CN107008894B - A kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107008894B
CN107008894B CN201710191911.0A CN201710191911A CN107008894B CN 107008894 B CN107008894 B CN 107008894B CN 201710191911 A CN201710191911 A CN 201710191911A CN 107008894 B CN107008894 B CN 107008894B
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mixing
plate
neutron absorption
support
furnace body
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CN107008894A (en
Inventor
戴金华
马云涛
王志伟
唐小存
壮新
徐斌
陈雅露
吕鹏
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JIANGSU ENTC NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY JOINT STOCK Co Ltd
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JIANGSU ENTC NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY JOINT STOCK Co Ltd
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    • B22F1/0003
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/82Combinations of dissimilar mixers
    • B01F33/821Combinations of dissimilar mixers with consecutive receptacles
    • B01F33/8212Combinations of dissimilar mixers with consecutive receptacles with moving and non-moving stirring devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/003Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007Atmosphere
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/18Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/062Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on B4C
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C30/00Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0052Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
    • C22C32/0057Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on B4C
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/45Mixing in metallurgical processes of ferrous or non-ferrous materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/18Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
    • B22F2003/185Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers by hot rolling, below sintering temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, and its step are as follows: (1) weighing 8-40 parts of boron carbide powder, 32-96 parts of Al alloy powder and 0.1-10 parts of light rare earth powder according to parts by weight;(2) boron carbide powder, Al alloy powder and light rare earth powder are added in mixed powder equipment and carry out mixing;(3) it will be added in vacuum sintering furnace through the material of overmulling powder equipment after mixing and be sintered to obtain strip plate;(4) it is molded after four side wall upper a layer thickness of strip plate are the aluminium alloy layer of 0.05-1cm;(5) 3-8 passage hot rolling treatment is carried out after being molded, it is made annealing treatment between rolling pass through 450~500 DEG C, high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material can be obtained, guarantee the metallurgical quality of material, guarantee that composite material has excellent mechanical property, thermal conductivity and neutron absorption capability.

Description

A kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of composite material, and in particular to a kind of high neutron absorption rate neutron-absorbing is compound The preparation method of material.
Background technique
The advantages that nuclear power is due to efficient, low consumption, green becomes and thermoelectricity, water power and the big power supply branch in the world three claimed Column;B4C/Al neutron absorber material is that current developed country three generations power station spentnuclear fuel dry and wet intensively stores screen work and its shipping container The Latest Materials of reactive control.
Traditional neutron-absorbing fills rolling mill practice, B4C and Al using cabinet pine with B4C/Al composite material and is uniformly mixed Pine is loaded on aluminium alloy box afterwards, and the Direct Rolling after being vented, obtained composite material is sandwich structure, in upper layer and lower layer aluminium sheet Intermediate is the material for remaining as powder, not formed continuous composite block, therefore, poor mechanical property, the thermal conductivity of product be low, Neutron absorption capability is unstable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material regarding to the issue above, protects The metallurgical quality of material is demonstrate,proved, guarantees that composite material has excellent mechanical property, thermal conductivity and neutron absorption capability.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, its step are as follows:
(1) 8-40 parts of boron carbide powder, 32-96 parts of Al alloy powder and 0.1-10 parts of light rare earth powder are weighed according to parts by weight;
(2) boron carbide powder, Al alloy powder and light rare earth powder are added in mixed powder equipment and carry out mixing;
(3) it will be added in vacuum sintering furnace through the material of overmulling powder equipment after mixing and be sintered to obtain strip plate;
(4) it is molded after four side wall upper a layer thickness of strip plate are the aluminium alloy layer of 0.05-1cm;
