CN107010780B - urban rainwater purification method and hydraulic filter used by same - Google Patents
urban rainwater purification method and hydraulic filter used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN107010780B CN107010780B CN201710158932.2A CN201710158932A CN107010780B CN 107010780 B CN107010780 B CN 107010780B CN 201710158932 A CN201710158932 A CN 201710158932A CN 107010780 B CN107010780 B CN 107010780B
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 346
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
the invention mainly discloses a method for purifying urban rainwater and a hydraulic filter used by the same, and the technical scheme is as follows: collect including the rainwater, rainwater detects, precipitation treatment, pH valve handles, aeration treatment, biological purification, fine filtration and storage, and the hydraulic filter that uses includes first cartridge filter and second cartridge filter, and delivery port department is equipped with the detection chamber, detects through detecting the head that the water accords with the urban water requirement after, just with the water with carry in the water storage tank, otherwise carry first cartridge filter and second cartridge filter department with the water again and filter once more. The invention fully collects and purifies the rainwater, furthest realizes the collection, permeation, purification and utilization of the rainwater in the urban area on the premise of ensuring the urban waterlogging prevention safety, can effectively relieve and reduce the urban waterlogging pressure, has high purification efficiency, effectively improves the quality of the treated rainwater, promotes the utilization of rainwater resources and meets the requirement of sponge urban construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for purifying urban rainwater and a hydraulic filter used by the same.
background
With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the natural hydrologic cycle processes such as evaporation, infiltration and the like are seriously hindered, extreme weather increases, and rainstorm flood disasters frequently occur, so that the problems of frequent urban waterlogging, water environment pollution, large loss of rainwater resources and the like are caused, and even the situation that the waterlogging is necessary when raining occurs, but the underground water level is reduced year after year, the urban water shortage is serious, and the tap water supply of a plurality of cities and regions is difficult to synchronously keep pace with the urbanization development. Nowadays, people pay more and more attention to the development and utilization of water resources, and rainwater as a precious water resource makes a great contribution to energy conservation if being effectively collected and utilized. The initial rain water is, as the name suggests, rain water at the initial stage of rainfall. In the early stage of rainfall, a large amount of acid gases, automobile exhaust, factory waste gas and other pollutant gases in the air are dissolved in the rainwater, and after the rainwater falls to the ground, the rainwater in the early stage contains a large amount of pollutants due to scouring of roofs, asphalt concrete roads and the like, so that the pollution degree of the rainwater in the early stage is higher and even exceeds that of common urban sewage. At present, rainwater systems in cities mainly adopt a direct drainage mode for drainage, rainwater falling to the ground is directly drained into a river channel through a rainwater pipe, and the drainage mode is single, so that water resource pollution is undoubtedly caused. At present, rainfall runoff pollution becomes one of the main causes of surface water environmental pollution, and some water treatment methods need to be implemented artificially, so that rainwater can be recovered and reused conveniently, and therefore urban rainwater flooding and groundwater level decline can be slowed down, rainwater runoff pollution can be controlled, and urban ecological environment can be improved. Because the condition of air pollution in China is serious, more impurities are collected in the collected rainwater, the pollutant source is complex, the problem that the quality of the recycled water obtained by the existing rainwater purification device is too poor is solved, the use of an urban system cannot be well met, the comprehensive utilization rate of the collected rainwater is low, and the concept and the requirement of sponge urban construction and ecological environment protection are not met.
disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a method for purifying urban rainwater and a hydraulic jump filter used by the method, aiming at various defects in the prior art, the method fully collects and purifies the rainwater, realizes the collection, permeation, purification and utilization of the rainwater within the urban range to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring the urban waterlogging prevention safety, can effectively relieve and reduce the urban waterlogging pressure, has high purification efficiency, effectively improves the quality of the treated rainwater, promotes the utilization of rainwater resources, and meets the requirements of sponge urban construction.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for purifying urban rainwater comprises the following steps:
Step one, rainwater collection
Initial rainwater falling onto the ground enters the funnel-shaped rainwater collector along the drainage groove to be collected, the filtering screen on the rainwater collector primarily filters the rainwater to remove fallen leaves and garbage carried in the rainwater, the felting needles in the rainwater collector crush particulate matters in the rainwater after primary filtering again, and then the rainwater flows into the collecting pool along the collecting pipeline through the rainwater collector;
step two, rainwater detection
Collecting rainwater at least at four positions in a collecting pool in different directions and different heights by using a water collector for detection;
Step three, precipitation treatment
a. When it is detected that heavy metal ions in the water body exceed the standard, opening a first channel, introducing rainwater in a collecting tank into a heavy metal sedimentation tank, introducing the rainwater into the heavy metal sedimentation tank along mutually staggered inclined plates, intercepting the rainwater by using convex patterns arranged on the inclined plates, then opening a first feeding valve, adding a metal precipitator into the heavy metal sedimentation tank, and simultaneously starting a stirring device at the bottom of the heavy metal sedimentation tank to stir, so that heavy metals are precipitated and removed, and the harm degree of the heavy metals to the water body is reduced;
b. When suspended dust particles in rainwater exceed the standard, opening a second channel, introducing rainwater in the collecting tank into a dust settling tank, enabling the rainwater entering the dust settling tank to be firstly contacted with a wavy adsorption plate on the upper layer of the dust settling tank, adsorbing the suspended dust particles in the rainwater by an adsorbent on the adsorption plate, removing peculiar smell and abnormal color, enabling water flow to enter the lower layer of the dust settling tank through a water flowing hole on the adsorption plate, then opening a second feeding valve on the lower layer, adding a coagulant into the lower layer of the dust settling tank through a rotary spray head, enabling the coagulant to react with suspended matters and colloidal impurities in a water body, and allowing the formed precipitate to sink for 30 min;
step four, pH value treatment
a. Opening a third channel, introducing the water body treated in the third step into an acid-base treatment pool, and measuring the pH value of the water body in the acid-base treatment pool by an acidimeter;
b. If the detection result shows that the water is acidic, opening an alkaline control valve through a control system, introducing an alkaline agent which is adaptive to rainwater and is Na2CO3, NaHCO3 or lime, starting a stirrer, moving a stirring shaft up and down simultaneously so as to drive a stirring paddle to stir the whole water layer, collecting the water body again after reacting for 20min, carrying out detection, and if the detection result does not reach the standard, carrying out the steps again until the detection result meets the standard;
c. if the detection result shows that the water layer is alkaline, opening an acid control valve through a control system, adding an acid agent adaptive to rainwater according to the amount of introduced rainwater, starting a stirrer, moving a stirring shaft up and down simultaneously to drive a stirring paddle to stir the whole water layer, collecting the water body again after reacting for 20min, detecting, and if the detection result does not reach the standard, performing the steps again until the detection result meets the standard;
step five, aeration treatment
a. Introducing the water body treated in the fourth step into an aeration treatment tank, starting an air blower, introducing gas into the water body from bottom to top through an aeration pipe and an aeration nozzle, and simultaneously moving the aeration pipe along a track laid at the bottom of the aeration tank to expand the aeration range;
b. A micro-bubble releaser at the bottom of the aeration tank releases bubbles;
c. The mechanical impeller on the upper part of the aeration tank rotates to stir the water body in the aeration tank, so that oxygen in the air is dissolved into the water, wastewater in the tank is promoted to continuously flow circularly, and the gas-liquid contact surface is continuously updated to increase the oxygen absorption amount;
step six, biological purification
The water body after the aeration treatment in the step five enters a biological purification tank, a biological frame is arranged in the biological purification tank, a biological pipe is arranged at a mounting hole on the biological frame, biological fillers are filled in the biological pipe, the water body is contacted with the biological pipe one by one, and the water body is purified by microorganisms in the biological pipe;
Step seven, fine filtration
The water body treated in the sixth step enters the hydraulic jump filter from the water inlet to be finely filtered, after the detection head in the hydraulic jump filter detects that the water body meets the urban water demand, information is sent to the controller, the controller opens the electric valve for opening the water storage tank, and the finely filtered water is sent to the water storage tank;
Step eight, storage
rainwater is filtered through hydraulic filter, saves in the water storage tank, then through intelligent water system, distributes each water point, realizes recycling of rainwater.
Further, in step two, the water taking process of the water taking device comprises:
1) Starting a power device, driving a water taking device to move to a water taking point, feeding back specific position information through a positioning instrument, stopping the power device after the water taking point is reached, extending a water taking rod of the water taking device, determining the height of a water taking tank through a height detector, then opening a water taking port of the water taking tank to enable rainwater to enter the water taking tank, closing the water taking port of the water taking tank after a water level detector detects that the water quantity in the water taking tank reaches a standard, and conveying the rainwater in the water taking tank into a detection chamber through a conveying pipe;
2) cleaning the water taking tank by clean clear water, then extending the water taking rod of the water taking device again, putting the water taking tank to a water level different from the previous water level, and repeating the steps to enable the water taking tank to obtain water at the water level different from the previous water level;
3) and after the water detection of the water taking point is finished, starting the power device again to drive the water taking device to move to other water taking points for water body detection.
