CN107046927B - Hydraulic transmission system for independent header of combine harvester and application method of hydraulic transmission system - Google Patents
Hydraulic transmission system for independent header of combine harvester and application method of hydraulic transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107046927B CN107046927B CN201710377572.5A CN201710377572A CN107046927B CN 107046927 B CN107046927 B CN 107046927B CN 201710377572 A CN201710377572 A CN 201710377572A CN 107046927 B CN107046927 B CN 107046927B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 161
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/12—Details of combines
- A01D41/14—Mowing tables
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/22—Synchronisation of the movement of two or more servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
- F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic transmission system for an independent header of a combine harvester, which comprises an oil tank, wherein an oil outlet of the oil tank is connected with a hydraulic pump, an oil return port is connected with a cooler, the hydraulic pump is connected with a valve body assembly, the valve body assembly comprises a valve block, a logic valve, an overflow valve, a proportional speed regulating valve, a proportional flow valve, a pressure compensating valve and a shuttle valve which are arranged on the valve block, the valve block is provided with an oil inlet P, an oil return T, an oil outlet A1, an oil outlet A2, an oil return B1 and an oil return B2, the oil outlet A1 is connected with a cutter and an auger motor, the cutter and the auger motor are connected with the oil return B1, cutter rotating speed sensors are arranged on the cutter and the auger motor, the oil outlet A2 is connected with a reel motor, the reel motor is connected with the oil return B2, and a reel rotating speed sensor is arranged on the reel motor. The invention has the advantages that the harvest parameters of the independent header are adjusted in real time according to the field harvest environment, different harvested crops and the feedback motion parameters, so as to obtain the best harvest effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic transmission system for an independent header of a combine harvester and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydraulic control.
Background
The universal combine harvester can complete the procedures of harvesting, threshing, separating stalks, removing residues and the like of various crops at one time, and can directly obtain the threshed crops from the field. The conventional common sheet of the universal combine harvester adopts a modularized design technology, and the modularized design firstly takes a chassis of the universal combine harvester as a platform, then selects and configures corresponding independent cutting tables according to the characteristics of harvested crops, and then adjusts parameters of threshing and cleaning devices. In order to really meet the harvesting needs of various crops, chinese patent application number 201310617668.6 proposes a multifunctional combine harvester and a use method thereof, and the multifunctional combine harvester can conveniently replace various special cutting tables in order to adapt to the needs of different crops and different harvesting states, and can adjust the rotating speed of an actuating mechanism according to the difference of the harvesting modes so as to adapt to various harvesting modes. Generally, an actuating mechanism of an independent header of a general combine harvester is driven by a hydraulic motor, the independent header is not provided with an independent power source for use, the hydraulic motor is required to be connected with an engine on a chassis of the combine harvester, and the engine of the combine harvester is continuously adopted as the hydraulic power source, so that the key point of the design of the independent header is the transmission problem of the header. The traditional header adopts mechanical traditional systems such as a belt or a chain to transmit power, and the header does not have an integral hydraulic driving function, and vibration impact can be caused due to processing and assembly errors of a mechanical transmission system, so that transmission is unstable, working efficiency is low, and meanwhile, the mechanical transmission system is complex in structure, large in size and heavy in mass.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art, providing the hydraulic transmission system for the independent header of the combine harvester, and simultaneously providing the use method of the hydraulic transmission system, which not only can realize throttling and speed regulation, but also can adjust the motion parameters of the independent header actuating mechanism according to real-time feedback information, thereby obtaining the optimal harvesting parameters under different harvesting environments and different crop harvesting conditions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a hydraulic transmission system for an independent header of a combine harvester, which comprises an oil tank, wherein an oil outlet of the oil tank is connected with a hydraulic pump through a filter, an oil return port of the oil tank is connected with a cooler, the hydraulic pump is connected with a valve body assembly through an oil pipe, and the valve body assembly comprises a valve block, and a logic valve, an overflow valve, a proportional speed regulating valve, a proportional flow valve, a pressure compensation valve and a shuttle valve which are arranged on the valve block; the valve block is provided with an oil inlet P port, an oil return T port, an oil outlet A1 port, an oil outlet A2 port, an oil return B1 port and an oil return B2 port, one end of the oil inlet P port is connected with the hydraulic pump, the other end of the oil inlet P port is connected with the parallel proportional speed regulating valve and the proportional flow valve through a working pipeline I, the proportional speed regulating valve is connected with the oil outlet A1 port through a working pipeline II, the proportional flow valve is connected with the oil outlet A2 port through a working pipeline III, one end of the oil return T port is connected with the cooler, and the other end of the oil return T port is connected with the parallel oil return B1 port and the oil return B2 port through a working pipeline IV; the oil outlet A1 is connected with an oil inlet of a cutting knife and an oil return port of an auger motor through a modularized hydraulic interface I, the oil return port of the cutting knife and the auger motor is connected with an oil return B1 through a modularized hydraulic interface II, and the cutting knife and the auger motor are provided with a cutting knife rotating speed sensor; the oil outlet A2 is connected with an oil inlet of a reel motor through a modularized hydraulic interface III, an oil return port of the reel motor is connected with an oil return B2 through a modularized hydraulic interface IV, and a reel rotating speed sensor is arranged on the reel motor.
