CN106996105B - Down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction technology and equipment - Google Patents
Down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction technology and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106996105B CN106996105B CN201710346378.0A CN201710346378A CN106996105B CN 106996105 B CN106996105 B CN 106996105B CN 201710346378 A CN201710346378 A CN 201710346378A CN 106996105 B CN106996105 B CN 106996105B
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention provides a down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction process and equipment. The down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction equipment comprises: a drill rod; the down-the-hole impactor is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod; the stirring device is connected to the lateral direction of the drill rod or the down-the-hole hammer; a nozzle disposed laterally of the down-the-hole hammer; the drill rod, the nozzle and the down-the-hole hammer are provided with a high-pressure air passage communicated with each other. The down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction technology adopts the down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction equipment. The invention has strong stratum adaptability and reduces the pollution and influence of industrial production on the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a down-the-hole impact rotary jet stirring pile construction process and equipment.
Background
The high-pressure jet grouting pile is used for treating the foundation reinforcement of soil bodies such as silt, filling soil, sand soil and the like, and is more used for water stopping of foundation pit, water conservancy, subway and the like. Because the traditional rotary spraying process has smaller equipment power, when hard strata such as pebble layers, drifting stones and the like are constructed, the quality factors such as pore-forming depth, verticality, pile body diameter and the like cannot be ensured, the water stopping effect is general, the slurry returning amount is large, the cement utilization rate is low, and the work load of cleaning is large.
The cement stirring pile is one method for treating saturated soft clay foundation with silt, mucky soil, silt, sandy soil, peat soil, etc. and through forced stirring with cement as curing agent and through the physical and chemical reaction between cement and soft soil, soft soil is hardened into reinforcing body with high integrity, high water stability and high strength. The method is mainly used for forming composite foundations, supporting structures, impermeable curtains and the like. At present, the performance of stirring machinery in China is relatively backward, the pile forming depth is generally smaller than 30m, and the pile breaking phenomenon is very common. The method has poor stratum applicability, is only suitable for common strata such as soft clay soil, mucky soil and the like, is difficult to stir in hard strata such as sand layers, gravel layers and the like, and has low pile forming depth.
Analysis was performed for the deficiencies of the above two conventional approaches:
1. the piling effect is poor: the traditional construction technology of the high-pressure jet grouting pile and the cement mixing pile has a plurality of problems in aspects of pile forming diameter, pile forming depth, perpendicularity and the like. The current common single-pipe method, double-pipe method and triple-pipe method of jet grouting piles are that the maximum pile forming diameter is smaller than 1.0m, the power of jet grouting equipment is smaller, the effective pile forming depth is generally 20.0 m-25.0 m, the pile forming effect is extremely poor under the influence of the driven water in the sand layer with the pressure-bearing water, the power is positioned at the top of a drill rod, and the verticality is greatly influenced by the stratum and is not easy to control; the cement mixing pile is commonly used by a single-shaft, double-shaft and three-shaft mixing method, the diameter of the pile is generally 500-800 mm, and the effective pile depth is less than 30.0m. Because the stirring method adopted at present has a plurality of defects in equipment and process, the stirring depth, the uniformity and the continuity of the pile body are extremely easy to be guaranteed. The expression is as follows: a. the slurry outlet is positioned on the stirring shaft, slurry is concentrated near the pile shaft of the slurry spraying port, and slurry is lack from the outer edge of the blade, so that slurry enrichment is formed. b. The grouting mode is unreasonable, two modes of sinking grouting and lifting grouting exist at present, soil is not smashed during sinking grouting, grout is not easy to diffuse into surrounding soil, and a grout core column is easy to form at a grout outlet; the lack of necessary stirring times after the slurry spraying is promoted, and the cement soil intensity is easy to be too low. c. The stirring times of cement soil after spraying are insufficient, and the stirring times comprise the following reasons: the slurry spraying lifting speed is too high, the stirring times are insufficient, the number of blades is too small, the power of a motor is low, and the stirring times of up-and-down circulation of a stirring shaft are small.
2. Poor drillability: the two kinds of process equipment power heads are positioned at the top of the drill rod, the drill rod has poor guidance quality, the vertical drilling is difficult, and when the power heads meet complex strata such as a sand gravel layer, a drifting stone, an artificial sea-filling stratum, a riprap, a concrete old foundation, a bedrock and the like, the drilling or the pile position deviation cannot be generated; when the water stop piles are constructed among the support piles, the water stop piles are greatly influenced by the diameter expansion of the support piles (the large bellies), so that drilling can not be performed or pile repairing treatment is required. Stirring piles are in sandy gravel stratum, and the stirring depth is limited due to lower power of a power device and poor bearing capacity of blades, so that the stirring piles cannot be applied to similar stratum generally.