Furthermore, the water body detection comprises a heavy metal ion detection chamber and a suspended dust particle detection chamber which are mutually independent and are arranged in the detection chamber, the obtained detection water body is respectively conveyed into the two detection chambers to be independently detected, the detection result is displayed in the control chamber, after the detection is completed, a sample vessel in the detection chamber is cleaned, the accuracy of the next detection result is ensured, the detection result of the next detection is prevented from being influenced by the previous detection, and the accuracy and the stability of the detection are improved.
Further, in the step a of the step three, the included angle between the inclined plate and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees, 4-6 inclined plates are distributed from top to bottom, and the metal precipitator adopts lime, NaOH or Na 2S.
furthermore, in the step b of the third step, 3-7 layers of adsorption plates are distributed from top to bottom, the aperture of the water flowing holes is phi 20 mm-phi 30mm, and the water flowing speed of the inlet water is 0.15 m/s-0.20 m/s.
Further, in the sixth step, according to the reaction speed and efficiency of the biological purification pool, the biological tubes are freely extracted on the biological rack, and the biological tubes are increased or decreased to meet the requirement of water body purification.
a water jump type filter used in the urban rainwater purification method comprises a shell, an upper cover, a base, a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively positioned at the lower part and the upper part of the shell, a first filter cartridge and a second filter cartridge which are coaxial are arranged in the shell, the first filter cartridge is positioned below the second filter cartridge, the water inlet is connected with the first filter cartridge through a water inlet pipe, a detection cavity is arranged at the water outlet, a water inlet end, a detection head, a controller, a first water outlet valve, a second water outlet valve, a first water outlet end and a second water outlet end are arranged in the detection cavity, a water outlet pipe is arranged on the second filter cartridge, the water outlet pipe is connected with the water inlet end, the first water outlet end is connected with the water outlet through a backflow pipe, the first water outlet valve is positioned at the first water outlet end, the second water outlet valve is positioned at the first water outlet end, the, The first water outlet valve is connected with the second water outlet valve. First cartridge filter and second cartridge filter carry out dual filtration to the water, improve the filter effect, the water after filtering from the second cartridge filter enters into and detects the chamber and detects, the controller is sent the result that detects to the detection head, if accord with out water quality, then the first outlet valve of controller control is opened, the second outlet valve is closed, the water enters into the water storage tank from the delivery port and stores, if not accord with out water quality, then the second outlet valve of controller control is opened, first outlet valve is closed, the water enters into first cartridge filter and second cartridge filter once more through the back flow and carries out filtration treatment.
Further, the outside of casing is equipped with the observation window. The filtering condition of the first filter cartridge and the second filter cartridge can be observed through the observation window, and once the filter cartridge is found to be seriously polluted, the filter cartridge can be stopped to be used, and the filter cartridge is cleaned or replaced to ensure the effective filtering of the hydraulic filter.
further, the inside of casing still is equipped with degassing unit, and degassing unit includes disinfection storehouse and sterilamp, and the disinfection lamp is arranged in the disinfection storehouse, and the disinfection storehouse adopts transparent material. The water body is disinfected by the disinfection device, so that the water quality is improved.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The funnel-shaped rain collector is convenient for collecting rainwater on the earth surface, the accuracy and the rapidness of rainwater collection are improved under the drainage effect of the drainage groove, the arranged filter screen is used for preliminarily filtering initial rainwater to prevent garbage such as fallen leaves and plastic bags from entering the rain collector, and the arranged pricker is used for crushing large granular substances carried in the initial rainwater again to make the large granular substances fine, so that the collection pipeline is prevented from being blocked, impurities flowing into the collection pool are reduced, and the later-stage water quality treatment is facilitated;
2. Rainwater at a plurality of different water taking points is collected, the quality of the rainwater is detected, the detection accuracy is improved, different treatment methods are adopted according to different detected water qualities, the treatment pertinence is strong, the effect is better, the treatment efficiency is effectively improved, the waste of resources and manpower is reduced, the time is saved, and the cost is reduced;
3. rainwater falls from the staggered inclined plates, so that the time of rainwater flowing into the heavy metal sedimentation tank is prolonged, the falling time of the rainwater is delayed, the reaction time of the rainwater and the metal precipitator is prolonged, part of impurities in the rainwater are intercepted, pollutants falling into the heavy metal sedimentation tank are reduced, and meanwhile, the contact area of the rainwater and the metal precipitator is enlarged through the stirring effect of the stirring device, so that the reaction effect is improved;
4. the rainwater enters into dust sedimentation tank, and the adsorption plate plays the effect of adsorbing dust material in the rainwater, simultaneously through wavy design, plays certain choked flow effect, and the area of contact of increase rainwater and adsorption plate improves absorption efficiency, and rotatory nozzle sprays the medicament area wider, more even.
