CN1070501A - The method and apparatus of capturing skin print images - Google Patents

The method and apparatus of capturing skin print images Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1070501A
CN1070501A CN 91109773 CN91109773A CN1070501A CN 1070501 A CN1070501 A CN 1070501A CN 91109773 CN91109773 CN 91109773 CN 91109773 A CN91109773 A CN 91109773A CN 1070501 A CN1070501 A CN 1070501A
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China
Prior art keywords
image
finger
image recording
prism
continuously
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CN 91109773
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
B·H·菲什拜恩
G·M·菲什拜恩
T·D·克莱恩
D·E·杰曼
M·兰赛姆
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Digital Biometrics Inc
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Digital Biometrics Inc
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Priority to CN 91109773 priority Critical patent/CN1070501A/en
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Abstract

A system that is used to produce real-time roll extrusion dermatoglyph data characteristics sign indicating number.Body part is for example pointed, and contacts the surface of bearing of optical devices.At period of contact, make this bear surface imaging and be recorded on the image recording media.Utilize formed record to produce the numerical data of representing the dermatoglyph image then.This is for obtaining the rolling fingerprint image, and it is useful especially being recorded in it on flat receiving surface.

Description

The method and apparatus of capturing skin print images
The present invention relates to the skin pattern image computer processing method of optics, to produce the skin pattern image, particularly finger print image of roll extrusion.
For many years, be that printing ink is coated onto on individual's the finger tip in order to obtain the technology that " roll extrusion " fingerprint the most generally adopts, and the finger tip roll extrusion that will go up printing ink is on the appropriate location of applicant's card.Though the method for these inkings can provide satisfied image usually, they also have its shortcoming.The method of this inking is sordid.Perhaps a bigger shortcoming that more should this system is that the image that printed off is difficult for being applicable to and makes computerized storage and treatment technology, thereby has limited the cooperation between each security authority and the transmission of fingerprint data.
Use optical method, or among the optics method that the adds machinery various systems that produce finger print image are also using.Several such fingerprint imaging systems are disclosed in people's such as Fishbine U.S. Patent No. 4,933,976; The Deutsche Bundespatent No.3 of Ruell, 423,886A 1; The U.S. Patent No. 3,482,498 of Bercker; The U.S. Patent No. 3,975,711 of McMahon; U.S. Patent No. 4,544,267 and the No.4 of Schiller, 322,163; And among the U.S. Patent No. 4,553,837 of Marcus.
Because finger is gone up the after-combustion flexural property of fingerprint, be difficult from the image of optics acquisition fingerprint, particularly more difficult concerning the image that shows the roll extrusion fingerprint.People such as Fishbine disclose a kind of method based on the determined pool image of being lined up by the layer data characteristic of the finger print image of many contiguous and overlapping two dimension slicings.
Other reference papers have related to the complicated machinery motion of fingerprint receiving optics.The patent disclosure of Ruell a kind of system of fingerprints, wherein camera has absorbed the image of roll extrusion by the finger of tactility tabula rasa.Feeler in photographic plate edge provides the information of representing finger cover part on the tactility tabula rasa.The result be make many vicinities but the two dimension slicing of nonoverlapping slabbing forms finger print image together.
The patent disclosure of Schiller a kind of device, finger is pressed on the screen board and seeks the fingerprint target that light beam is scanned to provide by collimation in this device.Light beam moves past this screen board linearly, keeps a constant angles between the objective plane of seeking light beam and being scanned thereby make.The U.S. Patent No. 4,553,837 of Marcus discloses a kind of finger treating apparatus that includes the cylindric-fan-shaped screen board of a support finger.Optical scanning device with a kind of like this make light beam the incident angle on the fingerprint target keep constant mode scan screen board around.The U.S. Patent No. 3,483,498 of Becker discloses a kind of several embodiment that produce the optical devices of roll extrusion finger print image.In the embodiment shown in its Figure 1A, utilized one group of prism and light source, and just produced spherical and the analog side crown line.Its Fig. 2 and embodiment shown in Figure 3 have used that finger control that a kind of usefulness one rolling moves and the mechanical system of positioned light source.