In summary, at least the following problems exist in the prior art: the existing stirring pile has poor pile forming effect and poor drilling performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process and equipment, which are used for solving the problems of poor pile forming effect and poor drilling performance of the existing stirring pile construction.
Therefore, the invention provides a down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction device, which comprises:
a drill rod;
the down-the-hole impactor is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod;
the stirring device is connected to the lateral direction of the drill rod or the down-the-hole hammer;
a nozzle disposed outside the down-the-hole hammer;
wherein, a high-pressure air passage communicated between the drill rod and the down-the-hole hammer is arranged; the down-the-hole impactor further comprises: the high-pressure slurry pipeline is connected with the drill rod and is separated from the high-pressure air passage; the nozzle is connected with the high-pressure slurry pipeline.
Further, the stirring device is a helical blade or a blade arranged at intervals.
Further, the stirring device is arranged on the outer wall of the drill rod or the down-the-hole hammer.
Further, the down-the-hole impactor comprises: the device comprises an upper port, a lower port, a hollow cavity between the upper port and the lower port, a side wall surrounding the hollow cavity, an inner cylinder connected to the lower port, a sleeve connected outside the inner cylinder, a down-the-hole impactor drill bit connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder and the sleeve, and a nozzle arranged outside the sleeve, wherein the nozzle is positioned above the down-the-hole impactor drill bit and arranged outside the sleeve,
the nozzle is connected with the high-pressure slurry pipeline, and the high-pressure slurry pipeline is connected with the sleeve.
Further, the high pressure slurry line includes: the drill rod comprises a first section of pipeline arranged along the axis of the drill rod, a third section of pipeline arranged in the side wall and parallel to the axis of the drill rod, and a second section of pipeline connected between the first section of pipeline and the third section of pipeline, wherein the second section of pipeline is arranged along the radial direction of the drill rod.
Further, the spraying direction of the nozzles is horizontal or inclined downwards, and the number of the nozzles is a plurality.
The invention also provides a down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction process, which adopts the down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction equipment, and comprises the following steps:
step A: the high-frequency vibration and high-pressure air generated in the impact sinking process are utilized to impact and destroy the soil body to form a hole by using a down-the-hole impactor positioned at the bottom end of the drill rod;
and (B) step (B): while the down-the-hole hammer works, the nozzle sprays high-pressure water to perform lateral jet grouting;
step C: the stirring device synchronously rotates while the down-the-hole hammer works; and (3) carrying out rotary cutting stirring on the soil body by combining the cutting action of the high-pressure water, so that the soil body is softened into a flow plastic state, and providing conditions for the subsequent injection of cement paste.
Further, after the hole forming reaches the designed elevation, high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement paste, the high-pressure cement paste is sprayed by the nozzle, and meanwhile, the stirring device carries out secondary stirring on the high-pressure cement paste and soil in a flowing plastic state, and the soil in the flowing plastic state and the high-pressure cement paste are fully mixed through the combined action of down-the-hole impact rotary spraying of the nozzle and rotary cutting stirring of the stirring device, so that the cement soil pile is formed.
Further, when the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process is used for constructing curtain piles and composite foundations, the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process specifically comprises the following steps:
step D: pile position measuring and releasing: according to the designed pile position, adopting traditional measuring equipment or GPS positioning measuring technology to measure and position the pile position;
step E: drilling and pore-forming operation: after the down-the-hole impact rotary jet stirring pile machine is in place, starting a power device to drive a drill rod to rotate, providing high-pressure air for a down-the-hole impactor at the bottom of the drill rod, and driving the impactor to start working; the stirring device starts rotating operation under the driving of the drill rod, and further rotary-cut stirring is carried out on the soil body; high-pressure water with the pressure not less than 15MPa is provided for the drill rod during drilling, and the soil body is cut and softened; under the combined actions of high-frequency vibration, rotary-cut stirring, high-pressure water and high-pressure air, the soil body is broken and sunk and drilled, when encountering a hard barrier, the block body is directly impacted and broken, and the broken block body and the soil body in a flowing plastic state are uniformly stirred by using a stirring device;
step F: pile forming operation: after the hole is formed to the designed depth, the sprayed high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement paste, the high-pressure cement paste and the soil in a flowing plastic state are uniformly mixed through the secondary stirring effect of the high-pressure jet flow and the stirring device of the high-pressure cement paste, and the drill bit can be lifted and lowered according to construction requirements to carry out repeated rotary spraying and stirring to form a pile body with larger diameter and uniform cement soil.
