CN107035403A - A kind of non-explosion-proof flexible transport method in high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel - Google Patents
A kind of non-explosion-proof flexible transport method in high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107035403A CN107035403A CN201611145692.4A CN201611145692A CN107035403A CN 107035403 A CN107035403 A CN 107035403A CN 201611145692 A CN201611145692 A CN 201611145692A CN 107035403 A CN107035403 A CN 107035403A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 134
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VIEYMVWPECAOCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-amino-4-(chloromethyl)chromen-2-one Chemical compound ClCC1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 VIEYMVWPECAOCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 101100382265 Mus musculus Ca15 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ventilation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of tunnel construction, more particularly to high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel flexible transport method.This method comprehensive utilization following steps are carried out：Tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step, tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction step, Coal Seam Prone To Outburst gas drainage under suction protrusion-dispelling process step, Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal construction procedure, Forecast of Gas Emission and rate-determining steps, constructing tunnel gas monitor monitoring step, and the gas tunnel watt car locking step that the signal according to obtained by tunnel gas detects monitoring step is carried out.The present invention can purchase the expense of antiknock device again without disposable input, and the cost of flexible transport is substantially reduced, makes it compared with rail travel, with employment is few, special equipment is few, motor-driven, efficient, high yield advantage.And heretofore described every mature technology is not only simple integrated application, but organically combine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of tunnel construction, more particularly to high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel flexible transport side
Method.
Background technology
Flexible transport has many good qualities, and is widely used in constructing tunnel.But applied in high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel
In work, because of safety, the influence of economic and technical three aspect factor, the application of flexible transport is subject to certain restrictions all the time.
《Railway tunnel construction specification》Provided in (TB 10204-2002) 14.1.5：" high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel
Construction equipment, it is necessary to using motor machine, rail travel and its supporting construction machinery ".The regulation is substantially prohibited
The use of flexible transport mode in high methane and Gas Outburst constructing tunnel by power of diesel internal combustion equipment.
Abrogated in iron Jian She ﹝ No. 23 files of 2009 ﹞ of issue on 2 25th, 2009《Railway tunnel construction specification》(iron
2002 ﹞ of Jian She ﹝ 24), instead《Railway tunnel work construction technology guide》(TZ204-2008) only require using anti-
Quick-fried equipment, " rail travel " must be used by no longer expressly providing.Although《Railway tunnel work construction technology guide》(TZ204-
2008)、《Super-long railway tunnel technical specification》(TB 10120-2002) and《Design of Railway Tunnel specification》(TB10003-2005)
In, the regulation of rail travel must be used by not making high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel, also not disabled certainly " flexible transport "
Regulation.But enter the requirement that hole equipment must be explosion-proof and do not have any change.
Although the explosion-proof technology of trackless internal combustion apparatus is ripe, and is also successfully answered in underground coal mine production
Use case.But it is due to the reason for cost is high, energy consumption is big, the explosion-proof trackless internal combustion that constructing tunnel is not generally applicable to also is set
It is standby, flexible transport is difficult to popularization and application in high methane and Gas Outburst constructing tunnel.
It therefore, it can from both direction research and develop to solve this problem, one is that research and development are applied to the explosion-proof of constructing tunnel
Trackless internal combustion apparatus；Two be application skill of the non-explosion-proof flexible transport equipment of research in high methane and Gas Outburst constructing tunnel
Art.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel
Non- explosion-proof flexible transport method, this method comprehensive utilization following steps are carried out：
Tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step,
Tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction step,
Coal Seam Prone To Outburst gas drainage under suction protrusion-dispelling process step,
Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal construction procedure,
Forecast of Gas Emission and rate-determining steps,
Constructing tunnel gas monitor monitoring step,
And the gas tunnel watt car locking step that the signal according to obtained by tunnel gas detects monitoring step is carried out.
It is preferred that, described tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction include non coal measures stratum gas advanced prediction；Described
Non coal measures stratum gas advanced prediction is specifically：
By analyzed area geologic information, gas-bearing formation law of development is grasped, and according to tomography, anticline to gas-bearing formation shadow
Ring, determine Tunnel Passing gas-bearing formation position, forward probe gas development position is carried out with reference to advance geologic probing；
From geology angle, close according to rock stratum sequence, thickness, occurrence and its with the locus of tunnel main track, service gallery
System, calculates development mileage of the gas-bearing formation in tunnel trunk place on line；
Data is surveyed according to design and announcement effusion gas rock stratum length has been excavated and attitude of rocks calculating outlet stratum is true
Real thickness, data is surveyed according to design and excavation section formation geology situation judges the prediction section attitude of rocks and important symbol layer
Position；
Calculate according to outlet formation strata actual thickness, the forecast section attitude of rocks and important symbol layer position and do not excavate ground
Section effusion position of stratum.