According to the valve body assembly, high-pressure hydraulic oil pumped by the hydraulic pump enters the valve body assembly through the oil inlet P port, the high-pressure hydraulic oil is split into two branches in the valve body assembly, one branch enters the proportional speed regulating valve, enters the cutting knife and the auger motor through the oil outlet A1 port and the hydraulic pipeline to realize transmission, meanwhile, the rotating speed of the cutting knife and the auger motor can be regulated by regulating the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve, and the hydraulic oil returns to the valve body assembly through the oil return B1 port after working in the cutting knife and the auger motor; the other branch flows through the pressure compensation valve to enter the proportional flow valve, enters the reel motor through the oil outlet A2 and the hydraulic pipeline, realizes transmission, and can realize the adjustment of the rotating speed of the reel motor by adjusting the flow of the proportional flow valve, hydraulic oil returns to the inside of the valve body assembly through the oil return B2 after working in the reel motor, and returns to the oil tank through the oil return T after converging in the valve body assembly. In a word, the valve body assembly can realize that the cutter, the auger motor and the reel motor are respectively regulated in speed and do not interfere with each other, so that the rotating speeds of the cutter, the auger motor and the reel motor are not changed along with the change of loads.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
further, the proportional flow valve is connected with the pressure compensation valve in series and then connected with the proportional speed regulating valve in parallel. The pressure compensation valve is arranged on a branch connected with the reel motor, when the load of the reel motor changes, the system pressure of the branch correspondingly changes, the pressure change is fed back to the pressure compensation valve through an internal oil circuit, the pressure compensation valve adjusts the pressure of the branch through adjusting the opening of a valve core of the pressure compensation valve so as to compensate, the pressure compensation valve can compensate the pressure of the branch system, and therefore the rotating speed of the reel motor is stable and is not influenced by the load.
Furthermore, the proportional speed regulating valve is connected with the cutter rotating speed regulating potentiometer, and the proportional flow valve is connected with the reel rotating speed regulating potentiometer. The flow of the proportional speed regulating valve is remotely controlled and regulated by the cutter rotating speed regulating potentiometer, the proportional speed regulating valve regulates the current of the electromagnet in the valve body through the cutter rotating speed regulating potentiometer, when the current of the electromagnet is changed, the suction force of the electromagnet is changed, and the position of a valve core in the valve body is correspondingly changed, so that the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve is changed, and finally, the rotating speeds of the cutter and the screw motor are regulated; the flow of the proportional flow valve is remotely controlled and regulated by the reel rotating speed regulating potentiometer, the proportional flow valve regulates the current of the electromagnet in the valve body through the reel rotating speed regulating potentiometer, when the current of the electromagnet is changed, the suction force of the electromagnet is changed, and the position of the valve core in the valve body is correspondingly changed, so that the flow of the proportional flow valve is changed, and finally, the rotating speed of the reel motor is regulated.
The fourth working pipeline is connected with the overflow valve through a branch pipe, a logic valve is connected between the first working pipeline and the fourth working pipeline, a shuttle valve is connected between the second working pipeline and the third working pipeline, and the shuttle valve is connected with the logic valve through the first control pipeline.
