CN107046294A - Combined energy storage capacity allocation method based on probability and statistics - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于概率统计的组合储能容量配置方法。所述方法包括以下步骤:先统计充电需求和放电需求,计算各充放电需求所在的容量区间,根据各容量区间内充放电需求个数对容量区间排序,根据容量区间最大值决定参考额定容量,如果参考额定容量中小容量的组合在大容量的阈值范围内,则将小容量的组合代替大容量,得到组合储能容量;然后根据各功率参考值的持续时间计算其出现概率,再基于组合容量和置信水平得到各组合储能的功率。本发明可解决实际工程中储能模块化组合的配置问题,有利于储能系统的高效运行。
The invention discloses a method for configuring combined energy storage capacity based on probability statistics. The method comprises the following steps: first counting the charging demand and the discharging demand, calculating the capacity interval where each charge and discharge demand is located, sorting the capacity intervals according to the number of charge and discharge demands in each capacity interval, and determining the reference rated capacity according to the maximum value of the capacity interval, If the combination of small capacity in the reference rated capacity is within the threshold range of large capacity, the combination of small capacity will replace the large capacity to obtain the combined energy storage capacity; then calculate its occurrence probability according to the duration of each power reference value, and then based on the combined capacity and confidence level to get the power of each combined energy storage. The invention can solve the configuration problem of energy storage modular combination in actual engineering, and is beneficial to the efficient operation of the energy storage system.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及储能组合容量配置方法,尤其涉及一种基于概率统计的组合储能容量优化配置方法。The invention relates to a method for configuring combined energy storage capacity, in particular to a method for optimally configuring combined energy storage capacity based on probability statistics.
背景技术Background technique
储能系统可以通过充放电平滑负荷的波动,这使其广泛应用于电力系统发电、配电和用电。在发电侧,传统能源的匮乏促使新能源快速发展,而以风能、太阳能为基础的新能源发电具有波动性和间歇性,其大规模并网会对电网的安全稳定运行造成影响,储能的应用很大程度上解决了这个问题。在用电侧,电网中负荷高峰的增加使输配电设备投资增大,从而使电力系统的设备利用率降低,大规模储能系统的投入是传统电网升级改造的有效途径。但由于现今储能系统的成本较高,过大的储能会导致系统投资成本过高,过小的储能则不能保证平抑效果,因此,储能容量的合理配置尤为重要。Energy storage systems can smooth load fluctuations through charging and discharging, which makes them widely used in power system generation, distribution and consumption. On the power generation side, the lack of traditional energy sources promotes the rapid development of new energy sources, while new energy generation based on wind and solar energy is volatile and intermittent, and its large-scale grid connection will affect the safe and stable operation of the grid. Apps largely solve this problem. On the power consumption side, the increase in load peaks in the power grid will increase the investment in power transmission and distribution equipment, thereby reducing the equipment utilization rate of the power system. The investment in large-scale energy storage systems is an effective way to upgrade and transform traditional power grids. However, due to the high cost of energy storage systems today, excessively large energy storage will lead to high system investment costs, and too small energy storage will not guarantee the stabilization effect. Therefore, a reasonable allocation of energy storage capacity is particularly important.
现有储能系统容量优化配置的研究中,多数以储能的总容量为优化变量。可在实际工程中,储能设备都有容量限制,储能系统一般是由多个储能模块组合而成的,选择不同的容量组合,其系统经济性是不同的,因此,如何通过不同储能模块合理的组合达到系统经济、高效地利用值得讨论,而目前在这方面的研究存在空缺。In the existing studies on the optimal configuration of energy storage system capacity, most of them take the total capacity of energy storage as the optimization variable. However, in actual engineering, energy storage equipment has capacity limitations. Energy storage systems are generally composed of multiple energy storage modules. Choosing different capacity combinations will result in different system economics. Therefore, how to use different storage modules? The reasonable combination of energy modules to achieve the economical and efficient utilization of the system is worth discussing, but there is a gap in the current research in this area.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决因储能设备容量限制而使储能组合使用的容量优化问题, 本发明提供一种组合储能容量优化方法,该方法不仅能计算组合储能的容量和功率,而且能使系统的经济性更优。In order to solve the capacity optimization problem of combined energy storage due to the capacity limitation of energy storage equipment, the present invention provides a combined energy storage capacity optimization method, which can not only calculate the capacity and power of combined energy storage, but also make the system economical Sex is better.