5. a great part of pollutants in rainwater can cause the rainwater to be acidified, so that the rainwater needs to be adjusted in pH value to keep the rainwater in an adaptive range, the rainwater is suitable for daily use of people, and each water layer can be stirred by the stirring paddle capable of moving up and down, so that the reaction speed of the medicament and the rainwater is increased;
6. the water body is respectively aerated on each water layer in the aeration treatment tank by three modes of an aeration pipe, a micro-bubble releaser and a mechanical impeller, so that the aeration range and efficiency are greatly improved, and one or two of the aeration treatments can be selectively used according to actual conditions, so that the aeration treatment has pertinence;
7. biological purification is carried out through the biological purification tank, and the biological tubes can be freely extracted from the biological rack according to the reaction speed and efficiency of the biological purification tank, so that the biological tubes are increased or decreased to meet the requirement of water body purification; final treatment is carried out through the water skip type filter, effluent is detected, only water bodies meeting conditions can be sent into the water storage tank to be stored, and the quality of the water bodies in the water storage tank is guaranteed.
the invention fully collects rainwater, removes metal ions and dust particles in the rainwater by using a precipitation method on the premise of ensuring the urban waterlogging prevention safety, regulates the pH value of the rainwater by treating the pH value, thoroughly purifies the rainwater by aeration, biological purification and fine filtration, and treats the rainwater by using multiple means, thereby maximally realizing the collection, permeation, purification and utilization of the rainwater in the urban range, effectively relieving and reducing the urban waterlogging pressure, having high purification efficiency, effectively improving the quality of the treated rainwater, promoting the utilization of rainwater resources and meeting the requirements of sponge urban construction.
Drawings
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for purifying urban rainwater according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view illustrating a method for purifying urban rainwater according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the adsorption plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the hydraulic strainer according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an external structure of the hydraulic strainer according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a rain collector; 11. a needle; 12. a collection pipe; 2. a collection tank; 21. a first channel; 22. a second channel; 31. a heavy metal sedimentation tank; 32. an inclined plate; 33. a first charging valve; 34. a stirring device; 35. a dust settling tank; 36. an adsorption plate; 37. a water flowing hole; 38. a second charging valve; 39. rotating the spray head; 41. a third channel; 42. an acid-base treatment tank; 43. an alkaline control valve; 44. a stirring shaft; 45. a stirring paddle; 46. an acid control valve; 5. an aeration treatment tank; 51. a blower; 52. an aeration pipe; 53. an aeration nozzle; 54. a track; 55. a microbubble releaser; 56. a mechanical impeller; 6. a biological purification tank; 61. a living thing frame; 62. mounting holes; 63. a biological tube; 7. a hydraulic jump filter; 71. a housing; 72. an upper cover; 73. a base; 74. a water inlet; 75. a water outlet; 76. a first filter cartridge; 761. a water inlet pipe; 77. a second filter cartridge; 771. a water outlet pipe; 78. an observation window; 8. a detection chamber; 81. a water inlet end; 82. a detection head; 83. a controller; 84. a first water outlet valve; 85. a second water outlet valve; 851. a return pipe; 86. a sterilizing device; 87. a disinfection bin; 88. a sterilizing lamp; 9. a water storage tank.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-6, the method for purifying urban rainwater according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
Step one, rainwater collection
Initial rainwater falling onto the ground enters the funnel-shaped rainwater collector 1 along the drainage groove to be collected, the filtering screen on the rainwater collector 1 firstly filters the rainwater preliminarily to remove fallen leaves and garbage carried in the rainwater, the felting needles 11 in the rainwater collector 1 crush particulate matters in the rainwater subjected to preliminary filtering again, and then the rainwater flows into the collecting tank 2 along the collecting pipeline 12 through the rainwater collector 1; through the rain ware 1 that gathers of infundibulate, be convenient for collect the rainwater on earth's surface, and the drainage effect through the drainage groove, improve accuracy and the agility of collecting the rainwater, the filter screen cloth of setting carries out prefilter to the initial stage rainwater, prevent to fall the leaf, rubbish such as plastic bag enters into rain ware 1, the felting needle 11 of setting smashes the large granule material smugglied secretly in the initial stage rainwater once more, make it become tiny, avoid blockking up collecting pipe 12, reduce the impurity that flows into in collecting pit 2, the water quality treatment in the later stage of being convenient for.
