CN107049347B - Method for calibrating tube current of X-ray machine - Google Patents
Method for calibrating tube current of X-ray machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107049347B CN107049347B CN201710448344.2A CN201710448344A CN107049347B CN 107049347 B CN107049347 B CN 107049347B CN 201710448344 A CN201710448344 A CN 201710448344A CN 107049347 B CN107049347 B CN 107049347B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/58—Testing, adjusting or calibrating apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/582—Calibration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/40—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment with arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
Abstract
The calibration method of the tube current of the X-ray machine comprises the following steps: dividing an initial characteristic curve of tube current-filament current into N sections, and using straight line to make two end points of every section of curveConnecting and calculating an equation of each section of straight line: y isn＝knx + b, wherein knRepresents the slope of the N-th straight line, N is 1nIs the voltage value of the filament current; acquiring tube current values of two end points of each section of straight line and voltage values of filament currents corresponding to the tube current values, comparing the acquired data with data of an initial characteristic curve, if an error is smaller than an error threshold value, keeping an equation of the section of straight line unchanged, and if the error is larger than the error threshold value, updating the equation of the section of straight line by using the acquired data; and calibrating the initial characteristic curve by using a linear equation, selecting a corresponding linear equation according to the tube current value to be used, and calculating the voltage value of the corresponding filament current by using the linear equation. The method can calibrate the tube current of the bulb tube and realize the accurate output of the tube current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a method for calibrating tube current of an X-ray machine.
Background
The medical diagnosis X-ray machine is a medical imaging device for medical diagnosis by generating X-rays, and is mainly applied to the fields of operation intervention treatment and medical image diagnosis. X-rays are used in medical diagnostics primarily on the basis of penetration, differential absorption, sensitization and fluorescence of the X-rays. When X-ray passes through human body, it is absorbed by different extent, for example, the quantity of X-ray absorbed by skeleton is greater than that absorbed by muscle, so that the X-ray quantity passed through human body is different, so that it can carry the information of density distribution of every portion of human body, and the strength of fluorescence action or sensitization action induced on fluorescent screen or photographic film can be greatly different, so that on the fluorescent screen or photographic film (after development and fixation) the shadow with different density can be displayed. According to the contrast of shade, combine clinical manifestation, laboratory test result and pathological diagnosis, can judge whether a certain part of the human body is normal.
The X-ray machine controls the output accumulation of X-rays mainly by controlling the tube voltage (kV), tube current (mA), and duration (mS) of the X-ray bulb, thereby controlling the imaging quality of an image. Wherein, the control signal of the tube voltage is in kV level, and the signal sampling and control can be conveniently and accurately realized; the duration is controlled by an embedded control chip, the instruction period and the time precision of the chip are mostly nanosecond (uS) grade, and the precision requirement of millisecond time during exposure can be easily met. The tube current is formed when electrons generated by heating the filament move to the anode at high speed under the action of a yin-yang two-stage high-voltage electric field, the tube current cannot be directly controlled by the conventional X-ray machine, and the tube current needs to be indirectly set by controlling the magnitude of the filament current. For the control of the tube current, since the actual output value is small, and the signal loss and compensation influence in each device in the control loop are generated, it is difficult to accurately control the output accuracy of the tube current. The calibration and output control of the tube current directly affect the imaging quality of the X-ray imaging equipment and have direct influence on the clinical diagnosis of doctors, so the tube current output accuracy is one of the key technical indexes for judging whether the imaging equipment is good or not.
