CN107024299B - A kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system - Google Patents
A kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107024299B CN107024299B CN201710319804.1A CN201710319804A CN107024299B CN 107024299 B CN107024299 B CN 107024299B CN 201710319804 A CN201710319804 A CN 201710319804A CN 107024299 B CN107024299 B CN 107024299B
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- supercapacitor
- super capacitor
- temperature sensing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/34—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using capacitative elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system, belong to electronic component and electronic circuit field.Including printed circuit board and the supercapacitor being made on printed circuit board, energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit, the energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit include charge/discharge switching switch, sampling resistor, constant-voltage circuit, precision current acquisition chip, AD conversion chip and FPGA main controller.The present invention uses supercapacitor simultaneously as the energy-storage travelling wave tube of the sensing element of temperature sensing function and energy-storage function, realizes the multi-functional utilization of supercapacitor；Meanwhile by the circuit production of supercapacitor and temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system in a printed circuit board, using the electrode current collecting body substrate of existing common printed circuit board technology production supercapacitor, preparation method is simple, and integrated level is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic component and electronic circuit field, in particular to a kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage are double
Function system.
Background technique
Supercapacitor is a kind of common energy storage device, with power density is high, the charge and discharge time is short, has extended cycle life
The advantages that, there are very big research value and market prospects.Research to supercapacitor as energy storage device at present
It is concentrated mainly on and improves energy density, improves the directions such as integrated level, encapsulation and flexibility.Application No. is 201410344330.2
Patent application " preparation method, graphene supercapacitor and the energy-storage system of graphene supercapacitor " in propose one kind
The method for making graphene super capacitor using printed circuit board for carrier, the drop coating graphite oxide solution in afflux body substrate,
Electrode is made using the method for laser engraving reduction treatment after drying.Although supercapacitor can be made in printing electricity by this method
On the plate of road, the integrated level of energy-storage system is improved, but its complex manufacturing technology, process are cumbersome, need using laser engraving instrument etc.
Expensive instrument is processed, and provides only design scheme of the supercapacitor as the circuit system of energy-storage travelling wave tube.However,
Research finds that the capacity of supercapacitor can change with the variation of environment temperature, if in the environment of only temperature change
In, by the design of circuit system so that supercapacitor realizes the function of temperature sensing, obtain temperature sensor and energy storage
Double-function device has important application value.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function systems, are made simultaneously using supercapacitor
For the sensing element of temperature sensing function and the energy-storage travelling wave tube of energy-storage function, the multi-functional utilization of supercapacitor is realized；Together
When, by the circuit production of supercapacitor and temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system in a printed circuit board, using existing
There is the electrode current collecting body substrate of common printed circuit board technology production supercapacitor, preparation method is simple, and integrated level is high.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system, as shown in Figure 1, including printed circuit board and production
In supercapacitor, energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit on printed circuit board, the energy storage and temperature sensing are double
Function system circuit includes charge/discharge switching switch, sampling resistor, constant-voltage circuit, precision current acquisition chip, AD turns
Chip and FPGA main controller are changed, the energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit further include two group interface terminals, are respectively
Charging terminal and discharging terminals；The FPGA main controller includes charge/discharge switch control unit and temperature data transmission control
Unit；
FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge switching switch by charge/discharge switch control unit, makes supercapacitor
Working condition switch between charged state and discharge condition, realize the storage and release of electricity, the i.e. energy storage of supercapacitor
Function, specifically: FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge switching switch by charge/discharge switch control unit, makes super electricity
In discharge condition, the electricity of storage is released to the electricity consumptions such as extraneous load by discharging terminals and set container work by super capacitor
It is standby；FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge switching switch by charge/discharge switch control unit, and supercapacitor is made to work
In charged state, the charged terminal of external power is transferred to constant-voltage circuit, is depressured to superjunction capacitor through constant-voltage circuit
After the maximum voltage that device can bear carry out constant pressure processing, then sampled resistance after, by charge/discharge switching switch with it is super
Capacitor is connected, and carries out constant-voltage charge to supercapacitor；
Temperature measurement function works under supercapacitor charged state, the continual acquisition of precision current acquisition chip
The obtained current information of sampling resistor, when the electric current for being transferred to supercapacitor from constant-voltage circuit is constant, super electricity
Electricity capacity saturation, at this point, the current information that precision current acquisition chip collects is converted to number by AD conversion chip
After signal, the temperature data transmission control unit for being transferred to FPGA is handled, and supercapacitor local environment can be obtained
Temperature information realizes temperature sensing function；This is because supercapacitor when electricity is full of still with the presence of leakage current so that
Still there is current direction supercapacitor when constant-voltage charge electricity is full of, and the leakage current can be with ring locating for supercapacitor
The raising of border temperature and increase, the reduction of local environment temperature and reduce, can be obtained by the measurement to the leakage current super
The temperature information of capacitor local environment realizes temperature sensing function.