Step two, rainwater detection
Collecting rainwater at least at four positions in the collecting tank 2 in different directions and different heights by using a water collector for detection; the rainwater of a plurality of different water taking points is collected, the quality of the rainwater is detected, the accuracy of detection is improved, different processing methods are adopted according to the detected different qualities of the water, the processing pertinence is strong, the effect is better, the processing efficiency is effectively improved, the waste of resources and manpower is reduced, the time is saved, and the cost is reduced.
the water taking process of the water taking device comprises the following steps:
1) Starting a power device, driving a water taking device to move to a water taking point, feeding back specific position information through a positioning instrument, stopping the power device after the water taking point is reached, extending a water taking rod of the water taking device, determining the height of a water taking tank through a height detector, then opening a water taking port of the water taking tank to enable rainwater to enter the water taking tank, closing the water taking port of the water taking tank after a water level detector detects that the water quantity in the water taking tank reaches a standard, and conveying the rainwater in the water taking tank into a detection chamber through a conveying pipe;
2) Cleaning the water taking tank by clean clear water, then extending the water taking rod of the water taking device again, putting the water taking tank to a water level different from the previous water level, and repeating the steps to enable the water taking tank to obtain water at the water level different from the previous water level;
3) And after the water detection of the water taking point is finished, starting the power device again to drive the water taking device to move to other water taking points for water body detection.
The water body detection comprises a heavy metal ion detection chamber and a suspended dust particle detection chamber which are mutually independent, the obtained detection water body is respectively conveyed into the two detection chambers to be independently detected, the detection result is displayed in the control chamber, after the detection is completed, a sample vessel in the detection chamber is cleaned, the accuracy of the next detection result is ensured, the detection result of the next detection is prevented from being influenced by the previous detection, and the accuracy and the stability of the detection are improved.
Step three, precipitation treatment
a. When it is detected that heavy metal ions in the water body exceed the standard, opening the first channel 21, introducing rainwater in the collecting tank 2 into the heavy metal sedimentation tank 31, introducing the rainwater into the heavy metal sedimentation tank 31 along the mutually staggered inclined plates 32, intercepting the rainwater by the aid of the convex patterns arranged on the inclined plates 32, then opening the first feeding valve 33, adding a metal precipitator into the heavy metal sedimentation tank 31, and simultaneously starting the stirring device 34 at the bottom of the heavy metal sedimentation tank 31 to stir, so that heavy metals are precipitated and removed, and the harm degree of the heavy metals to the water body is reduced; the included angle between the inclined plate 32 and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees, 4-6 inclined plates 32 are arranged from top to bottom, and the metal precipitator adopts lime, NaOH or Na 2S. The rainwater falls down from crisscross hang plate 32, and the extension rainwater flows in the time of heavy metal sedimentation tank 31, and the burr of setting not only delays the whereabouts time of rainwater, increases the reaction time of rainwater and metal precipitant, still intercepts the partial impurity of rainwater, reduces the pollutant that falls into in the heavy metal sedimentation tank 31, and the area of contact of rainwater and metal precipitant is enlarged to the stirring effect through agitating unit 34 simultaneously, improves reaction.
b. When suspended dust particles in the rainwater exceed the standard, opening the second channel 22, introducing the rainwater in the collecting tank 2 into the dust settling tank 35, enabling the rainwater entering the dust settling tank 35 to firstly contact with a wavy adsorption plate 36 on the upper layer of the dust settling tank 35, adsorbing the suspended dust particles in the rainwater by using an adsorbent on the adsorption plate 36, removing peculiar smell and abnormal color, enabling water flow to enter the lower layer of the dust settling tank 35 through a water flowing hole 37 on the adsorption plate 36, then opening a second feeding valve 38 on the lower layer, adding a coagulant into the lower layer of the dust settling tank 35 through a rotary spray head 39, enabling the coagulant to react with suspended matters and colloidal impurities in a water body, and enabling the reaction time to be 30min to form precipitate sinking; the adsorption plate 36 is provided with 3-7 layers from top to bottom, the aperture of the water flowing hole 37 is phi 20 mm-phi 30mm, and the water inlet flow speed is 0.15 m/s-0.20 m/s. The rainwater enters into dust sedimentation tank 35, and adsorption plate 36 plays the effect of adsorbing dust material in the rainwater, through wavy design, plays certain choked flow effect simultaneously, increases rainwater and adsorption plate 36's area of contact, improves adsorption efficiency, and rotatory nozzle 39 sprays the medicament area wider, more even.
