CN107051232B - Sterilization and aldehyde removal air filtering membrane - Google Patents
Sterilization and aldehyde removal air filtering membrane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sterilization and aldehyde removal air filtration membrane which is of a three-layer nanofiber membrane composite structure, wherein the upper layer is an active carbon nanofiber membrane, and the middle layer is pure TiO2A nano fiber film, a lower nano silver antibacterial fiber film, the pure TiO2The nano-fiber membrane is a high polymer material/TiO prepared by an electrostatic spinning method2Pure TiO obtained by heat treatment of precursor composite nanofiber membrane2The nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane is an electrospun nano-silver particle/high polymer material composite nano-fiber membrane. The air filter membrane not only can play a good filtering effect on solid granular pollutants, but also has good air permeability, can purify and decompose formaldehyde in the air, filter and kill harmful bacteria in the air, and better guarantee the health of a respiratory system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of anti-pollution air filtering and purifying application, and particularly relates to a sterilization and aldehyde removal air filtering membrane which can be used as a mask filter element material.
Background
Air pollution is a phenomenon that the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere reaches a harmful degree, exceeds the environmental quality standard, destroys an ecological system and the normal living conditions of human beings, and causes harm to human beings and objects. In addition to air pollution caused by industrial process, indoor air pollution caused by decoration is not ignored, more than 500 volatile substances exist in indoor air, more than 20 carcinogenic substances exist in the indoor air, and more than 200 pathogenic viruses exist in the indoor air. The major hazards are: formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, trichloroethylene and the like, and the indoor air pollution mainly comes from decoration pollution because harmful substances are contained in building materials selected for buildings and seriously exceed standards. The main pollutant formaldehyde has the characteristics of long-term, latent and hidden harm to human bodies, and serious diseases such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, laryngeal carcinoma and the like can be caused by long-term formaldehyde inhalation. In the face of such serious air pollution forms, the mask is worn by the most effective means of personal protection, and various masks adopting air filtering membranes as filter element materials appear in the market at present, and the products can play a role in isolating solid granular pollutants in the air to a certain extent. However, the filter element materials of the masks on the market mainly emphasize the filtering function and have different filtering effects, even if the filter element materials block solid particles in the air, pollutants such as formaldehyde and the like can not be effectively removed, and meanwhile, the filtered particles and bacteria are easily attached to the mask close to the mouth and nose to cause the breeding of bacteria, form secondary pollution, easily cause respiratory diseases and harm the health of human bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a sterilization and aldehyde removal air filtering membrane which can be used as a mask filter element material, not only can have a good filtering effect on solid granular pollutants, but also has good air permeability, can purify and decompose formaldehyde in air, filter and kill harmful bacteria in air, and better guarantee the health of a respiratory system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the air filtering membrane is of a three-layer nanofiber membrane composite structure, the upper layer is an active carbon nanofiber membrane, and the middle layer is pure TiO2A nano fiber film, a lower nano silver antibacterial fiber film, the pure TiO2The nano-fiber membrane is a high polymer material/TiO prepared by an electrostatic spinning method2Pure TiO obtained by heat treatment of precursor composite nanofiber membrane2A nanofiber membrane, the activated carbon being nanoThe fiber membrane is an electrospun nano active carbon particle/high polymer material composite nano fiber membrane, and the spinning precursor solution containing the nano active carbon particles is directly electrospun and compounded on pure TiO through electrostatic spinning2The upper surface of the nano-fiber membrane is formed with an active carbon nano-fiber membrane, the nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane is an electrospun nano-silver particle/high polymer material composite nano-fiber membrane, and a spinning precursor solution containing nano-silver particles is directly electrospun and compounded on pure TiO through electrostatic spinning2And a nano silver antibacterial fiber film is formed on the lower surface of the nano fiber film.