Further, the charge/discharge switching switch is the devices such as electromagnetic relay or analog cmos switch, is passed through
The signal control charge/discharge switching switch that charge/discharge switch control unit issues in FPGA main controller, makes supercapacitor
Working condition switch between charged state and discharge condition, realize the storage and release of electricity.
Further, the constant-voltage circuit is realized using integrated voltage-stabilized chip or discrete voltage regulator circuit.
Further, supercapacitor need to select the super of non-solid electrolyte as the sensing element of temperature sensing function
Capacitor.The capacity of the supercapacitor of non-solid electrolyte will change with the variation of environment temperature, super when temperature rises
Grade capacitance increases, and super capacitor capacity reduces when temperature declines；And the leakage current of supercapacitor is with super capacitor capacity
Increase and increase, reduce with the reduction of super capacitor capacity.Therefore, if environment temperature increases, super capacitor capacity
Increase, the electric current for flowing to supercapacitor from constant-voltage circuit will will increase；If environment temperature reduces, super capacitor holds
Amount reduces, and the electric current for flowing to supercapacitor from constant-voltage circuit will reduce.According to experimental result, in certain temperature model
In enclosing, the variation of supercapacitor leakage current and the wired sexual intercourse of the variation of temperature, the supercapacitor stable for one can
To correspond environment temperature according to the direction of leakage current between constant-voltage circuit and super capacitor and size.
Further, the preparation process of the supercapacitor being made on printed circuit board specifically:
Step 1: making first afflux substrate of two patterned pads as supercapacitor on a printed circuit
With the second afflux substrate；
Step 2: being used on the first afflux substrate and the second afflux substrate that step 1 obtains and cover process of tin or turmeric work
Skill makes one layer of tin layers or layer gold；
Step 3: the printed circuit board obtained after step 2 is handled is as anode, the metal materials such as titanium sheet or stainless steel substrates
As cathode, super capacitor active material is prepared using electrochemical deposition method in graphene solution isoreactivity material solution, i.e.,
Patterned first super capacitor electrode and the second super capacitor electrode can be obtained；
Step 4: the diaphragm for being soaked with liquid or gel state electrolyte is placed in super capacitor electrode region on a printed circuit
Material, and further encapsulate, it forms in the supercapacitor on printed circuit board.
Further, the material of pad described in step 1 is the metallic conductors such as copper, aluminium or silver；The patterned pad is
Gear shaping shape or parallel strip.
Further, step 2 uses on the first afflux substrate and the second afflux substrate covers process of tin one layer of tin layers of production,
Or one layer of layer gold is made using turmeric technique, as protective layer, the protective layer with a thickness of 0.1 μm -100 μm；Printed circuit
Part on plate except the first afflux substrate and the second afflux substrate generallys use ink covering using as protective layer.
Further, active material solution described in step 3 can for graphite solution, graphite oxide solution, graphene solution,
Graphene oxide solution, carbon nano-tube solution etc., the super capacitor electrode are the materials such as graphite, graphene or carbon nanotube
Material.
Further, diaphragm material described in step 4 is fiber cloth or filter paper etc..
The invention has the benefit that
The invention proposes a kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function systems, are made simultaneously using supercapacitor
For the sensing element of temperature sensing function and the energy-storage travelling wave tube of energy-storage function, and supercapacitor and temperature sensing and energy storage is double
The circuit production of function system is in a printed circuit board, improving the integrated level of super capacitor Yu allocation function circuit, letter
Change the manufacture difficulty of super capacitor, and makes traditional super capacitor functional diversities for being only used for energy storage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of super capacitor temperature sensing provided by the invention and energy storage dual function system；
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure diagram of super capacitor temperature sensing provided by the invention and energy storage dual function system；
Fig. 3 is the physical circuit schematic diagram of energy storage of the present invention and temperature sensing dual function system circuit；
Fig. 4 is the device figure of electrochemical deposition super capacitor electrode；
Fig. 5 is covered in the super capacitor electrode corresponding region based on printed circuit board immersed with electrolysis for what embodiment provided
The structure of the diaphragm material of matter and the supercapacitor being packaged using polyethylene film；
Fig. 6 is that the super capacitor temperature sensing that embodiment obtains and energy storage dual function system measure obtain at different temperatures
Supercapacitor leakage current change curve.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it elaborates to the solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not restricted to this.
