CN107012306A - A kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix - Google Patents
A kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107012306A CN107012306A CN201710254003.1A CN201710254003A CN107012306A CN 107012306 A CN107012306 A CN 107012306A CN 201710254003 A CN201710254003 A CN 201710254003A CN 107012306 A CN107012306 A CN 107012306A
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- Prior art keywords
- bearing matrix
- bearing
- heat treatment
- quenching
- machine tool
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix, bearing matrix deformation state control cold roll forming：Bearing matrix blank is prepared using conventional blank method first, cold rolling Plastic Forming then is carried out to bearing matrix blank, bearing matrix forging is obtained；The bearing matrix forging of cold roll forming carries out Quenching Treatment after turnery processing, is incubated after then being cooled down in quenching oil, the bearing matrix after quenching carries out temper.The present invention can effectively control bearing matrix retained austenite metastable organization's content and improve its stability, so that bearing matrix stability and bearing accuracy retentivity are improved, while having the advantages that efficiency high, energy consumption are low, easy to implement, environmentally friendly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the deformation heat of the technical field of bearing mnanufacture processing, more particularly to a kind of precision machine tool bearing matrix
Processing method.
Background technology
Precision machine tool is high-end manufacturing base support, and important work is played in national economy and national defense construction
With.Bearing is the key components and parts of precision machine tool, and its precision is directly connected to the machining accuracy and reliability of lathe.At present, with
Main shaft bearing is to restrict the critical bottleneck that China develops high-end precision machine tool for the precision machine tool bearing of representative, and its key problem is
Bearing accuracy retentivity.Because precision stability is poor, precision rapid decay loses during bearing is on active service, and accuracy life is short, nothing
Method long-term stable operation, very big influence is caused to machine finish and stability.
Precision machine tool bearing accuracy retentivity has important relationship with matrix stability.The inside and outside lasso of bearing is axle
The base part held, almost decides the precision, performance and cost of bearing.Relevant research shows, matrix during bearing is on active service
Metastable state tissue is heated, power effect occurs transformation and causes matrix change in size, is the key for causing bearing accuracy attenuation losses
Reason.Precision machine tool bearing matrix material based on the high-carbon-chromium bearing steels such as GCr15, in order that bearing matrix obtain high intensity,
High-wearing feature, generally adds the bearing matrix after the Technology for Heating Processing of lonneal, normative heat treatment remaining using marquench
Austenite content is generally more than 10%, and stability is poor, so as to significantly impact bearing accuracy retentivity.On overcoming
Problem is stated, for precision machine tool bearing mnanufacture, generally increases cold treatment process after quenching to reduce retained austenite quantity.To the greatest extent
Pipe cold treatment can promote portion of residual austenite change, but retained austenite by martensite around action of compressive stress also by
Cumulative strong, therefore retained austenite can not be completely eliminated, general effect is limited, and cold treatment process cycle length, energy consumption it is big,
Cost is high, is unfavorable for energy-conservation and environmental protection, implements more difficult, practical application limitation is more.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix, pass through cold rolling plasticity
Shaping is combined with heat treatment, using hereditation of the cold plastic deformation to retained austenite, and matched design is cold rolling and is heat-treated
Parameter, effectively controls retained austenite quantity and improves its stability, so as to improve bearing matrix stability.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem：A kind of deformation heat of precision machine tool bearing matrix
Processing method, it is characterised in that it is comprised the following specific steps that：
1) bearing matrix deformation state control cold roll forming：Bearing matrix hair is prepared using conventional blank method first
Base, then carries out cold rolling Plastic Forming to bearing matrix blank using cold rolling ring method, obtains bearing matrix forging；
2) bearing matrix metastable organization state control heat treatment：The bearing matrix forging of cold roll forming is laggard through turnery processing
Row Quenching Treatment, is incubated, the bearing matrix after quenching carries out temper after then being cooled down in quenching oil.
By such scheme, the step 1) in cold roll forming during, the strain of each part material of bearing matrix blank is
0.3~0.6, strain rate is 0.05/s~0.3/s.
By such scheme, the step 2) middle quenching is using vacuum hardening mode, and quenching temperature is less than bearing matrix
20~40 DEG C of material conventional quenching heating-up temperature, soaking time, in 10~30min scope, is quenched according to bearing matrix size Control
1~2h is incubated after fire cooling.
By such scheme, the step 2) in temper temperature higher than the conventional temperature of bearing matrix material
10~30 DEG C, tempering time according to bearing matrix size Control 1~2h scope.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention can comprehensively utilize the effect of cold deformation and heat treatment to control remaining Austria
Family name's body quantity simultaneously improves stability of retained austenite.Cold roll forming is controlled by bearing matrix deformation state, on the one hand, matrix material
The dislocation that the cold rolling plastic deformation of material experience is produced, condition is provided for the forming core of austenitization stage, reaches that refinement original austenite is brilliant
The purpose of grain, thinner crystal grain makes retained austenite by the higher elastic strain energy of martensite around, and retained austenite tends to
In film-form, and then improve the mechanical stability of retained austenite；On the other hand, material is controlled by rational rolling parameter
Strain and strain rate, the cold rolling plastic deformation under certain strain and strain rate scope can lift cementite in austenite
The solvability in change stage, promotes the carburetting behavior of the retained austenite of tempering stage, so as to lift the heat of retained austenite
Stability.By the state control heat treatment of bearing matrix metastable organization, the isothermal holding after quenching cooling can form a small amount of isothermal
Martensite, promotes the stability of retained austenite, and lower slightly quenching temperature and slightly higher tempering heating-up temperature are conducive to
The stability of retained austenite after residual austenite content and raising are tempered after quenching is reduced, so as to further increase bearing base
The structure stability of body.Moreover, compared to cold treatment, present invention process method is all based on conventional bearing matrix manufacturing process side
Method, it is easy to implement, time and energy resource consumption are small, not only ensure manufacture efficiency and cost, and be conducive to environmental protection.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below to the present invention specific embodiment be described in detail so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to by
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that apparent clearly being defined so as to be made to protection scope of the present invention.It is accurate with certain model
Exemplified by machine tool mainshaft bearing matrix, the deformation heat treatment method for improving its structure stability is implemented as follows：
(1) bearing matrix deformation state control cold roll forming：Bearing matrix is prepared using conventional blank method first
Blank, then carries out cold rolling Plastic Forming on numerical control cold-rolling mill to bearing matrix blank, obtains bearing matrix forging.It is cold rolled to
During shape, Rational choice rolling technological parameter makes each part material range of strain of matrix be to control material deformation state
0.35~0.55,0.1~0.25/s of strain rate scope.
