CN107044937B - Tension torsion extensometer with spherical bearing linkage - Google Patents
Tension torsion extensometer with spherical bearing linkage Download PDFInfo
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- CN107044937B CN107044937B CN201710242421.9A CN201710242421A CN107044937B CN 107044937 B CN107044937 B CN 107044937B CN 201710242421 A CN201710242421 A CN 201710242421A CN 107044937 B CN107044937 B CN 107044937B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0021—Torsional
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
- G01N2203/0635—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means using magnetic properties
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pull-torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage, which is characterized in that: the electric vortex range finder comprises an upper machine body plate, a lower machine body plate, ceramic thimble, a middle shaft rod, a horizontal induction piece, a vertical induction piece and an electric vortex range finder, wherein the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate are arranged in parallel, the ceramic thimble is fixedly installed at the front ends of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate respectively, spherical bearings corresponding to the installation positions of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate are arranged at the two ends of the middle shaft rod respectively and fixed with inner sleeves of the spherical bearings of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate, the horizontal induction piece and the vertical induction piece are arranged at the tail part of the upper machine body plate or the tail part of the lower machine body plate, and the horizontal electric vortex range finder and the vertical electric vortex range finder which correspond to the horizontal induction piece and the vertical induction piece respectively are arranged at the tail part of the upper machine body plate or the lower machine body plate. The invention has scientific and reasonable structural design, adopts the spherical bearing to bear the displacement in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, and can realize the length deformation measurement in the axial direction and the angle deformation measurement in the circumferential direction of the measured object.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tests of material performance tests, and particularly relates to a pull-torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage.
Background
Extensometer is an instrument that measures the deformation of a line between two points of a member and other objects. In the tension torsion test, the axial length of the sample is changed and the circumferential torsion is generated, in the process, the distance between two measuring points of the sample is changed, the change is caused by the combination of the tension and the torsion, the deformation which is simply caused by the tension or the torsion is required to be measured in the test, and the extensometer is required to complete the length deformation measurement in the axial direction and the angle deformation measurement in the circumferential direction. The existing extensometer can only collect the deformation amount of axial stretching, and cannot measure the torsion angle deformation generated simultaneously. In addition, when detecting the measured component in the high-temperature test box, the conventional range finder can cause the problem of inaccurate measurement data due to high temperature.
Therefore, a technical scheme is hoped to realize the length deformation measurement in the axial direction and the angle deformation measurement in the circumferential direction of the measured object. And the deformation of the material in the tension-torsion test in a high-temperature environment can be measured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a pull-torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage, which can realize the length deformation measurement of a measured object in the axial direction and the angle deformation measurement in the circumferential direction.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal:
a pull-torsion extensometer with spherical bearing linkage is characterized in that: the electric vortex range finder comprises an upper machine body plate, a lower machine body plate, ceramic thimble, a middle shaft rod, a horizontal induction piece, a vertical induction piece and an electric vortex range finder, wherein the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate are arranged in parallel, the ceramic thimble is fixedly installed at the front ends of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate respectively, spherical bearings corresponding to the installation positions of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate are arranged at the two ends of the middle shaft rod respectively and fixed with inner sleeves of the spherical bearings of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate, the horizontal induction piece and the vertical induction piece are arranged at the tail part of the upper machine body plate or the tail part of the lower machine body plate, and the horizontal electric vortex range finder and the vertical electric vortex range finder which correspond to the horizontal induction piece and the vertical induction piece respectively are arranged at the tail part of the upper machine body plate or the lower machine body plate.
The ceramic thimble is clamped in the arc-shaped grooves formed in the front ends of the upper body plate and the lower body plate, and is clamped and fixed through the baffle plate.
The baffle is a minor arc bridge baffle.
The middle part of the middle shaft lever is fixedly provided with a horizontal strut.
The middle shaft rod is positioned at the center of the integral horizontal length of the ceramic thimble and the upper and lower fuselage plates.
And positioning pin holes are formed at two ends of the middle shaft rod, horizontally correspond to the positioning pin holes on the upper and lower fuselage plates, and are positioned through positioning pins.
The horizontal induction piece is fixedly connected with the upper fuselage plate or the lower fuselage plate in parallel through the isolation column.