When the working pressure of the hydraulic transmission system is in a set range (set 14 MPa), the overflow valve is closed, and the hydraulic transmission system works normally; when the working pressure of the system is ultrahigh, namely the load of the motor exceeds the bearing range of the hydraulic transmission system, the overflow valve is opened, the valve core of the overflow valve is opened, and hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank from the overflow valve to carry out load relief so as to protect the hydraulic transmission system.
The logic valve and the shuttle valve are arranged to ensure that the tributary flows of the proportional speed regulating valve and the proportional flow valve are not interfered with each other when the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve or the proportional flow valve is regulated. The logic valve is a valve for performing pressure compensation on the whole system, two ends of the shuttle valve are respectively connected with an oil outlet A1 port and an oil outlet A2 port, hydraulic oil at the end with high pressure between the oil outlet A1 port and the oil outlet A2 port is fed back to the logic valve through an internal oil way by the shuttle valve, and the logic valve performs pressure compensation on the two branches by changing the opening of a valve core of the logic valve, so that the constant pressure difference between the oil inlet P port and the oil return T port is ensured. When the proportional speed regulating valve is closed by the cutter rotating speed regulating potentiometer or the proportional flow valve is closed by the reel rotating speed regulating potentiometer, the logic valve is started, and hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank after returning to the oil return port T from the oil inlet port P through the logic valve. The logic valve is also equivalent to a system switch, and when no current flows through the proportional speed regulating valve and the proportional flow valve, hydraulic oil directly flows from the oil inlet P port to the oil return T port through the logic valve and returns to the oil return tank.
Still further still have LSM mouth, MP mouth and MT mouth on the valve body, the manometer of taking the switch is connected respectively to the one end of LSM mouth, MP mouth, MT mouth, and the other end of LSM mouth is connected with the overflow valve through control pipeline two for measure the overflow pressure of overflow valve, the other end of MP mouth is connected into oil feed P mouth through control pipeline four, is used for measuring the oil feed pressure of valve body assembly, i.e. hydraulic pump outlet pressure, and the other end of MT mouth is connected into oil return T mouth through control pipeline five, is used for measuring the oil return mouth pressure of valve body assembly. The LSM port, the MP port and the MT port are connected in series through an oil circuit.
In the structure, the LSM port, the MP port and the MT port are pressure measuring interfaces which are used for connecting a pressure gauge and detecting the pressure of a system.
Furthermore, the first control pipeline is communicated with the second control pipeline to form a cross shape, and the overflow valve is connected with the shuttle valve and the logic valve in parallel.
Further, the cutter rotating speed sensor and the reel rotating speed sensor are respectively connected with a display arranged in a cab of the combine harvester through lines.
Still further, the display includes data acquisition module, data processing module, display module and power module, data acquisition module's signal acquisition part is connected with cutting knife rotational speed sensor, reel rotational speed sensor, signal output part is connected with data processing module, data processing module is connected with display module, cutting knife rotational speed sensor, reel rotational speed sensor, data acquisition module, data processing module, display module all are connected with power module, power module converts DC24V power into DC5V power, for cutting knife rotational speed sensor, reel rotational speed sensor, data acquisition module, data processing module, display module use.
The rotating speed of the cutting knife and the rotating speed of the auger motor are collected by the cutting knife rotating speed sensor, the rotating speed of the reel motor is collected by the reel rotating speed sensor, the moving parameters of the cutting table are monitored in real time, the moving parameters of the cutting table are transmitted to the display for real-time display, a driver can adjust the hydraulic transmission parameters according to the detected moving parameters of the cutting table, then the moving parameters of the cutting table executing mechanism are changed to meet the requirements of different harvesting conditions, the applicability of the combine harvester is further improved, the utilization rate of the combine harvester is improved, and the special-purpose combine harvester is promoted to upgrade to the general-purpose multifunctional combine harvester. In addition, the driver can also adjust the height of the cutting table, the advancing speed of the machine, the rotating speed of the actuating mechanism and the like in real time through the display according to the growth condition of crops, the harvesting requirements of different crops and the like, so that the optimization of power resources, the maximization of production efficiency and the minimization of crop loss rate are achieved.
