CN107046700A - It is a kind of to predict the method and apparatus that mobile terminal switches base station - Google Patents
It is a kind of to predict the method and apparatus that mobile terminal switches base station Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107046700A CN107046700A CN201610082011.8A CN201610082011A CN107046700A CN 107046700 A CN107046700 A CN 107046700A CN 201610082011 A CN201610082011 A CN 201610082011A CN 107046700 A CN107046700 A CN 107046700A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- base station
- mobile terminal
- region
- similarity
- line direction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
- H04W36/322—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by location data
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/06—Testing, supervising or monitoring using simulated traffic
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and apparatus for predicting mobile terminal switching base station, including：The position location of mobile terminal is obtained by acquisition module and the mobile trajectory data of formation is recorded, mobile trajectory data according to being recorded obtains the moving direction of the mobile terminal, computing module calculates the moving direction and the similarity in the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region of the mobile terminal respectively, prediction module is when obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold, the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-switch base station, so as to prepare resource in advance for user, avoid the conversion time delay of serving BS, and then ensure the service quality of user's efficient stable.
Description
Technical field
It is espespecially a kind of to predict the method that mobile terminal switches base station the present invention relates to wireless communication technology field
And device.
Background technology
At present, increase with the popularization and following wireless data service burst of various intelligent terminals,
Some hot spot regions, such as：The places such as cinema, market, exhibition center, often occur extremely large amount of industry
Business demand, introduces small station (Small Cell) deployment wherein to improve the whole network appearance in these movement hot spot regions
Amount, that is, present super-intensive network (Ultra-Dense Networks, referred to as：UDN).
In the prior art, in the user class cell of super-intensive network, number of users is substantially equal to website number,
The website can be small station or focus (Hotspot), due to Small cell/Hotspot websites be distributed with
It is main in machine, existing most of user mobility prediction scheme to consider based on user's movement history, be based on
Markov chain, based on Mobility Prediction Method in Mobile Ad such as user direction/signal intensities, according to the historical movement of user
The website of the information prediction such as parameter, transition probability matrix, received signal strength user future access.
But, it is typically what is carried out under conditions of website is static using prior art, and in face of super
The website of mobility in dense network scene, can cause computation complexity high, be unfavorable for Project Realization,
Therefore, the prediction that mobile terminal action trail is used user under super-intensive network scenarios how is realized, is
User prepares resource in advance, it is to avoid services sites changes time delay, ensures the service quality of user's efficient stable,
It is a urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the side that mobile terminal switches base station is predicted the invention provides a kind of
Method and device, can predict the motion track of mobile terminal, determine the base station that can be switched in region,
So as to prepare resource in advance for user, it is to avoid the conversion time delay of serving BS, and then ensure that user is high
Imitate stable service quality.
(after after claim determination, being supplemented).
A kind of method and apparatus for predicting mobile terminal switching base station provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：
Acquisition module, computing module and prediction determining module, the sprocket bit of mobile terminal is obtained by acquisition module
The mobile trajectory data of formation is put and recorded, obtains described mobile whole according to the mobile trajectory data recorded
The moving direction at end, computing module calculates the moving direction and the mobile terminal of the mobile terminal respectively
With the similarity in the line direction of each base station in region, prediction module is meeting pre- when obtained similarity
When determining threshold value, the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-cut
Base station is changed, so as to prepare resource in advance for user, it is to avoid the conversion time delay of serving BS, Jin Erbao
Hinder the service quality of user's efficient stable.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly from froming the perspective of
Become apparent, or understood by implementing the present invention in bright book.The purpose of the present invention is excellent with other
Point can be realized and obtained by specifically noted structure in specification, claims and accompanying drawing
.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is used for providing further understanding technical solution of the present invention, and constitutes one of specification
Point, it is used to explain technical scheme together with embodiments herein, does not constitute to the present invention
The limitation of technical scheme.
A kind of flow of the embodiment of the method one for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention
Schematic diagram；
A kind of movement of the embodiment of the method one for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention
Direction schematic diagram；
A kind of angle of the embodiment of the method one for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 3 provides for the present invention
Schematic diagram；
A kind of distance of the embodiment of the method one for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention
Schematic diagram；
A kind of application of the embodiment of the method two for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention
Schematic diagram of a scenario；
A kind of emulation of the embodiment of the method two for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 6 provides for the present invention
Schematic diagram；
A kind of structure of the device embodiment one for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 7 provides for the present invention
Schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, this Shen
Please in embodiment and the feature in embodiment can mutually be combined.
The step of the flow of accompanying drawing is illustrated can such as one group computer executable instructions computer
Performed in system.And, although logical order is shown in flow charts, but in some cases,
Can be with the step shown or described by being performed different from order herein.
The present embodiments relate to method can apply in super-intensive heterogeneous network, the super-intensive isomery
Network can be based on the 5th Generation Mobile Communication System (5G), i.e. various new wireless access technology and existing
Solution general name after wireless access technology evolution is integrated.
