CN107014436A - Flame soot monitoring device and method based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure - Google Patents
Flame soot monitoring device and method based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention belongs to a kind of the flame soot monitoring device and method based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure of flame monitoring technical field.The device is the electrical integrated sensor array of electrostatic pressure being made up of in combustion chamber installation monofilament electrostatic transducer and piezoelectric transducer.The local sensitivity region of monofilament electrostatic transducer, can be measured to flame inside charged particle and particle, and sensitizing range position can be adjusted in flame inside；Piezoelectric film sensor is directly wound in the exposed one end on the outside of combustion chamber of monofilament electrode, can sense particle and collide the elastic stress wave produced with electrode.The signal of the electrical integrated sensor array output of electrostatic pressure is handled by the time-domain analysis in data analysis unit, computing cross-correlation, power spectral-density analysis, statistical analysis etc., the real-time monitoring of the various features parameter such as flame inside charged particle and carbon soot particles charge polarity, concentration of electric charges, speed and carbon soot particles concentration can be achieved, is significant to improving atmospheric environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flame monitoring technical field, more particularly to a kind of flame based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure
Soot monitoring device and method.
Background technology
Combustion process is widely present in the industry such as electric power, metallurgy, chemical industry, traffic, food, and soot is combustion of fossil fuel
During imperfect combustion produce Dominant particle thing, energy utilization rate can be caused to reduce, cost increase.Moreover, soot is big
One of gas pollutant PM important sources, under very low ambient concentration, soot all can cause serious to human health
Harm, such as teratogenesis, carcinogenic, cause somatic mutations.In addition, particulate matter is also considered to be beyond removing carbon dioxide because of its radiation characteristic
Cause the soot in the key factor of global warming, particulate matter to can result in positive Radiative Forcing, dramatically weaken air
Aerosol has a strong impact on radiation balance of atmosphere and Global climate change to the cooling effect of the earth.Therefore, grinding for soot
Study carefully the highest attention for enjoying international energy and Environmental Studies field always.At present, both at home and abroad for soot precursor molecules, carbon
The physical process of cigarette particulate generation, the theoretical research under hot environment the problems such as particle shape changing rule, which are achieved, certain to be entered
Step, but science, comprehensively description are not obtained yet.
Existing carbon soot particles monitoring technology includes the contact type measurement technologies such as thermocouple particle sedimentation, based on scanning electricity
The particle diameter analytical technology of mobility particle diameter spectrometer (SMPS) and such as laser induced incandescence method (LII), planar laser induction
The non-contact measuring technologies, measurable fire such as fluorescent technique (PLIF), the measuring method of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)
In flame in the flame such as soot volume fraction, particle size distribution, particle instantaneous velocity carbon soot particles quantitative or qualitative information.Light
Method has the advantages that high accuracy, quick response, noncontact, but because involving great expense, optical system is complicated, measurement distance is limited,
Easily influenceed by external environment, it is difficult in the engineering severe applied to actual complex.
Burning is the oxidation reaction emitted light and heat, and flame falls within one kind of fluid in terms of aerodynamic point.Burned
Cheng Zhong, flame inside is filled with substantial amounts of zwitterion and free electron, the influence carbon soot particles formation of these charged particles
Chemical process.After carbon soot particles are formed, charged particle produces collision or thermoionization effect with carbon soot particles makes carbon soot particles again
It is powered.Spatial distribution to charged particle in flame and carbon soot particles is measured in real time, obtains the various features of carbon soot particles
Parameter, can promote the understanding to Soot Formation process and mechanism, and then the generation for the control carbon soot particles that take effective measures, to drop
Low environment disposal of pollutants.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure and
Method, it is characterised in that the flame soot monitoring device be burning the electrical integrated sensor array of indoor location electrostatic pressure,
The electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure is made up of monofilament electrostatic transducer and piezoelectric transducer；The electrical integrated sensor array of electrostatic pressure
Output be connected with signal condition unit, signal condition unit is connected by sampling apparatus with data analysis unit；Wherein, data
Analytic unit is made up of time-domain analysis, statistical analysis, cross-correlation calculation and power spectral-density analysis；And using appropriate signal point
Analysis treatment technology is monitored in real time to the distribution of flame inside carbon soot particles carried charge, concentration distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, so as to realize
Monitoring to flame inside charged particle and carbon soot particles.