Though in the Ruell patent, perhaps Marcus patent and the disclosed system of fingerprints of Becker patent can optically provide the finger print image of roll extrusion, these systems far do not meet the requirements fully.These systems are quite complicated in mechanical aspects.Consequently, may make synthetic image appearance interruption, mixed and disorderly artificial lines and other scramblings owing to the error that focuses on mistake or each several part section splicing.People's such as Fishbine patent has overcome these problems, but requires to increase the expense of computer capacity aspect.
Obviously, the optical finger print system is improved to remain need.The computing machine condition that a kind of usefulness the is limited and system that can optically produce real-time roll extrusion finger print image conforms with this needs.Certainly, this system must be accurate and reliable.
The present invention is a kind of method of skin pattern image, particularly finger print image of improved generation roll extrusion.Utilize the image intensity sumproperties of some image-recording medium, under controlled condition, form the skin pattern image of roll extrusion.Compared with common printing ink method better more reliable image quality will be arranged according to the image that the inventive method produced.The formed system of this law is simpler compared with the device that competitive optics or optics add machinery, and expense is low and more reliable.In general, any skin print images can both go on record by the present invention such as print images such as pin, hand, finger, lips.A kind of desirable especially record finger print image system is devised.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of a representative system, and it can be used for producing the roll extrusion finger print image according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 A-2C is illustrated in during the fingerprint shooting operation, when prism shown in Figure 1 is crossed in the finger roll extrusion, and the several sections of the finger that contacts with prism.
The finger of Fig. 3 A-3C difference key diagram 2A-2C and the fingerprint optical image of each contact portion of prism.
Fig. 4 A-4C explanation is stayed the roll extrusion finger print image on the image-recording medium when the optical image of Fig. 3 A-3C is noted down.
Fig. 5 is that Fig. 4 C image is done digital conversion graphic representation afterwards by digital quantizer shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 represents to point the order explanation that prism is crossed in roll extrusion.
In the detailed description of following most preferred embodiment, the accompanying drawing that constitutes this paper part can be as reference, and utilizes specific embodiment to illustrate that the present invention can implement here.The embodiment that should be understood that other also can realize, and can also make change to structure under the situation of not running counter to the scope of the invention.
Though system of the present invention can write down the decorative pattern of any skin surface, for example pin, mouth finger surface upper process and recessed its optical image of decorative pattern (being fingerprint) are just sent out by image transmission surface 32.Other provide the equipment of finger print image and optical devices also can adopt.
People that will be obtained fingerprint will be placed on their first marginal portion of finger 36 on the bearing plane 34 of prism, then its finger is rolled into the opposite or second edge.In example according to Fig. 6 order explanation, finger 36 according to clockwise direction to the right from left hand edge L roll extrusion, by core C to right hand edge R.(image of pointing in this example shows with discrete form.This is a purpose for clarity.In fact, only continuously being incident upon on the image-recording medium from optical devices).Fig. 2 A-2C illustrates finger 36 respectively and bears surface 34 partial L that contact, C and R.Because will be crooked by the surface of the finger 36 of print, then point and bear the contact area between the surface 34, therefore just the finger print image of finger and surface contact portion will move along the finger rotation direction with respect to prism 20.When finger 36 rolls across prism 20 in clockwise manner shown in Fig. 2 A-2C, finger L, the finger print image of C and R part just from left to right moves past image transfer surface 32.As the L of finger 36, C partly contacts finger with R and bore surperficial 34 o'clock, and by the optical image OIL that image transfer surface 32 is transmitted, OIC and OIR illustrate respectively in Fig. 3 A-3C.
Image recorder 22 is installed with respect to prism 20, and 32 a kind of like this modes constitute so that its visual field surrounds whole image transfer surface.Image recorder 22 is finger print image, OIL for example, OIC and OIR, by the continuous imaging of its object lens on its image-recording medium.Formed by with the image of the semi-invariant representative of the light that finger reflected of surface contact portion, shown in Fig. 4 A-4C.(explanation once more, the image that is write down are expressed as producing with discontinuous step.When finger roll, recording picture produces from left to right but in fact.) digital quantizer 24 is connected with image recorder 22, and makes the image digitization that is produced.