The present embodiments relate to data processing centre can realize the movement in super-intensive heterogeneous network
The management platform of base station access by terminal, can be macro station, but be not limited thereto.
The present embodiments relate to mobile terminal can need the intelligent terminal of wireless access technology, example
In this way：Smart mobile phone, tablet personal computer, hand-held set, computer, server etc., but be not limited thereto.
The present embodiments relate to base station can meet the femtocell of domestic. applications, meet small-sized
Or retailer application enterprise-level/indoor base station, meet public place application outdoor base station.
The present embodiments relate to method, it is intended to solve in the prior art in super-intensive heterogeneous network
How the website of mobility, realize the prediction of the motion track under super-intensive network scenarios to mobile terminal,
So as to prepare resource in advance for user, it is to avoid services sites changes time delay, the clothes of user's efficient stable are ensured
The technical problem for quality of being engaged in.
Technical scheme is described in detail with specifically embodiment below.These have below
The embodiment of body can be combined with each other, may be in some embodiments for same or analogous concept or process
Repeat no more.
A kind of flow of the embodiment of the method one for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention
Schematic diagram.The present embodiment refers to predict the detailed process that mobile terminal switches base station.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, this method includes：
S101, the position location for obtaining mobile terminal simultaneously record the mobile trajectory data of formation, according to being remembered
The mobile trajectory data of record obtains the moving direction of the mobile terminal.
Specifically, under the super-intensive network architecture, data processing centre can obtain the sprocket bit of mobile terminal
Put, reach region when monitoring the whole terminal of the movement, the region is that offer mobile terminal set in advance is carried
Need to switch new base station for the fringe region of the base station of service, i.e. mobile terminal to provide during service, it is right
It can be set in the scope of fringe region according to actual conditions, and record the movement of mobile terminal formation
Track data, the analysis of the mobile trajectory data to using mobile terminal in daily user's walk process, one
As user's migration there is certain directionality and purpose so that mobile terminal is during user's migration
The probability that is widely varied of moving direction be smaller, it is therefore possible to use function represents to move
Certain inner link between dynamic tracing point, observation is monitored to the position of mobile terminal in practice,
, can using Lagrange's interpolation and record obtains corresponding observation coordinate value in several different positions
To provide one just through the polynomial function of several known points on two dimensional surface, the polynomial function
Expression formula (1) is as follows：
Wherein, K is coefficient, (x0, y0)……(xn, yn) it is n+1 position of the mobile terminal
Coordinate points are as follows after simplification：
F (x)=K0+K1x+K2x2+……+Knxn (2)
A kind of movement of the embodiment of the method one for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention
Direction calculating schematic diagram, as shown in Fig. 2 wherein, curve represents the moving rail for obtaining the mobile terminal
Mark, when mobile terminal in the position location of t is (xt, yt), then inserted by calculating Lagrange
The prediction multinomial that value method is obtained and actual polynomial error, its calculation expression (3) are as follows：
Wherein, ξ={ a, b }, a=min { x0,x1,…,xn, b=max { x0,x1,…,xn}.
By after derivation and substituting into calculation expression (2), you can calculating obtains the mobile terminal present bit
The slope put, can further get the tangent line of the mobile terminal current location, i.e., the band shown in Fig. 2
The straight line of the direction of arrow is the moving direction for obtaining the mobile terminal, but is not limited to this.
It is each in S102, the moving direction that the mobile terminal is calculated respectively and the mobile terminal and region
The similarity in the line direction of base station.
Specifically, according to predetermined diameter one can be obtained by the center of circle of the position location of the mobile terminal
Base station in circular area region allows hand over the scope of base station as prediction, obtains each in the region
The position of each base station is connected respectively in the position of base station, then the position location and region of the mobile terminal
Line, calculates every in the moving direction of the mobile terminal and the position location of the mobile terminal and region respectively
The similarity of line side between the position of individual base station, is judged by similarity, refers to the line direction
Consistent with moving direction, i.e., the base station is on the moving direction of the mobile terminal so that the base station is easier
It is predicted as pre-switch base station.
S103, when obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold, will meet predetermined threshold similarity institute it is right
The base station on line direction answered is defined as pre-switch base station.
Specifically, when the similarity meets predetermined threshold, i.e., similarity is higher, easier switching,
Illustrate that the line direction is consistent with moving direction, i.e. shifting of the base station on the line direction in the mobile terminal
On dynamic direction, it is easier to switch over, the threshold value of the similarity can be set according to actual conditions,
Similarity meets predetermined threshold and then easily switched over, wherein, the similarity can using access probability,
Distance is represented etc., but is not limited thereto.