It is preferred that, described tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction include coal-bed gas advanced prediction；Described coal seam watt
This advanced prediction is specifically：First with geologic survey and mapping means, determine tunnel disclose coal measure strata substantially in
Journey, then the position that coal seam is developed is further determined that by TSP, it is then more accurate using face sketch, advance geologic probing
The position in ground forecast coal seam and thickness, while carrying out gas monitor.
It is preferred that, described Coal Seam Prone To Outburst gas drainage under suction protrusion-dispelling processing is specifically：, will before coal seam is opened in tunnel
Drill site is located in the stone head of driving or in excavated surface, latticed drilling is laid on palisades or excavation face, by boring
Drilled by palisades or excavate towards coal seam and run through that coal seam is entirely thick, then pass through watt in the advance extraction coal measure strata that drills
This, belongs to the gas drainage under suction of non-pressure released seam.
It is preferred that, described Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal construction is according to " advance geologic probing → early stage outburst hazard
First three probing of prediction → conceptual design → advance support → exposed coal and outburst hazard prediction → exposed coal excavation → preliminary bracing
→ aqueous vapor discharge → secondary lining " program is constructed, and tunnel coal seam is opened safely.
It is preferred that, described Forecast of Gas Emission and control is specifically：According to the basic law of coal seam coal gas dynamics and
Field measurement Gas explosion burns, draw rib and coal breakage gas emission Emission Law, and according to Gas Emission Law and its influence
Aggregate measures for the control gas outburst amount that factor is determined, and by during flexible transport muck removal, gas density control 0.3% with
Under, and by gas emission control in 0.35m3/ below min.
It is preferred that, described constructing tunnel gas monitor monitoring step is specifically：In constructing tunnel, gas monitoring system with
CH4、CO、H2S、CO2It is monitored, prevents in work progress, You Haiqi for index Deng wind speed in the concentration of pernicious gas and hole
Bulk concentration, which transfinites, causes disaster, to ensure construction safety and being normally carried out for constructing；According to pernicious gas in the tunnel monitored
Concentration, corresponding technical measures are taken in time；According to gas concentration in the whole tunnel monitored, muck removal is determined
Haulage vehicle enters the hole time, scientific organization construction production, by the gas density and wind speed of monitoring section, monitors gas emission
Size and its change.
It is preferred that, described gas tunnel watt car locking step is：Using watt car locking of all antiknock device itself
System, the system is installed on internal-combustion engine vehicle, is monitored in real time in its internal combustion engine ambient air with a watt car block sytem
Gas density, when environment gas density exceedes alarm limits, system sends sound and light alarm；If gas density continues to raise, surpass
Cross after power-off higher limit, monitoring system, which sends vehicle automatic fuel cut-off power down control signal and automatically powered off to the internal combustion engine of vehicle, to be put out
Fire, and control internal combustion engine can not start vehicle before sound and light alarm releasing；Environment gas density must be worked as and be reduced to safe limit
It is worth after following alarm release, the internal combustion apparatus can be again started up.
It is preferred that, when described watt of car block sytem includes the onboard system being installed on internal-combustion engine vehicle and maintenance, debugging
The system maintenance used and administrative center；Communicated to connect between onboard system and system maintenance and administrative center；
The system maintenance is made up of with configuration management center centralized computer, system software, data transmission interface, for setting
Put, debugging system configuration parameter and control logic；
Described onboard system includes：Gas-monitoring host power supply, control substation, sensor, audible-visual annunciator, electronics put out
Fiery device, breaker device；The gas-monitoring host power supply is an independent current source individually powered for onboard system, not by car
Circuit system interference, it is ensured that the continuity and promptness of watt car block sytem work；It is described control substation be installed on driver's cabin,
Machine base or side and driver's cabin and railway carriage junction etc.；Sensor is installed on ventilation at the top of driver's cabin；All devices
Make to reinforce and installed with shockproof；
The control substation is data acquisition process and the logic control center of system, is responsible for from sensor collection environment ginseng
Number, and result is subjected to judgement processing according to the control logic designed by system maintenance and administrative center's software, according to configuration side
Case exports the control signal such as alarm and power-off when detecting exception；Control substation is also equipped with entering row data communication with administrative center
Function, receive the configuration logical order assigned of administrative center and the data of collection can be sent to administrative center and supervised in real time
Survey debugging；Alarm is used to receive the alarm signal that detection control apparatus is sent, and sends sound and light alarm prompting, sends in advance pre-
It is alert；Electronic flameout apparatus, breaker device be used for receive control substation signal when necessary to non-explosion-proof combustion engine vehicle power-off,
It is flame-out.