一种基于经济性分析的组合储能容量配置方法,所述方法包括以下步骤。A combined energy storage capacity configuration method based on economic analysis, the method includes the following steps.
1) 根据负荷需求得到储能系统的最小额定总容量和总功率:1) Obtain the minimum rated total capacity and total power of the energy storage system according to the load demand:
从t 0时刻开始的T时间段内,对于储能负荷P L,需要储能系统提供的最大放电能量E d和需要储能系统吸收的最大充电能量E c为:During the time period T starting from time t 0 , for the energy storage load PL , the maximum discharge energy E d that needs to be provided by the energy storage system and the maximum charge energy E c that needs to be absorbed by the energy storage system are:
进而,对应的储能系统额定总容量为:Furthermore, the corresponding rated total capacity of the energy storage system is:
式中,为储能系统的放电效率,为储能系统的充电效率,为变流器的效率,S max和S min分别为储能系统荷电状态上、下限;In the formula, is the discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, For the charging efficiency of the energy storage system, is the efficiency of the converter, S max and S min are the upper and lower limits of the state of charge of the energy storage system, respectively;
同理,储能系统的额定功率需要满足储能负荷的最大功率缺额P c和最大过剩功率P d,因此额定总功率P R为:Similarly, the rated power of the energy storage system needs to meet the maximum power deficit P c and the maximum excess power P d of the energy storage load, so the total rated power P R is:
。 .
2) 寻找充放电切换位置:对于储能负荷的历史数据,从t 0时刻开始T时段内,记录充电向放电切换的时间t cs和放电向充电切换的时间t ds,共记录I个时间点。2) Look for the switching position of charging and discharging : For the historical data of energy storage load, within the time period T starting from time t0 , record the switching time t cs from charging to discharging and the switching time t ds from discharging to charging, and record a total of I time points .
3) 根据切换位置,计算不同切换时间段的充电需求Q c和放电需求Q d,计算公式如下:3) According to the switching position, calculate the charging demand Q c and discharging demand Q d in different switching time periods, the calculation formula is as follows:
。 .
4) 将储能总容量E R平均分成n份,每一份的容量为,构建n个容量区间R i : 。4) Divide the total energy storage capacity E R into n parts on average, and the capacity of each part is , construct n capacity intervals R i : .
5) 计算各充放电需求所在的容量区间,统计各区间内充放电需求的个数,根据个数对各容量区间R i 进行排序,得到充放电需求个数从大到小的容量区间序列。5) Calculate the capacity interval where each charge and discharge demand is located, count the number of charge and discharge demands in each interval, sort each capacity interval R i according to the number, and obtain the sequence of capacity intervals with the number of charge and discharge demands from large to small .
6) 以容量区间中的最大值作为组合储能的最小充放电能量e,为使储能处于较好的充放电状态,设置运行充放电深度d r为0.7,则组合电池的参考额定容量e R为:e R=e/d r;则由容量区间序列S得到参考额定容量序列。6) Take the maximum value in the capacity interval as the minimum charge and discharge energy e of the combined energy storage, in order to keep the energy storage in a good charge and discharge state, set the operating charge and discharge depth d r to 0.7, then the reference rated capacity e of the combined battery R is: e R = e / d r ; then the reference rated capacity sequence is obtained from the capacity interval sequence S .
