CN107015021B - A kind of three-dimensional observation method for the secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs - Google Patents
A kind of three-dimensional observation method for the secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs Download PDFInfo
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- CN107015021B CN107015021B CN201710248547.7A CN201710248547A CN107015021B CN 107015021 B CN107015021 B CN 107015021B CN 201710248547 A CN201710248547 A CN 201710248547A CN 107015021 B CN107015021 B CN 107015021B
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- fluid
- sliding block
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- flow velocity
- friction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/18—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
- G01P5/20—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using particles entrained by a fluid stream
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional observation method of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs, building customizes sliding block, makes it have a transparent inclined-plane for capableing of the reflective liquid virtual image, and customization sliding block is arranged in parallel with substrate, and formation friction is secondary, fluid is limited in the gap of the two；Fluorescent material is added in customization sliding block and the fluid of substrate, light source is set, so that the convergence of rays that light source issues, assembles with the fluorescent material in bleaching fluid across substrate, generate fluid marker；The optical imagery of fluid marker thickness direction and the light of fluid marker sending are customized the slant reflection of sliding block when by acquiring and compare customization sliding block and opposing stationary substrate and when relative motion, the optical imagery of the virtual image of formation, to obtain the three-dimensional information of friction secondary fluid film flow velocity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to friction secondary fluid measured thin film fields, and in particular to a kind of three-dimensional for the secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs
Observation method.
Background technique
Fluid film is widely present in microfluidic device, bearing and the lubrication of organism.Hydrodynamic lubrication and elasticity
Hydrodynamic lubrication axial flow velocity complex distribution, in addition to the pure shear as caused by two surface relative sliding velocities is flowed, it is also possible to
In the presence of the pressure flow as caused by barometric gradient.
The distribution of fluid film axial flow velocity is influenced by many factors such as the architectural characteristic of lubricating oil and interfacial wettabilities, flow velocity
Distribution shape is extremely complex.It is mainly at present theoretical calculation to the velocity flow profile research of fluid film thickness, lacks effectively direct three
Tie up observation method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, proposes a kind of three-dimensional observation method of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs, this
The three-dimensional flow measurement that fluid can be achieved in limitation gap is invented, and measuring accuracy is high.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of three-dimensional observation method for the secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs, comprising the following steps:
(1) building customization sliding block, makes it have the transparent inclined-plane for capableing of the reflective liquid virtual image, and customization sliding block is parallel with substrate
Setting forms friction pair, fluid is limited in the gap of the two；
(2) fluorescent material is added in customization sliding block and the fluid of substrate, light source is set, so that the light meeting that light source issues
It is poly-, it assembles across substrate with the fluorescent material in bleaching fluid, generates fluid marker；
(3) optical imagery of fluid marker thickness direction and fluid marker hair when acquisition customizes sliding block and opposing stationary substrate
Light out is customized the slant reflection of sliding block, forms the optical imagery of the virtual image, and records the time；
(4) optical imagery of fluid marker thickness direction and fluid marker hair when acquisition customizes sliding block and substrate relative motion
Light out is customized the slant reflection of sliding block, forms the optical imagery of the virtual image, and records the time；
(5) image obtained in step (3) and step (4) is compared, obtains friction secondary fluid film normal in the secondary fortune of friction
Dynamic direction is with parallel friction secondary motion direction along the flow rate information of thickness change.
In the step (1), relative variability can occur for the position for customizing sliding block and substrate, and the variation is defined in level
On direction.
In the step (1), sliding block is customized, there is upper and lower two parallel water planes, side is inclined-plane, the figure of fluid marker
As passing through the slant reflection, the virtual image is formed.
In the step (1), customization sliding block is transparent material.
In the step (1), the angle in inclined-plane same level face is 30 degree~60 degree.
In the step (1), chamfered surface is coated with high-reflecting film, and sliding block lower surface and substrate are coated with anti-reflection film.
In the step (2), fluid is limited between substrate and customization sliding block, and the light source of lighting mechanism will across substrate
The luminous intensity of fluid marker illumination, fluid marker region is different from non-marked area.
In the step (3), the light that fluid marker issues is through the first object lens and spectroscope, by the first lens imaging to the
One sensor obtains the optical imagery perpendicular to fluid marker thickness direction, and the light for issuing fluid marker is customized sliding block
Slant reflection, form the virtual image of label, the light of the virtual image of label is through substrate, the second object lens and the second lens imaging to second
On imaging sensor.
In the step (5), first sensor obtains image and the secondary relative motion that rubs when comparison friction is secondary opposing stationary
When first sensor obtain image, seek friction secondary fluid film normal in friction secondary motion direction flow rate information.
In the step (5), second sensor obtains image and the secondary relative motion that rubs when comparison friction is secondary opposing stationary
When second sensor obtain image, seek friction secondary fluid film parallel friction secondary motion direction difference film thickness position flow velocity letter
Breath.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) present invention realizes three-dimensional flow measurement of the fluid in limitation gap, and measuring accuracy is high.