Further, when the down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction process is used for constructing a pile foundation and an anti-floating anchor rod, the down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction process specifically comprises the following steps:
step H: pile position measuring and releasing: according to the designed pile position, adopting traditional measuring equipment or GPS positioning measuring technology to measure and position the pile position;
step I: pore-forming operation of the cement soil external pile: after the down-the-hole impact rotary jet stirring pile machine is in place, a power device is started to drive a drill rod to rotate, high-pressure air is provided for a down-the-hole impactor at the bottom of the drill rod, and the impactor is driven to start working. The stirring device starts rotating operation under the driving of the drill rod, and further rotary-cut stirring is carried out on the soil body; high-pressure water with the pressure not less than 15MPa is provided for the drill rod during drilling, and the soil body is cut and softened; under the combined actions of high-frequency vibration, rotary-cut stirring, high-pressure water and high-pressure air, the soil body is broken and sunk and drilled, when encountering a hard barrier, the block body is directly impacted and broken, and the broken block body and the soil body in a flowing plastic state are uniformly stirred by using a stirring device;
step J: pile forming operation of the cement soil external pile: after the hole is formed to the designed depth, the sprayed high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement paste, the high-pressure cement paste is uniformly mixed with the soil in a flowing plastic state through the secondary stirring action of the high-pressure jet flow of the high-pressure cement paste and the stirring device, and a drill bit can be lifted and lowered according to construction requirements to carry out repeated rotary spraying and stirring to form a pile body with larger diameter and uniform cement soil;
step K: pile forming operation of core piles: wherein the pile forming operation of the core pile is specifically as follows
When the core pile is a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete pile, after the cement soil outer pile is formed for 4-6 hours, adopting a immersed tube drilling machine sleeve to follow up impact hole forming, compacting and reinforcing the cement soil outer pile while the impact hole forming, and after the design depth is reached, placing a reinforcement cage, pouring core pile concrete, and lifting the sleeve to form the pile; or alternatively
When the core pile is a prefabricated pipe pile, immediately adopting a vibration method, a hammering method or a static pressure method to lower the prefabricated pipe pile to a designed elevation after the cement soil outer pile is formed; or alternatively
When the pile is used for constructing an anti-floating anchor rod, the anchor rod is implanted after the cement soil external pile is formed.
The invention is different from the traditional high-pressure jet grouting pile (single tube method, double tube method and triple tube method) and cement stirring pile (single shaft, double shaft and three shaft) methods, and is characterized in that:
(1) The drilling machine frame is simple in structure, a primary hole forming and pile forming mode is adopted, and a drill rod does not need to be disassembled and hole guiding.
(2) The stratum has strong adaptability, is suitable for common stratum such as plain filled soil, miscellaneous filled soil, cohesive soil, silt soil, sand soil and the like, and is particularly suitable for mucky soil, high-saturation cohesive soil in soft soil areas and complex stratum such as pebble layers, drifting stones, artificial sea filling and the like which are difficult to drill.
(3) A new working mechanism is provided, and a down-the-hole impact jet-grouting process and a stirring process are organically combined to form complementation. Under the linkage actions of high-frequency vibration of the down-the-hole hammer, rotary cutting stirring of the stirring device, high-pressure water (slurry) and high-pressure air, the cement soil pile with higher strength and good uniformity is formed.
(4) The technology has the advantages of good energy saving and environment protection effects, high cement utilization rate, and solves the problems of large slurry return amount and serious site pollution of the traditional rotary spraying technology, and the spiral blade soil pouring amount is reduced by organically combining the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying technology and the cement stirring technology. The combined mode of down-the-hole impact rotary spraying and rotary cutting stirring ensures that cement paste and soil body are mixed more uniformly, and the strength of the formed pile body is higher than that of the traditional process, so that the utilization rate of cement is improved, and the required cement quantity is reduced under the condition of the same strength and impervious index. The energy consumption can be effectively reduced by reducing the consumption of cement, which is a high-energy and high-pollution material, so that the pollution and influence of industrial production on the environment are reduced, and a certain contribution is made to low-carbon economy and social construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction process flow of a down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a pile forming process in the down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction process of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the drill rod of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stirring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a stirring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a construction process for supporting a waterproof curtain of a structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a construction process for supporting a waterproof curtain of a structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a construction process for a composite foundation according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the construction process of the present invention for foundation piles;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a construction process of the present invention for a second embodiment of a foundation pile;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the construction process of the present invention for an anti-floating bolt;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the construction process of the present invention for an anti-floating bolt;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the down-the-hole impactor of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at A-A in fig. 14.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. down-the-hole impactor 2, stirring device 3 and nozzle
