CN107015817B - Method for upgrading equipment firmware in air - Google Patents
Method for upgrading equipment firmware in air Download PDFInfo
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- CN107015817B CN107015817B CN201710377054.3A CN201710377054A CN107015817B CN 107015817 B CN107015817 B CN 107015817B CN 201710377054 A CN201710377054 A CN 201710377054A CN 107015817 B CN107015817 B CN 107015817B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
- G06F8/65—Updates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/70—Software maintenance or management
- G06F8/71—Version control; Configuration management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/70—Software maintenance or management
- G06F8/73—Program documentation
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for upgrading equipment firmware in the air, wherein a server terminal packages and delivers upgrading files of a plurality of independent devices of single equipment to realize the common upgrading of the plurality of independent devices, and the method comprises the following steps: preparing data; data packaging; generating an upgrade session ID; informing the equipment of the start of upgrading; transmitting an upgrade package; equipment checking; and (5) upgrading the equipment. The invention has the beneficial effects that: supporting a server to package and deliver upgrade files of a plurality of independent components of a certain device, so as to carry out common upgrade on the plurality of independent components; the method supports breakpoint continuous transmission after network instantaneous disconnection and reconnection; supporting the local upgrade of the appointed memory block of the upgrade device; the run-length coding compression upgrading byte stream is supported to save the network bandwidth; after the delivery of the upgrade file is completed, the support equipment performs CRC23 correctness check; through the combination of various measures, the network transmission overhead can be saved during the equipment firmware upgrading, and the success rate of the aerial upgrading is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of firmware over-the-air upgrading, in particular to a method for equipment firmware over-the-air upgrading.
Background
The firmware over-the-air upgrading refers to that equipment acquires a software version in a wireless downloading mode and upgrades the firmware of the equipment. Most of the existing firmware upgrading technologies can only upgrade a single device of the device, for example, the firmware upgrading method of patent CN101656949 is: when one device needs to upgrade the firmware, the remote server unpacks the firmware and sends the firmware to the device in batches, after the device receives the firmware in batches, the correctness of the firmware is checked, if the firmware is correct, the upgrade is executed, and if the firmware is incorrect or the delivery of the firmware in midway fails, the remote server executes the upgrade process again, but the upgrade method cannot be continuously transmitted at break points. The firmware upgrading method of patent CN102314369A provides the capability of breakpoint resuming on the basis of CN 101656949. The firmware upgrading method of patent CN103218244A can upgrade multiple devices together, the server packages and delivers the upgrade files of multiple devices of the device as a whole, and the device executes unified upgrade on multiple devices after receiving the firmware upgrade package, but this upgrading method also does not have the capability of breakpoint transmission.
The firmware of some existing hardware products has very high compression ratio, the existing firmware upgrading method often does not support delivering the high-compression ratio firmware with high efficiency, the firmware upgrading is often repairable upgrading in most scenes, when the repaired content is very small, the resource cost of delivering the whole firmware is too high, and the existing method often does not support local upgrading of a designated hardware storage block.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for over-the-air upgrading of device firmware. Through the combination of various measures, the network transmission overhead can be saved during the equipment firmware upgrading, and the success rate of the aerial upgrading is improved.