(5) 3-8 passage hot rolling treatment is carried out after being molded, and is made annealing treatment, be can be obtained through 450~500 DEG C between rolling pass High neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, wherein the mixed powder equipment includes Shell, case top are equipped with the first opening, are additionally provided with first support ring of circle on shell, the first L-shaped structure in support ring section, In the first open outside, the first support ring is equipped with section for the second support cap of n shape structure, on the second support cap for wrapping setting Equipped with feeding mechanism;It is equipped with partition in shell, mixing device is equipped with above partition, partition lower section is equipped with bearing material Mechanism, the feeding mechanism include sequentially connected feed hopper, sub-feed tube and the first feed pipe, and the first feed pipe is circular ring shape knot Structure, sub-feed tube connect the first feed pipe and feed hopper, and the first feed pipe passes through the second support cap and is fixed on the second support cap;
The mixing device includes mixing tank, the first mixing mechanism, the second mixing mechanism, and the mixing tank is top end opening Tube structure, stock guide is equipped in the mixing tank, the stock guide is spherical cap structure, and the open end of mixing tank is to fix End, mixing tank not opening end be mixing end, fixing end is cylindrical structure, mixing end is truncated cone-shaped structure, mixing end it is straight Diameter is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the mixing end of mixing tank is equipped with several first discharge holes, and the fixing end of mixing tank is equipped with one The first clamping bump and second clamping bump of circle are enclosed, the first clamping bump is slidably disposed on the first opening inner wall, the Two clamping bumps are slidably disposed on the first support ring inner wall, are fixed on mixing tank rotatably on shell, described mixed First rack gear of circle is additionally provided on charging basket, the first rack gear is located at the first support ring and shell surrounds in the cavity formed, and second It holds and covers equipped with first motor, first motor one end passes through the second support cap and the first support ring, and first be arranged thereon is actively Gear is meshed with the first rack gear;First mixing mechanism includes main shaft, stirring rod, the first paddle group and the second paddle Group, main shaft one end is fixed on the second support cap, the other end is connected by the way that axle sleeve is rotatable with mixing tank bottom, stirring rod Quantity be 6,8 or 10, uniform circumferentially fixed on main shaft, the first paddle group and the second paddle group alternating It is arranged on stirring rod, the first paddle group is made of 3 paddles, and the second paddle group is made of 2 paddles, and first stirs The paddle for mixing leaf group and the second paddle group is staggered, paddle it is inclined be arranged on stirring rod, the paddle with Angle a between stirring rod is 60-70 °;Second mixing mechanism includes be fixed on mixing tank outer wall from top to bottom first Mixing board group, the second mixing board group and third mixing board group, the first mixing board group, the second mixing board group and third mixing board group are equal By the mixing board group of identical quantity at the mixing plate between two neighboring mixing board group is staggered, and the mixing plate includes connecting Fishplate bar and agitating plate, connecting plate is inclined to be fixed on mixing tank outer wall, and agitating plate is vertical to be fixed on connecting plate;
The stock supporting mechanism includes bearing material bucket and vibration first motor, and the setting of bearing material bucket is in vibration first motor, bearing material Bucket bottom is equipped with the guide platform being obliquely installed, and bearing material bucket is equipped with discharge nozzle, and discharge nozzle is located at the least significant end of guide platform;
The partition includes side baffle, bottom plate and adjustable plate, and side baffle is inclined to be fixed on bottom plate periphery, the bottom Plate is equipped with several second discharge holes, and adjustable plate one end is fixed in the adjusting cavity of bottom plate by spring, and the other end is pushed away with electronic Bar is connected, and adjustable plate is equipped with third discharge hole, and the size of third discharge hole, distribution are identical as the second discharge hole;Pass through electricity Dynamic push rod makes adjustable plate movement, the opening and closing to adjust the second discharge hole.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, wherein the vacuum sintering furnace packet Include furnace body, sintering mold, demoulding mechanism;The sidewall of the furnace body be equipped with heating region, the sintering mold include upper cover die and Lower lining mould, the upper cover die are the rectangular parallelepiped structure of bottom opening, and upper cover die is fixed on furnace body inner chamber body by first support Top, the lower lining mould include liner plate and seben, and seben is fixed on above liner plate, the bottom open end phase contract of seben and upper cover die It closes, liner plate bottom is equipped with the first spacing block set, and the first spacing block set two sides are respectively equipped with second limiting groove, the upper set Mould is equipped with the second feed pipe;