7) 设置阈值k,判断 是否可由 组合而成,若可以,则将组合把原额定容量e Ri 代替,得到组合储能容量E ’。7) Set the threshold k and judge Is it possible to If possible, replace the original rated capacity e R i with the combination to obtain the combined energy storage capacity E ' .
8) 计算各组合储能的数量:根据参考额定容量e R相近负荷出现的概率分配电池的数量,概率越大的数量越大,所有储能总容量等于储能系统最小额定总容量E R。8) Calculate the quantity of energy storage in each combination: allocate the quantity of batteries according to the probability of occurrence of loads similar to the reference rated capacity e R , the greater the probability, the larger the quantity, and the total capacity of all energy storage systems is equal to the minimum rated total capacity E R of the energy storage system.
9) 构建参考功率向量,统计在时间周期为的历史数据中P ri 持续的时间t ri ,则其出现概率为: 。9) Construct reference power vector , the statistics are in the time period of P r i duration time t r i in the historical data, then its occurrence probability for: .
10) 对于最多组合储能容量E ’中的元素E ci ,统计在历史数据中所对应的最大功率值P ci ’。10) For the elements E c i in the maximum combined energy storage capacity E ' , the statistics The corresponding maximum power value P c i ' in the historical data.
11) 设置信水平为,要求额定功率在置信水平下满足负荷功率的需求,根据P ci ’对应的对进行调整,越大越大,确定E ci 所对应的额定功率P ci 。11) Set the letter level to , requiring rated power at confidence level To meet the demand of load power, according to P c i ' corresponding right make adjustments, bigger The larger the value is, the rated power P c i corresponding to E c i is determined.
本发明的有益效果是,可以得到经济性高的组合储能配置方式,实现储能组合高效配置,且优化策略简单、实现方便。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that a highly economical combined energy storage configuration method can be obtained to realize efficient configuration of combined energy storage, and the optimization strategy is simple and easy to implement.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1是基于概率统计的储能组合容量和功率决定方法框图。Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a method for determining combined capacity and power of energy storage based on probability and statistics.
图2是负荷功率图。Figure 2 is a load power diagram.
图3是电池组合结果图。Figure 3 is a diagram of the battery combination results.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below.
1) 根据负荷需求得到储能系统的最小额定总容量和总功率:1) Obtain the minimum rated total capacity and total power of the energy storage system according to the load demand:
从t 0时刻开始的T时间段内,对于储能负荷P L,需要储能系统提供的最大放电能量E d和需要储能系统吸收的最大充电能量E c为:During the time period T starting from time t 0 , for the energy storage load PL , the maximum discharge energy E d that needs to be provided by the energy storage system and the maximum charge energy E c that needs to be absorbed by the energy storage system are:
进而,对应的储能系统额定总容量为:Furthermore, the corresponding rated total capacity of the energy storage system is:
式中,为储能系统的放电效率,为储能系统的充电效率,为变流器的效率,S max和S min分别为储能系统荷电状态上、下限;In the formula, is the discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, For the charging efficiency of the energy storage system, is the efficiency of the converter, S max and S min are the upper and lower limits of the state of charge of the energy storage system, respectively;
同理,储能系统的额定功率需要满足储能负荷的最大功率缺额P c和最大过剩功率P d,因此额定总功率P R为:Similarly, the rated power of the energy storage system needs to meet the maximum power deficit P c and the maximum excess power P d of the energy storage load, so the total rated power P R is:
。 .
2) 寻找充放电切换位置:对于储能负荷的历史数据,从t 0时刻开始T时段内,记录充电向放电切换的时间t cs和放电向充电切换的时间t ds,共记录I个时间点。2) Look for the switching position of charging and discharging : For the historical data of energy storage load, within the time period T starting from time t0 , record the switching time t cs from charging to discharging and the switching time t ds from discharging to charging, and record a total of I time points .
