CN107043642B - A kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device - Google Patents
A kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107043642B CN107043642B CN201710161033.8A CN201710161033A CN107043642B CN 107043642 B CN107043642 B CN 107043642B CN 201710161033 A CN201710161033 A CN 201710161033A CN 107043642 B CN107043642 B CN 107043642B
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- storage heater
- annular burner
- oil component
- removal device
- component removal
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal devices, belong to biomass energy utilization technologies field, including annular burner and storage heater, the annular burner is located at the lower section of storage heater, diffusion combustion area is formed between annular burner and storage heater, the annular burner includes shell, and the shell is equipped with air inlet and air outlet, and the air inlet is connected with tapered cavity.The present invention has and can form stable temperature field, makes tar component cracking removal, not only can be to avoid furnace external combustion gas washing bring secondary pollution, but also the advantages of can make full use of the energy of tar component.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal devices, belong to biomass energy utilization technologies field, especially
It is suitable for the devices using pyrolysis method removing tar.
Background technique
Biomass energy be in the renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, water energy uniquely containing carbon source, can store and transport
Renewable energy.Biomass energy has many advantages, such as that distribution is wide, reserves are big, renewable, and Efficient Development is using biomass energy to guarantor
Barrier national energy security, reduction greenhouse gas emission all plays a significant role and realistic meaning.
In biomass gasification process, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in biomass can thermally decompose to generate biomass
Tar.Biomass coke tar is a kind of complex compound being made of fragrant hydrocarbons and their derivates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, be can analyze
Component just up to more than 100 kinds, be difficult to determine there are also many ingredients.Wherein mass fraction is greater than about 7 kinds of 5%, is respectively
Benzene, naphthalene, toluene, dimethylbenzene, styrene, phenol and indenes.For biomass coke tar at 200 DEG C the following are liquid, 300 DEG C or more are in gaseous state,
Small molecule permanent gases can be resolved at high temperature.Main problem existing for tar includes: that 1, tar accounts for combustible gas energy
5%~10%, it is difficult to be burned utilization together with combustion gas at low temperature, waste is serious；2, tar condenses into liquid at low temperature, easily
It is combined together with water, carbon granules etc., blocks gas pipeline, block valve, corrode metal；3, tar is difficult to completely burned, and produces
The particles such as raw carbon black damage gas-fired equipment serious；4, the product generated after tar and its burning is harmful to human body.Thus
As it can be seen that the tar in combustible gas has sizable harmfulness, it is the biggest obstacle of gasification of biomass application, biomass coke tar is asked
One of inscribe always domestic and international primary study and solve the problems, such as.
Tar removal methods common at present can be divided into physics removal method and heat chemistry removal method, and wherein physics removal method is adopted
With more including wet process (wet-dry change) and dry method two major classes.Wet type decoking method is also referred to as WATER-WASHING METHOD, and being will be in combustible gas with water
Part tar take away.This method there are the shortcomings that have: one, be easy entrainment liquid mist in combustion gas, be not easy to trap in tar clean；
Two, it can only use at a lower temperature, equipment, liquids recovery and circulator are huge, and power consumption is larger；Three, contain tar
Waste liquid mist carry out subsequent processing, difficulty is big, at high cost, easily causes secondary pollution.Dry method decoking is to avoid wet purification band
Come water pollution problems and use filtering technique purifying gas method, still, clean-up effect is bad in engineer application, tar
Deposition is seriously and the filtrate of adherency tar is difficult to handle.