4. Drill rod 5, high-pressure slurry pipeline 6 and fixing support
7. High-pressure air passage 8, air inlet pipe 9, and water (slurry) inlet pipe
10. Power unit 11, impactor lubricating oil storage container 12 and air compressor
13. Grouting pump 14, water supply system 15 and slurry stirring barrel
16. Slurry filtering barrel 17, slurry storage barrel 18 and drilling machine frame
19. Support pile 20, water stop pile 21 and foundation cushion layer
22. Mattress layer 23, cement soil pile 24 and cement soil external pile
25. Cast-in-situ reinforced concrete core pile (reinforced concrete pile) 26, prefabricated pipe pile 27 and anchor rod body
61. Side wall 62, O-shaped seal 65 and inner cylinder
611. High-pressure grouting pipe connecting joint 612, outer cone screw 613, first section pipeline 614 and third section pipeline
615. Second section pipeline
631. Inner cone screw 632, annular groove 633, high pressure water (slurry) line 634, sleeve
635. Drill bit of down-the-hole hammer
641. Hollow bolt 642 and inner bushing
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 3, the down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction equipment of the present invention comprises:
a drill rod 4;
the down-the-hole hammer 1 is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod 4;
a stirring device 2 connected to the outside of the down-the-hole hammer 1; the stirring device and the down-the-hole hammer work synchronously;
a nozzle 3 arranged laterally of the drill rod;
as shown in fig. 4, the drill rod 4 is internally provided with a through passage, and is respectively connected to a high-pressure slurry pipeline 5 and a high-pressure air passage 7 of the drill bit or the down-the-hole hammer 1; the high-pressure slurry pipeline 5 is separated from the high-pressure air passage; the high-pressure air reaches the down-the-hole hammer through an annular high-pressure air passage 7 in the drill rod, the down-the-hole hammer is driven to work, and the high-pressure water (slurry) reaches the nozzle 3 through a high-pressure slurry pipeline 5 in the drill rod. Wherein, a high-pressure air passage 7 is communicated between the drill rod 4 and the down-the-hole hammer 1. The down-the-hole impactor at the end part of the drill rod performs impact damage to the soil body by high-frequency vibration and high-pressure air generated in the impact sinking process, and the stirring device synchronously rotates to perform operation while the down-the-hole impactor works, and performs rotary cutting stirring to the soil body by combining the cutting effect of high-pressure water, so that conditions are provided for the subsequent injection of cement paste. The invention provides a brand new working mechanism of down-the-hole impact rotary spraying and rotary cutting stirring, which can improve the strength and uniformity of the pile body and the forming quality of the pile body.
Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the stirring device 2 is a helical blade or a blade arranged at intervals, namely a discontinuous stirring blade. The number, size, spacing and position of the blades are arranged according to actual needs.
Further, the stirring device 2 may be arranged on the outer wall of the drill rod 4 or the down-the-hole hammer 1 by means of welding. The stirring device can be arranged on the outer wall of the drill rod or the down-the-hole hammer independently, or can be arranged on the outer wall of the drill rod and the down-the-hole hammer in a combined mode, for example, the stirring device is arranged on the outer wall of the drill rod or the down-the-hole hammer.
The invention can add the stirring device 2 on the end part of the drill rod 4 and the down-the-hole impactor 1 on the basis of the mature process of down-the-hole impact high-pressure jet grouting pile, provides a brand new working mechanism of down-the-hole impact jet grouting and rotary cutting stirring, and can improve the pile body strength, uniformity and pile body forming quality. The down-the-hole hammer and the nozzle can adopt the existing mature technology or the structure described below:
as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the down-the-hole hammer 1 includes: an upper port (at the high pressure grouting pipe connection joint 611), a lower port (at the inner conical screw 631), a hollow cavity 67 between the upper port and the lower port, a side wall 61 surrounding the hollow cavity, an inner cylinder 65 connected to the lower port, a sleeve 634 connected outside the inner cylinder, a down-the-hole impactor bit 635 (i.e. a hammer head) connected to the inner cylinder and the bottom of the sleeve, and a nozzle 3 arranged outside the sleeve, wherein the nozzle 3 is positioned above the down-the-hole impactor bit 635; wherein the nozzle 3 is a high-pressure nozzle; the side wall 61 is connected to the sleeve 634; the end part of the upper port is also provided with a high-pressure grouting pipe connecting joint 611 so as to realize the connection with the high-pressure grouting pipe;
a high pressure slurry pipe 5 for delivering high pressure water or high pressure slurry, the high pressure slurry pipe 5 being connected to the drill pipe and the high pressure slurry pipe 5 being connected to the casing 634; the high-pressure slurry is high pressure adopted in the construction of the high-pressure jet grouting pile, the pressure is at least greater than the atmospheric pressure, and the general pressure can reach several atmospheres, for example, 15MPa;
the sleeve 634 is provided with a high-pressure water (slurry) pipe 633 which is connected to the high-pressure slurry pipe 5, so that the high-pressure slurry pipe 5 connects the sleeve 634 outside the down-the-hole hammer with the high-pressure water (slurry) pipe 633, and a passage for high-pressure water (slurry) can be formed. The high pressure water (slurry) line 633 reaches the high pressure nozzle at the bottom of the down-the-hole impactor and the high pressure water (slurry) exits the down-the-hole impactor 1 from the nozzle 3.