The titanium dioxide is a photocatalyst, under the condition of illumination, the surface of the titanium dioxide can be excited to produce electrons and holes, and the titanium dioxide can catalyze air pollutants (such as formaldehyde) to react to generate carbon dioxide and water, so that the high molecular material/TiO prepared by an electrostatic spinning method2The precursor composite nanofiber membrane is subjected to heat treatment to crystallize titanium dioxide and remove high polymer materials in the fibers, so that TiO can be obtained2Pure TiO with large specific surface area and macroporosity and formed by nano-fiber2Nanofiber membranes, in comparison to other TiO2The photocatalyst has rich pores and large specific surface area, can contact with formaldehyde in air more fully, improves the catalytic decomposition efficiency of formaldehyde, has rich nano pores, enables the material to have better air permeability, and can filter solid particle substances in air. However, the nanofiber membrane made of the titanium dioxide crystal has poor mechanical properties and no stretch bending property, so that the method for preparing TiO by applying electrostatic spinning and heat treatment is used for the preparation of the TiO2The nanofiber membrane has higher catalytic performance, still cannot be widely applied, and particularly has great limitation on the application of the nanofiber membrane in the aspect of needing flexible air filter membrane materials such as mask filter elements and the like. The air filtering membrane of the invention adopts an electrostatic spinning method to directly carry out electrostatic spinning on pure TiO2The two sides of the nano-fiber membrane are electro-spun and compounded with an active carbon nano-fiber membrane and a nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane which have good mechanical properties, and the upper layer and the lower layer of the fiber membrane are in fiber structure with TiO2The long and rectangular nano-fiber forms a composite structure capable of aligning TiO of the intermediate layer2The nano fiber film plays a role in protecting and fixingThe composite material has the advantages that the mechanical property of the composite material is improved to a certain degree, the composite material can meet application requirements, meanwhile, the fiber film-shaped nano porous structures of the upper layer fiber film and the lower layer fiber film can improve the filtering effect of the composite material and enhance the filtering effect of the composite material on tiny pollutants, and meanwhile, the nano silver antibacterial fiber film has strong antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects and is compatible with pure TiO2The combined action of the nanofiber membrane can play a good antibacterial and bacteriostatic effect, harmful bacteria in the air can be effectively filtered and killed, a better protective effect is achieved, and the adsorption effect of active carbon nanoparticles in the active carbon nanofiber membrane and the porous structure line of the air filtering membrane are matched to enhance the performance of materials for adsorbing and filtering solid particle pollutants. The air filtering membrane of the invention has excellent antibacterial, filtering (solid particles) and aldehyde removing functions through the compounding of the materials.
Preferably, pure TiO2Polymer material/TiO of nanofiber membrane2The precursor composite nanofiber membrane is electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone/TiO2And (3) compounding the precursor with the nanofiber membrane.
Preferably, said pure TiO2The nanofiber membrane is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding 3.4g of n-butyl titanate and 2g of sulfosalicylic acid into 9ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly mixing by magnetic stirring for 1 hour to obtain a solution A; adding 3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into 7ml of deionized water, and uniformly mixing by magnetic stirring for 2 hours to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, and magnetically stirring for 2 hours to uniformly mix the solutions to obtain a spinning precursor solution A;
(2) adding the spinning precursor solution A obtained in the step (1) into a liquid storage mechanism of an electrostatic spinning device, performing electrostatic spinning to form a fiber membrane on a collecting polar plate to obtain the polyvinylpyrrolidone/TiO2The spinning voltage of the precursor composite nanofiber membrane is 15kV, the spinning distance is 10cm, and the spinning time is 40 minutes;
(3) putting the sample obtained in the step (2) into a tube furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min in an oxygen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature, and taking out the sample to obtain pure TiO2A nanofiber membrane.
Preferably, the activated carbon nanofiber membrane is a nano activated carbon particle/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite nanofiber membrane.
Preferably, the activated carbon nanofiber membrane is prepared by the following method:
a) mixing nano activated carbon particles with the particle size of 200nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 2 hours, ultrasonically oscillating for 10 minutes, magnetically stirring for 20 minutes again to obtain nano activated carbon dispersion liquid, wherein the content of nano silver particles in the nano activated carbon dispersion liquid is 10 percent;
b) dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water to prepare polyacrylonitrile polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 18 wt%, and mixing and stirring the obtained polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the nano activated carbon dispersion liquid obtained in the step a) uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain spinning precursor liquid B;
c) pure TiO as intermediate layer2Spreading the upper surface of the nanofiber membrane on a collecting polar plate of an electrostatic spinning device towards a spinning nozzle, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning precursor liquid B obtained in the step B) on pure TiO by using an electrostatic spinning method2The upper surface of the nanofiber membrane is compounded with the activated carbon nanofiber membrane, the spinning voltage is 20kV, the spinning distance is 15cm, and the spinning time is 30 minutes.