3) 根据切换位置,计算不同切换时间段的充电需求Q c和放电需求Q d,计算公式如下:3) According to the switching position, calculate the charging demand Q c and discharging demand Q d in different switching time periods, the calculation formula is as follows:
。 .
4) 将储能总容量E R平均分成n份,每一份的容量为,构建n个容量区间R i : 。4) Divide the total energy storage capacity E R into n parts on average, and the capacity of each part is , construct n capacity intervals R i : .
5) 计算各充放电需求所在的容量区间,统计各区间内充放电需求的个数,根据个数对各容量区间R i 进行排序,得到充放电需求个数从大到小的容量区间序列。5) Calculate the capacity interval where each charge and discharge demand is located, count the number of charge and discharge demands in each interval, sort each capacity interval R i according to the number, and obtain the sequence of capacity intervals with the number of charge and discharge demands from large to small .
6) 以容量区间中的最大值作为组合储能的最小充放电能量e,为使储能处于较好的充放电状态,设置运行充放电深度d r为0.7,则组合电池的参考额定容量e R为:e R=e/d r。则由容量区间序列S得到参考额定容量序列。6) Take the maximum value in the capacity interval as the minimum charge and discharge energy e of the combined energy storage, in order to keep the energy storage in a good charge and discharge state, set the operating charge and discharge depth d r to 0.7, then the reference rated capacity e of the combined battery R is: e R = e / d r . Then the reference rated capacity sequence is obtained from the capacity interval sequence S .
7) 设置阈值k,判断 是否可由 组合而成,若可以,则将组合把原额定容量e Ri 代替,得到组合储能容量E ’。7) Set the threshold k and judge Is it possible to If possible, replace the original rated capacity e R i with the combination to obtain the combined energy storage capacity E ' .
8) 计算各组合储能的数量:根据参考额定容量e R相近负荷出现的概率分配电池的数量,概率越大的数量越大,所有储能总容量等于储能系统最小额定总容量E R。8) Calculate the quantity of energy storage in each combination: allocate the quantity of batteries according to the probability of occurrence of loads similar to the reference rated capacity e R , the greater the probability, the larger the quantity, and the total capacity of all energy storage systems is equal to the minimum rated total capacity E R of the energy storage system.
9) 构建参考功率向量,统计在时间周期为的历史数据中P ri 持续的时间t ri ,则其出现概率为: 。9) Construct reference power vector , the statistics are in the time period of P r i duration time t r i in the historical data, then its occurrence probability for: .
10) 对于最多组合储能容量E ’中的元素E ci ,统计在历史数据中所对应的最大功率值P ci ’。10) For the elements E c i in the maximum combined energy storage capacity E ' , the statistics The corresponding maximum power value P c i ' in the historical data.
11) 设置信水平为,要求额定功率在置信水平下满足负荷功率的需求,根据P ci ’对应的对进行调整,越大越大,确定E ci 所对应的额定功率P ci 。11) Set the letter level to , requiring rated power at confidence level To meet the demand of load power, according to P c i ' corresponding right make adjustments, bigger The larger the value is, the rated power P c i corresponding to E c i is determined.
储能组合容量和容量决定算法框图如图1所示。The block diagram of energy storage combination capacity and capacity determination algorithm is shown in Figure 1.
以某地区实际一年的负荷数据为例,假设在储能的运行年限内,负荷变化情况与该年一致。Taking the actual year's load data in a region as an example, it is assumed that within the operating life of the energy storage, the load change is consistent with that year.
根据所提出方法,仿真得到的电池组合方式共有1024种,在这1024种中根据经济性选出最优的组合方式。优化结果如图3所示,图中分别为电池组合的容量、功率和每种电池的数量。According to the proposed method, a total of 1024 battery combinations are obtained through simulation, and the optimal combination is selected according to the economy among these 1024 kinds. The optimization results are shown in Figure 3, where the capacity, power and the number of each type of battery are shown in the figure.
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