Heat chemistry removal method is to make tar that a series of chemical reaction occur under certain reaction condition, makes macromolecular
Tar conversion improves the conversion ratio and utilization rate of biomass at the valuable gases of small molecule, mainly includes pyrolysis method and catalysis
Cracking process.Catalystic pyrolysis refers in a certain temperature conditions, by the effect of catalyst, make tar destruction in combustion gas at
The gas of small molecule.The catalytic pyrolysis of tar is a complicated reaction process, and in existing industrial application, catalytic pyrolysis is general
It requires to increase independent cracking reaction system, thus considerably increases equipment investment.Pyrolysis method refer at high temperature
At micro-molecular gas, pyrolysis method needs just obtain higher transfer efficiency at 800 DEG C or more tar destruction, still, existing
Have in industrial application, when thermal cracking is difficult to form stable temperature field, and tar removal effect is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
It to solve the above technical deficiency, can the present invention provides a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device
Stable temperature field is formed, 98% or more tar component in combustion gas is enable to remove.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device, including annular burner and
Storage heater, the annular burner are located at the lower section of storage heater, diffusion combustion area are formed between annular burner and storage heater,
The annular burner includes shell, and the shell is equipped with air inlet and air outlet, and the air inlet is connected with tapered sky
Chamber.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the shell includes inner and outer wall, the inner and outer wall eccentric setting,
The tapered cavity is between inner and outer wall.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: between the furnace diameter D of eccentric distance e and gasification furnace between the inner and outer wall
Relationship be e=kD,
As furnace diameter D < 800mm, k value is 0.05；
When the range of furnace diameter D is 800≤D < 1500mm, k value is 0.08；
When the range of furnace diameter D is 1500≤D < 2500mm, k value is 0.12；
When the range of furnace diameter D is 2500≤D < 4000mm, k value is 0.15.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the air outlet is connected with discharge pipe and lower discharge pipe, the upper outlet air
Pipe is obliquely installed upward, and lower discharge pipe is downwardly inclined setting, and the lower discharge pipe and upper discharge pipe are equipped with valve.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the upper discharge pipe is arranged along housing tip interval, the lower discharge pipe edge
The setting of housing bottom interval.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the storage heater is formed by the bottom-up masonry of refractory brick, same level
It is described to pass through gap interlaced arrangement in the height direction there are by gap between interior adjacent refractory brick.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the storage heater includes outer recuperation layer and interior recuperation layer, the work of storage heater
800~1200 DEG C of temperature, gas stay time is 0.5~2s in the storage heater.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the height of the storage heater is 600~1000mm, the annular burner
Height is 100~300mm, and the height in the diffusion combustion area is 400~600mm.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the height of the storage heater is 800mm, and the height of annular burner is
200mm, the height in diffusion combustion area are 500mm, and the shell is made of high temperature resistant steel plate.
Technical solution of the present invention further include: the annular burner and storage heater are mounted on inside gasification furnace, the ring
The furnace body of shape burner and storage heater and gasification furnace is coaxial.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: being learnt through researching and analysing, the combustion case pair of gasifying agent and combustion gas in cracker
There is larger impact, the especially uniformity coefficient of cracker internal temperature in the coke tar cracking temperature field of formation, for combustion gas
In everywhere tar whether can crack simultaneously completely have larger impact.For this purpose, annular burner is devised, it can be in radial direction
Upper (namely in the combustion space of cracker) provides multiple gasification agent outlets, and, it can be ensured that positioned at the more of different location
The gasifying agent flow velocity of a outlet is identical.When work, gasifying agent is entered in annular burner by air inlet, passes through progressive diminution later
Annular space sprayed in the air outlet of annular burner different location, due to the presence in space tapered in annular burner,
The flow velocity of gasifying agent in annular burner can be interfered and be adjusted, make that outlet air on each position of annular burner is arranged in
The gasifying agent flow velocity of mouth is identical, and then forms the combustion gas being evenly distributed and gasification agent composition；The smaller part of height of injection later
The combustion gas of tar content forms stable burning, the cigarette of generation in the diffusion combustion area between annular burner and storage heater
Enter storage heater in gas and furnace after combustion gas mixing, 98% or more the coke in the case where storage heater forms high-temperature temperature field action, in combustion gas
Oil ingredient is removed, and tar component cracking, which becomes small molecule, can not coagulate combustible gas, and tar content is lower than 20mg/Nm3Combustion gas
It discharges out of the furnace.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic front view of annular burner of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of annular burner of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic front view of storage heater of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic top plan view of storage heater of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is scheme of installation of the invention.
In figure: 1, annular burner, 11, air inlet, 12, upper discharge pipe, 13, lower discharge pipe, 14, shell, 15, tapered
Cavity, 2, diffusion combustion area, 3, storage heater, 31, refractory brick, 32, outer recuperation layer, 33, interior recuperation layer, 34, pyrolysis cylinder, 10, split
Solve device, 100, gasification furnace, 101, material inlet, 102, carbon outleting port, 103, fire grate, 104, gasifying agent import, 105, combustion gas goes out
Mouthful.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention is further illustrated by the examples.
A kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device of the invention is mainly used for using pyrolysis method removing tar
Device forms stable temperature field by the device of annular burner and storage heater composition, goes tar component cracking
It removes, not only can be to avoid furnace external combustion gas washing bring secondary pollution, but also the energy of tar component can be made full use of.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, tar component removal device in biological fuel gas of the invention, including 1 He of annular burner
The lower section that storage heater 3, and arranging from low to high, i.e. annular burner 1 are located at storage heater 3.
Diffusion combustion area 2 is formed between annular burner 1 and storage heater 3, in most cases, the height in diffusion combustion area 2
Degree design is in 400~600mm, and to guarantee that combustion gas is maintained under the flowing velocity of 0.1~0.4m/s, the oxygen that sufficiently will be fed into fires
Burn down complete, maintenance response intensity.For example, the height that can design diffusion combustion area 2 is 500mm, i.e., at the top of annular burner 1 and store
Hot 3 bottom level direction interval height of device is 500mm.