The electrical integrated sensor array of electrostatic pressure is by the electrical integrated sensor group of multiple electrostatic pressures into vertical direction
Be arranged from flame root to flame envelope, the spatial resolution that spacing is monitored according to flame inside carbon soot particles is adjusted, with 2 to
5mm is advisable, and flame is passed through in horizontal direction, and the wall of combustion chamber two is run through at two ends, and transducer transversely length is with more than chamber length
It is advisable.
The monofilament electrostatic transducer has local sensitivity region and de-militarized zone, and wherein sensitizing range is two layers of knot
Structure；De-militarized zone is three-decker：Monofilament electrode is first layer, and monofilament electrode surface plating insulating barrier is the second layer, to avoid
Charged particle and the collision of powered carbon soot particles and electrode cause the direct transmission of electric charge, the plating metallic shield of de-militarized zone outermost layer
Layer is third layer, to shield the interference of charged particle and carbon soot particles.
The monofilament electrode can be processed into by exotic materials such as tungsten, tungsten coppers, insulating barrier by exotic material corundum
Or quartz is processed into；Metal screen layer is processed into by exotic material stainless steel；The monofilament electrode diameter is with less than 1mm
It is advisable, to reduce the influence of electrode pair flame.
The piezoelectric film sensor is directly wound in the exposed one end on the outside of combustion chamber of monofilament electrode, from segregation fluorine
The materials such as ethene piezoelectric membrane (PVDF) are processed into, with by epoxy material between segregation fluoride piezo film and monofilament electrode
The gluing knot of industrial high temperature that material, aluminium silicate salt etc. are made.
The flame soot monitoring method of the flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure, it is special
Levy and be, including：
1) charged particle and band that regulation monofilament electrode sensitive region exists in the position of flame inside, measurement flame inside
Generation charge inducing of the electrical carbon smoke particle on monofilament electrode；
2) piezoelectric film sensor perceives carbon soot particles and electrode collision produces stress wave, and piezoelectric film sensor measurement should
Stress wave, and output charge signal,
3) charge signal is gathered by sampling apparatus after signal condition unit, is conveyed to data analysis unit；
4) data analysis unit passes sequentially through time-domain analysis and obtains flame regional area charged particle and carbon soot particles
Charge polarity, concentration of electric charges information obtained by statistical analysis, flame inside charged particle is obtained by cross-correlation calculation
The concentration information of flame inside carbon soot particles is obtained with the velocity information of carbon soot particles and by power spectral-density analysis, so that real
Now to the monitoring of flame inside charged particle and carbon soot particles.
Present invention has the advantages that the electrical integrated sensor array of electrostatic pressure is placed in combustion chambers burn by the device, and
The distribution of flame inside carbon soot particles carried charge, concentration distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION are carried out using appropriate signal analysis and processing technology
Monitoring in real time, obtains flame inside charged particle and carbon soot particles charge polarity, concentration of electric charges, speed and carbon soot particles concentration
Deng characteristic parameter.The understanding to Soot Formation process and mechanism can be promoted.And the information that can be obtained according to analysis takes corresponding control
Means processed, such as control combustion equivalent ratio, properly increase ignition temperature, effectively control particulate nucleation, growth, reunion, oxidation four
In the individual stage, realize that the removing to particulate matter and orientation are produced, to improving fuel efficiency, reducing danger of the carbon soot particles to health
The influence of evil and reduction soot to atmospheric environment and global climate is significant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flame carbon soot particles monitoring device theory structure schematic diagram.
In figure：1. combustion chamber；2. the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure；3. flame；4. monofilament electrostatic transducer；5. piezoelectricity is passed
Sensor.
Fig. 2 is monofilament electrostatic transducer diagrammatic cross-section.
In figure：6. monofilament electrode；7. insulating barrier；8. metal screen layer.
Fig. 3 is piezoelectric transducer right view.
In figure：9. piezoelectric film sensor.
Fig. 4 is that flame inside characteristic parameter monitors block diagram.