The invention provides a method for upgrading equipment firmware in the air, wherein a server terminal packages and delivers upgrading files of a plurality of independent devices of single equipment to realize the common upgrading of the plurality of independent devices, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing data: the method comprises the steps that a server determines an upgrading area of equipment, wherein the upgrading area comprises an upgrading device needing to be upgraded and an upgrading storage block appointed by the upgrading device, and the server formulates data to be upgraded and updated according to the upgrading area;
step 2, data packaging: aiming at each upgrading device, the server end calculates the size of upgrading content of the upgrading device, specifies the offset of a starting address and a specified length, determines the firmware length of each upgrading device to obtain the length of the whole firmware, and generates a CRC32 check value for the length of the whole firmware;
step 3, generating an upgrading session ID: the server randomly generates a firmware upgrading session ID according to the timestamp and the ID of the target equipment;
step 4, informing the start of equipment upgrading: the server side informs the equipment to start a firmware upgrading session, the equipment starts to enter the firmware upgrading session after responding to the server side, and if the equipment does not respond, the firmware upgrading session fails;
and 5, upgrade package transmission: the server side delivers the bytes of the whole firmware length to the equipment and sequentially transmits the bytes according to 1024 bytes and a frame segment, the equipment actively responds when receiving one frame segment, the transmission is determined to be finished after the equipment receives all the bytes of the whole firmware length, namely all the firmware upgrade files, otherwise, the server side carries out multiple time delay retransmission according to an exponential backoff algorithm until the equipment responds, and if the equipment does not respond all the time, the firmware upgrade session fails;
step 6, equipment verification: after the equipment receives all firmware upgrading files, the equipment executes CRC32 correctness check on bytes of the whole firmware length, compares the CRC32 correctness check with a CRC32 check value generated by the server end in the step 2, if the CRC32 check value is equal to a CRC32 check value generated by the server end in the step 2, the correctness check is passed, otherwise, the correctness check fails, and the firmware upgrading session fails;
and 7, equipment upgrading: the device analyzes bytes of the whole firmware length according to the firmware length generation rule of the server in the step 2, writes the analyzed content into an upgraded firmware storage area, boots from a new firmware storage area after restarting, succeeds in the firmware upgrading session if booting succeeds, and fails in the firmware upgrading session if booting fails, wherein the new firmware storage area is a firmware storage area after the analyzed content is written in, and the old firmware storage area is a firmware storage area before the analyzed content is written in.
As a further improvement of the present invention, step 1 specifically comprises:
step 101, a server determines upgrading devices of equipment and upgrading storage blocks appointed by each upgrading device;
step 102, judging whether an upgrading storage block of each upgrading device needs to be compressed or not;
step 103, run length coding compression is carried out on the upgrading storage block needing to be compressed.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 101, during device development, the storage blocks used by each device are partitioned, where a part of bytes is used for a basic module component, a part of bytes is used for a first application program component, a part of bytes is used for a second application program component, a part of bytes is used for a third application program component, and so on, and when an application program component, that is, a certain storage block of an upgraded device, needs to be upgraded, the byte block corresponding to the application program component is upgraded.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the storage blocks of each device are partitioned, the total byte number is T, B bytes are allocated for basic module components, and A bytes are allocated1Bytes for the first application component, Allocation A2Bytes for a second application component, and so on, Allocation AiThe byte is used for the ith application program assembly, when the jth application program assembly needs to be upgraded, and the upgraded size does not exceed AjByte-wise, upgrade [ B + (A)1+A2+...+Aj-1),B+(A1+A2+...+Aj)]Byte blocks of offset can be needed, otherwise, the byte blocks need to be upgraded [ B + (A)1+A2+...+Aj-1),T]Byte blocks of offsets.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the criteria for determining whether the memory block needs to be compressed in step 102 are: and performing run-length coding compression on the upgrade storage block, if the coded byte number is 5% or more smaller than the uncoded byte number, adopting run-length coding, and otherwise, adopting uncoded.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 2, the firmware length of each upgrade device is: the method comprises the steps of upgrading content size, upgrading device ID overhead, specified starting address offset and specified length, wherein the overall firmware length is the sum of the firmware lengths of a plurality of upgrading devices.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 5, the method for the server to perform multiple delayed retransmissions according to the exponential back-off algorithm includes: and the server side retransmits for 6 times according to the backoff delay modes of 3s, 6s, 12s, 24s, 48s and 96s until the equipment responds.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. multiple devices in the device can be upgraded simultaneously:
by naming a plurality of devices and maintaining device naming information at the cloud end and the equipment end together, the server end can pack the upgrading contents of the plurality of devices, and the equipment end upgrades the devices according to the device names;