Because the control of the tube current of the X-ray tube is not linear control, the relation of the tube current and the filament current can be given out on the factory specifications of the X-ray machine, so that the X-ray tube is convenient for users to use. However, in actual use, the filament current of the device is different from the test result of a manufacturer, the filament is aged along with the increase of the use time, and the characteristic curves of the tube current and the filament current are changed due to different working environments and temperatures, so that the tube current actually output by the bulb tube can be accurately controlled by calibrating the tube current of the bulb tube.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN105430858A discloses a method for calibrating filament current value of an X-ray tube, which exposes a commonly used tube current value and tube voltage value with corresponding filament current values, and eliminates calibration for other tube current values, tube voltage values, and filament current values, thereby reducing the number of times of exposure of the X-ray tube, and not wasting the life of the X-ray tube, and by comparing the absolute value of the difference between the actual tube current value and the tube current value to be calibrated with a first preset difference and a second preset difference, if the absolute value is less than or equal to the first preset value, it is determined that the preset corresponding relationship meets the requirements, and the preset filament current value is taken as the standard filament current value after calibration, thereby simplifying the calibration process, shortening the calibration time, and improving the calibration efficiency. The method only calibrates common values, and although efficiency is improved, calibration is not comprehensive.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN104470175A discloses a method for calibrating a cathode filament emission characteristic curve of an X-ray generator, in the actual working process of the X-ray generator, a filament current is set based on a first cathode filament emission characteristic curve and works to generate X-rays, and an actual bulb current corresponding to the filament current is collected, and the filament current and the actual bulb current are used to dynamically calibrate the first cathode filament emission characteristic curve to update and obtain a second cathode filament emission characteristic curve. According to the method, the filament emission characteristic curve is fitted by adopting a least square method, the calibrated cathode filament emission characteristic curve is more accurate, but the method has more complex steps and large calculation amount.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibration method of tube current of an X-ray machine, which is used for controlling the tube current of a bulb tube during calibration and exposure of the bulb tube of the medical X-ray machine and solving the problem of inaccurate current parameters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solutions:
the calibration method of the tube current of the X-ray machine comprises the following steps:
dividing an initial characteristic curve of tube current-filament current into N sections, connecting two end points of each section of curve by a straight line, and calculating an equation of each section of straight line: y isn＝knx + b, wherein knRepresents the slope of the N-th straight line, N is 1nIs the voltage value of the filament current;
acquiring tube current values of two end points of each section of straight line and voltage values of filament currents corresponding to the tube current values, comparing the acquired data with data of an initial characteristic curve, if an error is smaller than an error threshold value, keeping an equation of the section of straight line unchanged, and if the error is larger than the error threshold value, updating the equation of the section of straight line by using the acquired data;
and calibrating the initial characteristic curve by using a linear equation, selecting a corresponding linear equation according to the tube current value to be used, and calculating the voltage value of the corresponding filament current by using the linear equation.
More specifically, the initial characteristic curve of the tube current to the filament current for each voltage class is divided into N segments, and the initial characteristic curve of the tube current to the filament current for each voltage class is calibrated in turn.
More specifically, the initial characteristic curve of the tube current-filament current is divided by dividing the initial characteristic curve of the tube current-filament current into N segments on average.
More specifically, the error threshold is 10%.
More specifically, the value of N is 15< N < 20.
According to the technical scheme, the tube current is calibrated by adopting a differential theory and considering a curve as a method consisting of a plurality of straight lines, so that the current output precision of the tube bulb and the key performance of an X-ray image product are improved, the exposure times are reduced, the service life of the X-ray tube is prolonged, the calibration time is shortened, and the use efficiency of equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an X-ray machine control system;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a characteristic graph of tube current-filament current of an X-ray machine.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an X-ray machine, which mainly includes an a/D acquisition module, a D/a control module, a micro control system, a touch screen module, a communication module, an exposure control module, and a storage module. The AD sampling module is an LF353 integrated operational amplifier filter circuit, and is a proportional operation power reduction circuit with the amplification factor smaller than 1, and the AD sampling module can reduce the voltage value of an input signal to a proper range (0-3.3V) after the signal is collected, so that the voltage value of the collected filament current is prevented from exceeding the input safe voltage (3.3V) of the microcontroller. The D/A control module is an LF353 integrated operational amplifier filter circuit, is a proportional operation power amplification circuit with the amplification factor larger than 1, can increase the voltage value of an output signal to a proper range, and the amplification factor of the output signal is consistent with the reduction factor of the A/D acquisition module, namely the reduction factor of the A/D acquisition module to the signal is 2.5, and the amplification factor of the D/A control module is 2.5. The micro control system converts and stores the voltage signals acquired in real time, and the current actual tube current value and the current filament current value are stored in the storage module. The touch screen module has a display function and is used for setting and displaying the tube current parameters in real time. The communication module is used for communication between the touch screen and the control system. The exposure control module is used for connecting hand and foot brake signals and informing the microprocessor of the triggering of the exposure signal.
For convenience and description, a tube current-filament current characteristic curve preset when an X-ray machine manufacturer leaves a factory is defined as an initial characteristic curve, fig. 3 is a tube current-filament current characteristic curve diagram of the X-ray machine, and the tube current-filament current characteristic curve of the X-ray machine includes a plurality of characteristic curves of different voltage levels, such as characteristic curves of 40KV, 50KV, 60KV, 70KV, 80KV, 100KV and 120 KV.