(2) the configuration of the present invention is simple, it is easy to operate, it can directly observe the three-dimensional flow distributed intelligence of fluid film.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is the measuring device schematic diagram that the method for the present invention is formed；
Fig. 2 is test device partial enlarged view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the image information schematic diagram obtained when friction is secondary opposing stationary；
Fig. 4 is the image information schematic diagram obtained when rubbing secondary relative motion；
Fig. 5 is from acquisition image zooming-out flow rate information schematic diagram；
Wherein, 1, fluid marker, 2, customization sliding block, 3, the virtual image marked, 4, substrate, the 5, first object lens, 6, spectroscope, 7,
Light source, the 8, first lens, the 9, first imaging sensor, the 10, second imaging sensor, the 11, second lens, the 12, second object lens,
13, fluid marker when friction is secondary opposing stationary, 14, friction it is secondary opposing stationary when first sensor obtain image, 15, rub secondary phase
To it is static when second sensor obtain image, 16, rub secondary relative motion when fluid marker, 17, rub secondary relative motion when the
One sensor obtains image, 18, rub secondary relative motion when second sensor obtain image.
Specific embodiment:
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As background technique is introduced, it is mainly to the axial flow velocity distribution research of fluid film thickness at present in the prior art
Theoretical calculation lacks effectively direct observation method, and in order to solve technical problem as above, present applicant proposes a kind of customization sliding blocks
Friction secondary fluid film axial flow velocity imaging measurement method.
The three-dimensional observation method for customizing the friction secondary fluid film flow velocity of sliding block is as follows:
Step 1: fluorescent material is added in customization sliding block 2 and the fluid of substrate 4, the intensity of light source 7 is improved, by light source 7
The light of sending is assembled through spectroscope 6 and the first object lens 5, is assembled across substrate 4 with the fluorescent material in bleaching fluid, is generated stream
Body label 1 adjusts the collimation camera lens of light source 7, reduces the intensity of light source 7, Uniform Illumination fluid marker 1.
Step 2: adjustment system, the light for issuing fluid marker 1 is through the first object lens 5 and spectroscope 6, by the first lens 8
It is imaged onto first sensor, obtains the optical imagery perpendicular to 1 thickness direction of fluid marker, the light for issuing fluid marker 1
It is customized the slant reflection of sliding block 2, forms the virtual image 3 of label, the light of the virtual image 3 of label is through substrate 4, the second object lens 12 and
Two lens 11 are imaged on the second imaging sensor 10.
Step 3: second when first sensor obtains image 14 and secondary opposing stationary friction when acquisition friction is secondary opposing stationary
Sensor obtains image 15, and records the time.
Step 4: second when first sensor obtains image 17 and friction pair relative motion when acquiring friction pair relative motion
Sensor obtains image 18, and records the time.
Step 5: it compares first when first sensor when rubbing secondary opposing stationary obtains image 14 and friction pair relative motion
Sensor obtains image 17, seeks friction secondary fluid film normal in the flow rate information of friction secondary motion direction.
Step 6: it compares second when second sensor when rubbing secondary opposing stationary obtains image 15 and friction pair relative motion
Sensor obtains image 18, seeks the flow rate information of friction secondary fluid film parallel friction secondary motion direction difference film thickness position.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, as shown in Figure 1, technical principle of the invention is using dynamically labeled
Technology, to friction, secondary fluid is marked, and using empty imaging technique, is laterally and axially observed fluid marker.Using
Device by lighting system, friction pair, lateral optical observation system, axial direction optical observation system form；Lighting system includes: light
Source 7, spectroscope 6, the first object lens 5；Friction pair includes: fluid marker 1, customization sliding block 2, substrate 4；Lateral optical observation system packet
It includes: the first object lens 5, the first lens 8 and the first imaging sensor 9；Axial optical observation system includes the second lens 11, the second object
Mirror 12 and the second imaging sensor 10；Axial optical observation system observes the so-called virtual image 3 of fluid marker 1.Lateral optical observation
The optical imagery (x-y plane) of system record and measurement perpendicular to 1 thickness direction of fluid marker, axial optical observation system record
With measurement by 2 reflectance coating of customization sliding block to the institute of fluid marker 1 at the virtual image 3, i.e., carry out imaging measurement along 1 thickness direction of fluid marker
(y-z plane).
Customization sliding block 2 in above-mentioned test device uses transparent material, is inclined wedge block structure, upper and lower two parallel, horizontals
Face, side are inclined-plane, and inclined-plane is 30 degree~60 degree with the angle of bottom surface, and chamfered surface plates high-reflecting film, sliding block lower surface and base
Plate anti-reflection film in bottom.
Concrete operations are as follows:
Step 1: fluorescent material is added in customization sliding block 2 and the fluid of substrate 4, the intensity of light source 7 is improved, by light source 7
The light of sending is assembled through spectroscope 6 and the first object lens 5, is assembled across substrate 4 with the fluorescent material in bleaching fluid, is generated stream
Body label 1 adjusts the collimation camera lens of light source 7, reduces the intensity of light source 7, Uniform Illumination fluid marker 1.