2. a certain memory block of the upgrading device can be appointed to be upgraded:
the appointed storage block of the appointed device can be upgraded by the positioning mode of the device and the storage block;
3. the run-length coding can be executed on the upgrade content with more repeated data:
for some memory segments with particularly high repeated fields, run-length encoding (RLE run-length encoding) is used for compression, and through the run-length encoding compression, the network transmission overhead of the memory segments with particularly high repeated fields is greatly reduced;
4. the method can perform breakpoint continuous transmission in a complex network environment after the equipment network is instantaneously disconnected:
by designating the air upgrading session ID before each transmission, and marking the starting address offset and the designated length of the transmission paragraph in each transmission frame, even if the network is in momentary interruption reconnection, the equipment can still write the upgrading content issued by the server end into a correct firmware storage area in the same air upgrading session ID according to the starting address offset and the designated length of the transmission paragraph;
5. the correctness of the firmware can be checked at the equipment end:
before sending a firmware upgrading session, the server performs CRC32 check on the length of the whole firmware, informs the equipment of the check value in the firmware upgrading, and after receiving the whole firmware upgrading session, the equipment performs the same CRC23 check operation as the server, if the check value is consistent with the CRC23 check operation, the correctness check is passed, otherwise, the firmware upgrading is performed again.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for over-the-air upgrading of device firmware according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in the method for upgrading device firmware over the air in an embodiment of the present invention, a server performs package delivery on upgrade files of multiple independent devices of a single device, so as to implement common upgrade on the multiple independent devices, where the method includes:
step 1, preparing data: the method comprises the steps that the server determines an upgrading area of the equipment, the upgrading area comprises an upgrading device needing to be upgraded and an upgrading storage block appointed by the upgrading device, the server formulates data to be upgraded and updated according to the upgrading area, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 101, the server determines the upgrade components of the device and the upgrade storage block designated by each upgrade component, in this embodiment, the upgrade storage blocks of the upgrade components a and B are 0xEF100600 to 0xEF1015F8, and the upgrade storage blocks of the upgrade components B are 0xBC010000 to 0xBC 011000.
Furthermore, when the device is developed, the storage block of each device is partitioned, wherein a part of bytes is used for the basic module component, a part of bytes is used for the first application program component, a part of bytes is used for the second application program component, and a part of bytes is used for the third application program component.
In this embodiment, when the memory block of each device is partitioned, 4 kbytes are used for the basic module component, 2 kbytes are used for the first application program component, 4 kbytes are used for the second application program component, and 6 kbytes are used for the third application program component, and when the first application program component needs to be upgraded and the upgraded size does not exceed 2 kbytes, the 2 kbytes corresponding to the first application program component are upgraded.
Step 102, judging whether the upgrade memory block of the upgrade device needs to be compressed or not for each upgrade device, wherein the standard for judging whether the upgrade memory block needs to be compressed is as follows: and performing run-length coding compression on the upgrade storage block, if the coded byte number is 5% or more smaller than the uncoded byte number, adopting run-length coding, and otherwise, adopting uncoded.
In the embodiment, the byte number of the device B for executing the run-length coding compression is 5 percent or more less than the byte number of the non-coding, and the run-length coding is adopted for the device B; the device A does not meet the condition after executing the run-length coding compression, and the device A adopts a non-coding mode.
Step 103, run length coding compression is carried out on the upgrading storage block needing to be compressed.
In this embodiment, the run-length coding compression is performed on the upgrade memory block of the device B, and the compression ratio is 97.6%.
Step 2, data packaging: aiming at each upgrading device, the server end calculates the size of upgrading content of the upgrading device, specifies the offset of a starting address and a specified length, determines the firmware length of each upgrading device to obtain the length of the whole firmware, and generates a CRC32 check value for the length of the whole firmware; the firmware length of each upgrading device is as follows: the method comprises the steps of upgrading content size, upgrading device ID expense, specified starting address offset and specified length, wherein the overall firmware length is the sum of the firmware lengths of a plurality of upgrading devices.
In the present embodiment, for device a: the size of the upgrade content is 0xEF1015F8-0xEF100600, namely 4088 bytes, the upgrade device ID overhead is 2 bytes, the specified starting address offset is 4 bytes, the specified length is 4 bytes, and the fixed length is 4088+2+4+4 which is 4098 bytes;
for device B: the size of the upgrade content is 0xBC010000 to 0xBC011000, namely 4096 bytes, the size of the upgrade content after being compressed by adopting run length coding is 98 bytes, the compression ratio is 97.6%, the ID overhead of an upgrade device is 2 bytes, the specified starting address offset is 4 bytes, the specified length is 4 bytes, and the fixed length is 98+2+4+4 which is 108 bytes;
thus, the overall firmware length is 4098+108 ═ 4206 bytes.
