CN107046311B - Charging loop for internal resistance compensation of variable pitch super capacitor of wind turbine generator and control method of charging loop - Google Patents
Charging loop for internal resistance compensation of variable pitch super capacitor of wind turbine generator and control method of charging loop Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- H02J7/0077—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
Abstract
The invention relates to a charging loop for internal resistance compensation of a variable pitch super capacitor of a wind turbine, which comprises two voltage dividing resistors and a resistor, wherein the two voltage dividing resistors are a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor respectively, and a series resistor is arranged between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor, and the charging loop is characterized in that: the resistor is a voltage regulating resistor, two ends of the voltage regulating resistor are connected in parallel with an internal resistance detection loop, the internal resistance detection loop is connected in parallel with the voltage regulating resistor, and a parallel circuit formed by the internal resistance detection loop and the voltage regulating resistor is connected in series between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor. The invention also relates to a charging loop control method for the internal resistance compensation of the variable pitch super capacitor of the wind turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a charging loop for internal resistance compensation of a variable pitch super capacitor of a wind turbine and a control method thereof, and belongs to the field of operation control of wind turbines.
Background
Wind power is an energy utilization form which is mature in the prior art, high in practicality degree and high in commercial development value and market competitiveness, and has been developed in the recent years, and according to the statistical data of the national energy bureau, the cumulative grid-connected installed capacity of the Chinese wind power is close to 1.4 hundred million kilowatts by the end of 9 months in 2016. Along with the rapid increase of the scale, the concern on the running reliability of the unit equipment in the industry is gradually raised, preliminary statistics is carried out, the electric quantity lost by the failure of the wind turbine generator set accounts for 1% -3% of the theoretical power generation of the unit, and in all the faults of the unit, the faults of the variable pitch system occupy a considerable proportion, wherein the damage of a variable pitch converter, a variable pitch motor, a slip ring and a variable pitch backup power supply is concentrated, and particularly the variable pitch backup power supply is most prominent. The variable pitch backup power supply used by the wind turbine generator set at present mainly comprises two types, namely an electrochemical battery such as a lead-acid storage battery and an electrical battery such as a super capacitor; the lead-acid storage battery has the advantages of mature technology, low price, stable performance and the like, is widely applied to the pitch system of the wind turbine generator, and has the advantages of long service life, good charging characteristic and the like in recent years, so that the application range of the lead-acid storage battery in the pitch system of the wind turbine generator tends to be enlarged. Although the super capacitor has more advantages, various primary and secondary faults, such as faults of super capacitor mismatch, overheat, overcharge and undercharge, faults of incapability of starting a unit caused by low voltage alarm due to undercharge of the variable pitch super capacitor, and the like, occur in actual operation, and the defects of partial design of the original charging circuit are found through deep analysis.
The chinese patent 200610152556.8 discloses a charger circuit with output voltage compensation, which comprises an ac-dc circuit, an output interface, a charging control circuit and a compensation circuit, wherein the ac-dc circuit converts ac power into dc power, the dc power is boosted by the transformer and charges the battery through the output interface, the voltage of the output interface is increased by the charging control circuit to accelerate the charging of the battery, and the compensation circuit further compensates the voltage lost by the circuit. The scheme has limited compensation effect and limited response and reaction capability to problems occurring in the capacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a charging loop for compensating the internal resistance of the variable pitch super capacitor of the wind turbine generator, which has reasonable structural design and maintains stable charging voltage.
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a control method of a charging loop for maintaining stable charging voltage and compensating internal resistance of a variable pitch super capacitor of a wind turbine generator.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a wind turbine generator system becomes charging loop of oar super capacitor internal resistance compensation, includes two bleeder resistors and resistance, and two bleeder resistors are bleeder resistor and No. two bleeder resistors respectively, series resistance between bleeder resistor and the No. two bleeder resistors, its characterized in that: the resistor is a voltage regulating resistor, two ends of the voltage regulating resistor are connected in parallel with an internal resistance detection loop, the internal resistance detection loop is connected in parallel with the voltage regulating resistor, and a parallel circuit formed by the internal resistance detection loop and the voltage regulating resistor is connected in series between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor.