Step four, pH value treatment
a. opening a third channel 41, introducing the water body treated in the third step into the acid-base treatment pool 42, and measuring the pH value of the water body in the acid-base treatment pool 42 through an acidimeter;
b. if the detection result shows that the water is acidic, opening an alkaline control valve 43 through a control system, introducing an alkaline agent which is adaptive to rainwater and is Na2CO3, NaHCO3 or lime, starting a stirrer, and simultaneously moving a stirring shaft 44 up and down to drive a stirring paddle 45 to stir the whole water layer, after reacting for 20min, collecting the water again for detection, and if the detection result does not reach the standard, performing the steps again until the detection result meets the standard;
c. And if the detection result shows that the water is alkaline, opening the acidic control valve 46 through the control system, adding an acid agent adaptive to the rainwater according to the amount of the introduced rainwater, starting the stirrer, moving the stirring shaft 44 up and down simultaneously to drive the stirring paddle 45 to stir the whole water layer, collecting the water body again after reacting for 20min, detecting, and if the detection result does not reach the standard, performing the steps again until the detection result meets the standard. The very big partial pollutant in rainwater can lead to the acidizing of rainwater, consequently need carry out the regulation of pH valve to the rainwater, makes its within range that keeps the adaptation, is fit for people's daily use, through the stirring rake 45 that can reciprocate, can all stir each water layer for the reaction rate of medicament and rainwater.
step five, aeration treatment
a. introducing the water body treated in the fourth step into an aeration treatment tank 5, starting an air blower 51, introducing air into the water body from bottom to top through an aeration pipe 52 and an aeration spray nozzle 53, and simultaneously moving the aeration pipe 52 along a track 54 laid at the bottom of the aeration tank to enlarge the aeration range;
b. The micro-bubble releaser 55 at the bottom of the aeration tank releases bubbles;
c. the mechanical impeller 56 on the upper part of the aeration tank rotates to stir the water body in the aeration tank, so that oxygen in the air is dissolved in the water, wastewater in the tank is promoted to continuously flow circularly, and the gas-liquid contact surface is continuously updated to increase the oxygen absorption amount;
The water body is respectively aerated on each water layer in the aeration treatment tank 5 by three modes of the aeration pipe 52, the micro-bubble releaser 55 and the mechanical impeller 56, so that the aeration range and efficiency are greatly improved, and one or two of the modes can be selectively used for aeration treatment according to actual conditions, so that the aeration treatment has pertinence.
Step six, biological purification
the water body after the aeration treatment in the fifth step enters a biological purification tank 6, a biological frame 61 is arranged in the biological purification tank 6, a biological pipe 63 is arranged at a mounting hole 62 on the biological frame 61, the biological pipe 63 is filled with biological filler, the water body is contacted with the biological pipe 63 one by one, and the water body is purified by microorganisms in the biological pipe 63; according to the reaction speed and efficiency of the biological purification pool 6, the biological tubes 63 can be freely drawn on the biological rack 61, and the biological tubes 63 can be increased or decreased to meet the requirement of water body purification.
step seven, fine filtration
The water body processed in the sixth step enters the hydraulic jump filter 7 from the water inlet 74 for fine filtration, after the detection head 82 in the hydraulic jump filter 7 detects that the water body meets the urban water consumption requirement, information is sent to the controller 83, the controller 83 opens the electric valve for opening the water storage tank 9, and the fine filtered water is sent to the water storage tank 9; carry out final processing through saltatory filter 7 to detect the play water, only the water that accords with the condition can be sent into water storage tank 9 and store in, has guaranteed the quality of the interior water of water storage tank 9.
Step eight, storage
Rainwater is filtered by the water skip type filter 7, stored in the water storage tank 9 and then distributed to each water using point through the intelligent water using system, so that the rainwater is recycled.
a water jump type filter 7 used in the above urban rainwater purification method comprises a shell 71, an upper cover 72, a base 73, a water inlet 74 and a water outlet 75, wherein the water inlet 74 and the water outlet 75 are respectively positioned at the lower part and the upper part of the shell 71, a first filter cartridge 76 and a second filter cartridge 77 which are coaxial are arranged in the shell 71, the first filter cartridge 76 is positioned below the second filter cartridge 77, the water inlet 74 is connected with the first filter cartridge 76 through a water inlet pipe 761, the water outlet 75 is provided with a detection cavity 8, a water inlet end 81, a detection head 82, a controller 83, a first water outlet valve 84, a second water outlet valve 85, a first water outlet end and a second water outlet end are arranged in the detection cavity 8, the second filter cartridge 77 is provided with water outlet pipes 771 and 771 which are connected with the water inlet end 81, the first water outlet end is connected with the water outlet 75, the second water outlet end is connected with the water inlet pipe 761 through a return pipe 851, the first, the second outlet valve 85 is located at the first outlet end, and the controller 83 is connected to the detection head 82, the first outlet valve 84 and the second outlet valve 85 respectively. The first filter cartridge 76 and the second filter cartridge 77 perform double filtration on the water body, so that the filtering effect is improved, the water body filtered by the second filter cartridge 77 enters the detection chamber 8 for detection, the detection head 82 sends the detected result to the controller 83, if the water quality is met, the controller 83 controls the first water outlet valve 84 to be opened, the second water outlet valve 85 to be closed, the water body enters the water storage tank 9 from the water outlet 75 for storage, if the water quality is not met, the controller 83 controls the second water outlet valve 85 to be opened, the first water outlet valve 84 is closed, and the water body enters the first filter cartridge 76 and the second filter cartridge 77 again through the return pipe 851 for filtering treatment.
