CN107044829A - A kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle - Google Patents
A kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle Download PDFInfo
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- CN107044829A CN107044829A CN201710160167.8A CN201710160167A CN107044829A CN 107044829 A CN107044829 A CN 107044829A CN 201710160167 A CN201710160167 A CN 201710160167A CN 107044829 A CN107044829 A CN 107044829A
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011551 heat transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle, including：Closed stainless steel outer barrel, triangle copper coin (1), vertical metal bar (2) and horizontal metal bar (3)；Triangle copper coin (1) is isosceles triangle, and triangle copper coin (1) is inverted in upper center in stainless steel outer barrel, and vertical metal bar (2) upper end is fixedly connected with the drift angle below triangle copper coin (1)；Lower end is connected with horizontal metal bar (3) the inner, and stainless steel outer tube inner wall is fixed in horizontal metal bar (3) outer end；At the drift angle of the side-lower of triangle copper coin (1) one strain groove is provided with along center position vertical direction, strain and strain Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG2) is installed in groove, strain and be provided with temperature groove above the triangle copper coin (1) of groove at base, temperature groove installs optical fiber temperature Bragg grating (FBG1).It is not easily susceptible to that electromagnetic interference, anti lightning ability be strong, null offset is convenient removes, so being well suited for monitoring stress and strain in crust signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor and seismological observation field, more particularly to a kind of high-precision light based on curved line trangle
Fine grating changing sensor.
Background technology
The huge earthquake of destructive power is usually associated with the loss of property and the injures and deaths of personnel, therefore to the monitoring meaning of earthquake
It is great.Earth's crust internal structure campaign and its areal deformation act on closely bound up with crustal stress, and the change of crustal stress states is to lead
The basic reason for causing fault rupture, earthquake, fold and other geological disasters to produce, therefore have important to the monitoring of crustal strain
Meaning.In the observational data of crustal strain, change comprising crustal deformation, stress field, the earth tide influence of the sun and the moon
With warning signs of an earthquake information, in the geophysical research such as seismological observation and earthquake prediction, earth elasticity and earth free vibration
Play an important role, be that we recognize THE EARTH INTERIOR PHYSICS change procedure and understand the important channel of geological disaster mechanism.
Major way for monitoring stress and strain in crust state is Borehole strain observation.Deformeter is arranged on subterrane
Drilling in, drilling depth, to hundreds of meters, by the lasting monitoring of drilling strain gauge and is recorded in lower crust typically in tens of rice
The change of portion's ess-strain, these data are for analyzing daily crustal motion and holding the change of earthquake's period stress and strain in crust
Feature and rule provide substantial amounts of research data.
At present, mainly there are liquid level type volume type, hydraulic volume type, all solid state volume type, electric capacity in borehole strain instrument
Formula etc., these deformeters use electric sensor mostly, can preferably monitor the state change of stress and strain in crust, but electricity
Measuring method has such as being vulnerable to that electromagnetic interference, anti lightning ability be weak, null offset is difficult, limit should
The development that power Detection Techniques become more meticulous.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle, with spirit
Sensitivity is big compared with high, dynamic range, wavelength self-reference, the features such as be easily achieved wavelength-division multiplex.It is not easily susceptible to electromagnetic interference, anti lightning
Ability is strong, null offset is convenient removes, so being well suited for monitoring stress and strain in crust signal.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle, including：Closed stainless steel outer barrel, three
Angular copper coin 1, vertical metal bar 2 and horizontal metal bar 3；
Triangle copper coin 1 is isosceles triangle, and two sides are the arc of indent, and triangle copper coin 1 is inverted in outside stainless steel
Stainless steel outer tube inner wall is fixed at upper center in cylinder, two base angles of the top of triangle copper coin 1；
Vertical metal bar 2 is located at stainless steel outer barrel center, and upper end is fixedly connected with the drift angle of the lower section of triangle copper coin 1；Lower end
It is connected with horizontal the inner of metal bar 3, stainless steel outer tube inner wall is fixed in the horizontal outer end of metal bar 3；
It is provided with strain groove, strain groove and installs along center position vertical direction at the drift angle of the side-lower of triangle copper coin 1 one
Optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2 is strained, temperature groove is provided with the top base of triangle copper coin 1 for straining groove, temperature groove installs temperature
Optical fiber bragg grating FBG 1.