The internal resistance detection loop is formed by serially connecting a super capacitor and an equivalent series resistor of the super capacitor.
A control method of a charging loop for internal resistance compensation of a variable pitch super capacitor of a wind turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting voltage regulating resistor specification parameters according to the designed and selected voltage dividing resistor resistance value and the operating range of the equivalent series resistor of the super capacitor;
s2: adding a correction quantity influenced by the equivalent series resistance of the super capacitor in a charging voltage set value link, and carrying out set value correction according to the equivalent series resistance change of the super capacitor on the basis of a charging voltage set curve;
s3: and calculating a set value of the voltage dividing resistor according to the set value of the charging voltage, sending a set value instruction of the resistor, and controlling the resistance value of the voltage regulating resistor.
The voltage regulating resistor receives the regulating instruction from the charging control module, executes the regulating resistance instruction and feeds back the executing result to the control module. The controllable voltage regulating resistor is selected to replace the original constant value resistor, so that the charging voltage is controllable and adjustable.
The specification parameters of the voltage regulating resistor refer to the resistance value of the voltage regulating resistorIs in the range of +.>The total voltage across the charging loop is +.>And is a fixed value, the total voltage at two ends of the voltage regulating resistor is set as a reference value +.>The equivalent series resistance reference value of the super capacitor is +.>The charging voltage at two ends of the super capacitor is +.>The initial value of the voltage regulating resistor is +.>The first voltage dividing resistor isThe second voltage dividing resistor is->Then->The relation between the two is as follows:
when (when)When the change occurs, by->Become->The charging voltage command flowing through the supercapacitor C at this time should be:
wherein,and->Is related to the direction of change of>More->Elevated and->In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,increase to +.>When->More->Reduced and->In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,decrease until it is reduced to +>ζ is the adjustment dead zone; after corresponding correction->Is->Calculated from the following formula:
the voltage regulating resistor resistance range is comprehensively selected according to the actual operation range of the internal resistance of the capacitor and the local environment condition. The voltage regulating resistor resistance regulating command is calculated by the circuit structure, the device parameters thereof and the voltage regulating command, and the principle is clear.
A charging voltage supplementing method based on super capacitor equivalent series resistance is used for controlling a charging loop of variable pitch super capacitor internal resistance compensation of a wind turbine generator, and is characterized in that: in a charging period, the change of the equivalent series resistance of the super capacitor is detected in real time, and when the equivalent series resistance of the super capacitor rises to exceedIncreasing the charging voltage; when the equivalent series resistance of the super capacitor is reduced by more than +.>The charging voltage is lowered. In a charging period, detecting the change of the internal resistance of the capacitor in real time, increasing the charging voltage when the internal resistance rises above a certain limit value, preventing the power supply from being undercharged, and reducing the charging voltage when the internal resistance decreases above the certain limit value, preventing the power supply from being overcharged; and meanwhile, the upper limit and the lower limit of the voltage correction deviation value are considered, so that excessive adjustment is avoided.
The invention comprises two parts, namely, a voltage dividing resistor is changed from a constant value resistor to a controllable voltage regulating resistor; and secondly, adjusting a control strategy, redesigning a control loop, adding an internal resistance detection loop into the control circuit, correcting deviation according to the periodically acquired super capacitor equivalent series resistance as a power supply charging voltage set value, and adjusting the resistance value of the controllable voltage regulating resistor according to the voltage. The change of the equivalent series resistance (internal resistance) of the super capacitor is detected in real time, and the charging voltage is corrected according to the difference value between the current internal resistance and the reference internal resistance, so that the charging voltage required by the capacitor is ensured to be obtained, the charging voltage is properly increased when the internal resistance is increased, and the charging effect is ensured; when the internal resistance is reduced, the charging voltage is properly reduced, and the capacitor is prevented from being over-heated due to overcharging. The method provided by the invention has good application effect on the ambient temperature and the capacitance internal resistance change in the charging process, the actual internal resistance operation range is greatly improved compared with the original design, and the situations that the power supply working voltage is lower after the charging is completed and the capacitance temperature is higher in the charging process in the original design are well solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a representative supercapacitor charge circuit of a comparative electric pitch system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an electrical schematic diagram of the charging circuit according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the control logic of the charging circuit according to embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the steps of examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of the implementation of examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and not limited to the following examples. For the sake of illustration, the voltage regulating resistors are described as controllable voltage regulating resistor 3.