Meanwhile, CRC32 check value of 0xAF1C3D67 is generated for the 4206 byte content.
Step 3, generating an upgrading session ID: the server randomly generates a firmware upgrade session ID according to the timestamp and the ID of the target device, where the firmware upgrade session ID in this embodiment is 0x12 AD.
Step 4, informing the start of equipment upgrading: the server side informs the device to start the firmware upgrading session 0x12AD, the device starts to enter the firmware upgrading session after answering the server side, and if the device does not respond, the firmware upgrading session fails.
And 5, upgrade package transmission: the server delivers 4026 bytes of the whole firmware length to the equipment, and sequentially transmits the data according to 1024 bytes and one frame segment, namely the frame offset and the size of each transmission are respectively <0 byte, 1024 bytes >, <1024 bytes, 1024 bytes >, <2048 bytes, 1024 bytes >, <3072 bytes, and 1134 bytes >. And the equipment actively responds every time the equipment receives one frame segment, the equipment determines that the transmission is finished after the equipment receives all bytes of the whole firmware length, namely all firmware upgrading files, otherwise the server retransmits for 6 times according to a backoff delay mode of 3s, 6s, 12s, 24s, 48s and 96s until the equipment responds, and if the equipment does not respond, the firmware upgrading session fails.
Step 6, equipment verification: after the device receives all the firmware upgrade files, the device performs CRC32 correctness checking on 4026 bytes of the whole firmware length, and compares the CRC32 check value 0xAF1C3D67 generated by the server end in step 2, if the CRC32 check value 0xAF1C3D67 generated by the server end in step 2 is equal, the correctness checking is passed, otherwise, the correctness checking fails, and the firmware upgrade session fails.
And 7, equipment upgrading: the equipment analyzes 4026 bytes of the whole firmware length according to the firmware length generating rule (namely, the size of the updated content, the cost of the updated device ID, the specified start address offset and the specified length) of the server in the step 2, writes the analyzed content into an updated firmware storage area, guides the equipment from a new firmware storage area after restarting, succeeds the firmware updating conversation if the guiding succeeds, guides the equipment from an old firmware storage area if the guiding fails, and fails the firmware updating conversation, wherein the new firmware storage area is the firmware storage area after the analyzed content is written in, and the old firmware storage area is the firmware storage area before the analyzed content is written in.
The method for upgrading the equipment firmware in the air supports the server to package and deliver the upgrading files of a plurality of independent components of certain equipment, so that the plurality of independent components are upgraded together; the method supports breakpoint continuous transmission after network instantaneous disconnection and reconnection; supporting the local upgrade of the appointed memory block of the upgrade device; supporting the partial upgrading of a specified memory block by using run-length encoding (RLE run-length encoding); and the support equipment performs CRC23 correctness check after the upgrade file delivery is completed. The invention can save network transmission cost when upgrading the equipment firmware and improve the success rate of upgrading in the air by combining various measures.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for upgrading equipment firmware in the air is characterized in that a server side packages and delivers upgrading files of a plurality of independent devices of a single device to realize common upgrading of the plurality of independent devices, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing data: the method comprises the steps that a server determines an upgrading area of equipment, wherein the upgrading area comprises an upgrading device needing to be upgraded and an upgrading storage block appointed by the upgrading device, and the server formulates data to be upgraded and updated according to the upgrading area;
wherein, step 1 specifically includes:
step 101, a server determines upgrading devices of equipment and upgrading storage blocks appointed by each upgrading device; when equipment is developed, partitioning a storage block used by each device, wherein a part of bytes are used for a basic module component, a part of bytes are used for a first application program component, a part of bytes are used for a second application program component, a part of bytes are used for a third application program component, and so on, when a certain application program component, namely a certain storage block of a certain upgrading device, needs to be upgraded, the byte block corresponding to the application program component is upgraded;
step 102, judging whether an upgrading storage block of each upgrading device needs to be compressed or not;
103, performing run length coding compression on an upgrading storage block to be compressed;