A kind of method for predicting mobile terminal switching base station provided in an embodiment of the present invention, this method is by obtaining
Take the position location of mobile terminal and record the mobile trajectory data of formation, according to the motion track recorded
Data obtain the moving direction of the mobile terminal, and moving direction and the institute of the mobile terminal are calculated respectively
The similarity in the line direction of each base station in mobile terminal and region is stated, when obtained similarity meets pre-
When determining threshold value, the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-cut
Base station is changed, so as to prepare resource in advance for user, it is to avoid the conversion time delay of serving BS, Jin Erbao
Hinder the service quality of user's efficient stable.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the shifting is calculated respectively in above-mentioned steps 102
The moving direction of dynamic terminal and the similarity in the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region,
Including：
The moving direction of the mobile terminal and each base station in the mobile terminal and region are calculated respectively
Angle and the mobile terminal between line direction can switch to each base station in the region
First access probability.
Specifically, Fig. 3 switches the embodiment of the method for base station for a kind of prediction mobile terminal that the present invention is provided
One angle calcu-lation schematic diagram, as shown in figure 3, wherein O points represent be mobile terminal moving direction
On a bit, then the position location of the mobile terminal, base station TP1 and O point constitute a triangle
Shape.Therefore, the moving direction and base station TP1 in the mobile terminal and region of the mobile terminal are calculated
Line direction between angle calculation expression (4) it is as follows：
Wherein, base station TP1 to the position location of mobile terminal distance be d1, the positioning of mobile terminal
Position to O points distance be l1, the distance of O points to base station TP1 is l2, d1、l1、l2Can
Obtained by actual measurement.
Then, further according to the angle of each base station in region, the of respective base station is calculated by method of weighting
One access probability, meets the normalization requirement of probability calculation, and specific calculation expression (5) is as follows：
Wherein, N is the quantity of base station in the region, θ1……θNFor the movement of the mobile terminal
Angle in direction and the mobile terminal and the region between the line direction of each base station, PiFor institute
State the first access probability of i-th of base station in region, θiFor the mobile terminal moving direction with it is described
Angle in mobile terminal and the region between the line direction of i-th of base station.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, when obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold,
The base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-switch base station, wrapped
Include：
It is when the first obtained access probability, which is met, is more than predetermined threshold, first access probability institute is right
The base station on line direction answered is defined as pre-switch base station.
It is more than predetermined threshold specifically, obtaining the first access probability and meeting, that is, illustrates first access probability
It is the bigger the better, for example：The predetermined threshold is 50%, when the first access probability, which is met, is more than 50%, will
The base station that first access probability is met on the line direction corresponding to 50% is defined as the base station allowed hand over,
Specific predetermined threshold can be set according to actual conditions.
By between the above-mentioned moving direction for calculating the mobile terminal respectively and the line direction of each base station
Angle, then the first access probability is obtained by the method for weighting, so as to easily calculate institute
State the line direction in the position and the region of mobile terminal between the position of each base station and the movement
The similarity in direction, the above is only to list a computational methods, can also have certainly and calculate angle
The computational methods such as cosine value can obtain similarity, but be not limited thereto.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the mobile side of the mobile terminal is being calculated respectively
To with after the similarity in the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region, in addition to：
The mobile terminal is obtained to the distance of each base station in the region, is calculated according to the distance
The second access probability of each base station in the region can be switched to the mobile terminal；
The mobile terminal is obtained according to first access probability and second access probability to allow hand over
3rd access probability of each base station in the region.
Specifically, while above by the first access probability to determine similarity, it is also contemplated that should
Mobile terminal is to the distance of these base stations, a kind of prediction mobile terminal switching base that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention
The distance for the embodiment of the method one stood calculates schematic diagram, as shown in figure 4, we are it is also contemplated that with mobile whole
The position location at end is the center of circle, and radius is the base station in R coverage.Due to do not consider load and
Under conditions of interference, mobile terminal is intended to access his nearest base station, therefore, it can by meter
Operator expression formula (6) calculates the second access probability of respective base station：
Wherein, N is the quantity of base station in the region, d1……dNFor each base station in the region with
The distance between described mobile terminal, PiFor the second access probability of i-th of base station in the region, di
For the distance between i-th of base station and the mobile terminal in the region.
And the two access probabilities are considered simultaneously, then obtained according to the two access probabilities by method of weighting
To corresponding 3rd access probability, its calculation expression (7) is as follows：
Wherein, N is the quantity of base station in the region, θ1……θNFor each base station in the region
Line direction and the mobile terminal moving direction between angle, θiFor i-th in the region
Angle between the line direction of base station and the moving direction of the mobile terminal, d1……dNFor the area
Each base station and the distance of the mobile terminal, d in domainiFor described i-th of base station in region and the movement
The distance between terminal, PiFor the 3rd access probability of described i-th of base station in region, α is weighting parameters,
Its span is more than 1.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, when obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold,
The base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-switch base station, wrapped
Include：
When the 3rd access probability, which is met, is more than predetermined threshold, by corresponding to the 3rd access probability
Line direction on base station be defined as pre-switch base station.