See fig. 1 to 5.
Comparison group.
FIG. 1 shows a typical super capacitor charging circuit of an electric pitch system, wherein the inlet voltage is divided by R214.4, R214.4.1, R214.5 and R214.6 resistors to provide a charging voltage meeting the power supply requirement. In general, after the super capacitor finishes one-time discharging, the charging loop adopts a three-stage charging method (namely constant current is firstly carried out, constant voltage is then carried out, and constant current is finally carried out) to finish charging, the capacity and port voltage of the super capacitor are recovered to be normal, and in normal operation, the self-discharging of the super capacitor is compensated by adopting a floating charging mode, but fault alarm information that the voltage of a power port is frequently reported to be low in winter is actually found on site, the capacitor shell is overheated and swelled in summer, and the like, the conditions of equivalent series internal resistance change caused by environmental temperature and temperature change of the capacitor are found after analysis, the internal resistance is increased in winter, the corresponding internal resistance is reduced in summer, and the original charging voltage cannot adapt to the requirement of internal resistance change in winter, and is undercharged in winter and overcharged in summer.
Aiming at the situation, at present, part of design units are adjusted, for example, according to the change in winter and summer, the total voltage of two ends of a charging loop, namely the No. 1 and No. 7 ports of X214.3 is adjusted, the charging voltage is properly increased in winter, the charging voltage is properly reduced in summer, the inadaptability of the charging loop to the internal resistance temperature characteristic of the super capacitor 5 is improved to a certain extent, but the total voltage adjustment of the two ends of the charging loop is realized by a variable-pitch frequency converter, because of the parameter limitation of the frequency converter, the voltage adjustment range is limited, the voltage dividing resistance of the charging loop is a constant-value resistance (neglecting the natural influence of the resistance along with the temperature change), the actual charging voltage adjustment range of the two ends of the super capacitor 5 is relatively limited, the internal temperature of the super capacitor 5 is also increased in the charging process to cause the internal resistance change, the original circuit can not well solve the requirement of the charging voltage adjustment when the internal resistance is changed, and the circuit has a certain defect in structural design.
Example 1.
The embodiment is a charging loop for internal resistance compensation of a variable pitch super capacitor of a wind turbine, comprising two voltage dividing resistors and a resistor, wherein the two voltage dividing resistors are respectively a first voltage dividing resistor 1 and a second voltage dividing resistor 2, resistors are connected in series between the first voltage dividing resistor 1 and the second voltage dividing resistor 2, the resistor is a controllable voltage regulating resistor 3, two ends of the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 are connected in parallel with an internal resistance detection loop, the internal resistance detection loop is connected in parallel with the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3, and a parallel circuit formed by the internal resistance detection loop and the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is connected in series between the first voltage dividing resistor 1 and the second voltage dividing resistor 2. The internal resistance detection loop is formed by connecting a super capacitor 5 with a super capacitor equivalent series resistor 4 in series.
The control method of the embodiment sequentially includes the following steps:
s1: selecting 3 specification parameters of the controllable voltage regulating resistor according to the designed and selected voltage dividing resistor resistance value and the operating range of the equivalent series resistor of the super capacitor 5;
s2: adding a correction quantity influenced by the super capacitor equivalent series resistance 4 in a charging voltage set value link, and carrying out set value correction according to the change of the super capacitor equivalent series resistance 4 on the basis of a charging voltage set curve;
s3: and calculating a set value of the voltage dividing resistor according to the set value of the charging voltage, sending a set value instruction of the resistor, and controlling the resistance value of the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3.
The controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 receives the regulating instruction from the charging control module, executes the regulating resistor instruction, and feeds back the execution result to the control module. The controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is selected to replace the original value resistor, so that the charging controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is controllable and adjustable.
The 3-specification parameter of the controllable voltage-regulating resistor refers to the 3-resistance value of the controllable voltage-regulating resistorIs in the range of +.>The total voltage across the charging loop is +.>And is a fixed value, the total voltage at two ends of the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is set as a reference value +.>The reference value of the equivalent series resistance 4 of the super capacitor is +.>The charging voltage at two ends of the super capacitor 5 is +.>The initial value of the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is +.>The first voltage dividing resistor 1 is->The second voltage dividing resistor 2 is->The capacity of the super capacitor 5 is C, and the super capacitor is +.> The relation between the two is as follows:
when (when)When the change occurs, by->Become->The charging voltage command flowing through the super capacitor 5 at this time should be:
wherein,and->Is related to the direction of change of>More->Elevated and->Time of dayIncrease to +.>When->More->Reduced and->When (I)>Decrease until it is reduced to +>ζ is the adjustment dead zone; after corresponding correction->Is->Is composed of the following
The formula is calculated:
the resistance range of the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is comprehensively selected according to the actual operation range of the super capacitor equivalent series 4 and the local environment condition. The resistance value adjusting instruction of the controllable voltage adjusting resistor 3 is calculated by the circuit structure, the device parameters thereof and the voltage adjusting instruction, and the principle is clear.
A charging voltage supplementing method based on super capacitor equivalent series resistance is used for controlling a charging loop of variable pitch super capacitor internal resistance compensation of a wind turbine generator set: in a charging period, the resistance change of the super capacitor equivalent series resistor 4 is detected in real time, and when the super capacitor equivalent series resistor 4 rises aboveIncreasing the charging voltage; when the equivalent series resistance 4 of the super capacitor is reduced by more than +.>The charging voltage is lowered. In a charging period, the change of the equivalent series resistance 4 of the super capacitor is detected in real time, and when the equivalent series resistance 4 of the super capacitor rises above a certain levelIncreasing the charging voltage when the limit value is exceeded, preventing the power supply from being undercharged, and reducing the charging voltage when the equivalent series resistance 4 of the super capacitor is reduced to exceed a certain limit value, thereby preventing the power supply from being overcharged; and meanwhile, the upper limit and the lower limit of the voltage correction deviation value are considered, so that excessive adjustment is avoided.
Selecting a unit as a wind generating set pitch system as a transformation object, and collecting technical specification data of the finishing pitch system, particularly pitch backup power supply, charging module, pitch converter design specification, specification parameters and the like;
the operation of the unit is stopped, an on-line internal resistance detection device is arranged at the positive port and the negative port of the power supply, the device can communicate with a control unit of the variable-pitch shaft control cabinet, and the resistance is uploaded to the shaft control cabinet. After the internal resistance detection device is installed, restarting the unit, continuously operating for more than one year, and comprehensively determining the possible resistance range of the backup super capacitor power supply according to the detected internal resistance value and the change range of the ambient temperature and the local 30-year temperature change range.
The controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is used for replacing a constant value voltage regulating resistor in an original charging circuit, and according to the range of the resistance value, the range of the voltage regulating value of the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is calculated through formulas (2) and (4) according to the charging voltage requirement of a super capacitor 5 device. The controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 can be connected with the action signal of the control module of the shaft control cabinet by the actuating mechanism, executes the voltage regulating instruction of the control module, and the actuating result can be fed back to the control module.
And (3) redesigning a charging control logic, adding an internal resistance compensation value on the basis of a reference charging voltage, calculating a voltage adjustment deviation and inputting the voltage adjustment deviation into the control logic when the deviation reference internal resistance of the controllable voltage-regulating resistor 3 exceeds a limit value, calculating a voltage-regulating instruction once in one control period, sending an analog quantity instruction to the controllable voltage-regulating resistor 3, and carrying out subsequent adjustment according to the resistance value fed back by the controllable voltage-regulating resistor 3.
Example 2.