Lip, hand or finger place, but it is to the finger print image particularly suitable.Therefore, most preferred embodiment concentrates on the fingerprint, but its principle, technology and details are suitable for any skin plating.
Represented on the whole among Fig. 1, can optically produce the system of fingerprints 10 of roll extrusion finger print image according to the present invention.System of fingerprints 10 is that a kind of elementary cell comprises processor 12 and the relevant random-access memory (ram) 14 and the microprocessor system of ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) 16.Image recorder 22, digital quantizer 24, video display monitor central monitoring system 26, alarm 30, printer 28 and terminal 18 are docked with processor 12.When finger roll extrusion when crossing prism 20, and bear surface 34 its finger print images of the finger part that contacts by image recorder 22 imagings and by digital quantizer 24 digitizings.A series of data of expression finger print image are imported in the processor 12, and in order to control the record of finger print image, image recorder should include lens, tripper and recording medium (not illustrating respectively).Terminal 18 should comprise a keyboard (not illustrating separately), and its person of being operated is used for getting in touch with system of fingerprints 10.The roll extrusion finger print image that is produced by system 10 may be displayed on the video display monitor central monitoring system 26, perhaps is printed on the standard fingerprint card by printer 28.When fingerprint was not correctly taken, alarm 30 just was excited, and for the operator provides indication, the indication photographing program must repeat.System similarly is disclosed in people's such as Fishbine the U.S. Patent No. 4,933,976, and this patent is suitable at this as a reference.
To come the optical devices of a class be that people are known such as finger prism 20, for example disclosed the sort of in the U.S. Patent No. 3,200,701 of the U.S. Patent No. 3,975,711 of McMahon and White.Such finger prism also is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,792, and in 226 and No.4,811,414, they all have identical application target with the present invention.These devices have utilized the optical principle of total internal reflection.When with finger locating (this surface is a plane in most preferred embodiment, but an also available curved surface, to slow down the necessity of finger roll extrusion) when finger bears on the surface 34,
In the most preferred embodiment of system 10, image recorder 22 by the CCD array device 40(of the high latent time of the 50mm camera lens 44 of a standard and a commercially available charged sub-shutter for example is: the element number of Thomson Composants Militaires et Spatiaux of France is the face array CCD sensor of TH 7866) constitute, the ccd array device here is suitable in the suitable time cycle [be typically 1-3 second] intactly imaging.In most preferred embodiment, prism 20 has the side (to present black background) of a blacking, and light source 42 is positioned so that make the finger and the contact portion of bearing plane 34 like the light source of investing image recorder well.This recording picture looks as if the photographic negative of rolling fingerprint image.Digital quantizer 24 combines with the ccd array device, when sending instruction with convenient processor 12, image stored in the ccd array device is delivered to processor 12 with regard to being converted into the digital data stream of representing the roll extrusion finger print image, and is stored in the random access reservoir (RAM).Can adopt monochromatic source 42 and optical filter 38 to reduce of the influence of spuious photon to roll extrusion fingerprint elephant.
In second embodiment of system 10, image recorder 22 is video cameras, constantly makes finger print image by its object lens, for example OIL, OIC, OIR imaging, and the pattern of the vision signal of finger print image is represented in formation.Can use the video cameras of general grid of commercially available employing and sweep velocity.In the present embodiment, digital quantizer 24 is frame grabber (frame grabber).Frame grabber provides " video key entry " method of a kind of routine to hardware.In the described here most preferred embodiment, digital quantizer 24 provides a pixel value of finishing to store among the RAM14 to select the loop of conversion in hardware.The analog value of being stored each pixel that is provided from video camera 22 and the RAM14 is corresponding one by one.Before video camera 22 began to take image, all pixel values were all given and being put on the most black common intensity level of expression among the RAM14.When extracting each pixel value from video camera 22 and making it digitizing, this digitized value is directly made comparisons with the pixel value that is stored among the RAM14 by digital quantizer.If digital value is brighter, then will be worth the analog value of replacing among the RAM14.Otherwise this value is not considered.In the occasion of using commercial available video camera and video display monitor central monitoring system, present embodiment has one makes device operator can observe the attendant advantages that real-time fingerprint rolls.