It is more than predetermined threshold specifically, obtaining the 3rd access probability and meeting, that is, illustrates the 3rd access probability
It is the bigger the better, for example：The predetermined threshold is 60%, when the 3rd access probability, which is met, is more than 60%, will
The base station that 3rd access probability is met on the line direction corresponding to 60% is defined as the base station allowed hand over,
Specific predetermined threshold can be set according to actual conditions.
Line direction in position location and region by calculating mobile terminal between the position of each base station
After angle between the moving direction, yet further consider the mobile terminal between these base stations
Distance, the 3rd access probability is then obtained according to method of weighting according to angle and distance, so as to more
The base station that the mobile terminal can be switched over is predicted exactly.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the sprocket bit of the mobile terminal is being calculated respectively
Put angle between line direction and the moving direction between the position of each base station in region it
Afterwards, in addition to：
If obtained angle has multiple equal, obtain respectively the mobile terminal to angle it is equal pair
The distance for the base station in the region answered.
Specifically, position location and region due in some cases, calculating the mobile terminal respectively
The angle between line direction and the moving direction between the position of interior each base station, discovery has multiple
Angle is identical, that is, illustrates the company between the position of multiple base stations in the position location and region of the mobile terminal
Line direction is identical with the similarity of the moving direction, then can be by the identical corresponding line direction of angle
On base station yet further according to being judged with the distance between the mobile terminal, therefore, data
Processing center can obtain respectively on angle identical line direction corresponding base station and the mobile terminal it
Between distance.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, when obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold,
The base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-switch base station, wrapped
Include：
When the distance of acquisition, which is met, is less than predetermined threshold, by the line direction corresponding to the distance
Base station is defined as pre-switch base station.
Specifically, it is whole with the movement to measure base station corresponding on angle identical line direction respectively
The distance between end, can be with the threshold value of setpoint distance, such as：The preset distance is 100 meters, works as measurement
Distance be less than 100 meters when, it may be determined that the base station less than 100 meters is allowed hand over, and specific threshold value can
To be set according to actual conditions.
In some cases, the company in the position location and region of mobile terminal between the position of multiple base stations
Angle between line direction and the moving direction of the mobile terminal is identical, it is further contemplated that these angles
The distance between identical base station and the mobile terminal, more accurately determine that the mobile terminal can be carried out
The base station of switching.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, in addition to：
Determine that the mobile terminal is capable of the amount threshold of pre-switch base station according to the density of base station in region.
Specifically, in practical application scene, it is readily understood that it is determined that for the base station that can be allowed hand over
Number is more, and the probability of handover success is bigger, and the accuracy rate of prediction is also higher, however, can carry out
The number of the base station of switching is more, also implies that needs do more resources to these base stations, such phase
Ground is answered to reduce the utilization rate of resource, therefore, we can find according to the density of base station in region can
Reach the threshold value of the base station number that can be switched over of highest prediction accuracy rate.
By determining that the mobile terminal can switch to the amount threshold of base station, so that prediction is accurate
Rate can reach maximum optimization, be easy to provide better services to user, improve user satisfaction.
Illustrate the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of prediction that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention with a specific example below
The application scenarios schematic diagram of the embodiment of the method two of mobile terminal switching base station, as shown in figure 5, the implementation
The method of example is as follows：
The application scenarios of the embodiment two are the intensive block in super-intensive network typical scene, can be with small station
Exist in the network that (Small cells) and micro- station (Macro cell) coexist, a Macro cell many
Individual Small cells, wherein the Small cells deployment belong to obedience poisson process (Poison Point
), and the coverage between Small cells has overlapping, the red arrow table in wherein Fig. 5 Process
What is shown is the actual motion track of mobile terminal, and what red Small cells were represented is that mobile terminal is current
Service TP, represent user and be currently accessed TP；That the Small cells of blueness are represented is synchronous TP, together
Step TP main function is exactly to carry out data syn-chronization to service TP current states, is selected from synchronous TP
The service TP of subsequent time, that is, predict the base station that the mobile terminal can switch.
Caused by when residing in some Small cell for a long time in order to avoid mobile terminal being its resource reservation
The wasting of resources, we divide Small cells coverage, only when user is moved to
We just need to carry out user mobility prediction during Small cells fringe region, and we claim Tier-1
For nonanticipating region, Tier-2 is referred to as estimation range.
Step one, the position coordinates of the mobile terminal is obtained.
Outdoor scene can obtain the current position coordinates of the mobile terminal simultaneously so that OTDoA is positioned as an example
Preserve, indoor scene obtains the current coordinate of mobile terminal by taking fingerprint location as an example, coordinate information can be with
It is stored in macro station or data processing centre.
Step 2, the prediction of the motion track of mobile terminal.