The demoulding mechanism includes supporting plate, the first support plate, the second support plate, and the quantity of supporting plate is two, two supporting plates The two sides of lower lining mould are separately positioned on, each supporting plate is fixed in furnace body inner chamber body by two the first cylinders, and supporting plate is equipped with Auxiliary supporting plate, the auxiliary supporting plate on two supporting plates are oppositely arranged, and lower lining mould is arranged on auxiliary supporting plate, and auxiliary supporting plate is equipped with the second limiting card Block, the second limit card block is plug-type to be arranged in the second limiting groove, and furnace body inner chamber body is arranged in first support plate Bottom, the first support plate are equipped with the first limiting groove, the position of the first limiting groove, size and the first spacing block set position Set, size it is corresponding, the height H1 of the first support plate is greater than the height H2 of supporting plate, and the quantity of second support plate is two, The two sides of the first support plate are separately positioned on, the position of the second support plate and the position of supporting plate are corresponding, the height of the liner plate H3 is greater than 2cm;
First support plate bottom is set there are two sliding block, and sliding block is slidably disposed in the sliding slot of inboard wall of furnace body, the One support plate bottom sets that there are two sections as the first regulating tank of semicircular structure, and the inner wall of the first regulating tank is equipped with interior spiral shell Line, the bottom of inboard wall of furnace body set accordingly there are two section as the second regulating tank of semicircular structure, the inner wall of the second regulating tank For smooth structure, the first regulating tank and the second regulating tank are mutually spliced to form the adjusting channel of circular configuration, are equipped with externally threaded Screw rod is rotatably fixed on sidewall of the furnace body and fixing bearing across channel is adjusted, the external screw thread of screw rod and the first regulating tank Internal screw thread be meshed, screw rod pass through furnace body one end be equipped with driven gear, the second driving tooth of driven gear and the second motor Wheel is meshed;
The internal chamber wall of the furnace body is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the open end of furnace body is located on sidewall of the furnace body, and fire door and furnace body are sliding Dynamic connection, fire door top are equipped with second connecting rod, and second connecting rod is connected with the second cylinder being fixed at the top of furnace body, the second cylinder Control the folding of fire door.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, wherein the mixed powder equipment mixes Material mode are as follows: material enters in mixing tank through what feeding mechanism dispersed, and first motor drives mixing tank with the speed of 30-70r/min Degree is rotated, and the first mixing mechanism does not rotate, and material is stirred mixing under the action of the first mixing mechanism, stirs After mixing 30-80min, the velocity of rotation of mixing tank is risen into 60-200r/min, the material tentatively mixed from the first discharge hole into Enter in shell, is located on partition, at this point, the second discharge hole is in close state, effect of the material in the second mixing mechanism Under continue to be stirred, after stirring 60-180min, adjustable plate is pulled by the effect of electric pushrod, makes the second discharge hole and the Three discharge holes align, and material enters in bearing material bucket, and discharge under the action of vibrating first motor from discharge nozzle.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, wherein the vacuum sintering furnace Sintering processing are as follows: when original state, fire door is in close state, and the first cylinder is in contraction state, work of the lower lining mould in supporting plate It is in closed state with the interaction of upper cover die with lower, at this point, the spacing at the top of liner plate between upper cover die bottom is 0.5- 1cm injects mixed material into sintering mold by the second feed pipe, and material carries out vacuum-sintering after filling, be sintered 1- After 2h, continue to shrink the first cylinder, makes to be bonded to each other at the top of liner plate with upper cover die bottom, continue to be sintered 2-4h;At demoulding When reason, the first cylinder is stretched, after lower lining mould is dropped to therewith in the first support plate, supporting plate continues operating downwards until with second Fagging fits, at this point, supporting plate is separated from each other with lower lining mould, further drives screw rod rotation by the rotation of motor, thus Keep the first support base mobile to furnace body opening, opening fire door is lifted up by the second cylinder, takes out product, then reverse operating ?.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) the mixed powder of the present invention is more abundant, avoids damaging raw material, improves efficiency, reduces costs, it is ensured that Product quality.
(2) present invention directly carries out vacuum-sintering to powder, easy to operate, is convenient in demoulding, and adapts to by force, securely and reliably.