The temperature difference between the winter and summer of a wind field in Ningxia is 30 ℃, the temperature difference between the winter and summer of a back-up power supply shell is measured to be more than 50 ℃, and the original charging control module carries out voltage fine adjustment on the output of the switching power supply according to the condition that the two sections of 10 months to 3 months and 4 months to 9 months are the winter and summer. And (3) installing an internal resistance detector, operating for one year, taking the internal resistance corresponding to 25 ℃ as a reference internal resistance, counting according to months, and measuring that the actual internal resistance fluctuates within a range of 25% -30% above and below the reference.
According to the original charging circuit, calculating the original nominal resistance with the resistance value adjusting range of 0 to 1.43 times of the controllable voltage-regulating resistor 3, selecting the original nominal resistance with the resistance value adjusting range of 0 to 1.5 times of the controllable voltage-regulating resistor 3 according to the original nominal resistance, replacing the charging circuit, and replacing the original nominal resistance with the controllable voltage-regulating resistor 3.
The charging control module based on the controllable voltage regulating resistor 3 is designed, the control period is selected to be 150ms, the dead zone is temporarily selected to be 5%, and the control program is refreshed. The device runs continuously for one year, the measured actual internal resistance deviates from the reference internal resistance by less than 6%, and the conditions of lower power supply working voltage and higher super capacitor temperature are not generated.
In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the present specification may vary from part to part, from name to name, etc., and the above description in the present specification is merely illustrative of the structure of the present invention. All equivalent or simple changes of the structure, characteristics and principle according to the inventive concept are included in the protection scope of the present patent. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions in a similar manner without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a wind turbine generator system becomes charging loop of oar super capacitor internal resistance compensation, includes two bleeder resistors and resistance, and two bleeder resistors are bleeder resistor and No. two bleeder resistors respectively, series resistance between bleeder resistor and the No. two bleeder resistors, its characterized in that: the resistor is a voltage regulating resistor, two ends of the voltage regulating resistor are connected in parallel with an internal resistance detection loop, the internal resistance detection loop is connected in parallel with the voltage regulating resistor, and a parallel circuit formed by the internal resistance detection loop and the voltage regulating resistor is connected in series between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor; the internal resistance detection loop is formed by serially connecting a super capacitor and an equivalent series resistor of the super capacitor.
2. The control method of the charging loop for internal resistance compensation of the variable pitch supercapacitor of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting voltage regulating resistor specification parameters according to the designed and selected voltage dividing resistor resistance value and the operating range of the equivalent series resistor of the super capacitor;
s2: adding a correction quantity influenced by the equivalent series resistance of the super capacitor in a charging voltage set value link, and carrying out set value correction according to the equivalent series resistance change of the super capacitor on the basis of a charging voltage set curve;
s3: and calculating a set value of the voltage dividing resistor according to the set value of the charging voltage, sending a set value instruction of the resistor, and controlling the resistance value of the voltage regulating resistor.
3. The control method of the charging loop for internal resistance compensation of the variable pitch supercapacitor of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the voltage regulating resistor receives the regulating instruction from the charging control module, executes the regulating resistance instruction and feeds back the executing result to the control module.
4. The control method of the charging loop for internal resistance compensation of the variable pitch supercapacitor of the wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: the specification parameters of the voltage regulating resistor refer to the resistance value of the voltage regulating resistorIs in the range of +.>The total voltage across the charging loop is +.>And is a fixed value, the total voltage at two ends of the voltage regulating resistor is set as a reference value +.>The equivalent series resistance reference value of the super capacitor is +.>The charging voltage at two ends of the super capacitor is +.>The initial value of the voltage regulating resistor is +.>The first voltage dividing resistor is->The second voltage dividing resistor is->Then->The relation between the two is as follows:
when (when)When the change occurs, by->Become->The charging voltage command flowing through the super capacitor should be:
wherein,and->Is related to the direction of change of>More->Elevated and->In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,increase to +.>When->More->Reduced and->In the time-course of which the first and second contact surfaces,decrease until it is reduced to +>ζ is the adjustment dead zone; after corresponding correction->Is->Calculated from the following formula:
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