Other image-recording mediums 40, for example photographic film and other imaging systems, for example electrofax also can be adopted.As an example, if recording medium 40 is a kind of photo-sensitive light emitting phosphors, then this medium exposure has just formed the long afterglow image of the fingerprint that rolls.This long afterglow just provides additional period for corresponding finger print image scanning.By single photo-detector, or the scanning implemented of a series of photo-detector, thereby had the additional time to make corresponding image digitization with any suitable optical resolution.
In the described here most preferred embodiment, digital quantizer 24 is controlled by message handler 12, so that the image of being stored in the ccd array is read in the processor 12.Digital quantizer 24 produces the digital pixel value PVn of two dimension, the array of m, and it is being represented corresponding to cutting apart pixel region PLn, the rolling finger print image intensity of m.In one embodiment, the image array of digital quantizer 24 generations is to be made of the pixel value that the capable M=640 of taking advantage of of N=480 is listed as.As an example, have 20 * 28 pixel value PVn such as Fig. 5, the image array of m is as the explanation here.
For the finger print image of intactly representing to roll, pixel value PVn, m must have enough dynamic ranges.In one embodiment, pattern digital quantizer 24 comprises one 8 analog to digital converter, and it converts vision signal to 8 pixel value PVn that characterize rolling finger print image intensity, m.Represent 8 pixel value PVn of a decimal system zero (that is: " 00000000 ") in this embodiment, m is the pixel value PVMIN and the sign-minimum intensity or the PLn of a minimum, the pixel region that m is the most black.Representing the pixel value of a decimal system 255 (that is: " 11111111 ") is the pixel value PVMAX of a maximum, and the highest intensity of representative, or PLn, the white pixel district of m.The pixel value PVn of the decimal system 128 (that is: " 10000000 ") representative, m represents PLn, m has the mid point intensity pixel region (being grey) between minimum and the maximum intensity.
For example, pixel value PVn in the accompanying drawing of this instructions, m are expressed as white being expressed as to deceive.When finger 36 is not placed on the prism 20, characterize the formed pixel value PVn of background images, m will be in a certain scope of PVMAX or PVMIN.When finger 36 when being placed on the prism 20, the crown line of fingerprint just contacts with prism, and pixel value PVn then, m just are in other scopes between PVMAX and the PVMIN.Among the embodiment of the system 10 that is adopted as an example in this manual, such as finger 36 and prism 20 contact portions that OIL characterized, its optical image than highlights branch (being crown line), will use pixel PVn near PVMAX amount, m is represented.In this embodiment, characterize the background of part and the recess of finger 36 shows as image than dark-part, and by the pixel value PVn near the quantity of PVMIN, m is represented such as OIL.
Processor 12 can determine to bear having or not of object on the surface 34.In one embodiment, processor 12 instruction number word processor 24 are with the image digitization in the image-recording medium.Pixel value does not have great variation then to represent not have object to exist.In other embodiments, when an object contacted with bearing plane, the pressure sensitive switch on optical diode in the image recorder or the bearing plane 34 will notification handler 12.If in the certain hour after fingerprint " picked-up " starting, do not have object on the bearing plane, then processor is just put " time-out " to the information that has or not object on the bearing plane and is gone up and set up alarm 30, and just stops the fingerprint shooting process when removing when pointing.This " time-out " information also can be used to contrast the drop shutter state and resets, thereby and prevented picture record begin and begin between the actual shooting just in case when time interval of a segment length is arranged recording medium by overexposure.