(3) present invention guarantee material metallurgical quality, guarantee composite material have excellent mechanical property, thermal conductivity and in Sub- absorbability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the mixed powder equipment cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the first mixing mechanism top view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the fire door closed state cross-sectional view of vacuum sintering furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the door opened state cross-sectional view of vacuum sintering furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view (1) of vacuum sintering furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional view (2) of vacuum sintering furnace of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Clear to be more clear technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing, The technical characteristic of any pair of technical solution of the present invention carries out the scheme that equivalencing is obtained with conventional reasoning and each falls within guarantor of the present invention Protect range.
Appended drawing reference
Shell 11, first opening the 12, first support ring 13, the second support cap 14, feeding mechanism 15, feed hopper 16, sub-material Pipe 17, the first feed pipe 18, partition 19, mixing tank 110, the first mixing mechanism 111, the second mixing mechanism 112, fixing end 113, mixing end 114, the first discharge hole 115, the first clamping bump 116, the second clamping bump 117, the first rack gear 118, first Motor 119, the first driving gear 120, stock guide 121, main shaft 122, stirring rod 123, the stirring of the first paddle group 124, second Leaf group 125, paddle 126, the first mixing board group 127, the second mixing board group 128, third mixing board group 129, mixing plate 130, Connecting plate 131, agitating plate 132, bearing material bucket 133, vibration first motor 134, guide platform 135, discharge nozzle 136, side baffle 137, bottom plate 138, adjustable plate 139, spring 140, electric pushrod 141, third discharge hole 142, the second discharge hole 143, furnace body 21, Sintering mold 22, demoulding mechanism 23, upper cover die 24, lower lining mould 25, first support 26, liner plate 27, seben 28, the first spacing block set 29, the second limiting groove 210, the second feed pipe 211, supporting plate 212, the first support plate 213, the second support plate 214, the first cylinder 215, auxiliary supporting plate 216, the second limit card block 217, the first limiting groove 218, sliding block 219, the first regulating tank 220, second are adjusted Slot 221, fixing bearing 223, driven gear 224, the second motor 225, the second driving gear 226, fire door 227, second connecting rod 228, the second cylinder 229.
A kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, its step are as follows:
(1) 8-40 parts of boron carbide powder, 32-96 parts of Al alloy powder and 0.1-10 parts of light rare earth powder are weighed according to parts by weight;
(2) boron carbide powder, Al alloy powder and light rare earth powder are added in mixed powder equipment and carry out mixing;
(3) it will be added in vacuum sintering furnace through the material of overmulling powder equipment after mixing and be sintered to obtain strip plate;
(4) it is molded after four side wall upper a layer thickness of strip plate are the aluminium alloy layer of 0.05-1cm;
(5) 3-8 passage hot rolling treatment is carried out after being molded, and is made annealing treatment, be can be obtained through 450~500 DEG C between rolling pass High neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, mixed powder equipment includes shell 11, and case top is equipped with the first opening 12, is additionally provided on shell One the first support ring 13 of circle, the first L-shaped structure in support ring section, wrapping are arranged on the first open outside, the first support ring Equipped with section be n shape structure the second support cap 14, the second support cap be equipped with feeding mechanism 15, the feeding mechanism include according to Feed hopper 16, sub-feed tube 17 and the first feed pipe 18 of secondary connection, the first feed pipe are cirque structure, sub-feed tube connection first Feed pipe and feed hopper, the first feed pipe pass through the second support cap and are fixed on the second support cap;Separation machine is equipped in shell Structure 19, partition top is equipped with mixing device, partition lower section is equipped with stock supporting mechanism;
The mixing device includes mixing tank 110, the first mixing mechanism 111, the second mixing mechanism 112, the mixing tank For the tube structure of top end opening, the open end of mixing tank be fixing end 113, mixing tank not opening end be mixing end 114, Gu Fixed end is cylindrical structure, mixing end is truncated cone-shaped structure, and the diameter at mixing end is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the mixing of mixing tank End is equipped with several first discharge holes 115, and the fixing end of mixing tank is equipped with first clamping bump of circle 116 and second card of circle Convex block 117 is connect, the first clamping bump is slidably disposed on the first opening inner wall, and the second clamping bump is slidably disposed in It on first support ring inner wall, is fixed on mixing tank rotatably on shell, first rack gear of circle is additionally provided on the mixing tank 118, the first rack gear is located at the first support ring and shell surrounds in the cavity formed, and the second support cap is equipped with first motor 119, First motor one end passes through the second support cap and the first support ring, the first driving gear 120 being arranged thereon and the first rack gear phase Engagement, the mixing tank is