The endoporus of thread bush 4 is fixed at described 1 liang of base angle of triangle copper coin, and thread bush 4 is connected through a screw thread and stainless steel
Outer barrel endoporus is fixed.
Described stainless steel outer barrel includes base 5, sleeve 6 and capping 7；Base 5 is connected through a screw thread solid respectively with capping 7
Due to the upper and lower ends of sleeve 6.
Fiber coupler ring flange 8 is set in described capping 7, and fiber coupler ring flange 8 installs fibre-optical splice.
Handle 9 is set in described capping 7.
Described vertical metal bar 2 uses indium Steel material with horizontal metal bar 3.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, it is provided in an embodiment of the present invention a kind of based on curl triangle
The high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor of shape, optical fiber is a kind of SiO in itself2Material, so determining that optical fiber is a kind of chemistry
Property is highly stable, with stronger anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and material safety is corrosion-resistant, to electric insulation, therefore is suitable for
In the adverse circumstances such as high temperature, high pressure, chemical attack.Optical fiber grating sensing is in addition to having the advantages that general fibre optical sensor, also
With sensitivity is big compared with high, dynamic range, wavelength self-reference, the features such as be easily achieved wavelength-division multiplex.Be not easily susceptible to electromagnetic interference,
Anti lightning ability is strong, null offset is convenient removes, so being well suited for monitoring stress and strain in crust signal.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, being used required in being described below to embodiment
Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, on the premise of not paying creative work, other can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is that the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on curved line trangle is shown
It is intended to one；
Fig. 2 is that the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on curved line trangle is shown
It is intended to two；
Fig. 3 is the triangle of the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on curved line trangle
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG mounting structure figure on shape copper coin；
Fig. 4 is optical fiber Bragg grating sensing schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the change piece of the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on curved line trangle
The result of stress analysis is carried out with numerical simulation software.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
The embodiment of invention, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle, for earthquake
The measurement of stress and strain in crust state in observation, is specifically included：Closed stainless steel outer barrel, triangle copper coin 1, vertical metal bar
2 with horizontal metal bar 3；Stainless steel outer barrel includes base 5, sleeve 6 and capping 7；Base 5 is connected through a screw thread solid respectively with capping 7
Due to the upper and lower ends of sleeve 6, junction can fill sealing ring or sealant, realize closed.Optical fiber is set in described capping 7
Coupler ring flange 8, fiber coupler ring flange 8 installs fibre-optical splice.Fiber coupler ring flange 8 can use square optical fiber
Coupler ring flange FC-FC, to install fibre-optical splice, such as wire jumper extension butt joint.
Handle 9, easy disassembly are set in described capping 7.Triangle copper coin 1 is isosceles triangle, and two sides are indent
Arc, triangle copper coin 1 is inverted in upper center in stainless steel outer barrel, and two base angles of the top of triangle copper coin 1 are fixed on stainless
Steel outer tube inner wall；Can directly be welded and fixed, in this example, screw thread is fixed at specific described 1 liang of base angle of triangle copper coin
4 endoporus are covered, thread bush 4 is connected through a screw thread to be fixed with stainless steel outer barrel endoporus.And by capping 7 compress, and can lid 7 with
Sealing gasket 10 is set between thread bush 4.This mode can effectively fix triangle copper coin 1, prevent it from rocking.
Described vertical metal bar 2 and horizontal metal bar 3 use indium Steel material, and indium steel is also referred to as invar alloy, invar, because of steel, no
Swollen steel, invar, 4J36, no expansion alloy can be also simply referred to as having very under Invar, the i.e. ferroalloy containing 35.4% nickel, normal temperature
Low thermal coefficient of expansion (between -20 DEG C~20 DEG C, about 1.6 × 10-6/ DEG C of its average value), the king for being known as metal is accurate instrument
The indispensable structural material of device equipment.Indium steel poor thermal conductivity, thermal coefficient of expansion is small, it is to avoid ambient temperature effect measurement result.
Vertical metal bar 2 is located at stainless steel outer barrel center, and upper end is fixedly connected with the drift angle of the lower section of triangle copper coin 1, can directly welded
It is fixed；Lower end is connected with horizontal the inner of metal bar 3, can be directly welded and fixed；The horizontal outer end of metal bar 3 is fixed in stainless steel outer barrel
Wall, can directly be welded and fixed.