When wanting to take the finger print image of a rolling, the key that the operator just handles on a pedal (not shown) or the terminal 18 makes system 10 place a kind of picked-up state.To point after entering shooting state on the finger bearing plane 34 that 36 left-hand component L place prism 20, the optical image OIL of finger just sends out and by 22 records of image recorder from prism.Then, when finger rolled from left to right, then image recorder was with regard to the continuous light that is sent by whole image transfer surface 32 of noting.After finishing finger roll, finger is removed finger bear the surface.Finger is removed, just the result fingerprint shooting process and the roll extrusion fingerprint image is stored among the RAM14.Digitized array (being shown in Fig. 5) is comprising the pixel value PVn that finger 36 roll extrusion fingerprints are taken from representative, m.Before being shown on the video display monitor central monitoring system 26 or printing to an application card by printer 28, pixel value PVn, m also may do processing according to U.S. Patent No. 4,811,414 described methods above-mentioned.
Though, describe the present invention with reference to most preferred embodiment here, can make the variation on form and the details in fact and not deviate from spirit of the present invention and category those skilled in the art.

Claims (25)

1, a kind of proof of identification image recording comprises:
Prism apparatus is in order to bear contacting of human body each several part and its formation continuously, the image that said part is thrown light on and transmit said each several part;
The said image of Jie Shouing and said image done temporal accumulation continuously is with the image recording of the location that forms intact skin decorative pattern image;
Said complete skin pattern image conversion is become the conversion equipment of electric signal; With
Be connected with said image recording, to receive the image-processing system of said electric signal.
2, according to the device of claim 1, wherein said image recording also comprises the CCD array that is positioned, to receive described image continuously.
3, according to the device of claim 2, wherein said conversion equipment comprises for after array has been made accumulated time with said image and formed an intact skin decorative pattern image, is used for reading the device of CCD array.
4, according to the device of claim 2, wherein said conversion equipment comprises when array to be done at said image and is being used for reading data on the CCD array in the accumulated time process, and a complete skin pattern figure is stored in device in the storer.
5, according to the device of claim 1, said image-processing system converts the electrical signal to pixel.
6, according to the device of claim 1, wherein said prism apparatus also includes the prism of blacking on one side, and also has the light source of a location, makes that the said part that contacts with said prism similarly is the light source of image recording.
7, according to the device of claim 1, wherein said image recording is an electrofax register system.
8, a kind of device that is used to write down the roll extrusion finger print image comprises:
Prism apparatus, it includes a prism, and this prism has one to be used to bear the surface of contact and that thrown light on of finger of continuous rolling for transmitting the transmission surface of said finger sequential image;
Image recording is used for receiving said sequential image continuously, and is used for said image is accumulated in time, to form complete image;
Be used for said complete image is converted to the conversion equipment of electric signal; And
Image-processing system couples together with said image recording and said conversion equipment, so that the aggregation of said image is controlled, and accepts said electric signal.
9, according to the device of claim 8, wherein said image recording also comprises the ccd array of a high latent time, is used for receiving continuously and storing said image.
10, according to the device of claim 8, wherein said prism apparatus comprises that also one is the monochromatic source that illuminates said finger, and at the said transmission surface of said prism and the monochromatic filter between the said image recording.
11, according to the device of claim 8, wherein said prism apparatus also comprises a prism that a blacking surface is arranged, and also has the light source of certain position so that the said part that contacts with said prism can be regarded the light source as image recording as.
12, according to the device of claim 8, wherein said image recording is an electrofax register system.
13, a kind of method that produces the data characteristics sign indicating number of roll extrusion fingerprint image comprises.
Installing one has the optical devices that finger bears a surface and a lighting source;
Finger is touched the rolling fingerprint image that the finger that is placed on these optical devices bears the finger of going up and will contacting with this surface in the surface to send out;
When finger contact finger bears the surface, write down the rolling fingerprint image continuously, and form a complete skin pattern image thus;
Complete skin pattern image transitions is become electric signal; And
Produce the digital digital character array of a complete roll extrusion fingerprint image by this digital signal.
14,, when comprising finger roll, the step that wherein produces array produces real-time array according to the method for claim 13.
15, according to the method for claim 14, the step of wherein changing complete skin pattern image also comprises determines that a numerical data threshold value has contactless to conclude finger and to bear the surface.