interior to be equipped with stock guide 121, and the stock guide is spherical cap structure;First mixing mechanism includes main shaft 122, stirring rod 123, the first paddle group 124 and the second paddle group 125, main shaft one end are fixed on the second support cap, are another One end is connected by the way that axle sleeve is rotatable with mixing tank bottom, and the quantity of stirring rod is 6,8 or 10, uniform week To being fixed on main shaft, the first paddle group and the second paddle group are disposed alternately on stirring rod, and the first paddle group is by 3 Paddle 126 forms, and the second paddle group is made of 2 paddles, the paddle of the first paddle group and the second paddle group It is staggered, paddle is inclined to be arranged on stirring rod, and the angle a between the paddle and stirring rod is 60-70 °;Institute Stating the second mixing mechanism includes the first mixing board group 127 for being fixed on mixing tank outer wall from top to bottom, 128 and of the second mixing board group Third mixing board group 129, the first mixing board group, the second mixing board group and third mixing board group by identical quantity mixing plate 130 form, and the mixing plate between two neighboring mixing board group is staggered, and the mixing plate includes connecting plate 131 and agitating plate 132, connecting plate is inclined to be fixed on mixing tank outer wall, and agitating plate is vertical to be fixed on connecting plate;
The stock supporting mechanism includes bearing material bucket 133 and vibration first motor 134, and the setting of bearing material bucket is in vibration first motor On, it holds feed hopper bottom and is equipped with the guide platform 135 being obliquely installed, bearing material bucket is equipped with discharge nozzle 136, and discharge nozzle is flat positioned at guide The least significant end of platform;
The partition includes side baffle 137, bottom plate 138 and adjustable plate 139, and side baffle is inclined to be fixed on outside bottom plate Week, the bottom plate are equipped with several second discharge holes 143, and adjustable plate one end is fixed in the adjusting cavity of bottom plate by spring 140, The other end is connected with electric pushrod 141, and adjustable plate is equipped with third discharge hole 142, the size of third discharge hole, distribution and the Two discharge holes are identical;Make adjustable plate movement, the opening and closing to adjust the second discharge hole by electric pushrod.
As shown in figures 3 to 6, the vacuum sintering furnace includes furnace body 21, sintering mold 22, demoulding mechanism 23;The furnace body Side wall is equipped with heating region, and the sintering mold includes upper cover die 24 and lower lining mould 25, and the upper cover die is bottom opening Rectangular parallelepiped structure, upper cover die are fixed on the top of furnace body inner chamber body by first support 26, and the lower lining mould includes 27 He of liner plate Seben 28, seben are fixed on above liner plate, and the bottom open end of seben and upper cover die is mutually agreed with, and liner plate bottom is equipped with the first limit Convex block 29, the first spacing block set two sides are respectively equipped with second limiting groove 210, and the upper cover die is equipped with the second feed pipe 211;
The demoulding mechanism includes supporting plate 212, the first support plate 213, the second support plate 214, and the quantity of supporting plate is two, Two supporting plates are separately positioned on the two sides of lower lining mould, and each supporting plate is fixed in furnace body inner chamber body by two the first cylinders 215, Supporting plate is equipped with auxiliary supporting plate 216, and the auxiliary supporting plate on two supporting plates is oppositely arranged, and lower lining mould is arranged on auxiliary supporting plate, on auxiliary supporting plate Equipped with the second limit card block 217, the second limit card block is plug-type to be arranged in the second limiting groove, and first support plate is set It sets in the bottom of furnace body inner chamber body, the first support plate is equipped with the first limiting groove 218, the position of the first limiting groove, size Corresponding with the position of the first spacing block set, size, the height H1 of the first support plate is greater than the height H2 of supporting plate, and described second The quantity of fagging is two, is separately positioned on the two sides of the first support plate, the position of the second support plate and the position of supporting plate are opposite It answers, the height H3 of the liner plate is greater than 2cm;
First support plate bottom is set there are two sliding block 219, and sliding block is slidably disposed in the sliding slot of inboard wall of furnace body, First support plate bottom set there are two section as the first regulating tank 220 of semicircular structure, the inner wall of the first regulating tank is equipped with Internal screw thread, the bottom of inboard wall of furnace body set accordingly there are two section as the second regulating tank 221 of semicircular structure, the second regulating tank Inner wall be smooth structure, the first regulating tank and the second regulating tank are mutually spliced to form the adjusting channel of circular configuration, are equipped with outside The screw rod 222 of screw thread is rotatably fixed on sidewall of the furnace body and fixing bearing 223 across channel is adjusted, the external screw thread of screw rod It is meshed with the internal screw thread of the first regulating tank, one end that screw rod passes through furnace body is equipped with driven gear 224, driven gear and the second electricity Second driving gear 226 of machine 225 is meshed.