At the drift angle of the side-lower of triangle copper coin 1 one along center position vertical direction be provided with strain groove (do not represented in figure,
Below optical fiber), strain groove is interior to install strain optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2, because the set location of strain groove is triangle copper coin
The place of 1 dependent variable relative maximum, this strain optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2 is used as strain grating record strain data；Strain groove
The top base of triangle copper coin 1 at be provided with temperature groove (not represented in figure, below optical fiber), temperature groove installs optical fiber temperature cloth
Glug grating FBG 1, because the set location of temperature groove is the relatively small place of the dependent variable of triangle copper coin 1, optical fiber temperature cloth
Glug grating FBG 1 will not be influenceed by the deformation of triangle copper coin 1, and institute is for measurement temperature.It is one to strain groove or temperature groove
Shallower fluting, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is put into groove, tenses Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, the side welded using low-melting glass
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is fixed in groove by formula.This is that prior art does not do excessive description.Generally first pass through eutectic spot welding light
Fine Bragg grating, after after fusion point completely cooling, reconnects vertical metal bar 2 and horizontal metal bar 3 etc..
Specifically have as shown in figure 3, sensor probe configuration, that is, triangle copper coin 1 are a kind of strains of homogeneous texture
To stress sensitive at piece, the strain groove of the foil gauge, the position of measuring strain is used as；And temperature groove is not stressed influence conduct
Temperature-compensating.Two Fiber Bragg Grating FBGs are respectively adhered on by this two parts by low-melting glass welding, optical fiber cloth is strained
The change of the sensing strain of glug grating FBG 2, the change of the temperature sensor of optical fiber temperature bragg grating FBG 1.
Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (fiber Bragg grating, FBG), fiber grating is to utilize the photosensitive of fiber optic materials
Property, i.e., the permanent change of refractive index is caused by germanium particle interaction in extraneous incident photon and fibre core, in fiber core
The space phase grating of periodic distribution is set up in interior vertically, it is substantially that formation can be attached to specific wavelength in fibre core
Light in nearly certain bandwidth plays a part of reflecting or is lost.
Fiber-optic grating sensor is a kind of typical wavelength modulate typed sensor.Sensing process based on fiber grating is logical
Extraneous parameter is crossed to the modulation of centre wavelength to obtain heat transfer agent.Fiber Bragg Grating FBG is one kind of fiber grating, its
Reflex, in brief, Fiber Bragg Grating FBG can be played to the light near the specific wavelength of incident light in certain bandwidth
It is exactly a kind of to play the optical fiber of sensing effect.
Optical fiber Bragg grating sensing principle
The sensing process of fiber grating is to obtain heat transfer agent, optical fiber to the modulation of centre wavelength by extraneous parameter
Bragg grating can play reflex to the light near the specific wavelength of incident light in certain bandwidth, its center reflection wavelength
λBIt is represented by：
λB=2neffΛ
In above formula, neffFor the effective refractive index of fibre core；Λ is screen periods.
It was found from the Bragg equation of fiber grating, its center reflection wavelength depends on grating period A and effective refractive index
neff, any physical quantity for making the two parameters change will all cause the drift of centre wavelength.Cause wave length shift all
Extraneous factor in, be most directly strain and temperature parameters.Reflected wavelength lambdaBWith strain and the offset Δ λ of temperatureBFor：
In above formula, Pe, ξ, α be respectively optical fiber elasto-optical coefficient, thermo-optical coeffecient and thermal coefficient of expansion.
It can be seen that the sensor of measurement temperature and strain can be made in Fiber Bragg Grating FBG from above formula.But from
Another angle sees that temperature and strain can cause wave length shift, so to measure the physical quantity relevant with strain, just needing
Carry out corresponding temperature-compensating.
Optical fiber Bragg grating sensing principle, as shown in figure 4,
When a branch of wideband light source travels to Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, grating just only can reflect a kind of specific wavelength
Light wave, this wavelength is referred to as bragg wavelength, and this characteristic just makes Fiber Bragg Grating FBG only reflect a kind of light of specific wavelength
Ripple, and the light wave of other wavelength all can transmissive.When grating is acted on by external physical field, such as temperature, ess-strain,
The pitch of its grating changes therewith, so as to change the wavelength of back reflected laser.According to the solution of back wave wavelength variable quantity
Tune is assured that the corresponding physical field variable quantity of detected part.