Preferably, the nano-silver antibacterial fibrous membrane is a nano-silver particle/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite nano-fibrous membrane prepared by direct electrospinning.
Preferably, the nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane is prepared by the following method:
1) mixing nano silver particles with the particle size of 50nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 2 hours, ultrasonically oscillating for 10 minutes, magnetically stirring again for 20 minutes to obtain nano silver dispersion liquid, wherein the content of the nano silver particles in the nano silver dispersion liquid is 5%;
2) dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water to prepare polyacrylonitrile polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 18 wt%, and mixing and stirring the obtained polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the nano-silver dispersion liquid obtained in the step 1) uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain spinning precursor liquid C;
3) pure TiO as intermediate layer2The lower surface of the nanofiber membrane facesSpreading a spinning nozzle on a collecting polar plate of an electrostatic spinning device, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning precursor solution C obtained in the step 2) on pure TiO by using an electrostatic spinning method2The lower surface of the nano-fiber membrane is compounded with the nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane, the spinning voltage is 15kV, the spinning distance is 10cm, and the spinning time is 20 minutes.
In the preferred scheme, water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone is selected as the polymer matrix of the upper and lower nanofiber membranes, and the concentration of deionized water in the spinning precursor solution is increased intentionally when the spinning solution is prepared, so as to slow down the solidification speed of the fibers, thereby directly purifying TiO in the middle layer2When the nanofiber membrane surface is electro-spun and compounded with the upper and lower nanofiber membranes, the composite material falls into pure TiO2The electrospun nanofibers on the surface of the nanofiber membrane are not completely solidified, and in this case, the electrospun nanofibers are not only in contact with TiO2The nanometer fiber forms a long and rectangular structure, and can be solidified with TiO2The nanometer fiber is adhered to produce firm combination, and the upper and lower fiber membranes are made of the same polymer matrix and have good compatibility with pure TiO in the electrospinning process2The nanometer silver antibacterial fiber on the surface of the nanometer fiber film which is not completely solidified can permeate pure TiO2The pores of the nanofiber membrane are bonded with the fibers of the active carbon nanofiber membrane on the upper layer, and a firmer composite structure is formed after the fibers are solidified, so that the upper nanofiber membrane and the lower nanofiber membrane which have better mechanical properties and contain high polymer materials and the middle pure TiO are bonded with each other2The nanofiber membrane is firmly combined and can be used for the intermediate layer of pure TiO2The nanofiber membrane plays better roles of protection, support and limit, and effectively makes up for pure TiO2The nanofiber membrane has the defect of poor mechanical property, and the mechanical property of the composite material is improved, so that the air filtering membrane has better flexibility and can meet the application requirement.
The filtering efficiency, the air permeability and the filtering resistance of the air filtering membrane are tested by referring to GB 2626-2006, wherein the filtering efficiency of the air filtering membrane is more than or equal to 99%, the air permeability is more than or equal to 20cm/s, and the filtering resistance is less than 110 Pa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a sterilization and aldehyde removal air filtering membrane which can be used as a mask filter element material, not only can have a good filtering effect on solid granular pollutants, but also has good air permeability, can purify and decompose formaldehyde in air, filter and kill harmful bacteria in air, and better guarantee the health of a respiratory system. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the titanium dioxide is a photocatalyst, under the condition of illumination, the surface of the titanium dioxide can be excited to produce electrons and holes, and the titanium dioxide can catalyze air pollutants (such as formaldehyde) to react to generate carbon dioxide and water, so that the high molecular material/TiO prepared by an electrostatic spinning method2The precursor composite nanofiber membrane is subjected to heat treatment to crystallize titanium dioxide and remove high polymer materials in the fibers, so that TiO can be obtained2Pure TiO with large specific surface area and macroporosity and formed by nano-fiber2Nanofiber membranes, in comparison to other TiO2The photocatalyst has rich pores and large specific surface area, can contact with formaldehyde in air more fully, improves the catalytic decomposition efficiency of formaldehyde, has rich nano pores, enables the material to have better air permeability, and can filter solid particle substances in air. However, the nanofiber membrane made of the titanium dioxide crystal has poor mechanical properties and no stretch bending property, so that the method for preparing TiO by applying electrostatic spinning and heat treatment is used for the preparation of the TiO2The nanofiber membrane has higher catalytic performance, still cannot be widely applied, and particularly has great limitation on the application of the nanofiber membrane in the aspect of needing flexible air filter membrane materials such as mask filter elements and the like. The air filtering membrane of the invention adopts an electrostatic spinning method to directly carry out electrostatic spinning on pure TiO2The two sides of the nano-fiber membrane are electro-spun and compounded with an active carbon nano-fiber membrane and a nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane which have good mechanical properties, and the upper layer and the lower layer of the fiber membrane are in fiber structure with TiO2The long and rectangular nano-fiber forms a composite structure capable of aligning TiO of the intermediate layer2The nanofiber membrane plays a role in protection and fixation, the mechanical property of the composite material is improved to a certain extent, the composite material can meet the application requirement, and meanwhile, the upper and lower layers of the fiber membranes have fiber membrane-shaped nano porous structuresThe filtering effect of the composite material is improved, the filtering effect of the composite material on tiny pollutants is enhanced, and meanwhile, the nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane also has strong antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects and is compatible with pure TiO2The combined action of the nanofiber membrane can play a good antibacterial and bacteriostatic effect, harmful bacteria in the air can be effectively filtered and killed, a better protective effect is achieved, and the adsorption effect of active carbon nanoparticles in the active carbon nanofiber membrane and the porous structure line of the air filtering membrane are matched to enhance the performance of materials for adsorbing and filtering solid particle pollutants. The air filtering membrane of the invention has excellent antibacterial, filtering (solid particles) and aldehyde removing functions through the compounding of the materials.
(2) In the preferred scheme, water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone is selected as the polymer matrix of the upper and lower nanofiber membranes, and the concentration of deionized water in the spinning precursor solution is increased intentionally when the spinning solution is prepared, so as to slow down the solidification speed of the fibers, thereby directly purifying TiO in the middle layer2When the nanofiber membrane surface is electro-spun and compounded with the upper and lower nanofiber membranes, the composite material falls into pure TiO2The electrospun nanofibers on the surface of the nanofiber membrane are not completely solidified, and in this case, the electrospun nanofibers are not only in contact with TiO2The nanometer fiber forms a long and rectangular structure, and can be solidified with TiO2The nanometer fiber is adhered to produce firm combination, and the upper and lower fiber membranes are made of the same polymer matrix and have good compatibility with pure TiO in the electrospinning process2The nanometer silver antibacterial fiber on the surface of the nanometer fiber film which is not completely solidified can permeate pure TiO2The pores of the nanofiber membrane are bonded with the fibers of the active carbon nanofiber membrane on the upper layer, and a firmer composite structure is formed after the fibers are solidified, so that the upper nanofiber membrane and the lower nanofiber membrane which have better mechanical properties and contain high polymer materials and the middle pure TiO are bonded with each other2The nanofiber membrane is firmly combined and can be used for the intermediate layer of pure TiO2The nanofiber membrane plays better roles of protection, support and limit, and effectively makes up for pure TiO2The nano fiber membrane has the defect of poor mechanical property, and the mechanical property of the composite material is improved, so that the air filtering membrane disclosed by the inventionHas better flexibility and can meet the application requirements.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, one skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the specific material proportions, process conditions, and results thereof described in the examples are illustrative only and should not, nor should they, limit the invention as detailed in the claims.