Further, the high-pressure slurry line 5 includes: a first section of tubing 613 disposed along the axis of the drill pipe, a third section of tubing 614 disposed in the sidewall 61 and disposed along an axis parallel to the drill pipe, and a second section of tubing 615 connected between the first and third sections of tubing, the second section of tubing 615 disposed radially of the drill pipe. The first pipeline 613 adopts a high-pressure seamless pipe, the third pipeline 614 is a pore canal arranged in the side wall, one side of the second pipeline 615 is a high-pressure seamless pipe connected with the first pipeline 613, and the other side is a pore canal arranged in the side wall and connected with the third pipeline 614. In this way, the high-pressure slurry pipeline 5, namely the high-pressure water (slurry) pipeline, is designed as a fold line, fully utilizes the cylindrical hollow cavity 67 and the side wall, and realizes the division of the work of different channels. The third section of tubing is, for example, circular for ease of manufacture.
Further, the nozzle 3 is made of a hollow bolt 641 including: the nut and the stud penetrate through the side wall from outside to inside in sequence, an inner bushing 642 made of alloy is arranged in the hollow bolt, and the inner bushing stretches out of the outer side of the nut along the axial direction of the hollow bolt so as to achieve a stronger spraying effect. The nozzle 3 adopts a hollow hard high-strength bolt, and an inner bushing 642 of hard alloy is embedded in the nozzle, and the inner bushing 642 axially extends out of the nozzle 3 along the nozzle 3. The wall thickness of the inner liner 642 is not less than 1mm to ensure that sufficient injection pressure is sustained.
The down-the-hole impactor 1 is provided with an annular groove 632 to effect a locating connection to the drill rod 4.
Further, the spraying direction of the nozzles 3 is horizontal or inclined downward so as to realize horizontal spraying or inclined downward spraying, and the number of the nozzles 3 is a plurality of so as to realize efficient rotary spraying.
Further, the upper port is provided with an outer conical screw thread 612, i.e. a conical screw thread connected to the drill rod, and a third section of pipeline is used for connecting the drill rod.
Further, the lower port is provided with an internal conical screw thread 631, i.e. a conical screw thread, to enable connection of the inner barrel and sleeve of the down-the-hole impactor 1.
Further, the inner barrel and sleeve of the down-the-hole impactor 1 are connected to the lower port by an O-ring 62 to effect sealing.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the down-the-hole impact jet grouting pile construction equipment according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a drill rig frame 18, a drill rod 4, a stirring device 2, a down-the-hole impactor 1, a nozzle 3 or a high-pressure water (slurry) nozzle; the power device is a long spiral drilling machine power head, the down-the-hole hammer is 110-1000 mm, the drill rod 4 is supported on the fixed support 6, the drill machine frame 18 is preferably a down-the-hole hammer jet drill machine frame, the drill rod is an oil drilling drill rod, the outer diameter of the drill rod is 89-1000 mm, and a high-pressure air passage 7 and a high-pressure slurry pipeline 5 communicated with the drill rod 4 are arranged in the drill rod; a high pressure slurry line 5 is connected to the top of the drill pipe for passing high pressure water (slurry) through a line provided inside the drill pipe to the nozzle 3. The high-pressure air passage is connected with an air inlet pipe at the top of the drill rod, the air inlet pipe 8 is connected with an air compressor 12, and the air compressor 12 is lubricated through an impactor lubricating oil storage container 11. The high-pressure air has a pressure of not less than 0.7 MPa.
The positions, the intervals, the number and the size and the shape of the stirring devices 2 can be set according to actual needs, the preferable outer diameter is 400-1000 mm, the stirring devices 2 are arranged along the lateral directions of the drill rod 4 and the down-the-hole hammer 1, and the preferable continuous spiral blades are adopted; when the discontinuous stirring blades are adopted, the axial projection positions of the blades are not overlapped by adopting the uniform arrangement at intervals, so that a better stirring effect is achieved, and the pile body is more uniform.