High precision optical fiber grating changing sensor monitoring principle based on curved line trangle
The sensor is in drilling, and couplant is used as by special cement, when having solid tide or earthquake preparation
During the crustal extension deformation that process is brought, the sleeve 6 of the stainless steel outer barrel in drilling can be produced extruding to cause sleeve 6
Deformation, this deformation will be delivered to the strain regions of the triangle copper coin 1 of curl by horizontal metal bar 3 and vertical metal bar 2, result in
The deformation of triangle copper coin 1, so that the strain deformation of optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2, and cause to strain Fiber Bragg Grating FBG
FBG2 wave length shift.Simultaneously, optical fiber temperature bragg grating FBG 1 is not influenceed by the deformation of triangle copper coin 1, its
The drift of wavelength is only related to temperature.
In structure, the connection end of triangle copper coin 1 and horizontal metal bar 3 and vertical metal bar 2 can keep good fixed effect.
Because the grating material of two Fiber Bragg Grating FBGs is identical, therefore their elasto-optical coefficient, thermo-optical coeffecient and thermal coefficient of expansion
All same.Meanwhile, two fiber gratings are all fitted on the good copper sheet metal of thermal conductivity, the temperature of two fiber gratings
All same, therefore Δ T values are also equal.
If the centre wavelength of optical fiber temperature bragg grating FBG 1 is λB1, because it only receives the influence of temperature, have
If the centre wavelength for straining optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2 is λB2, due to its simultaneously strained and temperature influence,
So
Upper two formula is subtracted each other and can obtained
Thus, then strain stress can be obtained according to the drift situation of two gratings.
It can then be demarcated by shake table, determine the corresponding relation between seismic wave and grating strain amount.
It is by the foil gauge fortune of the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle of the present invention such as Fig. 5
The result of stress analysis is carried out with numerical simulation software.Power is perpendicular to the loading of the plane of triangle copper coin 1 and is triangle copper coin 1
At inferior horn, the stress that the conversion of the depth of the color in figure represents loading causes the size of deformation quantity to triangle copper coin 1.Under
It is supreme to represent dependent variable from large to small from shallow to deep.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art is in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle, it is characterised in that including：Closed is stainless
Steel outer barrel, triangle copper coin (1), vertical metal bar (2) and horizontal metal bar (3)；
Triangle copper coin (1) is isosceles triangle, and two sides are the arc of indent, and triangle copper coin (1) is inverted in outside stainless steel
Stainless steel outer tube inner wall is fixed at two base angles above upper center in cylinder, triangle copper coin (1)；
Vertical metal bar (2) is located at stainless steel outer barrel center, and upper end is fixedly connected with the drift angle below triangle copper coin (1)；Lower end
It is connected with horizontal metal bar (3) the inner, stainless steel outer tube inner wall is fixed in horizontal metal bar (3) outer end；
It is provided with to install in strain groove, strain groove along center position vertical direction at the drift angle of the side-lower of triangle copper coin (1) one and answers
Become Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG2), strain and be provided with temperature groove above the triangle copper coin (1) of groove at base, temperature groove installs temperature
Spend Fiber Bragg Grating FBG (FBG1).
2. the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor according to claim 1 based on curved line trangle, it is characterised in that
Thread bush (4) endoporus is fixed at the described base angle of triangle copper coin (1) two, thread bush (4) be connected through a screw thread with outside stainless steel
Cylinder endoporus is fixed.
3. the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor according to claim 1 or 2 based on curved line trangle, its feature exists
In described stainless steel outer barrel includes base (5), sleeve (6) and capping (7)；Base (5) passes through screw thread respectively with capping (7)
It is connected and fixed on sleeve (6) upper and lower ends.
4. the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor according to claim 3 based on curved line trangle, it is characterised in that
Fiber coupler ring flange (8) is set in described capping (7), and fiber coupler ring flange (8) installs fibre-optical splice.
5. the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor according to claim 3 based on curved line trangle, it is characterised in that
Handle (9) is set in described capping (7).
6. the high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor according to claim 1 or 2 based on curved line trangle, its feature exists
In described vertical metal bar (2) uses indium Steel material with horizontal metal bar (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710160167.8A CN107044829B (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2017-03-17 | A kind of high precision optical fiber grating changing sensor based on curved line trangle |
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| CN107044829B CN107044829B (en) | 2019-07-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111174898A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-05-19 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Vibrating wire type wide-frequency fiber laser vibration sensor and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111174898A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-05-19 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Vibrating wire type wide-frequency fiber laser vibration sensor and application thereof |
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