It is preferred that, described tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step includes：It is connected with blower fan control system with gas monitoring system, shape
Into automatic energy saving ventilated control system；According to the Monitoring Data of gas monitoring system, automatic adjustment blower fan operating frequency in real time,
Make the blast, air quantity that blower fan produces on the premise of construction requirement is met, the energy conservation state in optimum frequency all the time is real
Show gas tunnel air feed on demand, while saving energy consumption；
Also include Tunnel Blasting smoke evacuation required airflow to determine as follows, and utilize blower fan control system adjustment explosion smoke evacuation
Air quantity：
Wherein：
Q --- explosion smoke evacuation working face required airflow (m3/min)；
T --- ventilation time (min)；
G --- while the explosive charge (kg) of explosion；
B --- the CO amounts (L/kg) that every kilogram of explosive is produced, conventional explosive CO yields can be inquired about according to existing literature, typically
B=40L/kg is taken, b=100L/kg is taken when running into coal seam；
Basal area (the m of A --- tunnel excavation2)；
L0--- ventilation length (m)；
Pq--- the ratio between air pipeline whole story end air quantity in ventilation length sections；
Ca--- it is required that the CO concentration (%) reached, i.e. CMAX。
Beneficial effect：The present invention can purchase the expense of antiknock device again without disposable input, by flexible transport
Cost is substantially reduced, and makes it compared with rail travel, with employment is few, special equipment is few, motor-driven, efficient, high yield advantage.And
Heretofore described every mature technology is not only simple integrated application, but organically combines.
It is embodied in：By forecasting technique before coal and gas overpressure, coal-bed gas has carried out Exact Forecast, is gas drainage under suction
Accurate geologic parameter is provided with exposed coal construction；Gas drainage under suction extinction technological achievement is employed in construction, gas is effectively eliminated and dashes forward
Go out danger, reduce difficulty of construction；In coal measure strata construction is passed through, using exposed coal construction technology achievement, ensureing construction peace
Entirely, on the premise of quality and progress, coal measure strata is passed through safely；By using gas monitor technology in construction, it is ensured that gas
The continuity and promptness of monitoring, take gas exceeding limit prophylactico-therapeutic measures to provide foundation, are provided for safe construction in time for construction
Ensure；By using Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal aeration technology achievement, making the gas density of coal measure strata construction period is had
Effect control, and energy-saving ventilating air technology is rationally incorporated, while safe and reliable construction environment is provided for construction production, section
About divulge information energy consumption；Using flexible transport technological achievement, accelerate travelling speed, shorten the cycle operation time, increase economic efficiency simultaneously
Ensure the construction safety in Gas Outburst tunnel.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is watt car block sytem structural representation of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of the onboard system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the control principle drawing of watt car block sytem of the invention；
The decompression tube arrangement schematic diagram of Fig. 4 present invention.
Embodiment
The non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel of the present invention, this method comprehensive utilization following steps
Carry out：Tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step, tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction step, the processing of Coal Seam Prone To Outburst gas drainage under suction protrusion-dispelling
Step, Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal construction procedure, Forecast of Gas Emission and rate-determining steps, constructing tunnel gas monitor monitoring step
Suddenly, and according to tunnel gas detect the gas tunnel watt car locking step that monitoring step gained signal is carried out.Even if above-mentioned each
Step is all combined using prior art, and the present invention can be avoided using antiknock device, and reduction equipment deadweight is whether equipped
Purchase cost or use cost and energy consumption will all be significantly reduced.The cost of flexible transport is substantially reduced, and makes itself and rail travel
Compare, with employment is few, special equipment is few, motor-driven, efficient, high yield advantage.And heretofore described every mature technology
Simple integrated application is not only, but is organically combined；Prejudice of the prior art is overcome, it is off the beaten track, start non-anti-
The beginning of application of the quick-fried flexible transport equipment in high methane and Gas Outburst constructing tunnel.
