mm, 3 ± 0.10mm of wall thickness；
Preferably, the external diameter of heat exchanger tube I (1) and heat exchanger tube II (3) is equal and/or wall thickness is equal.
3. welding procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) in, the melting ring (2) is ring-type IN
82 materials.
4. the welding procedure according to one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that step 2) in, heat exchanger tube I (1) and heat exchange
The side pipe end of pipe II (3) not finished edge, is directly assembled；And/or
Assembled using frock (7) exchange heat pipe I (1), heat exchanger tube II (3) and melting ring (2), the frock (7) includes using
In two pressing plates for clamping heat exchanger tube to be welded, assembly method includes：One pressing plate of frock (7) is arranged on heat exchanger tube I
(1) at the pipe end of side, adjustment pressing plate assembles heat exchanger tube II (3), melting ring (2) to pipe end setting position, then with another pressing plate
Between two heat exchanger tubes, both sides heat exchanger tube is fitted close with melting ring (2).
5. welding procedure according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step 2) in, melting ring is adjusted by frock (7)
(2) position of both sides heat exchanger tube and melting ring (2), makes heat exchanger tube I (1) and heat exchanger tube II (3) and melting ring (2) coaxial.
6. welding procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) in, the welding equipment includes tungsten electrode, tungsten
Pole includes tungsten electrode bar (4), tungsten electrode end circular cone (5) and the sophisticated platform (6) being arranged on tungsten electrode end circular cone (5),
Wherein, a diameter of 1.6mm or 2.4mm of tungsten electrode bar (4), the coning angle of tungsten electrode end circular cone (5) is 25 °~30 °, tip
A diameter of 0.35~0.40mm of platform (6), the center of circle of sophisticated platform (6) and the axis collinear of tungsten electrode end circular cone (5), tungsten electrode
The axis of end circular cone (5) and tungsten electrode bar (4) axis collinear.
7. welding procedure according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step 3) in, on the length direction of heat exchanger tube, weldering
The tungsten electrode on head that picks points to melting ring (2) centre position；And/or
In melting ring (2) in the radial direction, it is 1.5~2mm to control the sophisticated platform (6) of tungsten electrode and the distance of melting ring (2) outer wall.
8. welding procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) in, the welding condition is as follows：Base
Value 20~45A of electric current, 40~90A of peak point current, 2~2.5HZ of pulse frequency, peak pulse duration 40%~50%, weldingvoltage 15~
33V, 80~105mm/min of speed of welding, front protecting gas are helium, purity >=99.995%, 8~20L/ of gas flow
Min, backing gas is argon gas, purity >=99.997%, 10~40L/min of gas flow.
9. welding procedure according to claim 8, it is characterised in that step 4) in, melting ring (2) is pointed to tungsten electrode and applied
Leg degree is set, and the soldering supplying angle for making tungsten electrode point to melting ring (2) is 90 ± 5 °.
10. the welding procedure according to one of claim 1 to 9, it is characterised in that examined after the dissimilar steel heat exchange tube welding
Survey result as follows：
A. visual detection：Postwelding even weld is full, is visible by naked eyes defect, and outer wall is not recessed；
B. commissure pore inner diameter measurement：Outer wall projection is no more than 0.45mm, leads to ball φ and is not less than 12.1mm；
C. Liquid Penetrant：Assay represents no liquid seepage without display；
D. rod positive ray is detected：Inwall is not recessed；Flawless, undercut, incomplete fusion or lack of penetration；Circular display size is less than
0.6mm, number is no more than 4；
E. room temperature tensile：Tensile strength >=415MPa；
F. 550 DEG C of stretchings of high temperature：Tensile strength >=322MPa；
G. face is curved, root bend test：180 ° of angle of bend, on Extrude Face any direction without wall scroll length be more than 3mm crackle or
Defect；
H. metallographic test：The defects such as mother metal, weld dimensions pore-free, crackle.
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| CN110508909B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-07-09 | 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 | Welding system and method for stainless steel pipe butt joint automatic superposition pulse single-pass welding |
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