Example 1
The sterilizing and aldehyde-removing air filtering membrane is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding 3.4g of n-butyl titanate and 2g of sulfosalicylic acid into 9ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly mixing by magnetic stirring for 1 hour to obtain a solution A; adding 3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into 7ml of deionized water, and uniformly mixing by magnetic stirring for 2 hours to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, and magnetically stirring for 2 hours to uniformly mix the solutions to obtain a spinning precursor solution A;
(2) adding the spinning precursor solution A obtained in the step (1) into a liquid storage mechanism of an electrostatic spinning device, performing electrostatic spinning to form a fiber membrane on a collecting polar plate to obtain the polyvinylpyrrolidone/TiO2The spinning voltage of the precursor composite nanofiber membrane is 15kV, the spinning distance is 10cm, and the spinning time is 40 minutes;
(3) putting the sample obtained in the step (2) into a tube furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min in an oxygen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature, and taking out the sample to obtain pure TiO2A nanofiber membrane;
(4) mixing nano activated carbon particles with the particle size of 200nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 2 hours, ultrasonically oscillating for 10 minutes, magnetically stirring for 20 minutes again to obtain nano activated carbon dispersion liquid, wherein the content of nano silver particles in the nano activated carbon dispersion liquid is 10 percent;
(5) dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water to prepare polyacrylonitrile polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 18 wt%, and mixing and stirring the obtained polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the nano activated carbon dispersion liquid obtained in the step (4) uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain spinning precursor liquid B;
(6) step (3)The pure TiO obtained2The upper surface of the nanofiber membrane faces to a spinning nozzle and is flatly paved on a collecting polar plate of an electrostatic spinning device, and the spinning precursor liquid B obtained in the step (5) is directly subjected to an electrostatic spinning method on pure TiO2Compounding an active carbon nanofiber membrane on the upper surface of the nanofiber membrane to prepare a composite fiber membrane with a two-layer structure, wherein the spinning voltage is 20kV, the spinning distance is 15cm, and the spinning time is 30 minutes;
(7) mixing nano silver particles with the particle size of 50nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 2 hours, ultrasonically oscillating for 10 minutes, magnetically stirring again for 20 minutes to obtain nano silver dispersion liquid, wherein the content of the nano silver particles in the nano silver dispersion liquid is 5%;
(8) dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water to prepare polyacrylonitrile polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 18 wt%, and mixing and stirring the obtained polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the nano-silver dispersion liquid obtained in the step (7) uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain spinning precursor liquid C;
(9) pure TiO of the two-layer structure composite fiber membrane obtained in the step (6)2The surface of the nanofiber membrane faces a spinning nozzle and is flatly paved on a collecting polar plate of an electrostatic spinning device, and the spinning precursor liquid C obtained in the step (8) is directly subjected to an electrostatic spinning method on pure TiO2Compounding a nano silver antibacterial fiber membrane on the surface of the nano fiber membrane to obtain a three-layer structure composite fiber membrane, wherein the spinning voltage is 15kV, the spinning distance is 10cm, and the spinning time is 20 minutes;
(10) and (4) cutting the three-layer structure composite fiber membrane obtained in the step (9) according to the size of the required air filtering membrane to obtain the sterilizing and aldehyde-removing air filtering membrane.
The air filtering membrane prepared by the method has a three-layer nanofiber membrane composite structure, the upper layer is an active carbon nanofiber membrane, and the middle layer is pure TiO2A nano fiber film and a lower nano silver antibacterial fiber film. The filtering efficiency, the air permeability and the filtering resistance of the air filtering membrane are tested by referring to GB 2626-<110Pa。
Comparative example 1
The method according to steps (1) to (3)Preparation of a monolayer of pure TiO2A nano-fiber membrane, and pure TiO of the test example according to GB 2626-2The filtration efficiency, the air permeability and the filtration resistance of the nanofiber membrane are respectively equal to or less than 81 percent, the air permeability is equal to or more than 20cm/s and the filtration resistance<110Pa。
Comparative example 2
And (3) preparing a single-layer activated carbon nanofiber membrane by referring to the methods in the steps (4) - (6) (directly collecting the nanofiber membrane on the collecting polar plate in the step (6), then taking the nanofiber membrane off the collecting polar plate for testing), and testing the filtration efficiency, the air permeability and the filtration resistance of the activated carbon nanofiber membrane by referring to GB 2626-one 2006, wherein the filtration efficiency is less than or equal to 80%, the air permeability is more than or equal to 20cm/s, and the filtration resistance is less than 110 Pa.
Comparative example 3
And (3) preparing a single-layer nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane by referring to the methods in the steps (7) to (9), and testing the filtration efficiency, the air permeability and the filtration resistance of the nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane by referring to GB 2626-.
The results show that the air filtering membrane has better filtering performance on particulate matters in the air, has better air permeability and can play a better role in purifying the air.