the exterior of the housing 71 is provided with a viewing window 78. The first filter cartridge 76 and the second filter cartridge 77 are observed through the observation window 78, and once the contamination phenomenon on the filter cartridges is found to be serious, the filter cartridges are stopped to be used, and cleaned or replaced to ensure effective filtration of the hydraulic filter 7. The interior of the casing 71 is further provided with a disinfection device 86, the disinfection device 86 comprises a disinfection chamber 87 and a disinfection lamp 88, the disinfection lamp 88 is arranged in the disinfection chamber 87, and the disinfection chamber 87 is made of transparent materials. The disinfection chamber 87 is used for protecting the disinfection lamp 88, and the water body is disinfected by the disinfection device 86, so that the water quality is improved.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a method for purifying urban rainwater is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, rainwater collection
Initial rainwater falling onto the ground enters the funnel-shaped rainwater collector along the drainage groove to be collected, the filtering screen on the rainwater collector primarily filters the rainwater to remove fallen leaves and garbage carried in the rainwater, the felting needles in the rainwater collector crush particulate matters in the rainwater after primary filtering again, and then the rainwater flows into the collecting pool along the collecting pipeline through the rainwater collector;
step two, rainwater detection
collecting rainwater at least at four positions in a collecting pool in different directions and different heights by using a water collector for detection; the water taking process of the water taking device comprises the following steps:
1) starting a power device, driving a water taking device to move to a water taking point, feeding back specific position information through a positioning instrument, stopping the power device after the water taking point is reached, extending a water taking rod of the water taking device, determining the height of a water taking tank through a height detector, then opening a water taking port of the water taking tank to enable rainwater to enter the water taking tank, closing the water taking port of the water taking tank after a water level detector detects that the water quantity in the water taking tank reaches a standard, and conveying the rainwater in the water taking tank into a detection chamber through a conveying pipe;
2) cleaning the water taking tank by clean clear water, then extending the water taking rod of the water taking device again, putting the water taking tank to a water level different from the previous water level, and repeating the steps to enable the water taking tank to obtain water at the water level different from the previous water level;
3) After the water detection of the water taking point is finished, the power device is started again to drive the water taking device to move to other water taking points for water body detection;
Step three, precipitation treatment
a. when it is detected that heavy metal ions in the water body exceed the standard, opening a first channel, introducing rainwater in a collecting tank into a heavy metal sedimentation tank, introducing the rainwater into the heavy metal sedimentation tank along mutually staggered inclined plates, intercepting the rainwater by using convex patterns arranged on the inclined plates, then opening a first feeding valve, adding a metal precipitator into the heavy metal sedimentation tank, and simultaneously starting a stirring device at the bottom of the heavy metal sedimentation tank to stir, so that heavy metals are precipitated and removed, and the harm degree of the heavy metals to the water body is reduced;
b. when suspended dust particles in rainwater exceed the standard, opening a second channel, introducing rainwater in the collecting tank into a dust settling tank, enabling the rainwater entering the dust settling tank to be firstly contacted with a wavy adsorption plate on the upper layer of the dust settling tank, adsorbing the suspended dust particles in the rainwater by an adsorbent on the adsorption plate, removing peculiar smell and abnormal color, enabling water flow to enter the lower layer of the dust settling tank through a water flowing hole on the adsorption plate, then opening a second feeding valve on the lower layer, adding a coagulant into the lower layer of the dust settling tank through a rotary spray head, enabling the coagulant to react with suspended matters and colloidal impurities in a water body, and allowing the formed precipitate to sink for 30 min;
Step four, pH value treatment
a. opening a third channel, introducing the water body treated in the third step into an acid-base treatment pool, and measuring the pH value of the water body in the acid-base treatment pool by an acidimeter;
b. if the detection result shows that the water is acidic, opening an alkaline control valve through a control system, introducing an alkaline agent which is adaptive to rainwater and is Na2CO3, NaHCO3 or lime, starting a stirrer, moving a stirring shaft up and down simultaneously so as to drive a stirring paddle to stir the whole water layer, collecting the water body again after reacting for 20min, carrying out detection, and if the detection result does not reach the standard, carrying out the steps again until the detection result meets the standard;
c. If the detection result shows that the water layer is alkaline, opening an acid control valve through a control system, adding an acid agent adaptive to rainwater according to the amount of introduced rainwater, starting a stirrer, moving a stirring shaft up and down simultaneously to drive a stirring paddle to stir the whole water layer, collecting the water body again after reacting for 20min, detecting, and if the detection result does not reach the standard, performing the steps again until the detection result meets the standard;