The high-pressure slurry pipeline 5 in the drill rod 4 is connected with the high-pressure slurry injection pump 13 through the water inlet (slurry) pipe 9, the high-pressure slurry injection pump 13 is connected with a cement slurry preparation system and a water supply system 14, and the cement slurry preparation system specifically comprises a slurry stirring barrel 15, a slurry filtering barrel 16 and a slurry storage barrel 17 which enter the slurry injection pump 13 through a slurry control valve. The pressure of the high-pressure water (slurry) is 10-40 MPa.
Preferably, the nozzles 3 are arranged at both sides or at the bottom of the end part of the down-the-hole hammer 1; the high-pressure water (slurry) passes through a high-pressure slurry pipeline 5 arranged inside the drill rod 4 and the down-the-hole hammer 1 to reach a high-pressure water (slurry) nozzle.
During construction, the drilling machine is in place, the power device 10 is started, high-pressure air is provided for the down-the-hole hammer 1, high-pressure water is provided for the nozzle 3, the down-the-hole hammer is driven by the high-pressure air to perform vibration impact drilling, the stirring device 2 rotates simultaneously to work while drilling, the soil body is further subjected to rotary cutting and stirring by combining high-pressure water jet flow sprayed by the nozzle 3, after the designed elevation is reached, the high-pressure water is changed into high-pressure cement slurry, the cement slurry is sprayed by the high-pressure water (slurry) nozzle at the end part of the hammer, and the stirring device 2 performs secondary stirring on cement slurry and soil in a flowing plastic state, so that the cement slurry and softened soil body are fully mixed, and a cement soil pile with larger pile diameter, higher strength and better uniformity is formed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention further provides a down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process, which adopts the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction equipment, and comprises the following steps:
step A: the high-frequency vibration and high-pressure air generated in the impact sinking process are utilized to impact and destroy the soil body to form a hole by using a down-the-hole impactor positioned at the bottom end of the drill rod;
and (B) step (B): while the down-the-hole hammer works, the nozzle sprays high-pressure water to perform lateral jet grouting;
step C: the stirring device synchronously rotates while the down-the-hole hammer works; and (3) carrying out rotary cutting stirring on the soil body by combining the cutting action of the high-pressure water, so that the soil body is softened into a flow plastic state, and providing conditions for the subsequent injection of cement paste.
Further, after the hole forming reaches the designed elevation, high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement paste, the high-pressure cement paste is sprayed by the nozzle, and meanwhile, the stirring device carries out secondary stirring on the high-pressure cement paste and soil in a flowing plastic state, and the soil in the flowing plastic state and the high-pressure cement paste are fully mixed through the combined action of down-the-hole impact rotary spraying of the nozzle and rotary cutting stirring of the stirring device, so that the cement soil pile is formed.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, when the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process is used for constructing curtain piles and composite foundations, the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process specifically comprises:
(1) Pile position measuring and releasing: and according to the designed pile position, adopting traditional measuring equipment or GPS positioning measuring technology to measure and position the pile position.
(2) Drilling and pore-forming operation: after the down-the-hole impact rotary jet stirring pile machine is in place, the power device 10 is started to drive the drill rod 4 to rotate, high-pressure air is provided for the down-the-hole impact device 1 at the bottom of the drill rod 4, and the impact device is driven to start working. The stirring device 2 starts rotating operation under the driving of the drill rod, and further rotary-cut stirring is carried out on the soil body; and high-pressure water with the pressure not less than 15MPa is provided for the drill rod during drilling, and the soil body is cut and softened. Under the combined actions of high-frequency vibration, rotary-cut stirring, high-pressure water (slurry) and high-pressure air, the soil body is broken and sunk and drilled, when encountering a hard obstacle, the soil body is directly impacted and broken, and the broken block body and the soil body in a flowing plastic state are uniformly stirred by using the stirring device 2.
(3) Pile forming operation: after the hole is formed to the designed depth, the sprayed high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement slurry, the cement slurry and the soil in a flowing plastic state are uniformly mixed through the high-pressure jet flow of the high-pressure cement slurry and the secondary stirring action of the stirring device 2, and the drill bit can be lifted and lowered according to construction requirements to carry out repeated rotary spraying stirring, so that a pile body of the water stop pile 20 and a pile body of the cement soil pile 23 with larger diameter and uniform cement soil are formed. The support piles 19 may be further provided, or the base mat layer 21 and the mattress layer 22 may be provided, depending on the actual situation.
Further, as shown in fig. 10, 11, 12 and 13, when the down-the-hole impact jet grouting pile construction process is used for constructing a pile foundation and an anti-floating anchor rod, the down-the-hole impact jet grouting pile construction process specifically comprises:
(1) Pile position measuring and releasing: and according to the designed pile position, adopting traditional measuring equipment or GPS positioning measuring technology to measure and position the pile position.