In figure：10. signal condition unit；11. data analysis unit.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of flame soot monitoring device and method based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure, can be achieved
Real-time monitoring to flame inside charged particle and carbon soot particles.The present invention is made furtherly with actual example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
It is bright as follows：
Fig. 1 show the flame soot monitoring device principle assumption diagram based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure；Shown in Fig. 4
Block diagram is monitored for flame inside characteristic parameter.The monitoring device of flame soot described in figure is that electrostatic piezoelectricity is installed in combustion chamber 1
The array of integrated transducer 2, the electrical integrated sensor 2 of electrostatic pressure is made up of monofilament electrostatic transducer 4 and piezoelectric transducer 5；Such as
Shown in Fig. 4, the output of the electrical integrated array of sensor 2 of electrostatic pressure is connected with signal condition unit 10, and signal condition unit 10 is led to
Over-sampling device is connected with data analysis unit 11；Wherein, data analysis unit 11 is by time-domain analysis, statistical analysis, cross-correlation
Calculate and power spectral-density analysis composition；And using appropriate signal analysis and processing technology to flame inside carbon soot particles carried charge
Distribution, concentration distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION are monitored in real time, so as to realize the prison to the internally charged particle of flame 3 and carbon soot particles
Survey.The electrical integrated array of sensor 2 of electrostatic pressure is installed in combustion chamber 1 to arrange inside flame 3, from flame 3 in vertical direction
Root is arranged to flame envelope, spacing can according to flame inside carbon soot particles monitor spatial resolution adjust, typically with 2 to
5mm is advisable, and flame 3 is passed through in horizontal direction, and 1 liang of combustion chamber wall is run through at two ends, and transducer transversely length more than combustion chamber 1 to grow
Degree is advisable.Wherein, the diagrammatic cross-section of monofilament electrostatic transducer 4 is as shown in Fig. 2 monofilament electrostatic transducer has local sensitivity area
Domain and de-militarized zone, wherein sensitizing range are double-layer structure；De-militarized zone is three-decker：De-militarized zone is by metal screen
Layer 8 is covered to shield.Monofilament electrode 6 is first layer, and the surface of monofilament electrode 6 plating insulating barrier 7 is the second layer, to avoid charged particle and band
Electrical carbon smoke particle and electrode collision cause the direct transmission of electric charge, and de-militarized zone outermost layer plating metal screen layer 8 is third layer
To shield the interference of charged particle and carbon soot particles.The monofilament electrode can be processed into by exotic materials such as tungsten, tungsten coppers, insulation
Layer is processed into by the corundum or quartz of exotic material；Metal screen layer is processed into by exotic material stainless steel；It is described
The diameter of monofilament electrode 6 is as small as possible, to be advisable less than 1mm, to reduce the influence of electrode pair flame, to realize flame partial zones
Domain charged particle and carbon soot particles concentration of electric charges, the measurement of charge polarity.
The right view of piezoelectric transducer as shown in Figure 3, piezoelectric transducer 5 is directly wound in monofilament electrode 6 by piezoelectric membrane 9
Exposed one end in the outside of combustion chamber 1.Carbon soot particles and electrode collision produce stress wave, and piezoelectric membrane 5 devices of sensing are measurable should
Stress wave, and output charge signal, piezoelectric film sensor 5 can select the material systems such as segregation fluoride piezo film 9 (PVDF)
Into the gluing knot of the industrial high temperature being made up of epoxy material, aluminium silicate salt etc. can be used between piezoelectric membrane 9 and monofilament electrode 6.To electricity
Lotus signal is nursed one's health, gathered and handled, and the measurement of flame carbon soot particles concentration can be achieved.