The internal chamber wall of the furnace body is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the open end of furnace body is located on sidewall of the furnace body, fire door 227 and furnace body It being slidably connected, second connecting rod 228 is equipped at the top of fire door, second connecting rod is connected with the second cylinder 229 being fixed at the top of furnace body, The folding of second cylinder control fire door.
The mixing method of the mixed powder equipment are as follows: material enters in mixing tank through what feeding mechanism dispersed, first motor band Dynamic mixing tank is rotated with the speed of 30-70r/min, and the first mixing mechanism does not rotate, and material is in the first mixing mechanism Under the action of be stirred mixing, stir 30-80min after, the velocity of rotation of mixing tank is risen into 60-200r/min, just It walks mixed material to enter in shell from the first discharge hole, be located on partition, at this point, the second discharge hole, which is in, closes shape State, material continue to be stirred under the action of the second mixing mechanism, after stirring 60-180min, pass through the effect of electric pushrod Adjustable plate is pulled, the second discharge hole and third discharge hole is made to align, material enters in bearing material bucket, and in vibration first motor It discharges under effect from discharge nozzle.
The sintering processing of the vacuum sintering furnace are as follows: when original state, fire door is in close state, and the first cylinder, which is in, to be received Contracting state, lower lining mould are in closed state with the interaction of upper cover die under the action of supporting plate, at this point, liner plate top and upper cover die Spacing between bottom is 0.5-1cm, mixed material is injected into sintering mold by the second feed pipe, after material fills Vacuum-sintering is carried out, after being sintered 1-2h, continues to shrink the first cylinder, makes to be bonded to each other at the top of liner plate with upper cover die bottom, continue It is sintered 2-4h;When demoulding processing, the first cylinder is stretched, after lower lining mould is dropped to therewith in the first support plate, supporting plate continues Operating with the second support plate up to fitting downwards, at this point, supporting plate is separated from each other with lower lining mould, is further turned by motor It is dynamic to drive screw rod rotation, to keep the first support base mobile to furnace body opening, opening fire door is lifted up by the second cylinder, Take out product, then reverse operating.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material, it is characterized in that, its step are as follows:
(1) 8-40 parts of boron carbide powder, 32-96 parts of Al alloy powder and 0.1-10 parts of light rare earth powder are weighed according to parts by weight;
(2) boron carbide powder, Al alloy powder and light rare earth powder are added in mixed powder equipment and carry out mixing;
(3) it will be added in vacuum sintering furnace through the material of overmulling powder equipment after mixing and be sintered to obtain strip plate;
(4) it is molded after four side wall upper a layer thickness of strip plate are the aluminium alloy layer of 0.05-1cm;
(5) 3-8 passage hot rolling treatment is carried out after being molded, and makes annealing treatment between rolling pass through 450~500 DEG C, senior middle school can be obtained Sub- absorptivity neutron absorption composite material;
The mixed powder equipment includes shell, and case top is equipped with the first opening, is additionally provided with first support ring of circle on shell, and first The L-shaped structure in support ring section, in the first open outside, the first support ring is equipped with that section is n shape structure for wrapping setting Two support caps, the second support cap are equipped with feeding mechanism;It is equipped with partition in shell, is equipped with mixing above partition and fills It sets, be equipped with stock supporting mechanism below partition, the feeding mechanism includes sequentially connected feed hopper, sub-feed tube and the first charging Pipe, the first feed pipe are cirque structure, and sub-feed tube connects the first feed pipe and feed hopper, and the first feed pipe passes through the second bearing It covers and is fixed on the second support cap;