Macro station (or data processing centre) according to the positioning result of mobile terminal judge mobile terminal whether need
It is predicted.If necessary to predict, mobile terminal t and the before position at moment are utilized by macro station
Coordinate is fitted current motion track by Lagrange interpolation polynomial, in addition the specific position of TP distributions
Put coordinate and be also stored in macro station (or data processing centre), macro station (or data processing centre) can be with
Consider centered on the current location of mobile terminal, radius is the Website Hosting in the range of R.Macro station (or
Data processing centre) based on direction Huo and apart from the access probability for calculating different websites in Website Hosting, root
Synchronization TP set is determined according to the size of access probability.
Step 3, macro station (or data processing centre) instructs the synchronous TP set that second step is determined with moving
Dynamic terminal current service TP carries out synchronization and the resource reservation of data.
Further, a kind of method for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 6 provides for the present invention is implemented
The emulation schematic diagram of example two, as shown in fig. 6, the service TP refers to that currently connection is carried the mobile terminal
For the TP of business, the synchronous TP refers to the multiple TP set chosen according to predicting the outcome, institute
State service TP handover success and refer to that the service TP of mobile terminal service TP new after switching are contained within together
TP set is walked, is otherwise that switching is unsuccessful.
Synchronous TP be the access probability selected from predicting the outcome than larger website, it can be advance
The synchronization of resource and reserved, the handover delay of reduction mobile terminal are carried out, the probability switched successfully is improved.
Therefore, emulation is carried out in foregoing intensive block scene, and PPP distributions are obeyed in the distribution of website, we
The site density considered herein is respectively 100/km2, 500/km2, 1000/km2, 2000
Individual/km2, 6000/km2, 10000/km2, 14000/km2, the translational speed of the mobile terminal is
3m/s, it is contemplated that the website around the mobile terminal in the range of 1.5 times of website average distances.
We can see that predictablity rate is all with synchronization under the conditions of different site densities from accompanying drawing
The growth of TP numbers is presented first to rise and tended to be steady again, when site density is lower, predictablity rate
Curve can comparatively fast tend to be steady, and site density it is higher when predictablity rate curve then in synchronous TP
It can just be reached in the case that number is more steady.We can draw such a conclusion：Synchronous TP
Number has strong influence to predictablity rate, but synchronization TP number has a threshold value, at this
In secondary emulation, i.e., predict standard under conditions of the distribution of different densities website when synchronous TP numbers are 5
True rate can all reach higher predictablity rate and tend to be steady.
Above-described embodiment by obtaining the position location of mobile terminal and recording the mobile trajectory data of formation,
The motion track of the mobile terminal is obtained using Lagrange's interpolation, the mobile terminal is calculated respectively
Moving direction and the mobile terminal and region in each base station line direction similarity, when obtaining
Similarity when meeting predetermined threshold, will meet on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold
Base station is defined as pre-switch base station, so as to prepare resource in advance for user, it is to avoid turn of serving BS
Time delay is changed, and then ensures the service quality of user's efficient stable.
Further, a kind of device for prediction mobile terminal switching base station that Fig. 7 provides for the present invention is implemented
The structural representation of example one, as shown in fig. 7, the device includes：Acquisition module 10, computing module 20
With prediction module 30；
The acquisition module 10, for obtaining the position location of mobile terminal and recording the motion track of formation
Data, the moving direction of the mobile terminal is obtained according to the mobile trajectory data recorded；
The computing module 20, the moving direction and the movement for calculating the mobile terminal respectively is whole
The similarity in the line direction of each base station in end and region；
The prediction module 30, for when obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold, predetermined threshold will to be met
The base station on line direction corresponding to the similarity of value is defined as pre-switch base station.
A kind of method and apparatus for predicting mobile terminal switching base station provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：
Acquisition module, computing module and prediction determining module, the sprocket bit of mobile terminal is obtained by acquisition module
The mobile trajectory data of formation is put and recorded, obtains described mobile whole according to the mobile trajectory data recorded
The moving direction at end, computing module calculates the moving direction and the mobile terminal of the mobile terminal respectively
With the similarity in the line direction of each base station in region, prediction module is meeting pre- when obtained similarity
When determining threshold value, the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-cut
Base station is changed, so as to prepare resource in advance for user, it is to avoid the conversion time delay of serving BS, Jin Erbao
Hinder the service quality of user's efficient stable.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the computing module 20 is used to calculate described respectively
The moving direction of mobile terminal in the mobile terminal and region the line direction of each base station it is similar
Degree, including：
The computing module 20 is used for the moving direction for calculating the mobile terminal respectively and the movement is whole
Angle and the mobile terminal in end and region between the line direction of each base station can switch to
First access probability of each base station in the region.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can perform above method embodiment, its realization principle and skill
Art effect is similar, will not be repeated here.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the prediction module 30 is used for similar when what is obtained
Degree is when meeting predetermined threshold, and the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is true
It is set to pre-switch base station, refers to：
The prediction module 30 is used for when the first obtained access probability meets and is more than predetermined threshold, by institute
The base station stated on the line direction corresponding to the first access probability is defined as pre-switch base station.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can perform above method embodiment, its realization principle and skill
Art effect is similar, will not be repeated here.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the computing module 20 is calculating the shifting respectively
The similarity in the moving direction of dynamic terminal and the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region it
Afterwards, it is additionally operable to：
The mobile terminal is obtained respectively to the distance of each base station in the region, according to it is acquired away from
From the second access probability that obtains the mobile terminal and can switch to each base station in the region；
The mobile terminal is obtained according to first access probability and second access probability to allow hand over
3rd access probability of each base station in the region.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can perform above method embodiment, its realization principle and skill
Art effect is similar, will not be repeated here.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the prediction module 30 is used for similar when what is obtained
Degree is when meeting predetermined threshold, and the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is true
It is set to pre-switch base station, refers to：
The prediction module 30 is used for when the 3rd obtained access probability meets and is more than predetermined threshold, by institute
The base station stated on the line direction corresponding to the 3rd access probability is defined as pre-switch base station.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can perform above method embodiment, its realization principle and skill
Art effect is similar, will not be repeated here.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the computing module 20 is calculating the shifting respectively
Folder in the moving direction of dynamic terminal and the mobile terminal and region between the line direction of each base station
After angle, it is additionally operable to：
If obtained angle has multiple equal, obtain respectively the mobile terminal to angle it is equal pair
The distance for the base station in the region answered.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can perform above method embodiment, its realization principle and skill
Art effect is similar, will not be repeated here.