Wherein, described tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction include non coal measures stratum gas advanced prediction, are specifically：It is logical
Analysis areal geology data is crossed, gas-bearing formation law of development is grasped, and gas-bearing formation is influenceed according to tomography, anticline, tunnel is determined
Road passes through gas-bearing formation position, and forward probe gas development position is carried out with reference to advance geologic probing.From geology angle, according to rock
Layer by layer sequence, thickness, occurrence and its with tunnel main track, the spatial relation of service gallery, calculate gas-bearing formation in Tunnel
The development mileage of body place on line.Data is surveyed according to design and announcement effusion gas rock stratum length and attitude of rocks meter has been excavated
Gas stratum actual thickness is calculated, data is surveyed according to design and excavation section formation geology situation is judged to predict the section attitude of rocks
And important symbol layer position.Calculated according to outlet formation strata actual thickness, the forecast section attitude of rocks and important symbol layer position
Go out not excavate location effusion position of stratum.
Can also be perfect, described tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction include coal-bed gas advanced prediction；It is described
Coal-bed gas advanced prediction be specifically：First with geologic survey and mapping means, determine that tunnel discloses coal measure strata
Substantially mileage, then the position that coal seam is developed is further determined that by TSP, then using face sketch, advance geologic probing
Position and the thickness in coal seam are more accurately forecast, while carrying out gas monitor.
Described Coal Seam Prone To Outburst gas drainage under suction protrusion-dispelling is handled：Before coal seam is opened in tunnel, drill site is set
In the stone head of driving or in excavated surface, latticed drilling is laid on palisades or excavation face, is passed through by drill site
Palisades or excavation are drilled towards coal seam and run through that coal seam is entirely thick, then by the gas in the advance extraction coal measure strata that drills, and are belonged to
In the gas drainage under suction of non-pressure released seam.Its principle is to utilize air negative pressure, by tunnel and drilling-draining not by mining influence or
Without the gas in the artificial coal seam for loosening release, the outburst hazard in coal seam is eliminated.
Described Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal construction is according to " advance geologic probing → early stage outburst hazard prediction → side
First three probing of case design → advance support → exposed coal is arranged with outburst hazard prediction → exposed coal excavation → preliminary bracing → aqueous vapor
Put → secondary lining " program constructed, and tunnel coal seam is opened safely.
Wherein aqueous vapor is discharged for example：According to design drawing main tunnel and the flat K127+710 to K127+850 that leads for Gas Outburst
Section, two sections of each extension 100m are gas protection extension location.In Gas Outburst and protection extension location, aqueous vapor exhaust system is set.
(1) decompression tube
After the completion of preliminary bracing, often locate to arrange 3 decompression tubes 1 by the upward 3m positions of main tunnel side gutter 3 in flat lead, often locate
Spacing 10m.Decompression tube is managed using φ 70mmPVC, every length 9m, and 5mm holes, spacing 10cm × 10cm, quincunx cloth are bored in periphery
Put, pipe end is connected into the longitudinal Permeable blind pipes 2 of φ 150mm, by aqueous vapor separation chamber and φ 200mm drawing-off gas coating steel pipes along horizontal hole
Discharge outside hole.See Fig. 4.
(2) put down and lead and main tunnel blind pipe system
Using the water and gas in totally-enclosed composite lining bounded formation, while being arranged using two sets of independent drainings and gas
The outer blind pipe draining of place system, i.e. hole inner edge ditch water discharge system and lining cutting, gas-removing system.Main tunnel underground water discharge path：It is permeable
Longitudinal blind pipe → (waterproof longitudinal blind pipe) → aqueous vapor separation chamber → hole medial sulcus；The emission path of the pernicious gases such as gas：Thoroughly
Water longitudinal direction blind pipe → (waterproof longitudinal blind pipe) → aqueous vapor separation chamber → drawing-off gas pipe is discharged into air；It is flat to lead underground water discharge road
Footpath：Permeable longitudinal blind pipe → waterproof longitudinal blind pipe → aqueous vapor separation chamber → hole medial sulcus；This grade noxious gas emission of flat guide shoe
Path：Permeable longitudinal blind pipe → waterproof longitudinal blind pipe → aqueous vapor separation chamber → drawing-off gas pipe is discharged into air.