The invention also provides a use method of the hydraulic transmission system for the independent header of the combine harvester, which comprises the following steps:
the first step, the hydraulic pump pumps out the hydraulic oil filtered by the filter, and the hydraulic oil enters the valve body assembly through the oil inlet P port;
the second step, the hydraulic oil is divided into two paths in the valve body assembly, one path of hydraulic oil flows into the proportional speed regulating valve, then enters the cutting knife and the screw motor through the oil outlet A1, so that the cutting knife and the screw motor work, and then the hydraulic oil returns to the valve body assembly; the other path of hydraulic oil flows into the proportional flow valve through the pressure compensation valve, then enters the reel motor through the oil outlet A2 port, so that the reel motor works, and then the hydraulic oil returns to the valve body assembly; the two paths of hydraulic oil return to the valve body assembly and then flow together, and then flow back to the oil tank through an oil return port T of the valve body assembly;
thirdly, in the working process of the cutting knife and the screw conveyer motor, a cutting knife rotating speed sensor arranged on the cutting knife and the screw conveyer motor collects the rotating speeds of the cutting knife and the screw conveyer motor and transmits collected rotating speed information of the cutting knife to a display, and the display processes and displays the rotating speed information of the cutting knife; in the working process of the reel motor, a reel rotating speed sensor arranged on the reel motor collects the rotating speed of the reel motor and transmits the collected reel rotating speed information to a display, and the display processes the reel rotating speed information and displays the reel rotating speed information;
fourthly, controlling the rotation speed of the cutter to adjust the rotation of the potentiometer, so that the current flowing through the proportional speed regulating valve is changed, the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve is further adjusted, and finally, the rotation speed of the cutter and the screw motor is adjusted; the reel rotating speed adjusting potentiometer is controlled to rotate, so that the current flowing through the proportional flow valve is changed, the flow of the proportional flow valve is adjusted, and finally the reel motor rotating speed is adjusted.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1. the hydraulic transmission system of the invention is not compressible under normal pressure because the compression amount of the oil is very small, and the transmission is carried out by means of the continuous flow of the oil, and because the oil has the shock absorbing capability, the hydraulic transmission is not like a mechanical mechanism which can cause vibration impact due to processing and assembly errors, so that the hydraulic transmission is very stable;
2. according to the hydraulic transmission system, various hydraulic valves are inserted into the valve body assembly, so that a plurality of hydraulic pipelines are saved, the installation is convenient, the mechanical structure is greatly simplified, the number of mechanical parts is reduced, the volume and the weight are reduced, and compared with a mechanical and electric transmission mode, the volume and the mass of the hydraulic transmission system can be obviously reduced under the same output power, so that the inertia of the hydraulic transmission system is small, and the action is sensitive;
3. the hydraulic transmission system has high bearing capacity and is easy to obtain large force and torque;
4. the hydraulic transmission system adopts a plurality of safety protection measures such as an overflow valve, is easy to realize overload protection, automatically prevents overload and avoids accidents;
5. the hydraulic transmission system adopts hydraulic oil as a working medium, can automatically lubricate hydraulic components and prolongs the service life of the components;
6. the automatic control of complex procedures is realized by adopting information acquisition systems such as a sensor, a display and the like, and a driver regulating the pressure, flow and direction of liquid in the system according to real-time monitoring information;
7. the modularized hydraulic interface is adopted, so that the valve body in the header can be quickly connected and disconnected with various motors, and manpower, material resources and financial resources are effectively saved;
8. the components in the hydraulic transmission system are convenient for realizing serialization, standardization, universalization and the like, are suitable for large-scale batch production, improve the production efficiency and the product quality, and reduce the cost.