Further, on the basis of above-described embodiment, the prediction module 30 is used for similar when what is obtained
Degree is when meeting predetermined threshold, and the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is true
It is set to pre-switch base station, refers to：
The prediction module 30 is used for when the distance of acquisition meets and is less than predetermined threshold, by described apart from institute
Base station on corresponding line direction is defined as pre-switch base station.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can perform above method embodiment, its realization principle and skill
Art effect is similar, will not be repeated here.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, on the basis of above-described embodiment, in addition to：Threshold module 40；
The threshold module 40 is used to determine that the mobile terminal can be pre- according to the density of base station in region
Switch the amount threshold of base station.
Device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can perform above method embodiment, its realization principle and skill
Art effect is similar, will not be repeated here.
Although disclosed herein embodiment as above, described content is only to readily appreciate the present invention
And the embodiment used, it is not limited to the present invention.Technology people in any art of the present invention
Member, do not depart from disclosed herein spirit and scope on the premise of, can be in the form of implementation and thin
Any modification and change, but the scope of patent protection of the present invention are carried out on section, still must be with appended right
The scope that claim is defined is defined.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of predict the method that mobile terminal switches base station, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Obtain the position location of mobile terminal and record the mobile trajectory data of formation, according to the shifting recorded
Dynamic track data obtains the moving direction of the mobile terminal；
The moving direction of the mobile terminal and each base station in the mobile terminal and region are calculated respectively
The similarity in line direction；
When obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold, the company corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold will be met
Base station on line direction is defined as pre-switch base station.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that calculate the mobile terminal respectively
Moving direction and the similarity in the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region, including：
The moving direction of the mobile terminal and each base station in the mobile terminal and region are calculated respectively
Angle and the mobile terminal between line direction can switch to each base station in the region
First access probability.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that when obtained similarity meets predetermined
During threshold value, the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-switch
Base station, including：
It is when the first obtained access probability, which is met, is more than predetermined threshold, first access probability institute is right
The base station on line direction answered is defined as pre-switch base station.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that calculating the mobile terminal respectively
Moving direction and the mobile terminal and region in each base station line direction similarity after, also
Including：
The mobile terminal is obtained respectively to the distance of each base station in the region, according to it is acquired away from
From the second access probability that obtains the mobile terminal and can switch to each base station in the region；
The mobile terminal is obtained according to first access probability and second access probability to allow hand over
3rd access probability of each base station in the region.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that when obtained similarity meets predetermined
During threshold value, the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-switch
Base station, including：
When the 3rd access probability, which is met, is more than predetermined threshold, by corresponding to the 3rd access probability
Line direction on base station be defined as pre-switch base station.
6. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that calculating the mobile terminal respectively
Moving direction and the mobile terminal and region in each base station line direction between angle it
Afterwards, in addition to：
If obtained angle has multiple equal, obtain respectively the mobile terminal to angle it is equal pair
The distance for the base station in the region answered.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that when obtained similarity meets predetermined
During threshold value, the base station met on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold is defined as pre-switch
Base station, including：
When the distance of acquisition, which is met, is less than predetermined threshold, by the line direction corresponding to the distance
Base station is defined as pre-switch base station.
8. the method according to claim any one of 1-7, it is characterised in that also include：
Determine that the mobile terminal is capable of the amount threshold of pre-switch base station according to the density of base station in region.