(3) aqueous vapor separation chamber
Gas-vapor mix body is after separation in tunnel main tunnel, and φ 200mm drawing-off gas of the methane gas through being arranged in hole is zinc-plated
Steel pipe leads to earth's surface concentration out of horizontal hole and is discharged into air.
Described Forecast of Gas Emission and control be specifically：According to the basic law and field measurement of coal seam coal gas dynamics
Gas explosion burns, draw rib and coal breakage gas emission Emission Law, and determine according to Gas Emission Law and its influence factor
Control gas outburst amount aggregate measures, and by during flexible transport muck removal, gas density is controlled below 0.3%, and will
Gas emission is controlled in 0.35m3/ below min.
Described constructing tunnel gas monitor monitoring step is specifically：In constructing tunnel, gas monitoring system is with CH4、CO、
H2S、CO2It is monitored, prevents in work progress, harmful gas concentration for index Deng wind speed in the concentration of pernicious gas and hole
Transfinite and cause disaster, to ensure construction safety and being normally carried out for constructing；According to the concentration of pernicious gas in the tunnel monitored
Size, takes corresponding technical measures in time；According to gas concentration in the whole tunnel monitored, muck removal transport vehicle is determined
Enter the hole time, scientific organization construction production passes through the gas density and wind speed of monitoring section, monitors the size of gas emission
And its change.
Described gas tunnel watt car locking step is：, should using watt car block sytem of all antiknock device itself
System is installed on internal-combustion engine vehicle, and the gas monitored in real time with watt car block sytem in its internal combustion engine ambient air is dense
Degree, when environment gas density exceedes alarm limits, system sends sound and light alarm；If gas density continues to raise, more than power-off
After higher limit, monitoring system send vehicle automatic fuel cut-off power down control signal automatically powered off to the internal combustion engine of vehicle it is flame-out, and
Control internal combustion engine can not start vehicle before sound and light alarm releasing；Environment gas density must be worked as and be reduced to report below safety limit
After alert releasing, the internal combustion apparatus can be again started up.
Preferably as described in Figure 1, described watt of car block sytem include the onboard system being installed on internal-combustion engine vehicle and
The system maintenance used when safeguarding, debugging and administrative center；Communicated to connect between onboard system and system maintenance and administrative center.
The system maintenance is made up of with configuration management center centralized computer, system software, data transmission interface, for setting, debugging
System configuration parameter and control logic.
Described onboard system includes：Gas-monitoring host power supply 4, control substation 5, sensor 6, audible-visual annunciator 7, electricity
Sub- blanket, breaker device；The gas-monitoring host power supply 4 is an independent current source individually powered for onboard system,
Not by vehicle circuit system interference, it is ensured that the continuity and promptness of watt car block sytem work；The control substation 5 is installed on
Driver's cabin, machine base or side and driver's cabin and railway carriage junction etc.；Sensor 6 is installed on ventilation at the top of driver's cabin；
All devices are made to reinforce to be installed with shockproof.Conventional arrangement schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
The control substation is data acquisition process and the logic control center of system, is responsible for from sensor collection environment ginseng
Number, and result is subjected to judgement processing according to the control logic designed by system maintenance and administrative center's software, according to configuration side
Case exports the control signal such as alarm and power-off when detecting exception；Control substation is also equipped with entering row data communication with administrative center
Function, receive the configuration logical order assigned of administrative center and the data of collection can be sent to administrative center and supervised in real time
Survey debugging；Alarm is used to receive the alarm signal that detection control apparatus is sent, and sends sound and light alarm prompting, sends in advance pre-
It is alert；The signal that electronic flameout apparatus, breaker device are used to receive control substation is powered off, put out to non-explosion-proof combustion engine 8 when necessary
Fire.Environment gas density must be worked as to be reduced to after the following alarm release of safety limit, the internal combustion engine 8 side can be again started up.