In a word, the hydraulic transmission system of the invention not only has stepless speed regulation characteristic, but also can realize independent transmission and control of each actuating mechanism of the independent header, so that the optimal harvesting parameters of the header for harvesting different crops can be achieved when the universal combine harvester works, further, the universal combine harvester can finish harvesting operation with the highest efficiency and the lowest loss, and simultaneously, a driver can adjust the harvesting parameters of the independent header in real time according to the field harvesting environment, different harvested crops and motion parameter information fed back by a display, so as to obtain the optimal harvesting effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the valve body assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a right side view of fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a left side view of fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a rear view of fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a valve body assembly.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The hydraulic transmission system for the independent cutting table of the combine harvester has the structure shown in fig. 1, and comprises an oil tank 15, wherein an oil outlet of the oil tank 15 is connected with a hydraulic pump 2 through a filter 1, an oil return port of the oil tank 15 is connected with a cooler 14, and the hydraulic pump 2 is connected with a valve body assembly 5 through an oil pipe. The valve body assembly 5 is constructed as shown in fig. 2 to 7, and includes a valve block 51, and a logic valve 52 (LRDC-XGN), an overflow valve 53 (RBAA-LAN), a proportional speed regulating valve 54 (FPCC-XBN-224), a proportional flow valve 55 (FPFK-XDN-224), a pressure compensating valve 56 (LPDC-XHN), and a shuttle valve 57 (CSAX-XXN) which are mounted on the valve block 51 in a cartridge type. The valve block 51 is provided with an oil inlet P port 58, an oil return T port 59, an oil outlet A1 port 510, an oil outlet A2 port 511, an oil return B1 port 512 and an oil return B2 port 513, one end of the oil inlet P port 58 is connected with the hydraulic pump 2, the other end is connected with the parallel proportional speed regulating valve 54 and the proportional flow valve 55 through a working pipeline, the proportional speed regulating valve 54 is connected with the oil outlet A1 port 510 through a working pipeline II, the proportional flow valve 55 is connected with the oil outlet A2 port 511 through a working pipeline III, one end of the oil return T port 59 is connected with the cooler 14, and the other end is connected with the parallel oil return B1 port 512 and the oil return B2 port 513 through a working pipeline IV. The oil outlet A1 port 510 is connected with an oil inlet of the cutting knife and the screw motor 7 through a modularized hydraulic interface I, an oil return port of the cutting knife and the screw motor 7 is connected with an oil return B1 port 512 through a modularized hydraulic interface II, and a cutting knife rotating speed sensor 9 is arranged on the cutting knife and the screw motor 7; the oil outlet A2 port 511 is connected with an oil inlet of the reel motor 8 through a modularized hydraulic interface III, an oil return port of the reel motor 8 is connected with an oil return B2 port 513 through a modularized hydraulic interface IV, and a reel rotating speed sensor 10 is arranged on the reel motor 8. The first, second, third and fourth modularized hydraulic interfaces form a modularized hydraulic interface assembly 6. The cutter rotating speed sensor 9 and the reel rotating speed sensor 10 are respectively connected with a display 11 arranged in a cab of the combine harvester through lines, the display 11 comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a display module and a power module, a signal acquisition end of the data acquisition module is connected with the cutter rotating speed sensor 9 and the reel rotating speed sensor 10, a signal output end of the data acquisition module is connected with the data processing module, the data processing module is connected with the display module, the cutter rotating speed sensor 9, the reel rotating speed sensor 10, the data acquisition module, the data processing module and the display module are all connected with the power module, and a DC24V power supply is converted into a DC5V power supply by the power module for the cutter rotating speed sensor 9, the reel rotating speed sensor 10, the data acquisition module, the data processing module and the display module.
As shown in fig. 8, the proportional flow valve 55 and the pressure compensating valve 56 in the valve body assembly 5 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the proportional speed regulating valve 54, the fourth working pipeline is connected with the overflow valve 53 through a branch pipe, the logic valve 52 is connected between the first working pipeline and the fourth working pipeline, the shuttle valve 57 is connected between the second working pipeline and the third working pipeline, both ends of the shuttle valve 57 are respectively connected with the oil outlet A1 port 510 and the oil outlet A2 port 511, and the shuttle valve 57 is connected with the logic valve 52 through the first control pipeline. The proportional speed regulating valve 54 is connected with the cutter rotating speed regulating potentiometer 12, the cutter rotating speed regulating potentiometer 12 remotely controls and regulates the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve 54, the proportional flow valve 55 is connected with the reel rotating speed regulating potentiometer 13, and the reel rotating speed regulating potentiometer 13 remotely controls and regulates the flow of the proportional flow valve 55. In addition, the valve body 51 is further provided with an LSM port 514, an MP port 515 and an MT port 516, the LSM port 514, the MP port 515 and the MT port 516 are connected in series through oil paths, one ends of the LSM port 514, the MP port 515 and the MT port 516 are respectively connected with a pressure gauge 4 with a switch 3, the other end of the LSM port 514 is connected with the overflow valve 53 through a second control pipeline for measuring the overflow pressure of the overflow valve 53, the other end of the MP port 515 is connected with an oil inlet P port 58 through a fourth control pipeline for measuring the oil inlet pressure of the valve body assembly 5, namely, the outlet pressure of the hydraulic pump 2, the other end of the MT port 516 is connected with an oil return T port 59 through a fifth control pipeline for measuring the oil return port pressure of the valve body assembly 2, and the first control pipeline is communicated with the second control pipeline to form a cross shape, so that the overflow valve 53 is connected with the shuttle valve 57 and the logic valve 52 in parallel.