The horizontal electric vortex distance measuring device and the vertical electric vortex distance measuring device are fixedly arranged at the tail end of the upper machine body plate or the tail end of the lower machine body plate through vertical supports.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the pull-torsion extensometer with the spherical bearing linkage adopts the spherical bearing to bear the displacement in the circumferential direction and the axial direction simultaneously, during the test, the ceramic thimble is firstly contacted with the sample, and the ceramic thimble is tightly contacted with the sample by applying a pretightening force on the frame, so that the thimble tip cannot generate relative movement with the sample measuring point in the measuring process; in the test process, the tension-torsion machine applies axial tensile load and circumferential torsion load to the sample, so that the sample is deformed, and the distance between two measuring points is changed; because the needle points of the two thimble and the two measuring points are kept relatively static, the thimble moves along with the measuring points, so that the displacement of the measuring points is converted into the movement of the extensometer; thereby realizing the length deformation measurement of the measured object in the axial direction and the angle deformation measurement in the circumferential direction.
2. The invention relates to a pull-torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage, which is characterized in that a ceramic thimble is clamped in arc grooves formed at the front ends of an upper body plate and a lower body plate and is clamped and fixed by a baffle plate, a minor arc bridge baffle plate and a corresponding fastener can enable the thimble to be fixed on the body plate without generating annular and axial displacement, and the ceramic thimble can transmit the displacement deformation of the thimble to the upper body plate and the lower body plate, thereby causing signal acquisition between a tail vertical vortex distance meter, a horizontal vortex distance meter and corresponding sensing sheets.
3. The invention relates to a pull torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage, wherein a horizontal strut is fixedly arranged in the middle of a middle shaft lever, and the horizontal strut is connected with a frame of a pull torsion machine to bear the weight of the extensometer when in use, and simultaneously bears the pretightening force applied by a frame pretightening device and transmits the pretightening force to an extensometer thimble, so that the extensometer thimble is fixed on a sample, the relative movement between the extensometer thimble and a sample measuring point is avoided, and the accuracy is improved.
4. The invention relates to a pull-torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage, wherein a middle shaft rod is positioned at the center of the integral horizontal length of a ceramic thimble and an upper and a lower fuselage plate, the middle shaft rod part is used as the middle pivot of the extensometer, and the fuselage plate of the extensometer is used as a lever, so that the measured data is not scaled.
5. The invention relates to a pull torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage, wherein two ends of a middle shaft lever are provided with positioning pin holes which are horizontally corresponding to the positioning pin holes on an upper machine body plate and a lower machine body plate and are positioned through positioning pins, in the installation process, the rotation of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate of the extensometer can cause certain difficulty for the installation of the extensometer, the positioning pins are adopted to position the middle shaft lever and the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate, and then the extensometer is installed with a pull torsion machine, and the positioning pins are taken out for testing after the installation, so that the testing process is easier to operate.
6. The ceramic thimble of the pull-torsion extensometer with the spherical bearing linkage is a high-temperature resistant ceramic thimble, and can be directly contacted with a high-temperature sample, and the electric vortex range finder for measurement is arranged at the rear end of an upper extensometer or a lower fuselage plate and is far away from a high-temperature environment, so that the measurement of the high-temperature sample is realized.
7. The spherical bearing linkage tension-torsion extensometer uses the electric vortex range finder to replace the traditional strain gauge structure, eliminates the multiaxial strain gauge extremely sensitive to the installation precision and the temperature, and selects the electric vortex range finder with smaller installation requirement and environmental requirement. The electric vortex distance measuring device is subjected to accuracy, sensitivity and linearity verification, and a distance with good linearity is selected as the installation distance.
8. The invention has scientific and reasonable structural design, adopts the spherical bearing to bear the displacement in the circumferential direction and the axial direction simultaneously, can realize the length deformation measurement in the axial direction and the angle deformation measurement in the circumferential direction of the measured object, adopts the high-temperature-resistant ceramic thimble and the electric vortex range finder, has smaller installation requirement and environmental requirement, and is suitable for the measurement of high-temperature samples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the extensometer of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the tail end of the extensometer of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-ceramic thimble, 2-middle shaft lever, 3-upper fuselage plate, 4-isolation column, 5-horizontal induction piece, 6-vertical bracket, 7-vertical induction piece, 8-vertical eddy current distance meter, 9-locating pin, 10-lower fuselage plate, 11-cover plate, 12-spherical bearing, 13-horizontal strut, 14-baffle, 15-horizontal eddy current distance meter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting in any way.