Vehicle-mounted watt of car block sytem operation principle：
System mainly gathers the environment gas density parameter in construction machinery working region, and control substation 5 is according to collecting
Gas concentration and control logic analyzed and processed.When system works, when environment gas density is gradually increasing, reaches and compare
Dangerous concentration (being such as set as 0.5% according to pertinent regulations), substation sends alarm signal, audible-visual annunciator 7 to alarm
Sound and light alarm is sent, driver and crew are heard or seen after alarm signal, are stopped operation immediately, notify related personnel verifies scene real
Border situation, the row operation again after finding out cause and clearing, it is possible to achieve the effect of dangerous advanced processing.If gas density
Rise very fast either construction machinery scene it is unattended when, environment gas density reaches higher risk limit value (such as according to having
Close regulation and be set as that 0.8%) now system sends control signal to electronic flameout apparatus and breaker device again, make machinery
Internal combustion engine 8 is automatically stopped work and closes general supply, realizes locking, prevents in machine work or ignorant personnel restarting,
The spark for avoiding trackless diesel machine from producing causes gas explosion accident.System Working Principle is as shown in Figure 3.
More preferable embodiment：In described tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step, energy-conservation, which is mainly reflected in Tunnel Blasting smoke evacuation, needs wind
Amount is determined as follows：
Wherein：
Q --- explosion smoke evacuation working face required airflow (m3/min)；
T --- ventilation time (min)；
G --- while the explosive charge (kg) of explosion；
B --- the CO amounts (L/kg) that every kilogram of explosive is produced, conventional explosive CO yields can be inquired about according to existing literature, typically
B=40L/kg is taken, b=100L/kg is taken when running into coal seam；
Basal area (the m of A --- tunnel excavation2)；
L0--- ventilation length (m)；
Pq--- the ratio between air pipeline whole story end air quantity in ventilation length sections；
Ca--- it is required that the CO concentration (%) reached, i.e. CMAX。
By taking Chongqing-Guichow Railway Tian Ping tunnels as an example：Because Tian Ping tunnels belong to non-plateau mountain tunnel, in standard GB/T Z
In 2.1-2007, CO does not have MAC index request.Therefore, when construction ventilation is designed, using the present invention based on PC-STEL
The calculation formula of standard, separately below the required airflow of the smoke evacuation of explosion when leading full face tunneling peaceful to Tian Ping tunnels main tunnel count
Calculate.
(1) main tunnel explosion smoke evacuation required airflow is calculated
The calculating parameter of required airflow is during the non-coal seam section main tunnel full face tunneling in Tian Ping tunnels：Excavated section 130m2, one
Separate explosion explosive consumption 300kg, ventilation time is 30min, and ventilation length is 150m, and hundred meters of air leak rate of air curtain of air pipeline are 2%.b
=40L/mg, Pq=1.03.
Using the PC-STEL standards of the present invention, i.e. Ca15=CPC-STEL=30mg/m3, according to formula, working face explosion
Smoke evacuation required airflow be：
As a comparison, as used MAC standards, i.e. Ca=CMAC=30mg/m3=24ppm, required airflow is：
If treated after explosion into working face as the special circumstances having to enter into, i.e. Ca=CMAC=100mg/m3=
During 80ppm, then required airflow is：
Enter wide open calculating of beginning from one, CO 15min weighted averages are：
As shown in figure 1, vehicle-mounted watt of car block sytem is mainly made up of four parts：System maintenance is with matching somebody with somebody
(2) put down and lead explosion smoke evacuation required airflow calculating
The non-coal seam section in Tian Ping tunnels equals required airflow calculating parameter when leading full face tunneling：Excavated section 35m2, once
Rendrock consumption 105kg, ventilation time is 30min, and ventilation length is 150m, and hundred meters of air leak rate of air curtain of air pipeline are 2%.B=
40l/mg, Pq=1.03.
Using PC-STEL standards, i.e. Ca15=CPC-STEL=30mg/m3, working face explosion smoke evacuation required airflow be：
According to MAC standards, i.e. Ca=CMAC=30mg/m3, according to formula, required airflow is：
If treated using working face is entered after explosion as the special circumstances having to enter into, i.e. Ca=CMAC=100mg/
m3During=80ppm, then required airflow is：
Enter wide open calculating of beginning from one, CO 15min weighted averages are：
Led as can be seen that either main tunnel is still flat, be all significantly less than using explosion smoke evacuation air quantity during PC-STEL standards and adopted
With required airflow during MAC standards, wind supply quantity can reduce 18%；If using being used as the special feelings having to enter into working face after explosion
Condition treats (actually many technical staff do so), then wind supply quantity can reduce 33%, but enter the 15min of CO behind hole
Weighted average concentration is 44mg/m3, more than 30mg/m3, hence it is evident that violate national standard.Therefore, according to national standard GBZ 2.1-2007
Regulation requirement, it is more particularly suitable using PC-STEL standards, so both met Standard ensure Occupational Health and Safety, again may be used
To realize the purpose of energy-conservation.