Step 2: adjustment system, the light for issuing fluid marker 1 is through the first object lens 5 and spectroscope 6, by the first lens 8
It is imaged onto first sensor, obtains the optical imagery perpendicular to 1 thickness direction of fluid marker, the light for issuing fluid marker 1
It is customized the slant reflection of sliding block 2, forms the virtual image 3 of label, the light of the virtual image 3 of label is through substrate 4, the second object lens 12 and
Two lens 11 are imaged on the second imaging sensor 10.
Step 3: second when first sensor obtains image 14 and secondary opposing stationary friction when acquisition friction is secondary opposing stationary
Sensor obtains image 15, and records the time.
Step 4: substrate 4 moves along the x-axis direction relative to customization sliding block 2, acquires the first sensing when rubbing secondary relative motion
Second sensor obtains image 18 when device obtains image 17 and friction pair relative motion, and records the time.
Step 5: it compares first when first sensor when rubbing secondary opposing stationary obtains image 14 and friction pair relative motion
Sensor obtains image 17, seeks friction secondary fluid film normal in the flow rate information of friction secondary motion direction.
Step 6: it compares second when second sensor when rubbing secondary opposing stationary obtains image 15 and friction pair relative motion
Sensor obtains image 18, seeks the flow rate information of friction secondary fluid film parallel friction secondary motion direction difference film thickness position.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of three-dimensional observation method for the secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs, it is characterized in that: the following steps are included:
(1) building customization sliding block, makes it have the transparent inclined-plane for capableing of the reflective liquid virtual image, and sliding block is parallel with substrate sets for customization
It sets, forms friction pair, fluid is limited in the gap of the two；The customization sliding block is inclined wedge block structure, and upper and lower two flat
Row horizontal plane, side are inclined-plane, and the image of fluid marker passes through the slant reflection, forms the virtual image；
(2) fluorescent material is added in customization sliding block and the fluid of substrate, light source is set, so that the convergence of rays that light source issues,
It assembles across substrate with the fluorescent material in bleaching fluid, generates fluid marker；
(3) optical imagery of fluid marker thickness direction and fluid marker issue when acquisition customizes sliding block and opposing stationary substrate
Light is customized the slant reflection of sliding block, the optical imagery of the virtual image of formation, and records the time；
(4) optical imagery of fluid marker thickness direction and fluid marker issue when acquisition customizes sliding block and substrate relative motion
Light is customized the slant reflection of sliding block, the optical imagery of the virtual image of formation, and records the time；
(5) image obtained in step (3) and step (4) is compared, obtains friction secondary fluid film normal in friction secondary motion side
To the flow rate information with parallel friction secondary motion direction along thickness change.
2. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(1) in, relative variability can occur for the position for customizing sliding block and substrate, and the variation is defined in horizontal direction.
3. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(1) in, customization sliding block is transparent material.
4. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(1) in, the angle in inclined-plane same level face is 30 degree~60 degree.
5. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(1) in, chamfered surface is coated with high-reflecting film, and sliding block lower surface and substrate are coated with anti-reflection film.
6. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(2) in, fluid is limited between substrate and customization sliding block, and the light source of lighting mechanism passes through substrate and illuminates fluid marker, flows
The luminous intensity of body marked region is different from non-marked area.
7. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(3) in, the light that fluid marker issues is hung down through the first object lens and spectroscope by the first lens imaging to first sensor
Directly in the optical imagery of fluid marker thickness direction, the light for issuing fluid marker is customized the slant reflection of sliding block, is formed
The virtual image of label, the light of the virtual image of label is through on substrate, the second object lens and the second lens imaging to the second imaging sensor.
8. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(5) it in, compares first sensor when first sensor when rubbing secondary opposing stationary obtains image and friction pair relative motion and obtains
Image seeks friction secondary fluid film normal in the flow rate information of friction secondary motion direction.
9. the three-dimensional observation method of a kind of secondary fluid film flow velocity that rubs as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step
(5) it in, compares second sensor when second sensor when rubbing secondary opposing stationary obtains image and friction pair relative motion and obtains
Image seeks friction secondary fluid film parallel friction secondary motion direction along the flow rate information of thickness change.
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| US6653651B1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2003-11-25 | Carl D. Meinhart | Micron resolution particle image velocimeter |
| CN1677166A (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-05 | 宋柏君 | 3-D image displaying method |
| CN102435770B (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2013-03-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Three-dimensional stereo particle image speed-measuring system for single camera |
| CN103048114B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-11-19 | 浙江大学 | Testing device and method for three-dimensional PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) internal flow field testing system of hydraulic retarder |
| CN103197095B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-08-12 | 天津大学 | Hierarchical synchronization three dimensional particles image speed measurement method and apparatus |
| CN103267543B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2016-02-17 | 中国计量学院 | Microscopic particles image micro-flow measurement instrument and method |
| CN204461710U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-07-08 | 黄真理 | A kind of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) three dimensional fluid detection system |
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