(2) bearing matrix presses steady structural state control heat treatment：The bearing matrix forging of cold roll forming is after turnery processing
Carry out Quenching Treatment.Quenched in vacuum quencher, the control of bearing matrix quenching temperature is 810 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, during insulation
Between be 20min, then in quenching oil cool down after be incubated 2h.Bearing base after quenching is put into 200 DEG C of tempering furnace and carried out
2h tempers.
To the precision machine tool bearing matrix residual austenite by above-mentioned deformation heat treatment method and the acquisition of prior heat treatment method
Body is compared, as a result as shown in table 1
The inventive method of table 1. obtains the contrast of retained austenite relevant parameter with prior heat treatment method
It can be seen that from upper table contrast：Compared to prior heat treatment method, the remnants that deformation heat treatment method of the present invention is obtained are difficult to understand
Transformation amount under 2 grades of family name's body grain size number raising, content reduction about 1/4, strain inducing reduces the phase under about 46%, thermal drivers
About 13% can be improved by becoming activation, so that illustrate that the inventive method not only significantly reduces bearing matrix retained austenite quantity, and
And it is effectively improved the mechanical stability and heat endurance of retained austenite.
Cold rolling and each parameter (such as application, strain rate, temperature, time) of heat treatment the bound of the present invention, interval
Value can realize the present invention, embodiment numerous to list herein.
Examples detailed above is only the example demonstration to validity of the present invention and feasibility, not makees any formal to the present invention
Limitation, any specific simple change of every operation principle institute embodiment according to the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, still
It is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix, it is characterised in that it is comprised the following specific steps that：
1) bearing matrix deformation state control cold roll forming：Bearing matrix blank is prepared using conventional blank method first,
Then cold rolling Plastic Forming is carried out to bearing matrix blank using cold rolling ring method, obtains bearing matrix forging；
2) bearing matrix metastable organization state control heat treatment：The bearing matrix forging of cold roll forming is quenched after turnery processing
Fire processing, is incubated, the bearing matrix after quenching carries out temper after then being cooled down in quenching oil.
2. a kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix according to the claims 1, it is characterised in that
The step 1) in cold roll forming during, the strain of each part material of bearing matrix blank is 0.3~0.6, and strain rate is
0.05/s~0.3/s.
3. a kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix according to the claims 1, it is characterised in that
The step 2) middle quenching is using vacuum hardening mode, and quenching temperature is less than bearing matrix material conventional quenching heating-up temperature
20~40 DEG C, soaking time, in 10~30min scope, 1~2h is incubated after quenching cooling according to bearing matrix size Control.
4. a kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix according to the claims 1, it is characterised in that
The step 2) in temper temperature higher than conventional 10~30 DEG C of the temperature of bearing matrix material, tempering time root
According to bearing matrix size Control 1~2h scope.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710254003.1A CN107012306A (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | A kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710254003.1A CN107012306A (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | A kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107012306A true CN107012306A (en) | 2017-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710254003.1A Pending CN107012306A (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | A kind of deformation heat treatment method of precision machine tool bearing matrix |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108060291A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-22 | 武汉理工大学 | It improves cold looping mill rolling bearing ring obdurability and improves the manufacturing method of quenching distortion |
| CN108411096A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-08-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Improve the forming manufacturing method of M50 bearing matrix obdurability and dimensional stability |
| CN110628998A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-31 | 武汉理工大学 | Precise bearing assembly structure stabilization deformation phase change cooperative regulation and control method |
Citations (3)
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| CN104561461A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 人本集团有限公司 | Thermal treatment process of high carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN106086381A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of rolling deformation hot cold treatment method of lift shaft carrier ring performance |
| CN106467931A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-01 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of method of manufacturing technology of lifting bearer ring performance |
-
2017
- 2017-04-18 CN CN201710254003.1A patent/CN107012306A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104561461A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 人本集团有限公司 | Thermal treatment process of high carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN106086381A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of rolling deformation hot cold treatment method of lift shaft carrier ring performance |
| CN106467931A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-01 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of method of manufacturing technology of lifting bearer ring performance |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| 刘耀中 等: "轴承钢零件淬回火后的残余奥氏体", 《轴承》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108060291A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-22 | 武汉理工大学 | It improves cold looping mill rolling bearing ring obdurability and improves the manufacturing method of quenching distortion |
| CN108411096A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-08-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Improve the forming manufacturing method of M50 bearing matrix obdurability and dimensional stability |
| CN108411096B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-05-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Improve the forming manufacturing method of M50 bearing matrix obdurability and dimensional stability |
| CN110628998A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-31 | 武汉理工大学 | Precise bearing assembly structure stabilization deformation phase change cooperative regulation and control method |
| CN110628998B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2020-09-01 | 武汉理工大学 | Precise bearing assembly structure stabilization deformation phase change cooperative regulation and control method |
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Application publication date: 20170804 |
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