As shown in Figure 1, being a kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system provided by the invention, including printing
Circuit board and the supercapacitor being made on printed circuit board, energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit；Printing electricity
On the plate of road other than super capacitor and circuit system, there are two the interfaces as electrochemical deposition, correspond respectively to super electricity
The two poles of the earth of appearance.
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure diagram of super capacitor temperature sensing provided by the invention and energy storage dual function system；Including super
Grade capacitor, charge/discharge switch switch, sampling resistor, constant-voltage circuit, precision current acquisition chip, AD conversion chip
It is charging terminal and discharging terminals respectively with FPGA main controller and two group interface terminals, the FPGA main controller includes filling
Electricity/electric discharge switch control unit and temperature data transmission control unit；
Wherein, charge/discharge switching switch with supercapacitor, charge/discharge switch control unit, discharging terminals and adopt
Sample resistance is connected, and sampling resistor is connected between constant-voltage circuit and charge/discharge switching switch, precision current acquisition chip
The obtained current information of voltage for acquiring sampling resistor both ends, after being converted to digital signal by AD conversion chip, is transferred to
Temperature data transmission control unit is handled；
FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge switching switch by charge/discharge switch control unit, makes supercapacitor
Working condition switch between charged state and discharge condition, realize the storage and release of electricity, the i.e. energy storage of supercapacitor
Function, specifically: FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge switching switch by charge/discharge switch control unit, makes super electricity
In discharge condition, the electricity of storage is released to the electricity consumptions such as extraneous load by discharging terminals and set container work by super capacitor
It is standby；FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge switching switch by charge/discharge switch control unit, and supercapacitor is made to work
In charged state, the charged terminal of external power is transferred to constant-voltage circuit, is depressured to superjunction capacitor through constant-voltage circuit
After the maximum voltage that device can bear carry out constant pressure processing, then sampled resistance after, by charge/discharge switching switch with it is super
Capacitor is connected, and carries out constant-voltage charge to supercapacitor；
Temperature measurement function works under supercapacitor charged state, the continual acquisition of precision current acquisition chip
The obtained current information of sampling resistor, when the electric current for being transferred to supercapacitor from constant-voltage circuit is constant, super electricity
Electricity capacity saturation, at this point, the current information that precision current acquisition chip collects is converted to number by AD conversion chip
After signal, the temperature data transmission control unit for being transferred to FPGA is handled, and supercapacitor local environment can be obtained
Temperature information realizes temperature sensing function；This is because supercapacitor when electricity is full of still with the presence of leakage current so that
Still there is current direction supercapacitor when constant-voltage charge electricity is full of, and the leakage current can be with ring locating for supercapacitor
The raising of border temperature and increase, the reduction of local environment temperature and reduce, can be obtained by the measurement to the leakage current super
The temperature information of capacitor local environment realizes temperature sensing function.
Embodiment
Fig. 3 gives the physical circuit principle of super capacitor of embodiment of the present invention temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system
Figure.Wherein, charge/discharge switching switch is Matsushita company two-way single-pole double throw electromagnetic relay TQ2-5, built-in two-way
Identical single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)；Sampling resistor is R050, and resistance value is 50m Ω；Precision current acquisition chip is INA282 chip；AD
Conversion chip is ADS8321 chip；Constant-voltage circuit uses LM1117 three-terminal regulator chip, and input terminal connects charging terminal
Anode, output end connect sampling resistor R050, and common end connects TQ2-5 and charging terminal cathode.
FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge by charge/discharge switch control unit and switches switch TQ2-5, makes super
The working condition of capacitor switches between charged state and discharge condition, realizes the storage and release of electricity, i.e. supercapacitor
Energy-storage function, specifically: FPGA main controller by charge/discharge switch control unit control charge/discharge switching switch
TQ2-5 makes supercapacitor work in discharge condition, and super capacitor anode connects discharging terminals anode, super capacitor cathode
Discharging terminals cathode is connected, the electricity of storage is released to external load by discharging terminals by super capacitor；FPGA main controller is logical
Overcharge/electric discharge switch control unit control charge/discharge switches switch TQ2-5, makes supercapacitor work in charged state
When, supercapacitor positive electrode connects sampling resistor, and cathode connects charging terminal cathode and the common end LM1117, and external power is charged
Terminal is transferred to LM1117 three-terminal regulator chip input terminal, the maximum that can bear through LM1117 chip voltage to superjunction capacitor
After carrying out constant pressure processing, then sampled resistance R050 after voltage, switch TQ2-5 and supercapacitor are switched by charge/discharge
It is connected, constant-voltage charge is carried out to supercapacitor；
Temperature measurement function works under supercapacitor charged state, and after supercapacitor is fully charged, constant voltage circuit will
So that super capacitor both end voltage is constant in setting value, but since super capacitor possesses self discharge effect, it will after its is fully charged
With certain current value loss of electricity；In working environment of the invention, because of the condition that both end voltage is constant, voltage U in q=CU
It is constant with super capacitor capacity, thus the electricity q of reduction will from constant-voltage circuit to super capacitor supplement, other conditions not
It is certain that leakage current is shown as in the case where change.Therefore, the continual acquisition sampling resistor of precision current acquisition chip INA282
The obtained current information of R050, when the electric current for being transferred to supercapacitor from constant-voltage circuit is constant, super capacitor electricity
Amount saturation, at this point, the current information that precision current acquisition chip INA282 is collected is turned by AD conversion chip ADS8321
After being changed to digital signal, the temperature data transmission control unit for being transferred to FPGA is handled, and supercapacitor institute can be obtained
Locate the temperature information of environment, realizes temperature sensing function.The non-solid electrolyte super capacitor that the present invention uses is in temperature change
The variation of Shi Yinwei catalytic activity will lead to super capacitor capacity and change, and when the rising of super capacitor local environment temperature, surpass
Grade capacitance will increase, because maintaining both end voltage constant, according to q=CU, so flowing into super electricity from constant-voltage circuit
The electric current of container will increase；When super capacitor local environment temperature declines, super capacitor capacity can reduce, because maintaining both ends electricity
Press it is constant, according to q=CU, thus from constant-voltage circuit flow into supercapacitor electric current will reduce.Curent change it is another
Kind is explained are as follows: temperature rises so that catalytic activity increases, therefore super capacitor self discharge effect enhances, and causes from constant voltage
Circuit flow into supercapacitor electric current increase, conversely, at a temperature of general who has surrendered cause electric current to reduce.
Further, the preparation process of the supercapacitor being made on printed circuit board specifically:
Step 1: being made the pad of two gear shaping shapes on a printed circuit of silk screen print method as supercapacitor
The first afflux substrate and the second afflux substrate；
Step 2: one layer of gold being made using turmeric technique on the first afflux substrate and the second afflux substrate that step 1 obtains
Layer；And the interface of reserved two electrochemical depositions, as shown in Figure 1；
Step 3: as shown in figure 4, the printed circuit board obtained after step 2 is handled is as anode, titanium metal plate is as yin
Pole, the two is staggered relatively, prepares super capacitor activity material using electrochemical deposition method in the graphene oxide solution of 15mg/mL
Expect graphene, the first super capacitor electrode and second of gear shaping shape can be obtained in deposition voltage 20V, sedimentation time 15min
Super capacitor electrode；
Step 4: super capacitor electrode corresponding region on a printed circuit attaches the potassium hydroxide placed and be soaked with 1mol/L
The high microsteping filter paper of solution electrolyte, after the completion of attaching, using thin-film materials such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, to super capacitor area
Domain is packaged, and obtains complete supercapacitor, as shown in Figure 5.
The temperature measurement function for the dual function system that the present embodiment obtains is tested.In testing, room temperature is 25 DEG C,
It is heated up using the heated at constant temperature platform that temperature accuracy is 1 DEG C to system circuit board, heating is primary to carry out at interval of 0.5 DEG C
Record, while recording temperature and leakage current value.The dotted line of different temperatures as shown in Figure 6 and the variation of supercapacitor leakage current
Figure, according to record, super capacitor is 15 μ A in 50.0 DEG C of initial temperature of leakage current value, the electric leakage when terminating 68.5 DEG C of temperature
Stream is 85 μ A, and in entire range ability, the linear corresponding relationship for leveling off to 2 functions can be with by reading leakage current value
Accurately learn super capacitor temperature measurement system local environment temperature.