(2) Pore-forming operation of the cement soil external pile 24: after the down-the-hole impact rotary jet stirring pile machine is in place, the power device 10 is started to drive the drill rod 4 to rotate, high-pressure air is provided for the down-the-hole impact device 1 at the bottom of the drill rod 4, and the down-the-hole impact device 1 is driven to start working. The stirring device 2 starts rotating operation under the driving action of the drill rod 4, and further rotary-cut stirring is carried out on soil; and high-pressure water with the pressure not less than 15MPa is provided for the drill rod during drilling, and the soil body is cut and softened. Under the combined actions of high-frequency vibration, rotary-cut stirring, high-pressure water (slurry) and high-pressure air, the soil body is broken and sunk and drilled, when encountering a hard obstacle (such as stone), the block body formed by crushing is directly impacted and crushed, and the stirring device 2 is used for uniformly stirring the block body and the soil body in a flowing plastic state.
(3) Pile forming operation of the cement soil outer piles 24: after the hole is formed to the designed depth, the sprayed high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement paste, the cement paste and the soil in the flowing plastic state are uniformly mixed through the high-pressure jet flow of the high-pressure cement paste and the secondary stirring action of the stirring device 2, and the drill bit can be lifted and lowered according to construction requirements to carry out repeated rotary spraying and stirring, so that a pile body with larger diameter and uniform cement soil is formed.
(4) Pile forming operation of core piles:
(1) when the core pile is a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete core pile (reinforced concrete pile) 25, after the cement soil outer pile is formed for 4-6 hours, adopting a pipe sinking drilling machine sleeve to follow up impact hole forming, compacting and reinforcing the cement soil outer pile while impacting the hole forming, lowering a reinforcement cage after reaching the design depth, pouring core pile concrete, and lifting the sleeve to form the pile;
(2) when the core pile is a precast tubular pile, immediately adopting a vibration method, a hammering method or a static pressure method (namely continuous operation without waiting for a period of time after the pile is formed) to lower the precast tubular pile 26 to a designed elevation after the cement soil outer pile is formed;
(3) when used in anti-floating anchor construction, the anchor rod body 27 is implanted after the cement soil pile is formed.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In order that the components of the invention may be combined without conflict, any person skilled in the art shall make equivalent changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a down-the-hole impact spouts stirring stake construction equipment soon which characterized in that, down-the-hole impact spouts stirring stake construction equipment soon includes:
a drill rod;
the down-the-hole impactor is arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod;
the stirring device adopts blades which are arranged at intervals, and is arranged on the outer walls of the drill rod and the down-the-hole impactor in a combined mode;
a nozzle disposed outside the down-the-hole hammer;
wherein, a high-pressure air passage communicated between the drill rod and the down-the-hole hammer is arranged; the down-the-hole impactor further comprises: is connected with a drill rod: a high pressure slurry line separated from the high pressure air passage; the nozzle is connected with the high-pressure slurry pipeline;
the down-the-hole impactor comprises: the device comprises an upper port, a lower port, a hollow inner cavity arranged between the upper port and the lower port, a side wall surrounding the hollow inner cavity, an inner cylinder connected to the lower port, a sleeve connected to the outside of the inner cylinder, a down-the-hole impactor drill bit connected to the bottoms of the inner cylinder and the sleeve, and a nozzle arranged on the outside of the sleeve, wherein the nozzle is positioned above the down-the-hole impactor drill bit;
the nozzle is a high-pressure nozzle, and the side wall is connected with the sleeve; the end part of the upper port is also provided with a high-pressure grouting pipe connecting joint so as to realize the connection with the high-pressure grouting pipe; the high-pressure slurry pipeline is used for conveying high-pressure water or high-pressure slurry, and is connected with the drill rod and the sleeve; the sleeve is internally provided with a high-pressure water/slurry pipeline which is connected with the high-pressure slurry pipeline; the high-pressure water/slurry pipeline reaches the high-pressure nozzle at the bottom of the down-the-hole hammer;
the high pressure slurry line includes: a first section of tubing disposed along an axis of the drill pipe, a third section of tubing disposed in the sidewall and disposed along an axis parallel to the drill pipe, and a second section of tubing connected between the first section of tubing and the third section of tubing, the second section of tubing disposed along a radial direction of the drill pipe;
under the drilling pore-forming operation state, high-pressure air reaches the down-the-hole impactor through the high-pressure air passage and drives the down-the-hole impactor to impact and destroy soil bodies, and high-pressure water reaches the nozzle through the high-pressure slurry pipeline and is matched with the rotation operation of the stirring device to rotary-cut, stir and soften the soil bodies; in the pile forming operation state, cement slurry reaches the nozzle through the high-pressure slurry pipeline, and the stirring device stirs and mixes the cement slurry and the softened soil body.