In the actual use process, the cutter rotating speed sensor 9 and the reel rotating speed sensor 10 are all Hall effect sensors, 30 square wave digital pulses can be generated by the motor rotating for one circle when external power is supplied, and the torque and the load capacity of the motor cannot be influenced when the motor is arranged on the motor. The data acquisition module is mainly used for acquiring pulse signal characteristics of the sensor and transmitting the pulse signal to the data processing module, and the circuit of the data acquisition module adopts optical isolation to protect circuits of other modules and prevent short circuits of other modules (such as short circuits of the sensor). The data processing module adopts an STC15F2K60S2 singlechip, the singlechip is provided with 3 PCAs (pulse capturing and comparing modules), when the data acquisition module transmits pulse signals of the sensor to the singlechip, the singlechip calculates the period of the pulse through the PCAs, obtains the rotation speed value of each motor through a certain filtering algorithm, and finally outputs the rotation speed value to the display module for display through the parallel I/O port. The display module adopts 12864 liquid crystal screen to display data. The hydraulic pump 2 is arranged on the engine, and is directly powered by the engine, and the hydraulic pump 2 is matched with a hydraulic system to transmit power.
The application method of the hydraulic transmission system for the independent header of the combine harvester comprises the following steps:
in the first step, the hydraulic pump 2 pumps out the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 15 after filtering by the filter 1, and the hydraulic oil enters the valve body assembly 5 through the oil inlet P port 58.
The second step, the hydraulic oil is divided into two paths in the valve body assembly 5, one path of hydraulic oil flows into the proportional speed regulating valve 54, then enters the cutting knife and the screw motor 7 through the oil outlet A1 port 510 of the valve body assembly 5 to enable the cutting knife and the screw motor 7 to work, transmission is realized, and then returns to the interior of the valve body assembly 5 through the oil return port of the cutting knife and the screw motor 7 and the oil return port B1 port 512 of the valve body assembly 5; the other path of hydraulic oil flows into the proportional flow valve 55 through the pressure compensation valve 56, then enters the reel motor 8 through the oil outlet A2 port 511 of the valve body assembly 5 to enable the reel motor 8 to work, transmission is realized, and then hydraulic oil returns into the valve body assembly 5 through the oil return port of the reel motor 8 and the oil return B2 port 513 of the valve body assembly 5; the two hydraulic oil paths return to the valve body assembly 5 and then merge in the fourth working pipeline in the valve body assembly, and flow back to the oil tank 15 through the oil return T port 59 of the valve body assembly 5.
Thirdly, in the working process of the cutting knife and auger motor 7, a cutting knife rotating speed sensor 9 arranged on the cutting knife and auger motor 7 collects the rotating speed of the cutting knife and auger motor 7 and transmits collected cutting knife rotating speed information to a display 11, and the display 11 processes and displays the cutting knife rotating speed information; in the working process of the reel motor 8, a reel rotating speed sensor 10 arranged on the reel motor 8 collects the rotating speed of the reel motor 8 and transmits the collected reel rotating speed information to a display 11, and the display 11 processes and displays the reel rotating speed information.
Fourthly, according to the rotating speed of the cutting knife displayed by the display 11, the rotating speed of the cutting knife is controlled to adjust the rotation of the potentiometer 12, so that the current flowing through the proportional speed regulating valve 54 is changed, the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve 54 is further adjusted, and finally, the flow of hydraulic oil passing through the cutting knife and the screw motor 7 is directly controlled by adjusting the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve 54, and the rotating speeds of the cutting knife and the screw motor 7 are adjusted, so that speed regulation is realized; according to the reel rotation speed displayed by the display 11, the reel rotation speed adjusting potentiometer 13 is controlled to rotate, so that the current flowing through the proportional flow valve 55 is changed, the flow of the proportional flow valve 55 is adjusted, finally, the flow of hydraulic oil passing through the reel motor 8 is directly controlled by adjusting the flow of the proportional flow valve 55, the rotation speed of the reel motor 8 is adjusted, and speed adjustment is realized.
When the flow rate of the electromagnetic valve is regulated, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic valve is changed, the valve core position of the proportional speed regulating valve 54 is changed by the change of the electromagnetic force, and the flow rate of the proportional speed regulating valve 54 is correspondingly changed by the change of the valve core position.
In the second step, when the load of the reel motor 8 exceeds the set normal load range, the valve core opening of the pressure compensation valve 56 is adjusted to change the flow of the hydraulic oil branch connected with the reel motor 8, so as to adjust the pressure of the branch, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the reel motor 8; the pressure gauge 4 detects the working pressure of the hydraulic transmission system through the LSM port, when the working pressure of the hydraulic transmission system exceeds 14MPa, the overflow valve 53 is opened, so that the hydraulic oil entering from the oil inlet P port 58 directly enters the oil return T port 59 through the overflow valve 53, and flows into the oil return tank 15. When the pressure of the oil outlet A1 port 510 is higher than that of the oil outlet A2 port 511, hydraulic oil in a branch where the oil outlet A1 port 510 with high pressure is located enters the logic valve 52 through the shuttle valve 57 and the first control pipeline, and returns to the oil tank 15 through the logic valve 52 and the oil return T port 59; when the pressure of the oil outlet A1 port 510 is lower than that of the oil outlet A2 port 511, the hydraulic oil in the branch where the oil outlet A2 port 511 with high pressure is located enters the logic valve 52 through the shuttle valve 57 and the first control pipeline, and returns to the oil tank 15 through the logic valve 52 and the oil return T port 59. Simultaneously, the valve core opening of the logic valve 52 is adjusted, so that the pressure of the two branches can be compensated, and the pressure difference between the oil inlet P port 58 and the oil return T port 59 is ensured to be constant. In addition, when the cutter rotation speed adjusting potentiometer 12 controls to close the proportional speed adjusting valve 54 or the reel rotation speed adjusting potentiometer 13 controls to close the proportional flow valve 55, the logic valve 52 is started, so that hydraulic oil enters from the oil inlet P port 58 and returns to the oil return T port 59 through the logic valve 52, and flows into the oil return tank 15. The proportional speed regulating valve 54 controls the rotation speed of the cutter and the auger motor 7, the proportional flow valve 55 controls the rotation speed of the reel motor 8, the driving power of the cutter and the auger motor 7 and the reel motor 8 is not affected by load, and the rotation speed of the cutter and the auger motor 7 and the reel motor 8 is stable. In summary, the driver adjusts the parameters of the proportional speed valve 54 and the proportional flow valve 55 according to the actual situation, coordinates the parameters of each mechanism of the independent header, and completes the harvesting operation under the optimal combination. The logic valve 52 and the shuttle valve 57 are provided to ensure that the flow rates of the hydraulic oil branches where the proportional speed valve 54 and the proportional flow valve 55 are located do not interfere with each other when the proportional speed valve 54 and the proportional flow valve flow rate 55 are adjusted.
In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a combine independent hydraulic transmission system for header, includes the oil tank, the oil-out of oil tank is connected with the hydraulic pump through the filter, the oil return opening and the cooler of oil tank are connected, its characterized in that: the hydraulic pump is connected with the valve body assembly through an oil pipe, and the valve body assembly comprises a valve block, a logic valve, an overflow valve, a proportional speed regulating valve, a proportional flow valve, a pressure compensation valve and a shuttle valve which are arranged on the valve block; the valve block is provided with an oil inlet P port, an oil return T port, an oil outlet A1 port, an oil outlet A2 port, an oil return B1 port and an oil return B2 port, one end of the oil inlet P port is connected with a hydraulic pump, the other end of the oil inlet P port is connected with a parallel proportional speed regulating valve and a proportional flow valve through a working pipeline, the proportional speed regulating valve is connected with the oil outlet A1 port through a working pipeline II, the proportional flow valve is connected with the oil outlet A2 port through a working pipeline III, one end of the oil return T port is connected with a cooler, and the other end of the oil return T port is connected with the parallel oil return B1 port and the oil return B2 port through a working pipeline IV; the oil outlet A1 is connected with an oil inlet of a cutting knife and an oil inlet of an auger motor through a modularized hydraulic interface I, an oil return opening of the cutting knife and the auger motor is connected with an oil return B1 through a modularized hydraulic interface II, and a cutting knife rotating speed sensor is arranged on the cutting knife and the auger motor; the oil outlet A2 is connected with an oil inlet of a reel motor through a modularized hydraulic interface III, an oil return port of the reel motor is connected with an oil return B2 through a modularized hydraulic interface IV, and a reel rotating speed sensor is arranged on the reel motor; the proportional flow valve is connected with the pressure compensation valve in series and then connected with the proportional speed regulating valve in parallel; the proportional speed regulating valve is connected with the cutter rotating speed regulating potentiometer, and the proportional flow valve is connected with the reel rotating speed regulating potentiometer; the second working pipeline is connected with the third working pipeline through a branch pipe, a logic valve is connected between the first working pipeline and the fourth working pipeline, a shuttle valve is connected between the second working pipeline and the third working pipeline, and the shuttle valve is connected with the logic valve through a first control pipeline; the cutter rotating speed sensor and the reel rotating speed sensor are respectively connected with a display arranged in a cab of the combine harvester through lines; the display comprises a data acquisition module, a data processing module, a display module and a power module, wherein a signal acquisition end of the data acquisition module is connected with a cutter rotating speed sensor and a reel rotating speed sensor, a signal output end of the data acquisition module is connected with the data processing module, the data processing module is connected with the display module, and the cutter rotating speed sensor, the reel rotating speed sensor, the data acquisition module, the data processing module and the display module are all connected with the power module; the valve body is also provided with an LSM port, an MP port and an MT port, one ends of the LSM port, the MP port and the MT port are respectively connected with a pressure gauge with a switch, the other end of the LSM port is connected with an overflow valve through a control pipeline II, the other end of the MP port is connected with an oil inlet P port through a control pipeline IV, and the other end of the MT port is connected with an oil return T port through a control pipeline V; the LSM port, the MP port and the MT port are connected in series through an oil circuit; the first control pipeline is communicated with the second control pipeline to form a cross shape, and the overflow valve is connected with the shuttle valve and the logic valve in parallel.
2. The method of using a hydraulic transmission system for an independent header of a combine harvester according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the first step, the hydraulic pump pumps out the hydraulic oil filtered by the filter, and the hydraulic oil enters the valve body assembly through the oil inlet P port;
the second step, the hydraulic oil is divided into two paths in the valve body assembly, one path of hydraulic oil flows into the proportional speed regulating valve, then enters the cutting knife and the screw motor through the oil outlet A1, so that the cutting knife and the screw motor work, and then the hydraulic oil returns to the valve body assembly; the other path of hydraulic oil flows into the proportional flow valve through the pressure compensation valve, then enters the reel motor through the oil outlet A2 port, so that the reel motor works, and then the hydraulic oil returns to the valve body assembly; the two paths of hydraulic oil return to the valve body assembly and then flow together, and then flow back to the oil tank through an oil return port T of the valve body assembly;
thirdly, in the working process of the cutting knife and the screw conveyer motor, a cutting knife rotating speed sensor arranged on the cutting knife and the screw conveyer motor collects the rotating speeds of the cutting knife and the screw conveyer motor and transmits collected rotating speed information of the cutting knife to a display, and the display processes and displays the rotating speed information of the cutting knife; in the working process of the reel motor, a reel rotating speed sensor arranged on the reel motor collects the rotating speed of the reel motor and transmits the collected reel rotating speed information to a display, and the display processes the reel rotating speed information and displays the reel rotating speed information;
fourthly, controlling the rotation speed of the cutter to adjust the rotation of the potentiometer, so that the current flowing through the proportional speed regulating valve is changed, the flow of the proportional speed regulating valve is further adjusted, and finally, the rotation speed of the cutter and the screw motor is adjusted; the reel rotating speed adjusting potentiometer is controlled to rotate, so that the current flowing through the proportional flow valve is changed, the flow of the proportional flow valve is adjusted, and finally the reel motor rotating speed is adjusted.
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| CN112524105A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 湖南省农友农业装备股份有限公司 | Harvester header synchronous transmission system |
| CN113775611B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-09-08 | 山西平阳重工机械有限责任公司 | Hydraulic system for electric-hydraulic proportion of double-row whole-rod sugarcane harvester |
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