CN107015653A - 基于光纤光栅的数据手套及交互系统 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于光纤光栅的数据手套及交互系统，数据手套由一种弯曲传感器布设于手套本体的手指关节范围处，所述弯曲传感器包括光纤光栅、记忆合金丝和金属毛细管，光纤光栅粘贴于记忆合金丝上，记忆合金丝的一端设有固定端，用于固定在待检测物体上，另一端置于金属毛细管中，从而使记忆合金丝可以自由滑动。本发明能够准确实时捕获手部运动姿态，从而操纵计算机生成的虚拟物体，实现方便快捷、真实感更强的人机交互。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光纤传感，尤其涉及一种基于光纤光栅的数据手套及交互系统，能够实时准确获得手部姿态，从而实现与计算机高效交互的数据手套。
背景技术
随着虚拟现实技术的发展，传统的人机交互设备，如键盘、鼠标、操纵杆等，由于缺乏操作灵活性，并且真实感不强，已经渐渐不能满足操作者的需求。数据手套为人机交互提供了一种新的方式，通过数据手套，操作者可以把手势输入给计算机，从而可以自然地、灵活地操纵计算机所生成的虚拟物体。目前数据手套常用的传感器有：光纤传感器、磁力计、加速度计和力反馈等，这些传感器都有一定的优势和局限性。光纤光栅作为一种新兴的传感器，具有体积小、质量轻、抗电磁干扰、不受光强干扰、易于实现分布式传感网络、易植入等优点，将其应用于数据手套中，将有望提高数据手套的性能，进一步改善人机交互的质量。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明针对现有技术存在的问题，提供一种基于光纤光栅的数据手套及交互系统，用于准确实时捕获手部运动姿态，从而操纵计算机生成的虚拟物体，实现方便快捷、真实感更强的人机交互。
技术方案：本发明所述的基于光纤光栅的弯曲传感器，包括光纤光栅、记忆合金丝和金属毛细管，所述光纤光栅粘贴于记忆合金丝上，记忆合金丝的一端设有固定端，用于固定在待检测物体上，另一端置于金属毛细管中，从而使记忆合金丝可以自由滑动。
进一步的，所述光纤光栅采用环氧树脂胶粘贴于记忆合金丝上。所述固定端采用环氧树脂胶固定。
本发明所述的基于光纤光栅的数据手套，包括上述的弯曲传感器、手套本体、光纤和光纤接头，所述弯曲传感器通过固定端固定在手套本体的手指位置处，弯曲传感器通过光纤连接至光纤接头。
进一步的，所述弯曲传感器具体布设于手套本体的手指关节范围处，并使弯曲传感器的光纤光栅正对手指关节。
进一步的，所述弯曲传感器共布设有14个，光纤接头共布设有5个，其中，在手套本体大拇指的两个关节处上各布设有1个弯曲传感器，在其余手指的三个关节处各布设有1个弯曲传感器，一个手指上的弯曲传感器通过一根光纤熔接光纤光栅方式串接起来，一根光纤末端熔接一个光纤接头，从而形成分布式网络。
进一步的，所述光纤接头具体为FC/PC接头。所述手套本体具体为尼龙手套。
本发明所述的基于光纤光栅的数据手套交互系统，包括上述的数据手套、多通道光纤光栅解调仪和计算机，多通道光纤光栅解调仪和数据手套之间通过光纤连接，计算机与多通道光纤光栅解调仪之间通过网线连接。
有益效果：本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点是：本发明能够准确实时捕获手部运动姿态，从而操纵计算机生成的虚拟物体，实现方便快捷、真实感更强的人机交互，灵活性和舒适性更强。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的基于光纤光栅的弯曲传感器的一个实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明提供的基于光纤光栅的数据手套的一个实施例的结构示意图；
图3是本发明提供的基于光纤光栅的数据手套交互系统的一个实施例的系统示意图；
图4是结构弯曲示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种基于光纤光栅的弯曲传感器，如图1所示，包括光纤光栅111、记忆合金丝112和金属毛细管113，记忆合金丝直径为1mm左右，光纤光栅111采用环氧树脂胶粘贴于记忆合金丝112上，记忆合金丝发生形变时，光纤光栅的中心波长发生变化，根据此数据可计算出弯曲角度。记忆合金丝112的一端设有固定端114，具体为环氧树脂胶，用于固定在待检测物体(例如手套)上，另一端置于金属毛细管113中，金属毛细管的内径为3mm左右，长度为5mm左右，使记忆合金丝112可自由滑动。因为记忆合金丝具有超弹性，可以保证光纤光栅在非工作状态下不受应力，避免其长期处于疲劳状态下，延长了光纤光栅的使用寿命。同时记忆合金丝可以避免光纤光栅111在大角度弯曲的状态下被拉断，保证了传感器的强度。记忆合金丝的直径很小，同时采用一端固定、一端可自由滑动的方式可以减小传感器对关节的阻力，使数据手套的灵活性和舒适性更强。因此该传感器具有轻巧、柔性好、植入性好、可靠性性高、寿命长等特点。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种基于光纤光栅的数据手套，如图2所示，包括实施例1中的弯曲传感器11、手套本体12、光纤13和光纤接头14，弯曲传感器11通过固定端104固定在手套本体12的手指位置处，弯曲传感器11通过光纤13连接至光纤接头14。为保证佩戴的舒适性，减少手指弯曲时手套表面产生的褶皱，手套本体12具体可采用尼龙材料。光纤接头14具体可采用FC/PC接头。