The mixing device includes mixing tank, the first mixing mechanism, the second mixing mechanism, and the mixing tank is the cylinder of top end opening Body structure, the mixing tank is interior to be equipped with stock guide, and the stock guide is spherical cap structure, and the open end of mixing tank is fixing end, mixes The not opening end of charging basket is mixing end, and fixing end is cylindrical structure, mixing end is truncated cone-shaped structure, and the diameter at mixing end is from upper It is gradually reduced under and, the mixing end of mixing tank is equipped with several first discharge holes, and the fixing end of mixing tank is equipped with a circle first Clamping bump and second clamping bump of circle, the first clamping bump are slidably disposed on the first opening inner wall, the second clamping Convex block is slidably disposed on the first support ring inner wall, is fixed on mixing tank rotatably on shell, on the mixing tank It is additionally provided with first rack gear of circle, the first rack gear is located at the first support ring and shell surrounds in the cavity formed, on the second support cap Equipped with first motor, first motor one end passes through the second support cap and the first support ring, the first driving gear being arranged thereon and First rack gear is meshed;First mixing mechanism includes main shaft, stirring rod, the first paddle group and the second paddle group, master Axis one end is fixed on the second support cap, the other end is connected by the way that axle sleeve is rotatable with mixing tank bottom, the number of stirring rod Amount is 6,8 or 10, and uniform circumferentially fixed on main shaft, the first paddle group and the second paddle group are arranged alternately On stirring rod, the first paddle group is made of 3 paddles, and the second paddle group is made of 2 paddles, the first paddle The paddle of group and the second paddle group is staggered, and paddle is inclined to be arranged on stirring rod, the paddle and stirring Angle a between bar is 60-70 °;Second mixing mechanism includes the first mixing for being fixed on mixing tank outer wall from top to bottom Board group, the second mixing board group and third mixing board group, the first mixing board group, the second mixing board group and third mixing board group are by phase Mixing board group with quantity is at the mixing plate between two neighboring mixing board group is staggered, and the mixing plate includes connecting plate And agitating plate, connecting plate is inclined to be fixed on mixing tank outer wall, and agitating plate is vertical to be fixed on connecting plate;
The stock supporting mechanism includes bearing material bucket and vibration first motor, and the setting of bearing material bucket holds hopper bottom in vibration first motor Portion is equipped with the guide platform being obliquely installed, and bearing material bucket is equipped with discharge nozzle, and discharge nozzle is located at the least significant end of guide platform;
The partition includes side baffle, bottom plate and adjustable plate, and side baffle is inclined to be fixed on bottom plate periphery, on the bottom plate Equipped with several second discharge holes, adjustable plate one end is fixed in the adjusting cavity of bottom plate by spring, the other end and electric pushrod phase Connection, adjustable plate are equipped with third discharge hole, and the size of third discharge hole, distribution are identical as the second discharge hole;It is pushed away by electronic Bar makes adjustable plate movement, the opening and closing to adjust the second discharge hole.