The principle of the method for calibrating the tube current of the X-ray machine is as follows: when calibrating the initial characteristic curve of each KV section of the bulb tube current-filament current, firstly, the initial characteristic curve of each KV section is divided into N sections (N is an integer larger than zero), two end points of each section of the divided curve are connected by straight lines, namely, the initial characteristic curve is regarded as being composed of N sections of straight lines, and each section of the straight lines is formed by an equation Yn＝knx + b represents, wherein knRepresents the slope of the N-th straight line, N is 1nIs the voltage value of the filament current; collecting tube current values at each segment of straight wire end-point and corresponding filament currentsA voltage value, which is obtained by comparing the tube current value and the filament current value with the tube current value and the filament current value corresponding to the initial characteristic curve, and determining whether the error between the collected data and the initial characteristic curve is within the range of an error threshold Q, wherein the error threshold Q is 10%, namely, if the error of the collected data is more than 10% compared with the data of the initial characteristic curve, the linear equation of each section of straight line is updated by using the current and voltage data collected at the end point of each section of straight line, if the error between the acquired data and the data of the initial characteristic curve is less than 10%, the linear equation of the section of straight line is not changed, the linear equation of a plurality of sections of straight lines is utilized to calibrate the initial characteristic curve, when an X-ray machine is used, and selecting a corresponding linear equation according to the tube current value to be used, and calculating the voltage value of the corresponding filament current by using the linear equation.
The method of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 2, in a specific embodiment, and the steps of calibrating the tube current of an X-ray machine using the method of the invention are as follows:
respectively segmenting initial characteristic curves of 40KV, 50KV, 60KV, 70KV, 80KV, 100KV and 120KV, respectively averagely segmenting each initial characteristic curve into a plurality of segments, and respectively calculating a linear equation Y of each segment of straight linen＝knx + b; taking the initial characteristic curve of the 40KV segment as an example, controlling the X-ray machine to enter the calibration mode, and dividing the initial characteristic curve of the 40KV segment into 19 segments, i.e., N ═ 19, by the touch screen setting, the initial characteristic curve of the 40KV segment can be seen as a 1 st straight line of 20mA to 29mA, a 2 nd straight line of 29mA to 38mA, a 3 rd straight line of 38mA to 48mA, a 4 th straight line of 48mA to 57mA, a 5 th straight line of 57mA to 67mA, a 6 th straight line of 67mA to 76mA, a 7 th straight line of 76mA to 85mA, an 8 th straight line of 85mA to 95mA, a 9 th straight line of 95mA to 104mA, a 10 th straight line of 104mA to 114mA, an 11 th straight line of 114mA to 123mA, a 12 th straight line of 123mA to 132mA, a 13 th straight line of 132mA to 142mA, a 14 th straight line of 142 to 151, a 15 th straight line of 151mA to 161mA, and a 16 th straight line of 151mA, 17 straight lines of 170mA to 179mA, 18 straight lines of 179mA to 189mA, and 189The 19 th line of mA to 200mA, i.e. the initial characteristic curve of 40KV segment consists of 19Yn＝knA straight line of x + b; similarly, the initial characteristic curves of the rest KV segments are segmented; the error threshold Q and the curve segment number N of the present invention are both empirical values, and the value of the curve segment number N is set according to the accuracy error requirement (error threshold Q) of the tube current, where Q is 10% in this embodiment, that is, the accuracy error of the tube current is not greater than ± 10%, and then the value of N is 15<N<20; when the initial characteristic curve is segmented, the initial characteristic curve is averagely segmented into N segments;
triggering a microprocessor through a foot brake receiving module to control a rotary anode plate, an inverter plate and a filament plate to normally work, enabling a generator to normally expose, and sequentially collecting tube currents at two end points of each section of straight line and voltage values of corresponding filament currents, namely collecting the voltage values of the filament currents corresponding to 20 points with tube current values of 20, 29, 38, 48, 57, 67, 76, 85, 95, 104, 114, 123, 132, 142, 151, 161, 170, 179, 189 and 200 (mA); as can be seen from fig. 3, when the tube current value is 20mA, the voltage value of the filament current is greater than 3.0V, and in order to make the generator enter a stable working state before the generator exposure reaches the first tube current point of 20mA, the voltage value of the initial filament current is set to 2V during acquisition;
comparing the acquired tube current and the voltage value of the corresponding filament current with the tube current and the voltage value of the filament current of the initial characteristic curve corresponding to the section of straight line every time the tube current of the straight line end point and the voltage value of the corresponding filament current are acquired, if the error between the acquired value and the original value is more than 10%, updating and storing a straight line equation of the section of straight line by using the acquired tube current and the voltage value of the filament current of the straight line end point, and if the error between the acquired value and the original value is less than 10%, keeping the original straight line equation, and calibrating the initial characteristic curve through the straight line equation; for example, when the tube current of the 1 st straight line of 20mA to 29mA is 20mA on the initial characteristic curve, the corresponding filament current voltage value is a, when the tube current is 29mA, the filament current voltage value is b, when the tube current acquired actually is 20mA, the corresponding filament current voltage value is a ', when the tube current is 29mA, the filament current voltage value is b', a ', b and b' are compared, if the error is less than 10%, the straight line equation of the 1 st straight line is retained, if the error is more than 10%, a 'is used for replacing a, b' is replaced, the straight line equation of the 1 st straight line is recalculated, and the straight line equation is updated;
after the acquisition and calibration of the initial characteristic curve of one KV section are completed, the foot brake is loosened, the initial characteristic curve of the tube current-filament current of the next KV section is calibrated through the touch screen, and the calibration process is the same as the above;
after the initial characteristic curves of the tube current and the filament current of all KV sections are calibrated, the calibration mode is exited; when the working mode is entered, according to the tube current value required by the equipment, for example, when 80mA tube current is required, 80mA tube current is positioned on the 7 th straight line, and the straight line equation Y of the section of straight line is extracted7＝k7And x + b, calculating the voltage value of the corresponding filament current to obtain the filament current value set by the tube current, thereby ensuring the accuracy of tube current output.