同时参考图1和图2，弯曲传感器11具体布设于手套本体12的手指关节范围处，并使弯曲传感器11的光纤光栅101正对手指关节。具体的，弯曲传感器11共布设有14个，光纤接头14共布设有5个，其中，在手套本体12大拇指的两个关节处上各布设有1个弯曲传感器11，在其余手指的三个关节处各布设有1个弯曲传感器11，一个手指上的弯曲传感器11通过一根光纤13熔接光纤光栅101方式串接起来，一根光纤13末端熔接一个光纤接头14，从而形成分布式网络。为利用光纤光栅的空分复用和波分复用特性，每根手指上传感器所采用光纤光栅的中心波长间隔10nm，避免在大角度弯曲状态下，相邻光纤光栅之间的相互干扰。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种基于光纤光栅的数据手套交互系统，如图3所示，包括实施例2中的数据手套1、多通道光纤光栅解调仪2和计算机3，多通道光纤光栅解调仪2和数据手套1之间通过光纤4连接，计算机3与多通道光纤光栅解调仪2之间通过网线5连接。多通道光纤光栅解调仪2为至少5通道的光纤光栅解调仪2，其采集数据手套中各光纤光栅的中心波长数据并送给计算机3，计算机3通过TCP/IP协议与多通道光纤光栅解调仪2进行通信，实时获得各个光纤光栅的中心波长数据，根据中心波长变化量与弯曲角度之间的函数关系，将光纤光栅解调仪获得的数据转化为各个手指关节的弯曲角度，实时获得手部的运动姿态，从而操纵计算机生成的虚拟物体，实现方便快捷的人机交互。
其中，计算每个手指关节处的弯曲角度的原理如下：
当测量环境周围的温度保持恒定时，光纤光栅的中心波长λ偏移量Δλ与被测对象测量点处应变ε满足：
Pe表示光纤光栅的光弹系数。
如图4所示，在纯弯曲条件下，结构受压或受拉作用而产生弯曲变形时，形状近似为弧状。中心层长度不变，受拉一侧长度变长，受压一侧长度变短，所发生的长度L变化ΔL符合下式：
L+ΔL＝(ρ+h/2)θ
ρ表示曲率半径，h表示光纤光栅到中性轴的距离，θ表示弯曲角度。(请补充)
根据材料力学理论，可得应变为：
综合以上三式，可得弯曲角度θ与中心波长λ变化的关系如下式：
此函数关系为理论关系，由于环氧树脂胶、粘贴误差等因素的影响，在计算之前，应先对传感器进行标定，对波长与角度的函数关系进行修正，提高测量精度。通过此函数，计算机即可实时准确获得手部姿态，可以在虚拟环境中重构出手部姿态，也可以操纵计算机生成的虚拟物体，实现方便快捷的人机交互。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已，不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种基于光纤光栅的弯曲传感器，其特征在于：包括光纤光栅(111)、记忆合金丝(112)和金属毛细管(113)，所述光纤光栅(111)粘贴于记忆合金丝(112)上，记忆合金丝(112)的一端设有固定端(114)，用于固定在待检测物体上，另一端置于金属毛细管(113)中，从而使记忆合金丝(112)可以自由滑动。
2.根据权1所述的基于光纤光栅的弯曲传感器，其特征在于：所述光纤光栅(101)采用环氧树脂胶粘贴于记忆合金丝(103)上。
3.根据权1所述的基于光纤光栅的弯曲传感器，其特征在于：所述固定端(114)采用环氧树脂胶固定。
4.一种基于光纤光栅的数据手套，其特征在于：包括权1中所述的弯曲传感器(11)、手套本体(12)、光纤(13)和光纤接头(14)，所述弯曲传感器(11)通过固定端(104)固定在手套本体(12)的手指位置处，弯曲传感器(11)通过光纤(13)连接至光纤接头(14)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的基于光纤光栅的数据手套，其特征在于：所述弯曲传感器(11)具体布设于手套本体(12)的手指关节范围处，并使弯曲传感器(11)的光纤光栅(101)正对手指关节。
6.根据权利要求5所述的基于光纤光栅的数据手套，其特征在于：所述弯曲传感器(11)共布设有14个，光纤接头(14)共布设有5个，其中，在手套本体(12)大拇指的两个关节处上各布设有1个弯曲传感器(11)，在其余手指的三个关节处各布设有1个弯曲传感器(11)，一个手指上的弯曲传感器(11)通过一根光纤(13)熔接光纤光栅(101)方式串接起来，每根光纤(13)末端熔接一个光纤接头(14)，从而形成分布式网络。
7.根据权利要求4所述的基于光纤光栅的数据手套，其特征在于：所述光纤接头(14)具体为FC/PC接头。
8.根据权利要求4所述的基于光纤光栅的数据手套，其特征在于：所述手套本体(12)具体为尼龙手套。
9.一种基于光纤光栅的数据手套交互系统，其特征在于：包括权4中所述的数据手套(1)、多通道光纤光栅解调仪(2)和计算机(3)，多通道光纤光栅解调仪(2)和数据手套(1)之间通过光纤(4)连接，计算机(3)与多通道光纤光栅解调仪(2)之间通过网线(5)连接。
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