A pull-torsion extensometer with a spherical bearing linkage comprises an upper machine body plate 3, a lower machine body plate 10, a ceramic thimble 1, a middle shaft rod 2, a horizontal induction piece 5, a vertical induction piece 7 and an electric vortex range finder, wherein the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate are arranged in parallel, the front ends of the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate are respectively and fixedly provided with a ceramic thimble, and the spherical bearings 12 are arranged on the upper machine body plate and the lower machine body plate at corresponding positions. The upper end surface and the lower end surface of the spherical bearing are fixedly connected with the upper machine body plate or the lower machine body plate through a cover plate 11. The two ends of the middle shaft rod are respectively fixed with the inner sleeves of the spherical bearings of the upper and lower fuselage plates, the tail part of the upper fuselage plate or the lower fuselage plate is provided with a horizontal induction piece and a vertical induction piece, and the tail part of the upper fuselage plate or the lower fuselage plate is provided with a horizontal eddy current distance meter 15 and a vertical eddy current distance meter 8 which respectively correspond to the horizontal induction piece and the vertical induction piece.
The ceramic thimble is clamped in an arc-shaped groove formed at the front ends of the upper and lower body plates and is clamped and fixed by a baffle 14. The baffle is a minor arc bridge baffle. The minor arc bridge baffle and the corresponding fasteners can enable the thimble to be fixed on the fuselage plate without generating annular and axial displacement, and the ceramic thimble can transmit the displacement deformation of the thimble to the upper fuselage plate and the lower fuselage plate, thereby causing signal acquisition between the tail vertical vortex distance measuring device, the horizontal vortex distance measuring device and the corresponding sensing piece.
The middle part of the middle shaft lever is fixedly provided with a horizontal strut 13. When the device is used, the device is connected with the rack of the tension torsion machine to bear the weight of the extensometer, and simultaneously bears the pretightening force applied by the rack pretightening device and transmits the pretightening force to the ejector pin of the extensometer, so that the extensometer is fixed on a sample, the ejector pin of the extensometer and the measuring point of the sample are prevented from generating relative movement, and the accuracy is improved.
The middle shaft lever is positioned at the center of the integral horizontal length of the ceramic thimble and the upper and lower fuselage plates. The horizontal induction piece is fixedly connected with the upper fuselage plate or the lower fuselage plate in parallel through the isolation column 4. The horizontal electric vortex distance measuring device and the vertical electric vortex distance measuring device are fixedly arranged at the tail end of the upper fuselage plate or the lower fuselage plate through the vertical support 6.
The two ends of the middle shaft lever are provided with positioning pin holes which correspond to the positioning pin 9 holes Xiang Shuiping on the upper and lower fuselage plates and are positioned by the positioning pins. Because of the flexibility of the spherical bearing, in the installation process, the rotation of the upper and lower extensometer body plates can cause a certain difficulty for the installation of the extensometer, so a locating pin 9 is designed, a coaxial locating pin hole is respectively formed at the matching position of the middle shaft rod and the extensometer body plates, the extensometer body plates can not rotate any more when being installed by inserting the locating pin, and the locating pin is pulled out after the installation is completed, so that the measurement is performed.
When in testing, the ceramic thimble is firstly contacted with the sample, and a pre-tightening force is applied by the frame to enable the ceramic thimble to be in close contact with the sample, so that the thimble needle point can not generate relative movement with the sample measuring point in the measuring process; in the test process, the tension-torsion machine applies axial tensile load and circumferential torsion load to the sample, so that the sample is deformed, and the distance between two measuring points is changed; because the needle points of the two thimble and the two measuring points are kept relatively static, the thimble moves along with the measuring points, so that the displacement of the measuring points is converted into the movement of the extensometer; thereby realizing the length deformation measurement of the measured object in the axial direction and the angle deformation measurement in the circumferential direction.