2. a kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute Stating vacuum sintering furnace includes furnace body, sintering mold, demoulding mechanism;The sidewall of the furnace body is equipped with heating region, the sintering mould Tool includes upper cover die and lower lining mould, and the upper cover die is the rectangular parallelepiped structure of bottom opening, and upper cover die is fixed by first support At the top of furnace body inner chamber body, the lower lining mould includes liner plate and seben, and seben is fixed on above liner plate, seben and upper cover die Bottom open end is mutually agreed with, and liner plate bottom is equipped with the first spacing block set, and the first spacing block set two sides are respectively equipped with one second limit Position groove, the upper cover die are equipped with the second feed pipe;
The demoulding mechanism includes supporting plate, the first support plate, the second support plate, and the quantity of supporting plate is two, two supporting plate difference The two sides of lower lining mould are set, and each supporting plate is fixed in furnace body inner chamber body by two the first cylinders, and supporting plate is equipped with auxiliary support Plate, the auxiliary supporting plate on two supporting plates are oppositely arranged, and lower lining mould is arranged on auxiliary supporting plate, and auxiliary supporting plate is equipped with the second limit card block, Second limit card block is plug-type to be arranged in the second limiting groove, and the bottom of furnace body inner chamber body is arranged in first support plate Portion, the first support plate are equipped with the first limiting groove, the position of the first limiting groove, size and the first spacing block set position, Size is corresponding, and the height H1 of the first support plate is greater than the height H2 of supporting plate, and the quantity of second support plate is two, respectively The two sides of first support plate are set, and the position of the second support plate and the position of supporting plate are corresponding, and the height H3 of the liner plate is big In 2cm;
First support plate bottom is set there are two sliding block, and sliding block is slidably disposed in the sliding slot of inboard wall of furnace body, and first Fagging bottom sets that there are two sections as the first regulating tank of semicircular structure, and the inner wall of the first regulating tank is equipped with internal screw thread, furnace The bottom of internal wall sets that there are two sections as the second regulating tank of semicircular structure accordingly, and the inner wall of the second regulating tank is smooth Structure, the first regulating tank and the second regulating tank are mutually spliced to form the adjusting channel of circular configuration, wear equipped with externally threaded screw rod It overregulates channel to be rotatably fixed between sidewall of the furnace body and fixing bearing, the interior spiral shell of the external screw thread of screw rod and the first regulating tank Line is meshed, and one end that screw rod passes through furnace body is equipped with driven gear, and the second driving gear of driven gear and the second motor is mutually nibbled It closes;
The internal chamber wall of the furnace body is rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the open end of furnace body is located on sidewall of the furnace body, and fire door and furnace body sliding connect It connects, second connecting rod is equipped at the top of fire door, second connecting rod is connected with the second cylinder being fixed at the top of furnace body, the control of the second cylinder The folding of fire door.
3. a kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute State the mixing method of mixed powder equipment are as follows: material through feeding mechanism disperse enter mixing tank in, first motor drive mixing tank with The speed of 30-70r/min is rotated, and the first mixing mechanism does not rotate, material under the action of the first mixing mechanism with It is stirred mixing, after stirring 30-80min, the velocity of rotation of mixing tank is risen into 60-200r/min, the object tentatively mixed Material enters in shell from the first discharge hole, is located on partition, at this point, the second discharge hole is in close state, material is the Continue to be stirred under the action of two mixing mechanisms, after stirring 60-180min, adjustable plate pulled by the effect of electric pushrod, The second discharge hole and third discharge hole is set to align, material enters in bearing material bucket, and from out under the action of vibrating first motor Expects pipe discharging.
4. a kind of preparation method of high neutron absorption rate neutron absorption composite material as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, institute State the sintering processing of vacuum sintering furnace are as follows: when original state, fire door is in close state, and the first cylinder is in contraction state, under It serves as a contrast mould and is in closed state with the interaction of upper cover die under the action of supporting plate, at this point, at the top of liner plate between upper cover die bottom Spacing be 0.5-1cm, mixed material is injected into sintering mold by the second feed pipe, material carries out vacuum after filling Sintering after being sintered 1-2h, continues to shrink the first cylinder, makes to be bonded to each other at the top of liner plate with upper cover die bottom, continues to be sintered 2-4h ?;When demoulding processing, the first cylinder is stretched, after lower lining mould is dropped to therewith in the first support plate, supporting plate continues operating downwards Until fitting with the second support plate, at this point, supporting plate is separated from each other with lower lining mould, silk is further driven by the rotation of motor Bar rotation is lifted up opening fire door by the second cylinder, takes out and produce to keep the first support base mobile to furnace body opening Product, then reverse operating.
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