As shown in fig. 6, when tar cracking device 10 of the invention is mounted on the furnace interior of gasification furnace 100, it can be by ring
Shape burner 1 is fixed on gasification stove internal wall face, also, keeps annular burner 1 and gasification furnace body coaxial.Annular burner 1 designs
At including shell 14, which is made of high-temperature steel plate material, and shell 14 is equipped with air inlet 11 and air outlet, air inlet
11 are connected with tapered cavity 15.Specifically, the height of annular burner 1 is designed in 100~300mm, to guarantee annular firing
1 upper and lower level air compartment of device and the closed butt joint of standard size air supply duct.
The shell 14 of annular burner 1 includes the inner and outer wall of eccentric setting, i.e., annular burner 1 is by eccentric setting
Outer circle and inner circle are constituted, wherein and outer circle and gasification furnace body are coaxial, and the section of annular burner 1 can be the air hose of rectangle, or
It is designed to circle or comprising arc segment, selects rectangle in the present embodiment, have the advantages that site welding is easy for installation.Annular firing
The top and bottom end of device 1 are evenly equipped with 10~30 upper discharge pipes 12 and lower discharge pipe 13 respectively.Wherein, the upper discharge pipe 12 on top
Upward, downward, the upper discharge pipe being obliquely installed upwards belongs to normal combustion state air feed for the inclination of lower discharge pipe 13 of bottom end for inclination,
Some gases are made to burn in diffusion combustion area upwards, it is more abundant that inclination makes air feed form swirl flow combustion；Tilt down setting
Lower discharge pipe is in order to which igniting is used when malcombustion or in the early stage, is the bed of material below burner, and downward air duct can be with
Ignite the bed of material material formed open fire so that the gas in diffusion combustion area ignites.Specifically, in lower discharge pipe 13 and upper discharge pipe
12 are equipped with the valve of its opening and closing of control.
When specific design, there are ratios by the furnace diameter D of the inner circle of annular burner 1 and the eccentric distance e of outer circle and gasification furnace 100
Relationship, referring in particular to table 1:
Table 1-- chooses table based on the eccentricity of furnace diameter range
When work, 1 air inlet of annular burner is connected with the outer air supply device of furnace, and gasifying agent is by passing through annular firing outside furnace
The upper and lower discharge pipes of the top and bottom ends of device 1 sprays into furnace, the annular space inside annular burner 1 from nearly furnace external air inlet port extremely
Progressive diminution at remote furnace external air inlet port, i.e., form tapered cavity 15, to guarantee each outlet air of its top and bottom ends inside shell 14
The flow velocity that gasifying agent at pipe sprays into furnace is essentially identical, conducive to stable combustion flame is formed.Also, burner is designed to
Annular, and different location designs multiple air outlets on annular burner, conducive to uniform gasifying agent is sprayed into everywhere in furnace, with
The gasifying agent and fuel gas mixture being evenly distributed are formed, quickly in furnace inner space conducive to stable temperature field is formed.
As shown in fig. 6, when tar cracking device 10 of the invention is mounted on the furnace interior of gasification furnace 100, by accumulation of heat
Device 3 is fixed on gasification stove internal wall face, also, keeps storage heater 3 and gasification furnace body coaxial.The storage heater 3 is good by heat storage performance
Refractory brick 31 is bottom-up to be built, when masonry, there are by gap between adjacent refractory brick 31 in same level, and
And gap interlaced arrangement in the height direction should be passed through, to increase the contact area of combustion gas and storage heater, improve coke tar cracking effect
Fruit.The height of storage heater 3 is designed in 600~1000mm, and operating temperature is at 800~1200 DEG C, in practice it has proved that when temperature field temperature
When greater than 800 DEG C, the tar in combustion gas starts fast decoupled in large quantities, but when temperature field temperature is more than 1200 DEG C, and can fire
Excessive gas quantity is burnt up, fuel gases calorific value is declined.And within this temperature range under, combustion gas stop 0.5~2s can split
In combustion gas 98% or more tar component is solved, biological fuel gas of the tar content lower than 20mg/Nm3 is formed and discharges out of the furnace.
The influence of different temperatures operating condition and residence time to tar content in biological fuel gas is shown in Table 2.
The influence of table 2-- different temperatures operating condition and residence time to tar content in biological fuel gas
In addition, gas stay time design is existed in the benefit of 0.5~2s, gas stay time is lower than 0.5s, and tar is split
Solution is not enough；Higher than 2s, then remaining micro tar component is difficult to further crack, and it is excessively huge to will lead to equipment.
Specifically, storage heater 3 includes outer recuperation layer 32 and interior recuperation layer 33, and heat-accumulating and-keeping effect is good.