Example 2 bacteriostatic test:
1. experimental strains: staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538)
2. And (3) strain culture medium: nutrient agar medium and nutrient broth medium.
3. The bacteriostatic experiment was divided into 1 experimental group using the air filtration membrane of example 1 and 4 control groups, in which control group 1 was double-circle qualitative filter paper (blank control) and control group 2 was pure TiO of control example 12The nanofiber membrane, control 3 was the activated carbon nanofiber membrane of control 2, and control 4 was the nano silver antibacterial fiber membrane of control 3.
4. The specific experimental steps are as follows:
(1) preparing a drug sensitive tablet: preparing samples of 1 experimental group and 4 control groups into round pieces with diameter of 6mm by a puncher respectively, putting the round pieces into a clean and dry penicillin empty bottle, preparing 5 sample round pieces for each sample, wrapping a bottle mouth by single-layer kraft paper, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30min under high pressure, drying at 100 ℃, and hermetically storing for later use;
(2) preparing a bacterial liquid: placing the staphylococcus aureus strain in 10ml nutrient broth culture medium, and culturing at 37 ℃ for 18 h; respectively taking 1ml of culture solution, adding 9ml of 0.9% sterile sodium chloride solution, and respectively diluting the two kinds of bacterial solutions to 105-106 cfu/ml by adopting a 10-time incremental dilution method for later use;
(3) uniformly inoculating the test bacterial liquid prepared in the step (2) on a mannitol sodium chloride agar plate, standing for 5min at room temperature, spreading 25 drug sensitive tablets prepared in the step (1) on the agar plate inoculated with staphylococcus aureus, placing the plate in an incubator in an inverted mode at 37 ℃ for 24h, measuring the diameter (mm) of a bacteriostatic ring of each drug sensitive tablet, and calculating the average value of the diameters of the bacteriostatic rings of each group.
5. Test observation and measurement:
and (4) observation: the zone of no inhibition is represented by "-";
the diameter of the inhibition zone is less than 10mm, which is indicated by "+";
the diameter of the inhibition zone is 10-14 mm, which is indicated by "+", and is moderate inhibition;
the diameter of the inhibition zone is more than 14mm, which is expressed by "+ + +";
| blank control | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Example 1 | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | - | + | - | ++ | +++ |
From the above results, it can be seen that the air filtration membrane of example 1 has a good bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect, and can achieve the effect of purifying and killing harmful bacteria in the air.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only for understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications based on the technical solutions described in the claims, and all equivalent changes or modifications should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The air filtering membrane for sterilizing and removing aldehyde is characterized in that the air filtering membrane is of a three-layer nanofiber membrane composite structure, the upper layer is an active carbon nanofiber membrane, and the middle layer is pure TiO2A nano fiber film, a lower nano silver antibacterial fiber film, the pure TiO2The nano-fiber membrane is a high polymer material/TiO prepared by an electrostatic spinning method2Pure TiO obtained by heat treatment of precursor composite nanofiber membrane2The active carbon nanofiber membrane is an electrospun nano active carbon particle/high polymer material composite nanofiber membrane, and a spinning precursor solution containing nano active carbon particles is directly electrospun and compounded on pure TiO through electrostatic spinning2The upper surface of the nano-fiber membrane is formed with an active carbon nano-fiber membrane, and the nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane is electrospun nano-silverThe particle/polymer material composite nano fiber membrane is characterized in that spinning precursor solution containing nano silver particles is directly electro-spun and compounded on pure TiO through electrostatic spinning2Forming a nano silver antibacterial fiber film on the lower surface of the nano fiber film;
the concentration of deionized water in the spinning precursor solution of the active carbon nanofiber membrane and the nano silver antibacterial fiber membrane is increased, so that the upper and lower two layers of membranes fall on pure TiO2The nanofiber membrane surface is not completely cured; the activated carbon nanofiber membrane and the nano-silver antibacterial fiber both adopt polyvinylpyrrolidone as a high-molecular matrix;
pure TiO2Polymer material/TiO of nanofiber membrane2The precursor composite nanofiber membrane is electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone/TiO2A precursor composite nanofiber membrane;
the pure TiO is2The nanofiber membrane is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding 3.4g of n-butyl titanate and 2g of sulfosalicylic acid into 9ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly mixing by magnetic stirring for 1 hour to obtain a solution A; adding 3g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into 7ml of deionized water, and uniformly mixing by magnetic stirring for 2 hours to obtain a solution B; mixing the solution A and the solution B, and magnetically stirring for 2 hours to uniformly mix the solutions to obtain a spinning precursor solution A;
(2) adding the spinning precursor solution A obtained in the step (1) into a liquid storage mechanism of an electrostatic spinning device, performing electrostatic spinning to form a fiber membrane on a collecting polar plate to obtain the polyvinylpyrrolidone/TiO2The spinning voltage of the precursor composite nanofiber membrane is 15kV, the spinning distance is 10cm, and the spinning time is 40 minutes;
(3) putting the sample obtained in the step (2) into a tube furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min in an oxygen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature, and taking out the sample to obtain pure TiO2A nanofiber membrane.