step 2, data packaging: aiming at each upgrading device, the server end calculates the size of upgrading content of the upgrading device, specifies the offset of a starting address and a specified length, determines the firmware length of each upgrading device to obtain the length of the whole firmware, and generates a CRC32 check value for the length of the whole firmware;
step 3, generating an upgrading session ID: the server randomly generates a firmware upgrading session ID according to the timestamp and the ID of the target equipment;
step 4, informing the start of equipment upgrading: the server side informs the equipment to start a firmware upgrading session, the equipment starts to enter the firmware upgrading session after responding to the server side, and if the equipment does not respond, the firmware upgrading session fails;
and 5, upgrade package transmission: the server side delivers the bytes of the whole firmware length to the equipment and sequentially transmits the bytes according to 1024 bytes and a frame segment, the equipment actively responds when receiving one frame segment, the transmission is determined to be finished after the equipment receives all the bytes of the whole firmware length, namely all the firmware upgrade files, otherwise, the server side carries out multiple time delay retransmission according to an exponential backoff algorithm until the equipment responds, and if the equipment does not respond all the time, the firmware upgrade session fails;
step 6, equipment verification: after the equipment receives all firmware upgrading files, the equipment executes CRC32 correctness check on bytes of the whole firmware length, compares the CRC32 correctness check with a CRC32 check value generated by the server end in the step 2, if the CRC32 check value is equal to a CRC32 check value generated by the server end in the step 2, the correctness check is passed, otherwise, the correctness check fails, and the firmware upgrading session fails;
and 7, equipment upgrading: the device analyzes bytes of the whole firmware length according to the firmware length generation rule of the server in the step 2, writes the analyzed content into an upgraded firmware storage area, boots from a new firmware storage area after restarting, succeeds in the firmware upgrading session if booting succeeds, and fails in the firmware upgrading session if booting fails, wherein the new firmware storage area is a firmware storage area after the analyzed content is written in, and the old firmware storage area is a firmware storage area before the analyzed content is written in.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein when partitioning the memory blocks of each device, the total number of bytes is T, B bytes are allocated for base module components, and a bytes are allocated1Bytes for the first application component, Allocation A2Bytes for a second application component, and so on, Allocation AiThe byte is used for the ith application program assembly, when the jth application program assembly needs to be upgraded, and the upgraded size does not exceed AjByte-wise, upgrade [ B + (A)1+A2+...+Aj-1),B+(A1+A2+...+Aj)]Byte blocks of offset can be needed, otherwise, the byte blocks need to be upgraded [ B + (A)1+A2+...+Aj-1),T]Byte blocks of offsets.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the criteria for determining whether the memory block needs to be compressed in step 102 is: and performing run-length coding compression on the upgrade storage block, if the coded byte number is 5% or more smaller than the uncoded byte number, adopting run-length coding, and otherwise, adopting uncoded.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the firmware length of each upgrade device is: the method comprises the steps of upgrading content size, upgrading device ID overhead, specified starting address offset and specified length, wherein the overall firmware length is the sum of the firmware lengths of a plurality of upgrading devices.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the method for the server to perform multiple delayed retransmissions according to the exponential back-off algorithm comprises: and the server side retransmits for 6 times according to the backoff delay modes of 3s, 6s, 12s, 24s, 48s and 96s until the equipment responds.
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| CN108681459B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2022-03-01 | 深圳有电物联科技有限公司 | Firmware updating method, device and system for intelligent hardware equipment |
| CN109117168A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-01 | 拓攻（南京）机器人有限公司 | Unmanned plane firmware update, device, unmanned plane and storage medium |
| CN110336862A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-10-15 | 上海二三四五网络科技有限公司 | The method for upgrading system of batch Intelligent hardware |
| CN110730104A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-24 | 乐鑫信息科技（上海）股份有限公司 | Method for upgrading multi-device batch firmware of mesh network device |
| CN111045713A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 浪潮(北京)电子信息产业有限公司 | Method, system and device for upgrading computer system |
| CN111813431B (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2024-01-26 | 康佳集团股份有限公司 | Software upgrading method, intelligent television and storage medium |
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