When work, biomass material is added from the material inlet 101 of gasification furnace 100, by pyrolysis cylinder 34 to whereabouts, and
Pyrolytic reaction occurs with the gasifying agent burning being added from gasifying agent import 104, after the completion of pyrolysis, charcoal, band is discharged from carbon outleting port 102
There is the combustion gas of tar to first pass through cracker upwards to remove tar, last combustion gas is discharged from gas outlet 105.To tar into
When row cracking, after gasifying agent sprays into furnace, can in the smaller part of gasification furnace of injection high tar content combustion gas, in annular firing
Space between device 1 and storage heater 3 forms diffusion combustion area 2, enters storage heater 3 in the flue gas and furnace of generation after combustion gas mixing,
Under the high-temperature temperature field action that storage heater 3 is formed, 98% or more tar component in combustion gas is removed, and tar component is split
Solution, which becomes small molecule, can not coagulate combustible gas, and tar content is lower than 20mg/Nm3Combustion gas discharge out of the furnace.
Comparison of tar content is shown in Table 3 in the combustion gas for not using the gasification furnace of apparatus of the present invention to produce with other:
Table 3-- difference biomass gasification device generates tar content comparison in combustion gas
| Serial number | The type of furnace | Tar content (mg/Nm3) | Remarks |
| 1 | Uniflow gas stove | 210 | |
| 2 | Down-draft type gasifying furnace | 106 | |
| 3 | Using apparatus of the present invention gasification furnace | 18 |
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does limitation in any form to the present invention, all at this
Done any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention within the spirit and principle of invention
Within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device, it is characterised in that: including annular burner (1) and storage heater (3),
The annular burner (1) is located at the lower section of storage heater (3), and diffusion combustion is formed between annular burner (1) and storage heater (3)
It burns area (2), the annular burner (1) includes shell (14), and the shell (14) is equipped with air inlet (11) and air outlet, institute
It states air inlet (11) and is connected with tapered cavity (15)；The shell (14) includes inner and outer wall, and the inner and outer wall is inclined
Heart setting；Relationship between the furnace diameter D of eccentric distance e and gasification furnace (100) between the inner and outer wall is e=kD,
As furnace diameter D < 800mm, k value is 0.05；
When the range of furnace diameter D is 800≤D < 1500mm, k value is 0.08；
When the range of furnace diameter D is 1500≤D < 2500mm, k value is 0.12；
When the range of furnace diameter D is 2500≤D < 4000mm, k value is 0.15.
2. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tapered sky
Chamber (15) is between inner and outer wall.
3. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the air outlet connects
It is connected to discharge pipe (12) and lower discharge pipe (13), the upper discharge pipe (12) is obliquely installed upward, and lower discharge pipe (13) is downward
It is obliquely installed, the lower discharge pipe (13) and upper discharge pipe (12) are equipped with valve.
4. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the upper discharge pipe
(12) it is arranged along shell (14) top interval, the lower discharge pipe (13) is arranged along shell (14) bottom end interval.
5. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as described in Claims 1-4 is any, it is characterised in that: described
Storage heater (3) is formed by the bottom-up masonry of refractory brick (31), and there are pass through between adjacent refractory brick (31) in same level
Gap, it is described to pass through gap interlaced arrangement in the height direction.
6. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the storage heater
It (3) include outer recuperation layer (32) and interior recuperation layer (33), 800~1200 DEG C of the operating temperature of storage heater (3), the storage heater
(3) interior gas stay time is 0.5~2s.
7. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the storage heater
(3) height is 600~1000mm, and the height of the annular burner (1) is 100~300mm, the diffusion combustion area (2)
Height be 400~600mm.
8. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the storage heater
(3) height is 800mm, and the height of annular burner (1) is 200mm, and the height of diffusion combustion area (2) is 500mm, the shell
Body (14) is made of high temperature resistant steel plate.
9. a kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular firing
Device (1) and storage heater (3) are mounted on gasification furnace (100) inside, the annular burner (1) and storage heater (3) and gasification furnace
(100) furnace body is coaxial.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710161033.8A CN107043642B (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2017-03-17 | A kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710161033.8A CN107043642B (en) | 2017-03-17 | 2017-03-17 | A kind of biomass gas tar oil component removal device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107043642A CN107043642A (en) | 2017-08-15 |
| CN107043642B true CN107043642B (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101560409A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-21 | 安徽喜阳阳新能源科技有限公司 | Cracking type biomass gasifier in tar furnace |
| CN201746516U (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-02-16 | 重庆大学 | High-temperature solid fuel gasifier |
| CN102000691B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-07-10 | 徐州浩通新材料科技股份有限公司 | Two-stage plasma gasifying, melting and cracking method and device of waste containing organic matters |
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Effective date of registration: 20211103 Address after: 250014 312, office building of Energy Institute, No. 19 Keyuan Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Shandong Shanke Environmental Resources Co.,Ltd. Address before: 250014 No. 19, ASTRI Road, Lixia District, Shandong, Ji'nan Patentee before: ENERGY Research Institute OF SHANDONG ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |
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