The extensometer body plate is used as a lever, the middle shaft rod is used as a fulcrum of the lever, and the spherical bearing can realize the characteristic of rotating around multiple shafts, so that the lever structure formed by the extensometer body plate and the middle shaft rod of the spherical bearing can realize the rotation in a vertical plane and a horizontal plane. Because the ceramic thimble center and the measuring point are relatively static, the change of the opening angle of the two thimbles in the vertical plane corresponds to the change of the length of the measuring point in the axial direction, and the change of the opening angle of the two thimbles in the horizontal plane corresponds to the change of the rotating angle of the measuring point in the circumferential direction. Then, through the lever mechanism, the motion of the two thimbles is transmitted to the rear half part of the machine body plate, so that the position change among the horizontal induction piece, the vertical induction piece, the horizontal eddy current distance meter and the vertical eddy current distance meter is caused, the specific displacement change is measured, and the axial deformation and the circumferential deformation of the first two measuring points can be obtained through a series of calculation.
Because of the flexibility of the spherical bearing, in the installation process, the rotation of the upper and lower extensometer body plates can cause a certain difficulty for the installation of the extensometer, so a locating pin 9 is designed, a coaxial locating pin hole is respectively formed at the matching position of the middle shaft rod and the extensometer body plates, the extensometer body plates can not rotate any more when being installed by inserting the locating pin, and the locating pin is pulled out after the installation is completed, so that the measurement is performed.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and thus the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments and the disclosure of the drawings.
Claims (5)
1. A pull-torsion extensometer with spherical bearing linkage is characterized in that: the device comprises an upper body plate, a lower body plate, ceramic thimble, a middle shaft rod, a horizontal induction piece, a vertical induction piece and an electric vortex distance meter, wherein the upper body plate and the lower body plate are arranged in parallel, the front ends of the upper body plate and the lower body plate are respectively and fixedly provided with the ceramic thimble, the upper body plate and the lower body plate are respectively provided with spherical bearings corresponding to the installation positions, the two ends of the middle shaft rod are respectively fixed with inner sleeves of the spherical bearings of the upper body plate and the lower body plate, the tail part of the upper body plate or the lower body plate is provided with the horizontal induction piece and the vertical induction piece, and the tail part of the upper body plate or the lower body plate is provided with the horizontal electric vortex distance meter and the vertical electric vortex distance meter respectively corresponding to the horizontal induction piece and the vertical induction piece; the ceramic thimble is clamped in an arc-shaped groove formed at the front ends of the upper body plate and the lower body plate and is clamped and fixed through a baffle plate; the baffle is a minor arc bridge baffle; the middle part of the middle shaft lever is fixedly provided with a horizontal strut.
2. A spherical bearing linked tension-torsion extensometer according to claim 1 wherein: the middle shaft rod is positioned at the center of the integral horizontal length of the ceramic thimble and the upper and lower fuselage plates.
3. A spherical bearing linked tension-torsion extensometer according to claim 1 wherein: and positioning pin holes are formed at two ends of the middle shaft rod, horizontally correspond to the positioning pin holes on the upper and lower fuselage plates, and are positioned through positioning pins.
4. A spherical bearing linked tension-torsion extensometer according to claim 1 wherein: the horizontal induction piece is fixedly connected with the upper fuselage plate or the lower fuselage plate in parallel through the isolation column.
5. A spherical bearing linked tension-torsion extensometer according to claim 1 wherein: the horizontal electric vortex distance measuring device and the vertical electric vortex distance measuring device are fixedly arranged at the tail end of the upper machine body plate or the tail end of the lower machine body plate through vertical supports.
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| CN201710242421.9A CN107044937B (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2017-04-13 | Tension torsion extensometer with spherical bearing linkage |
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| CN201710242421.9A CN107044937B (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2017-04-13 | Tension torsion extensometer with spherical bearing linkage |
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| CN107044937B true CN107044937B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108195665B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2023-09-12 | 天津大学 | Extensometer for high Wen Shanzhou experiment |
| CN109945787A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-28 | 吉林大学 | Parasitic type digital guide extension meter |
| CN112729102B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-05-27 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Electronic equipment and folding angle detection method thereof |
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