Step five, aeration treatment
a. Introducing the water body treated in the fourth step into an aeration treatment tank, starting an air blower, introducing gas into the water body from bottom to top through an aeration pipe and an aeration nozzle, and simultaneously moving the aeration pipe along a track laid at the bottom of the aeration tank to expand the aeration range;
b. a micro-bubble releaser at the bottom of the aeration tank releases bubbles;
c. the mechanical impeller on the upper part of the aeration tank rotates to stir the water body in the aeration tank, so that oxygen in the air is dissolved into the water, wastewater in the tank is promoted to continuously flow circularly, and the gas-liquid contact surface is continuously updated to increase the oxygen absorption amount;
step six, biological purification
the water body after the aeration treatment in the step five enters a biological purification tank, a biological frame is arranged in the biological purification tank, a biological pipe is arranged at a mounting hole on the biological frame, biological fillers are filled in the biological pipe, the water body is contacted with the biological pipe one by one, and the water body is purified by microorganisms in the biological pipe;
Step seven, fine filtration
The water body treated in the sixth step enters the hydraulic jump filter from the water inlet to be finely filtered, after the detection head in the hydraulic jump filter detects that the water body meets the urban water demand, information is sent to the controller, the controller opens the electric valve for opening the water storage tank, and the finely filtered water is sent to the water storage tank;
step eight, storage
rainwater is filtered through hydraulic filter, saves in the water storage tank, then through intelligent water system, distributes each water point, realizes recycling of rainwater.
2. the method for purifying urban rainwater according to claim 1, wherein: the water body detection comprises a heavy metal ion detection chamber and a suspended dust particle detection chamber which are mutually independent, the obtained detection water body is respectively conveyed into the two detection chambers to be independently detected, the detection result is displayed in the control chamber, after the detection is completed, a sample vessel in the detection chamber is cleaned, the accuracy of the next detection result is ensured, the detection result of the next detection is prevented from being influenced by the previous detection, and the accuracy and the stability of the detection are improved.
3. the method for purifying urban rainwater according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a of the step three, the included angle between the inclined plate and the horizontal plane is 30-60 degrees, 4-6 inclined plates are distributed from top to bottom, and the metal precipitator adopts lime, NaOH or Na 2S.
4. The method for purifying urban rainwater according to claim 1, wherein: in the step b of the third step, 3-7 layers of adsorption plates are distributed from top to bottom, the aperture of the water flowing hole is phi 20 mm-phi 30mm, and the water inflow speed is 0.15 m/s-0.20 m/s.
5. The method for purifying urban rainwater according to claim 1, wherein: in step six, according to the reaction speed and efficiency of the biological purification pool, the biological tubes are freely extracted on the biological rack, and the biological tubes are increased or decreased to meet the requirement of water body purification.
6. A hydraulic strainer used in a method for purifying city rainwater according to claim 1, comprising a housing, an upper cover, a base, a water inlet and a water outlet, said water inlet and said water outlet being respectively located at a lower portion and an upper portion of said housing, characterized in that: the disinfection device is characterized in that the disinfection device is further arranged inside the shell and comprises a disinfection bin and a disinfection lamp, the disinfection lamp is arranged in the disinfection bin and is made of transparent materials, a first filter cartridge and a second filter cartridge which are coaxial are arranged inside the shell, the first filter cartridge is positioned below the second filter cartridge, the water inlet is connected with the first filter cartridge through a water inlet pipe, a detection cavity is arranged at the water outlet, a water inlet end, a detection head, a controller, a first water outlet valve, a second water outlet valve, a first water outlet end and a second water outlet end are arranged in the detection cavity, a water outlet pipe is arranged on the second filter cartridge and is connected with the water inlet end, the first water outlet end is connected with the water outlet, the second water outlet end is connected with the water inlet pipe through a return pipe, and the first water outlet valve is positioned at the first water outlet end, the second water outlet valve is positioned at the first water outlet end, and the controller is respectively connected with the detection head, the first water outlet valve and the second water outlet valve.
7. The hydraulic strainer of claim 6 wherein: an observation window is arranged outside the shell.
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Inventor after: Chai Xiao Inventor after: Liu Xueying Inventor after: Jiang Zhanchao Inventor after: Miao Yujie Inventor before: Chai Xiao Inventor before: Miao Yujie Inventor before: Jiang Zhanchao Inventor before: Liu Xueying |
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