It can be seen that super capacitor temperature sensing that embodiment obtains from the above experimental result and energy storage dual function system can
Effectively to realize temperature sensing function.And this super capacitor and circuit system integral production are in the difunctional system of printed circuit board
Simple, small volume is made in controlling, and integrated level is high.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of super capacitor temperature sensing and energy storage dual function system, including printed circuit board and it is made in printed circuit board
On supercapacitor, energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit, the energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit
Including charge/discharge switching switch, sampling resistor, constant-voltage circuit, precision current acquisition chip, AD conversion chip and FPGA
Main controller, the energy storage and temperature sensing dual function system circuit further include two group interface terminals, are charging terminal respectively and put
Electric terminal；The FPGA main controller includes charge/discharge switch control unit and temperature data transmission control unit；
FPGA main controller controls charge/discharge switching switch by charge/discharge switch control unit, and supercapacitor is made to work
In discharge condition, the electricity of storage is released to external load by discharging terminals by super capacitor；FPGA main controller is by filling
Electricity/electric discharge switch control unit control charge/discharge switching switch, makes supercapacitor work in charged state, external power
Charged terminal is transferred to constant-voltage circuit, handles through constant-voltage circuit constant pressure, then after sampled resistance, by charging/
Electric discharge switching switch is connected with supercapacitor, carries out constant-voltage charge to supercapacitor, realizes the storage of electricity；
Under supercapacitor charged state, precision current acquisition chip acquires the obtained current information of sampling resistor, when from perseverance
Fixed voltage circuit be transferred to supercapacitor electric current it is constant when, super capacitor electricity saturation, at this point, precision current is acquired core
After the current information that piece collects is converted to digital signal by AD conversion chip, it is transferred to the temperature data transmission control of FPGA
Unit processed is handled, and the temperature information of supercapacitor local environment can be obtained, and realizes temperature sensing function.
2. super capacitor temperature sensing according to claim 1 and energy storage dual function system, which is characterized in that described to fill
Electricity/electric discharge switching switch is that electromagnetic relay or analog cmos switch.
3. super capacitor temperature sensing according to claim 1 and energy storage dual function system, which is characterized in that described constant
Potential circuit is realized using integrated voltage-stabilized chip or discrete voltage regulator circuit.
4. a kind of applied to the supercapacitor of super capacitor temperature sensing described in claim 1 and energy storage dual function system
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: making two patterned pads on a printed circuit as the first afflux substrate of supercapacitor and the
Two afflux substrates；
Step 2: being used on the first afflux substrate and the second afflux substrate that step 1 obtains and cover process of tin or turmeric technique system
Make one layer of tin layers or layer gold；
Step 3: using the printed circuit board obtained after step 2 processing as anode, titanium sheet or stainless steel substrates as cathode, in activity
Super capacitor active material is prepared using electrochemical deposition method in material solution, patterned first super capacitor electricity can be obtained
Pole and the second super capacitor electrode；
Step 4: the diaphragm material for being soaked with liquid or gel state electrolyte is placed in super capacitor electrode region on a printed circuit,
And further encapsulate, it forms in the supercapacitor on printed circuit board.
5. the preparation method of supercapacitor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the material of pad described in step 1
For copper, aluminium or silver；The patterned pad is gear shaping shape or parallel strip.
6. the preparation method of supercapacitor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that active material described in step 3 is molten
Liquid is graphite solution, graphite oxide solution, graphene solution, graphene oxide solution or carbon nano-tube solution, the super electricity
Appearance electrode is graphite, graphene or carbon nanotube.
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| CN204304479U (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-04-29 | 深圳市兴吉胜电子有限公司 | Super capacitor charger baby |
| CN104810163A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2015-07-29 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | Graphene supercapacitor and preparation method thereof, and energy storage system |
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| CN104810163A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2015-07-29 | 纳米新能源（唐山）有限责任公司 | Graphene supercapacitor and preparation method thereof, and energy storage system |
| CN204304479U (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-04-29 | 深圳市兴吉胜电子有限公司 | Super capacitor charger baby |
| CN105471027A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-06 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Super-capacitor pre-charging system |
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