9. a kind of predict the device that mobile terminal switches base station, it is characterised in that described device includes：Obtain
Modulus block, computing module and prediction module；
The acquisition module, for obtaining the position location of mobile terminal and recording the motion track number of formation
According to obtaining the moving direction of the mobile terminal according to the mobile trajectory data recorded；
The computing module, moving direction and the mobile terminal for calculating the mobile terminal respectively
With the similarity in the line direction of each base station in region；
The prediction module, for when obtained similarity meets predetermined threshold, predetermined threshold will to be met
Similarity corresponding to line direction on base station be defined as pre-switch base station.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the computing module is used to distinguish
Calculate moving direction and the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region of the mobile terminal
Similarity, including：
The computing module be used to calculating respectively the moving direction of the mobile terminal and the mobile terminal and
Angle and the mobile terminal in region between the line direction of each base station can switch to described
First access probability of each base station in region.
11. device according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the prediction module is used to work as
To similarity meet predetermined threshold when, will meet on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold
Base station be defined as pre-switch base station, refer to：
The prediction module is used for when the first obtained access probability meets and is more than predetermined threshold, will be described
The base station on line direction corresponding to first access probability is defined as pre-switch base station.
12. device according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the computing module is being counted respectively
Calculate the moving direction of the mobile terminal and the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region
After similarity, it is additionally operable to：
The mobile terminal is obtained respectively to the distance of each base station in the region, according to it is acquired away from
From the second access probability that obtains the mobile terminal and can switch to each base station in the region；
The mobile terminal is obtained according to first access probability and second access probability to allow hand over
3rd access probability of each base station in the region.
13. device according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the prediction module is used to work as
To similarity meet predetermined threshold when, will meet on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold
Base station be defined as pre-switch base station, refer to：
The prediction module is used for when the 3rd obtained access probability meets and is more than predetermined threshold, will be described
The base station on line direction corresponding to 3rd access probability is defined as pre-switch base station.
14. device according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the computing module is being counted respectively
Calculate the moving direction of the mobile terminal and the line direction of each base station in the mobile terminal and region
Between angle after, be additionally operable to：
If obtained angle has multiple equal, obtain respectively the mobile terminal to angle it is equal pair
The distance for the base station in the region answered.
15. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that the prediction module is used to work as
To similarity meet predetermined threshold when, will meet on line direction corresponding to the similarity of predetermined threshold
Base station be defined as pre-switch base station, refer to：
The prediction module is used for when the distance of acquisition meets and is less than predetermined threshold, and the distance institute is right
The base station on line direction answered is defined as pre-switch base station.
16. the device according to claim any one of 9-15, it is characterised in that also include：Threshold value
Module；
The threshold module is used to determine that the mobile terminal being capable of pre-switch according to the density of base station in region
The amount threshold of base station.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610082011.8A CN107046700B (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2016-02-05 | Method and device for predicting base station switching of mobile terminal |
| PCT/CN2017/072735 WO2017133636A1 (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2017-01-26 | Method and apparatus for predicting base station switching of a mobile terminal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610082011.8A CN107046700B (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2016-02-05 | Method and device for predicting base station switching of mobile terminal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107046700A true CN107046700A (en) | 2017-08-15 |
| CN107046700B CN107046700B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
Family
ID=59499415
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610082011.8A Active CN107046700B (en) | 2016-02-05 | 2016-02-05 | Method and device for predicting base station switching of mobile terminal |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107046700B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017133636A1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107466015A (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2017-12-12 | 东莞市腾盛软件科技有限公司 | Access control method and Related product |
| CN108174425A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-15 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | A kind of method for switching network and mobile terminal |
| CN109842887A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-04 | 南京邮电大学 | The method for mapping resource of user mobility is considered towards super-intensive scene |
| WO2019109773A1 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Scheduling method, information sending method and apparatus, and storage medium |
| CN110139219A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-08-16 | 杨铭域 | Wisdom 5G network system |
| CN110167059A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-23 | 电子科技大学 | BTS service amount prediction technique under a kind of edge calculations scene |
| CN110268746A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-09-20 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Cell switching method and device, handover configurations method and device and user equipment |
| CN110572765A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-12-13 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | cell switching method and system |
| CN110662289A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-07 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal positioning method, device and system and computer readable storage medium |
| CN111132248A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-05-08 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| CN113438696A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-24 | 咪咕互动娱乐有限公司 | Mobile terminal switching method, device, equipment and storage medium |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108764951B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2021-01-12 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | User similarity obtaining method and device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114513824B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-03-21 | 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 | Communication platform switching method and related equipment |