The method is based on the tube current-filament current initial characteristic curve, the initial characteristic curve is divided into a plurality of sections of straight lines, the initial characteristic curve is regarded as being composed of a plurality of sections of small straight lines, the voltage value of the tube current-filament current at the end point of each section of straight line is collected to obtain the equation of each section of straight line, the initial characteristic curve is calibrated by using the equation of the straight line, the output precision of the tube current is improved, the sampling calibration frequency cannot be greatly increased, and the efficiency is kept while the output precision is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
- The calibration method of the tube current of the X-ray machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:the initial characteristic curve of the tube current-filament current of each voltage grade is divided, the initial characteristic curve of the tube current-filament current of each voltage grade is calibrated in sequence, and when in calibration, for a certain initial characteristic curve of the tube current-filament current,averagely dividing an initial characteristic curve of tube current-filament current into N sections, connecting two end points of each section of curve by using a straight line, and calculating an equation of each section of straight line: y isn＝knx + b, wherein knRepresents the slope of the N-th straight line, N is 1nIs the voltage value of the filament current;acquiring tube current values of two end points of each section of straight line and voltage values of filament currents corresponding to the tube current values, comparing the acquired data with data of an initial characteristic curve, if an error is smaller than an error threshold value, keeping an equation of the section of straight line unchanged, and if the error is larger than the error threshold value, updating the equation of the section of straight line by using the acquired data;and calibrating the initial characteristic curve by using a linear equation, selecting a corresponding linear equation according to the tube current value to be used, and calculating the voltage value of the corresponding filament current by using the linear equation.
- 2. The method for calibrating tube current of an X-ray machine according to claim 1, wherein: the error threshold is 10%.
- 3. The method for calibrating tube current of an X-ray machine according to claim 2, wherein: the value of N is 15< N < 20.
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| CN108650768B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2020-07-07 | 苏州博思得电气有限公司 | Filament current control method and device |
| CN110192888B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2024-02-06 | 上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司 | Control method and device for tube current, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112816929A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-18 | 明峰医疗系统股份有限公司 | CT equipment bulb tube filament current calibration system and method and CT equipment |
| CN113777397A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-10 | 成诺智家张家口工程有限公司 | Dynamic detection device and detection method for power consumption of electric heating load |
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| DE2703420C2 (en) * | 1977-01-28 | 1985-11-21 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Method for setting the tube current flowing through an X-ray tube and circuit arrangement for carrying out the method |
| US5214754A (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1993-05-25 | Fujitsu Limited | Method and apparatus for approximating polygonal line to curve |
| JPH10271851A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-09 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Scanner using piezoelectric element |
| JPWO2012140910A1 (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2014-07-28 | パナソニック株式会社 | Curve drawing device, curve drawing method, curve drawing program, and integrated circuit |
| EP2878175A2 (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2015-06-03 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Method of controlling a lighting device |
| JP6035597B2 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2016-11-30 | 東芝メディカルシステムズ株式会社 | X-ray apparatus and control program |
| CN104470175B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2017-01-04 | 锐珂（上海）医疗器材有限公司 | The calibration steps of the cathode filament emssion characteristic curve of x ray generator |
| CN103743427B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-05-11 | 江苏嘉钰新能源技术有限公司 | A kind of linear gauging method |
| CN104302081B (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-06-16 | 沈阳东软医疗系统有限公司 | The control method and equipment of heater current in a kind of CT bulbs |
| CN105430858B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-06-23 | 苏州博思得电气有限公司 | The filament current value calibration method and device of a kind of X-ray tube |
| CN106645227B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2020-05-12 | 深圳市深图医学影像设备有限公司 | Method and system for calibrating filament current of X-ray tube |
| CN106851951B (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2019-04-23 | 联影（贵州）医疗科技有限公司 | X-ray tube heater current data correcting method and system |
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Effective date of registration: 20220615 Address after: 519030 No.5 Baosheng Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: ZHUHAI HOKAI MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 519030 No.5 Baosheng Road, Xiangzhou District, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: ZHUHAI HOKAI MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Zhuhai Hejia Medical Device Innovation Research Institute Co., Ltd |