More preferable embodiment：In described tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step, energy-conservation be mainly reflected in during constructing tunnel by
In the difference of working procedure, formation parameter, its required airflow also changes therewith；Excavation and the increase for length of blowing with tunnel,
Although scope of operation required airflow is identical, blower fan wind supply quantity is being continuously increased.And ventilated energy-saving technology is exactly according to required airflow
Difference, by reequiping frequency conversion fan control system, gas monitoring system is rationally incorporated wherein, forms automatic energy saving ventilation control
System processed.According to the Monitoring Data of gas monitoring system, automatic adjustment blower fan operating frequency in real time, make blast that blower fan produces,
Air quantity is on the premise of construction requirement is met, and the energy conservation state in optimum frequency, realizes that gas tunnel is supplied on demand all the time
Wind, while also having reached the purpose of energy-saving ventilating air.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane and Gas Outburst tunnel, this method comprehensive utilization following steps are carried out：
Tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step,
Tunnel coal seam and gas advanced prediction step,
Coal Seam Prone To Outburst gas drainage under suction protrusion-dispelling process step,
Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal construction procedure,
Forecast of Gas Emission and rate-determining steps,
Constructing tunnel gas monitor monitoring step,
And the gas tunnel watt car locking step that the signal according to obtained by tunnel gas detects monitoring step is carried out.
2. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The tunnel coal seam stated and gas advanced prediction include non coal measures stratum gas advanced prediction；Before described non coal measures stratum gas overpressure
Forecast is specifically：
By analyzed area geologic information, gas-bearing formation law of development is grasped, and gas-bearing formation is influenceed according to tomography, anticline,
Tunnel Passing gas-bearing formation position is determined, forward probe gas development position is carried out with reference to advance geologic probing；
From geology angle, according to rock stratum sequence, thickness, occurrence and its with tunnel main track, the spatial relation of service gallery, meter
Calculate development mileage of the gas-bearing formation in tunnel trunk place on line；
Data is surveyed according to design and announcement effusion gas rock stratum length has been excavated and attitude of rocks calculating outlet stratum is truly thick
Degree, data is surveyed according to design and excavation section formation geology situation judges the prediction section attitude of rocks and important symbol layer position
Put；
Calculate according to outlet formation strata actual thickness, the forecast section attitude of rocks and important symbol layer position and do not excavate location ease
Go out position of stratum.
3. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The tunnel coal seam stated and gas advanced prediction include coal-bed gas advanced prediction；Described coal-bed gas advanced prediction is specifically：
First with geologic survey and mapping means, determine that tunnel discloses the substantially mileage of coal measure strata, then it is further by TSP
Determine the position of coal seam development, then using face sketch, advance geologic probing more accurately the position in forecast coal seam and
Thickness, while carrying out gas monitor.
4. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The Coal Seam Prone To Outburst gas drainage under suction protrusion-dispelling stated is handled：Before coal seam is opened in tunnel, drill site is located to the rock of driving
In stone tunnel or in excavated surface, latticed drilling is laid on palisades or excavation face, palisades or excavation are passed through by drill site
Drilled towards coal seam and run through that coal seam is entirely thick, then pass through the gas in the advance extraction coal measure strata that drills.
5. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The Gas Outburst tunnel exposed coal construction stated is according to " advance geologic probing → early stage outburst hazard prediction → conceptual design → super
First three probing of preceding supporting → exposed coal and outburst hazard prediction → exposed coal excavation → preliminary bracing → aqueous vapor discharge → secondary lining
Block " program is constructed, and tunnel coal seam is opened safely.
6. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The Forecast of Gas Emission and control stated be specifically：According to the basic law of coal seam coal gas dynamics and field measurement Gas explosion burns,
Draw rib and coal breakage gas emission Emission Law, and the control gas determined according to Gas Emission Law and its influence factor
Aggregate measures of outburst amount, and by during flexible transport muck removal, gas density is controlled below 0.3%, and by gas emission
Control is in 0.35m3/ below min.
7. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The constructing tunnel gas monitor monitoring step stated is specifically：In constructing tunnel, gas monitoring system is with CH4、CO、H2S、CO2Etc. having
Wind speed is monitored for index in the concentration of evil gas and hole, prevents in work progress, harmful gas concentration, which transfinites, causes calamity
Evil, to ensure construction safety and being normally carried out for constructing；According to the concentration of pernicious gas in the tunnel monitored, adopt in time
Take corresponding technology management step.
8. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
The gas tunnel watt car locking step stated is：Using watt car block sytem of all antiknock device itself, the system is installed on
On internal-combustion engine vehicle, the gas density in its internal combustion engine ambient air is monitored in real time with watt car block sytem, when environment watt
This concentration exceedes alarm limits, and system sends sound and light alarm；If gas density continues to raise, after power-off higher limit, prison
Control system sends vehicle automatic fuel cut-off power down control signal and is automatically powered off to the internal combustion engine of vehicle flame-out, and controls internal combustion engine to exist
Sound and light alarm can not start vehicle before releasing；Environment gas density must be worked as to be reduced to after the following alarm release of safety limit, should
Internal combustion apparatus can be again started up.
9. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 8 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：Institute
State system maintenance and pipe that watt car block sytem includes using when the onboard system and maintenance, the debugging that are installed on internal-combustion engine vehicle
Reason center；Communicated to connect between onboard system and system maintenance and administrative center；
The system maintenance is made up of with configuration management center centralized computer, system software, data transmission interface, for setting,
Debugging system configuration parameter and control logic；
Described onboard system includes：Gas-monitoring host power supply, control substation, sensor, audible-visual annunciator, the flame-out dress of electronics
Put, breaker device；The gas-monitoring host power supply is an independent current source individually powered for onboard system, not by vehicle electrical
Road system interference, it is ensured that the continuity and promptness of watt car block sytem work；The control substation is installed on driver's cabin or machine
Tool bottom or side or driver's cabin and railway carriage junction etc.；Sensor is installed on ventilation at the top of driver's cabin；All devices are made
Reinforce and installed with shockproof；
The control substation is data acquisition process and the logic control center of system, is responsible for gathering ambient parameter from sensor,
And result is subjected to judgement processing according to the control logic designed by system maintenance and administrative center's software, existed according to allocation plan
The control signal such as output alarm and power-off when detecting exception；Control substation is also equipped with entering with administrative center the work(of row data communication
Can, receive the configuration logical order assigned of administrative center and the data of collection can be sent to administrative center and carry out monitoring tune in real time
Examination；Alarm is used to receive the alarm signal that detection control apparatus is sent, and sends sound and light alarm prompting, early warning is sent in advance；Electricity
Sub- blanket, breaker device power off to non-explosion-proof combustion engine vehicle, stopped working when necessary for receiving the signal of control substation.
10. the non-explosion-proof flexible transport method of high methane according to claim 1 and Gas Outburst tunnel, it is characterised in that：
Described tunnel energy-saving ventilating air step includes：It is connected with blower fan control system with gas monitoring system, forms automatic energy saving and lead to
Wind control system；According to the Monitoring Data of gas monitoring system, automatic adjustment blower fan operating frequency in real time, the wind for producing blower fan
Pressure, air quantity are on the premise of construction requirement is met, and the energy conservation state in optimum frequency, realizes gas tunnel on demand all the time
Air feed, while saving energy consumption；
The required airflow for also including Tunnel Blasting smoke evacuation is determined as follows, and adjusts explosion smoke evacuation using blower fan control system
Air quantity：
Wherein：
Q --- explosion smoke evacuation working face required airflow (m3/min)；
T --- ventilation time (min)；
G --- while the explosive charge (kg) of explosion；
B --- the CO amounts (L/kg) that every kilogram of explosive is produced, conventional explosive CO yields can be inquired about according to existing literature, typically take b
=40L/kg, b=100L/kg is taken when running into coal seam；
Basal area (the m of A --- tunnel excavation2)；
L0--- ventilation length (m)；
Pq--- the ratio between air pipeline whole story end air quantity in ventilation length sections；
Ca --- it is required that the CO concentration (%) reached, i.e. CMAX。
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