2. The air filtering membrane for sterilization and aldehyde removal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the activated carbon nanofiber membrane is a nano activated carbon particle/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite nanofiber membrane.
3. The air filtering membrane for sterilizing and removing aldehyde according to claim 2, wherein the activated carbon nanofiber membrane is prepared by the following method:
a) mixing nano activated carbon particles with the particle size of 200nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 2 hours, ultrasonically oscillating for 10 minutes, and magnetically stirring again for 20 minutes to obtain nano activated carbon dispersion liquid;
b) dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water to prepare a polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 18 wt%, and uniformly mixing and stirring the obtained polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the nano activated carbon dispersion liquid obtained in the step a) according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a spinning precursor solution B;
c) pure TiO as intermediate layer2Spreading the upper surface of the nanofiber membrane on a collecting polar plate of an electrostatic spinning device towards a spinning nozzle, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning precursor liquid B obtained in the step B) on pure TiO by using an electrostatic spinning method2The upper surface of the nanofiber membrane is compounded with the activated carbon nanofiber membrane, the spinning voltage is 20kV, the spinning distance is 15cm, and the spinning time is 30 minutes.
4. The air filtering membrane for sterilization and aldehyde removal according to claim 1, wherein the nano silver antibacterial fiber membrane is a nano silver particle/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite nano fiber membrane prepared by direct electrospinning.
5. The air filtering membrane for sterilizing and removing aldehyde according to claim 4, wherein the nano silver antibacterial fiber membrane is prepared by the following method:
1) mixing nano silver particles with the particle size of 50nm and absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetically stirring for 2 hours, ultrasonically oscillating for 10 minutes, magnetically stirring again for 20 minutes to obtain nano silver dispersion liquid, wherein the content of the nano silver particles in the nano silver dispersion liquid is 5%;
2) dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone in deionized water to prepare polyacrylonitrile polyvinylpyrrolidone solution with the mass fraction of 18 wt%, and mixing and stirring the obtained polyvinylpyrrolidone solution and the nano-silver dispersion liquid obtained in the step 1) uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain spinning precursor liquid C;
3) pure TiO as intermediate layer2Spreading the lower surface of the nanofiber membrane on a collecting polar plate of an electrostatic spinning device towards a spinning nozzle, and directly carrying out electrostatic spinning on the spinning precursor solution C obtained in the step 2) on pure TiO by using an electrostatic spinning method2The lower surface of the nano-fiber membrane is compounded with the nano-silver antibacterial fiber membrane, the spinning voltage is 15kV, the spinning distance is 10cm, and the spinning time is 20 minutes.
6. The air filtering membrane for sterilization and aldehyde removal according to claim 1, wherein the air filtering membrane has a filtering efficiency of 99% or more, an air permeability of 20cm/s or more, and a filtering resistance of 110 Pa.
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| CN108589054A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-28 | 东华大学 | A kind of preparation method of polyacrylonitrile/nanometer silver antimicrobial filter composite material |
| CN110328920B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2022-08-09 | 陈秀梅 | Environment-friendly composite material for preventing toxic gas and preparation method thereof |
| CN112244384B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2024-02-20 | 明光市铭垚凹凸棒产业科技有限公司 | Multifunctional reusable mask for efficient filtration, adsorption and sterilization and preparation method thereof |
| CA3234285A1 (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2023-04-13 | Matregenix, Inc. | Electrospun nanofibrous polymer membrane for use in air filtration applications |
| CN114351357B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-03-24 | 大连民族大学 | Flexible bactericidal nanofiber membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
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