16, according to the method for claim 13, also comprise the steps:
Definite finger bears the existence that object is gone up on the surface; And
After image recording begins, when detecting or object when not existing, finish picture record.
17, according to the method for claim 16,, then also comprise the step that triggers alarm if in the schedule time that picture record begins, do not detect object.
18, be the method for operation one programmable processor, comprise with the finger print data condition code of generation rolling:
Equip optical devices that have finger to bear the surface;
Determine to bear the existence of object on the surface at finger;
The finger image that bearing of optical devices rolled on the surface is crossed in detection, and the rolling fingerprint image of the finger that will contact with the surface sends out from optical devices;
When passing through the finger bearing plane of optical devices, finger roll continuously the transmission image is carried out record;
After picture record begins, detect and stop picture record when object disappears; And
Produce the array of the numerical data condition code of roll extrusion finger print image.
19, according to the method for claim 18, also comprise if within the programmable time that picture record begins, do not detect object, then inspire the step of alarm.
20, according to the method for claim 18, also be included in after picture record begins, when detecting or object finish the picture record step when disappearing.
21, a kind of device that is used for writing down the finger print image of a roll extrusion comprises:
Prism apparatus, it comprises a prism, this prism has a transmission plane that sends out for the sequential image that makes said finger for thrown light on surface in contact and of the finger of the continuous rolling that bears with it contact;
Image recording, visual in order to receive continuously, and in time image accumulation is got up, to form a complete image;
Said complete image is converted to the conversion equipment of electric signal; And
Be connected with said conversion equipment to carry out the image processing apparatus of following steps with said image recording structure, above-mentioned steps is:
When prepare receiving a new image, readjust said image recording structure;
The image new for opening entry begins image recording by said image recording structure;
Finish image recording by said image recording structure; And
By said conversion equipment, at the end begin to change at said image recording.
22, a kind of device that writes down the roll extrusion fingerprint image comprises:
Prism apparatus, it comprises a prism, this prism have thrown light on be the surface in contact that bears the contact of continuous roll extrusion finger and one transmission plane in order to the consecutive image that transmits said finger;
Image recording structure is in order to receive said consecutive image continuously and said image is done temporal accumulation to form a complete image;
Said complete image is converted to the chromacoder of electric signal; And
Image processing apparatus is connected to said image recording structure and said chromacoder so that carry out following steps:
When preparing, new image readjusting said image recording structure for accepting;
Utilize said image recording structure starting image recording, to begin to record new image;
When the said image recording of beginning, change by said conversion equipment initiating signal; With
Finish image recording by said image recording structure after responding whole signals.
23, a kind of proof of identification image recording structure comprises:
Prism apparatus is in order to bear the contact of human body mass part continuously, in order to throw light on said part and in order to propagate many images of said part;
Image recording structure comprises that a ccd array is to accept said image continuously;
Chromacoder, be connected with said image recording structure, and be included in the reservoir of the said image of reception continuous in time, so that said image is accumulated in the reservoir in time forming a complete skin pattern image, and is used for the image conversion of said intact skin decorative pattern is become electric signal; And
Image processing apparatus is connected to receive said electric signal with said image recording structure.
24, according to the device of claim 23, wherein said prism apparatus also comprises the prism of one sidewall blacking, but also a light source is housed, so that the said part that contacts with said prism forms the light source of image recording structure.
25, according to the device of claim 23, wherein said prism apparatus also comprises a monochromatic source that is used to illuminate said finger, and also is equiped with monochromatic filter between the transmission surface of said prism and said image recording structure.
CN 91109773 1991-09-12 1991-09-12 The method and apparatus of capturing skin print images Pending CN1070501A (en)

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CN 91109773 CN1070501A (en) 1991-09-12 1991-09-12 The method and apparatus of capturing skin print images

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 91109773 CN1070501A (en) 1991-09-12 1991-09-12 The method and apparatus of capturing skin print images

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CN1070501A true CN1070501A (en) 1993-03-31

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