Flame inside characteristic parameter monitoring block diagram as shown in Figure 4, the flame based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure
The flame soot monitoring method of soot monitoring device, including step are as follows：
1) sensitizing range of regulation monofilament electrode 4 exists in the position of flame inside, measurement flame inside charged particle and
The charge inducing that powered carbon soot particles are produced on monofilament electrode；
2) piezoelectric film sensor 5 perceives carbon soot particles and electrode collision produces stress wave, and piezoelectric film sensor 5 is measured
The stress wave, and output charge signal；
3) signal condition unit 10 gathers charge signal by sampling apparatus, is conveyed to data analysis unit 11；Data point
Analysis unit 11 is made up of time-domain analysis, statistical analysis, cross-correlation calculation and power spectral-density analysis, and data analysis unit 11 passes through
Time-domain analysis obtains the charge polarity of flame regional area charged particle and carbon soot particles, it is dense to obtain electric charge by statistical analysis
Degree information, the velocity information for obtaining by cross-correlation calculation flame inside charged particle and carbon soot particles and by power spectrum
Density analysis obtains the concentration information of flame inside carbon soot particles；So as to realize to the internally charged particle of flame 3 and carbon soot particles
Monitoring.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure, it is characterised in that the flame soot
Monitoring device is that, in the burning electrical integrated sensor array of indoor location electrostatic pressure, the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure is quiet by monofilament
Electric transducer and piezoelectric transducer composition；The output of the electrical integrated sensor array of electrostatic pressure is connected with signal condition unit, letter
Number conditioning unit is connected by sampling apparatus with data analysis unit；Wherein, data analysis unit is by time-domain analysis, statistical
Analysis, cross-correlation calculation and power spectral-density analysis composition；And using appropriate signal analysis and processing technology to flame inside soot
The distribution of particle charge amount, concentration distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION are monitored in real time, so as to realize to flame inside charged particle and soot
The monitoring of particle.
2. the flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The electrical integrated sensor array of electrostatic pressure is by the electrical integrated sensor group of multiple electrostatic pressures into from flame root in vertical direction
Portion is arranged to flame envelope, and the spatial resolution that spacing is monitored according to flame inside carbon soot particles is adjusted, and is advisable with 2 to 5mm, water
Square it is upward through flame, the wall of combustion chamber two is run through at two ends, transducer transversely length more than chamber length to be advisable.
3. the flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The monofilament electrostatic transducer has local sensitivity region and de-militarized zone, and wherein sensitizing range is double-layer structure；It is non-sensitive
Region is three-decker：Monofilament electrode be first layer, monofilament electrode surface plating insulating barrier be the second layer, with avoid charged particle and
Powered carbon soot particles and electrode collision causes the direct transmission of electric charge, and de-militarized zone outermost layer plating metal screen layer is the 3rd
Layer, to shield the interference of charged particle and carbon soot particles.
4. the flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The monofilament electrode can be processed into by exotic materials such as tungsten, tungsten coppers, and insulating barrier is added by the corundum or quartz of exotic material
Work is made；Metal screen layer is processed into by exotic material stainless steel；The monofilament electrode diameter to be advisable less than 1mm, with
Reduce the influence of electrode pair flame.
5. the flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The piezoelectric film sensor is directly wound in the exposed one end on the outside of combustion chamber of monofilament electrode, from segregation PVF piezoelectricity
The materials such as film (PVDF) are processed into, with by epoxy material and alumina silicate between segregation fluoride piezo film and monofilament electrode
The gluing knot of industrial high temperature that salt is mixed.
6. a kind of flame soot monitoring method of the flame soot monitoring device based on the electrical integrated sensor of electrostatic pressure, its feature
It is, including step is as follows：
1) regulation monofilament electrode sensitive region is in the position of flame inside, the charged particle of measurement flame inside presence and with electrical carbon
The charge inducing that smoke particle is produced on monofilament electrode；
2) piezoelectric film sensor perceives carbon soot particles and electrode collision produces stress wave, and piezoelectric film sensor measures the stress
Ripple, and output charge signal；
3) charge signal is gathered by sampling apparatus after signal condition unit, is conveyed to data analysis unit；
4) data analysis unit passes sequentially through the electric charge that time-domain analysis obtains flame regional area charged particle and carbon soot particles
Polarity, concentration of electric charges information obtained by statistical analysis, flame inside charged particle and carbon are obtained by cross-correlation calculation
The velocity information of smoke particle and the concentration information that flame inside carbon soot particles are obtained by power spectral-density analysis, so as to realize pair
The monitoring of flame inside charged particle and carbon soot particles.
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Cited By (1)
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