| CN113923594B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-10-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Weather distinguishing method based on time division long term evolution network |
| CN114222335B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-04-19 | 北京理工大学 | Ground inter-cell switching probability prediction method based on poisson cluster process |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102056250A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Switching control method, mobile node and base station controller |
| CN102158920A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-08-17 | 新邮通信设备有限公司 | Selecting method of target base station during switching of base station and base station |
| CN102970694A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-13 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Network coverage detection method and device |
| CN103796256A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-14 | 重庆邮电大学 | Mobile robustness optimization method and device based on mobile state information and adjacent region proximity |
| WO2014090068A1 (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-19 | 索尼公司 | Method, device and system for mobile handover management in wireless communication network |
| CN104066134A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-24 | 河南省尖端智能控制技术有限公司 | Seamless switching method for multiple access points of WiFi network |
-
2016
- 2016-02-05 CN CN201610082011.8A patent/CN107046700B/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-01-26 WO PCT/CN2017/072735 patent/WO2017133636A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102056250A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Switching control method, mobile node and base station controller |
| CN102158920A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-08-17 | 新邮通信设备有限公司 | Selecting method of target base station during switching of base station and base station |
| CN102970694A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-13 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Network coverage detection method and device |
| WO2014090068A1 (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-19 | 索尼公司 | Method, device and system for mobile handover management in wireless communication network |
| CN103796256A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-14 | 重庆邮电大学 | Mobile robustness optimization method and device based on mobile state information and adjacent region proximity |
| CN104066134A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-24 | 河南省尖端智能控制技术有限公司 | Seamless switching method for multiple access points of WiFi network |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107466015A (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2017-12-12 | 东莞市腾盛软件科技有限公司 | Access control method and Related product |
| WO2019109773A1 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Scheduling method, information sending method and apparatus, and storage medium |
| US11363604B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-06-14 | Xi'an Zhongxing New Software Co., Ltd. | Scheduling method, information sending method and apparatus, and storage medium |
| CN108174425A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-15 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | A kind of method for switching network and mobile terminal |
| CN110139219A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-08-16 | 杨铭域 | Wisdom 5G network system |
| CN110572765A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-12-13 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | cell switching method and system |
| CN110662289B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2021-01-15 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal positioning method, device and system and computer readable storage medium |
| CN110662289A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-07 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Mobile terminal positioning method, device and system and computer readable storage medium |
| CN109842887A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-04 | 南京邮电大学 | The method for mapping resource of user mobility is considered towards super-intensive scene |
| CN109842887B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-10-29 | 南京邮电大学 | Resource mapping method for ultra-dense scene considering user mobility |
| CN110268746A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-09-20 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Cell switching method and device, handover configurations method and device and user equipment |
| CN110167059A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-23 | 电子科技大学 | BTS service amount prediction technique under a kind of edge calculations scene |
| CN111132248A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-05-08 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| CN113438696A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-24 | 咪咕互动娱乐有限公司 | Mobile terminal switching method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113438696B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-09-13 | 咪咕互动娱乐有限公司 | Mobile terminal switching method, device, equipment and storage medium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107046700B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
| WO2017133636A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107046700A (en) | It is a kind of to predict the method and apparatus that mobile terminal switches base station | |
| JP6344459B2 (en) | Mobility management method, device and system in wireless communication network | |
| He et al. | A simple and robust vertical handoff algorithm for heterogeneous wireless mobile networks | |
| CN102595592A (en) | Indoor positioning method for goal nodes of mobile social network | |
| JP6049736B2 (en) | Method for estimating mobility of user equipment and wireless devices | |
| CN113498137A (en) | Method and device for obtaining cell relation model and recommending cell switching guide parameters | |
| CN105517077A (en) | Network re-election and switching method, base station and mobile terminal | |
| Tiwari et al. | Analysis and design of an efficient handoff management strategy via velocity estimation in HetNets | |
| CN111586777B (en) | Network switching method and device under indoor environment, electronic equipment and storage medium | |
| US20140031045A1 (en) | Assignment of hierarchical cell structures employing geolocation techniques | |
| CN108696888A (en) | A kind of method and device of determining overlapping coverage cell | |
| Alablani et al. | Applying a dwell time-based 5G V2X cell selection strategy in the City of Los Angeles, California | |
| CN102752765B (en) | Wireless resource allocation method in heterogeneous network based on vertical switching rate analysis | |
| Ei et al. | A trajectory-aware handoff algorithm based on GPS information | |
| Chen et al. | PSO-based agent cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks | |
| Li et al. | A cloud-assisted handover optimization strategy for mobile nodes in industrial wireless networks | |
| Liu | Research on the development of intelligent logistics based on 5G technology | |
| CN102711259B (en) | Wireless heterogeneous network throughput optimization method based on Markov process | |
| Kong et al. | Average packet delay analysis for a mobile user in a two-tier heterogeneous cellular network | |
| CN109391946A (en) | A kind of method and device of base station cluster planning | |
| JP6223302B2 (en) | Apparatus, program, and method capable of determining stay of user having portable terminal | |
| Hasbollah et al. | Mobility prediction method for vehicular network using Markov chain | |
| Lou et al. | Terrain-Based UAV Deployment: Providing Coverage for Outdoor Users | |
| CN114980234A (en) | Pilot frequency switching method, device and storage medium | |
| JP6433059B2 (en) | Apparatus, program and method for positioning mobile terminal based on communication record |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |