CN107046861A - 一种提高西葫芦种子发芽率的方法 - Google Patents

一种提高西葫芦种子发芽率的方法 Download PDF

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CN107046861A
CN107046861A CN201710424477.6A CN201710424477A CN107046861A CN 107046861 A CN107046861 A CN 107046861A CN 201710424477 A CN201710424477 A CN 201710424477A CN 107046861 A CN107046861 A CN 107046861A
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seed
cucurbita pepo
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许多武
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Minqin Kexin Seed Industry Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof, directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. acetophenone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
    • A01N47/14—Di-thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/10—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed

Abstract

本发明提供了一种西葫芦种子催芽方法，包括选种、冰箱变温、冷等离子体处理、浸种剂浸种的催芽过程，再与细沙混匀后播种。本发明提高了西葫芦种子的发芽率，绿色环保，无残留、无污染，经本催芽方法种植出的西葫芦叶面厚绿,叶柄粗壮翠绿、开花、结果早,果形美观，提高了西葫芦的商品价值。

Description

一种提高西葫芦种子发芽率的方法
技术领域
本发明属于蔬菜栽培技术领域，具体地涉及一种提高西葫芦种子发芽率的方法。
背景技术
很多蔬菜种子需要催芽，一般的需催芽的种子可以分为两类：一类是果菜类蔬菜种子发芽慢，需要催种，如番茄、辣椒、茄子、黄瓜；另外一类是夏季温度高，导致蔬菜种子发芽率低，所以也需要催种，如莴笋、菠菜、西葫芦、大蒜。不同的蔬菜，各自的催芽方式不同，有吊井法、冷藏法、拌沙法等等。不同的催芽方式，对应不同的蔬菜种子。一般的催芽前，要先经过选种、消毒、浸种，最后才是催芽。常规的催芽方法都可以提高种子发芽率，缩短催芽时间，减轻田间发病率，幼苗苗齐、苗壮。
西葫芦原产北美洲南部，中国于19世纪中叶开始从欧洲引入栽培，世界各地均有分布。西葫芦含有较多维生素C、葡萄糖等营养物质，具有除烦止渴、润肺止咳、清热利尿、消肿散结的功效。果实作蔬菜。生长期最适宜温度为20-25℃，15℃以下生长缓慢，8℃以下停止生长。30℃以上生长缓慢并极易发生疾病。种子发芽适宜温度为25-30℃，13℃可以发芽，但很缓慢；30-35℃发芽最快，但易引起徒长。现有西葫芦催芽方法效率低，且都没有能提高其的营养成分，进一步提高其品质。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种西葫芦种子催芽方法，不仅能提高种子发芽率，还具有绿色环保，无残留、无污染的特点。
一种西葫芦种子催芽方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)挑选籽粒饱满的种子，在播种前将种子晒1-2天，晒后将种子用纱布包好，用水浸湿，沥去水分，放入冰箱中在4-10℃冷藏6-8h，放入40-45℃温水中浸泡4-5h，捞出，用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中，在30-35℃下，恒温催芽12-18h，取出；
(2)将西葫芦种子进行冷等离子体处理，所述冷等离子体处理是以氦气为工作介质，在真空封闭环境中，50-150W的处理功率下对西葫芦种子进行15-20s的非电离幅射处理；
(3)放到容器中，然后加入浸种剂，浸种20-30min，捞出；所述浸种剂包括以下重量百分比的原料配成：大枣渣多糖40-50ppm、玉米素10-15ppm，苦参碱8-10ppm、丙森锌50-60ppm、食醋1-3％、香蕉皮多糖0.5-1％、蛇床子提取物0.5-1％、五味子提取液0.5-1％、丹皮酚0.5-1％和余量水；
(4)浸种处理后的种子与细沙按1:3的重量比拌匀，直接播种到苗床中。
有益技术效果：本发明的催芽方法绿色环保，无残留、无污染，主要采用植物源活性物质浸种，提高了西葫芦种子的发芽率；种植出的西葫芦叶面厚绿,叶柄粗壮翠绿、开花、结果早,果形美观，提高了西葫芦的商品价值；发芽率可提高6-12％，发芽成苗率达到95％以上，发芽期可提前1-2天。
具体实施方式
结合实施例进一步对本发明作阐述，不构成对本发明的限制。
实施例1
挑选籽粒饱满的种子，在播种前将种子晒1天，晒后将种子用纱布包好，用水浸湿，沥去水分，放入冰箱中在4℃冷藏6h，放入40℃温水中浸泡4h，捞出，用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中，在30℃下，恒温催芽12h，取出；将西葫芦种子进行冷等离子体处理，所述冷等离子体处理是以氦气为工作介质，在真空封闭环境中，50W的处理功率下对西葫芦种子进行15s的非电离幅射处理；放到容器中，然后加入浸种剂，浸种20min，捞出；所述浸种剂包括以下重量百分比的原料配成：大枣渣多糖40ppm、玉米素10ppm，苦参碱8ppm、丙森锌50ppm、食醋1-3％、香蕉皮多糖0.5％、蛇床子提取物0.5％、五味子提取液0.5％、丹皮酚0.5％和余量水；浸种处理后的种子与细沙按1:3的重量比拌匀，直接播种到苗床中。
实施例2
挑选籽粒饱满的种子，在播种前将种子晒2天，晒后将种子用纱布包好，用水浸湿，沥去水分，放入冰箱中在10℃冷藏8h，放入45℃温水中浸泡5h，捞出，用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中，在35℃下，恒温催芽18h，取出；将西葫芦种子进行冷等离子体处理，所述冷等离子体处理是以氦气为工作介质，在真空封闭环境中，150W的处理功率下对西葫芦种子进行20s的非电离幅射处理；放到容器中，然后加入浸种剂，浸种30min，捞出；所述浸种剂包括以下重量百分比的原料配成：大枣渣多糖50ppm、玉米素15ppm，苦参碱10ppm、丙森锌60ppm、食醋3％、香蕉皮多糖1％、蛇床子提取物1％、五味子提取液1％、丹皮酚1％和余量水；浸种处理后的种子与细沙按1:3的重量比拌匀，直接播种到苗床中。
实施例3
挑选籽粒饱满的种子，在播种前将种子晒2天，晒后将种子用纱布包好，用水浸湿，沥去水分，放入冰箱中在8℃冷藏7h，放入42.5℃温水中浸泡4.5小时，捞出，用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中，在32.5℃下，恒温催芽15h，取出；将西葫芦种子进行冷等离子体处理，所述冷等离子体处理是以氦气为工作介质，在真空封闭环境中，100W的处理功率下对西葫芦种子进行20s的非电离幅射处理；放到容器中，然后加入浸种剂，浸种25min，捞出；所述浸种剂包括以下重量百分比的原料配成：大枣渣多糖45ppm、玉米素12.5ppm，苦参碱9ppm、丙森锌55ppm、食醋2％、香蕉皮多糖0.75％、蛇床子提取物0.75％、五味子提取液0.75％、丹皮酚0.75％和余量水；浸种处理后的种子与细沙按1:3的重量比拌匀，直接播种到苗床中。

Claims (1)

1.一种西葫芦种子催芽方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)挑选籽粒饱满的种子，在播种前将种子晒1-2天，晒后将种子用纱布包好，用水浸湿，沥去水分，放入冰箱中在4-10℃冷藏6-8h，放入40-45℃温水中浸泡4-5h，捞出，用纱布包着放入种子催芽箱中，在30-35℃下，恒温催芽12-18h，取出；
(2)将西葫芦种子进行冷等离子体处理，所述冷等离子体处理是以氦气为工作介质，在真空封闭环境中，50-150W的处理功率下对西葫芦种子进行15-20s的非电离幅射处理；
(3)放到容器中，然后加入浸种剂，浸种20-30min，捞出；所述浸种剂包括以下重量百分比的原料配成：大枣渣多糖40-50ppm、玉米素10-15ppm，苦参碱8-10ppm、丙森锌50-60ppm、食醋1-3％、香蕉皮多糖0.5-1％、蛇床子提取物0.5-1％、五味子提取液0.5-1％、丹皮酚0.5-1％和余量水；
(4)浸种处理后的种子与细沙按1:3的重量比拌匀，直接播种到苗床中。
CN201710424477.6A 2017-06-07 2017-06-07 一种提高西葫芦种子发芽率的方法 Pending CN107046861A (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109122153A (zh) * 2018-08-23 2019-01-04 五河县顺鹏农副产品有限公司 一种提高冬瓜矿物质含量的种植方法
CN110800420A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-02-18 山东农业大学 一种利用冷等离子体抑制蔬菜育苗中子叶衰老的方法

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CN104054477A (zh) * 2014-05-15 2014-09-24 和县华禾种业有限公司 一种西葫芦种子催芽方法
CN104221630A (zh) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-24 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 西葫芦催芽及高效栽培方法
CN104855281A (zh) * 2015-05-27 2015-08-26 山东农业工程学院 一种冷等离子体处理的西葫芦育种方法
CN105993457A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-10-12 安徽省天瑞园生态农业科技有限公司 一种西葫芦的育苗方法

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CN104221630A (zh) * 2013-06-14 2014-12-24 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 西葫芦催芽及高效栽培方法
CN104054477A (zh) * 2014-05-15 2014-09-24 和县华禾种业有限公司 一种西葫芦种子催芽方法
CN104855281A (zh) * 2015-05-27 2015-08-26 山东农业工程学院 一种冷等离子体处理的西葫芦育种方法
CN105993457A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-10-12 安徽省天瑞园生态农业科技有限公司 一种西葫芦的育苗方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109122153A (zh) * 2018-08-23 2019-01-04 五河县顺鹏农副产品有限公司 一种提高冬瓜矿物质含量的种植方法
CN110800420A (zh) * 2019-12-12 2020-02-18 山东农业大学 一种利用冷等离子体抑制蔬菜育苗中子叶衰老的方法

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Application publication date: 20170818