2. The down-the-hole impact rotary jetting mixing pile construction equipment according to claim 1, wherein the jetting direction of the nozzles is horizontal or obliquely downward, and the number of the nozzles is plural.
3. A down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction process, which is characterized by adopting the down-the-hole impact jet grouting stirring pile construction equipment as claimed in claim 1, and comprising the following steps:
step A: the high-frequency vibration and high-pressure air generated in the impact sinking process are utilized to impact and destroy the soil body to form a hole by using a down-the-hole impactor positioned at the bottom end of the drill rod;
and (B) step (B): while the down-the-hole hammer works, the nozzle sprays high-pressure water to perform lateral jet grouting;
step C: the stirring device synchronously rotates while the down-the-hole hammer works; and (3) carrying out rotary cutting stirring on the soil body by combining the cutting action of the high-pressure water, so that the soil body is softened into a flow plastic state, and providing conditions for the subsequent injection of cement paste.
4. The down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process according to claim 3, wherein after the hole forming reaches the designed elevation, high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement slurry, the high-pressure cement slurry is sprayed by the nozzle, the stirring device is used for stirring the high-pressure cement slurry and soil in a flowing plastic state for the second time, and the soil in the flowing plastic state and the high-pressure cement slurry are fully mixed through the combined action of down-the-hole impact rotary spraying of the nozzle and rotary cutting stirring of the stirring device, so that the cement soil pile is formed.
5. The down-the-hole impact rotary-spraying stirring pile construction process according to claim 3 or 4, wherein when the down-the-hole impact rotary-spraying stirring pile construction process is used for constructing curtain piles and composite foundations, the down-the-hole impact rotary-spraying stirring pile construction process specifically comprises:
step D: pile position measuring and releasing: according to the designed pile position, adopting traditional measuring equipment or GPS positioning measuring technology to measure and position the pile position;
step E: drilling and pore-forming operation: after the down-the-hole impact rotary jet stirring pile machine is in place, starting a power device to drive a drill rod to rotate, providing high-pressure air for a down-the-hole impactor at the bottom of the drill rod, and driving the impactor to start working; the stirring device starts rotating operation under the driving of the drill rod, and further rotary-cut stirring is carried out on the soil body; high-pressure water with the pressure not less than 15MPa is provided for the drill rod during drilling, and the soil body is cut and softened; under the combined actions of high-frequency vibration, rotary-cut stirring, high-pressure water and high-pressure air, the soil body is broken and sunk and drilled, when encountering a hard barrier, the block body is directly impacted and broken, and the broken block body and the soil body in a flowing plastic state are uniformly stirred by using a stirring device;
step F: pile forming operation: after the hole is formed to the designed depth, the sprayed high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement paste, the high-pressure cement paste and the soil in the flowing plastic state are uniformly mixed through the secondary stirring effect of the high-pressure jet flow and the stirring device of the high-pressure cement paste, and the drill bit is lifted and lowered according to the construction requirement to carry out repeated rotary spraying stirring, so that a pile body is formed.
6. The down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process according to claim 3 or 4, wherein when the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process is used for constructing pile foundations and anti-floating anchors, the down-the-hole impact rotary spraying stirring pile construction process specifically comprises:
step H: pile position measuring and releasing: according to the designed pile position, adopting traditional measuring equipment or GPS positioning measuring technology to measure and position the pile position;
step I: pore-forming operation of the cement soil external pile: after the down-the-hole impact rotary jet stirring pile machine is in place, starting a power device to drive a drill rod to rotate, providing high-pressure air for a down-the-hole impactor at the bottom of the drill rod, driving the impactor to start working, and enabling a stirring device to start rotating operation under the driving of the drill rod to further rotary-cut and stir soil bodies; high-pressure water with the pressure not less than 15MPa is provided for the drill rod during drilling, and the soil body is cut and softened; under the combined actions of high-frequency vibration, rotary-cut stirring, high-pressure water and high-pressure air, the soil body is broken and sunk and drilled, when encountering a hard barrier, the block body is directly impacted and broken, and the broken block body and the soil body in a flowing plastic state are uniformly stirred by using a stirring device;
step J: pile forming operation of the cement soil external pile: after the hole is formed to the designed depth, the sprayed high-pressure water is switched into high-pressure cement paste, the high-pressure cement paste and the soil in a flowing plastic state are uniformly mixed under the secondary stirring action of a high-pressure jet flow of the high-pressure cement paste and a stirring device, and a drill bit is lifted and lowered according to construction requirements to perform repeated rotary spraying and stirring to form a pile body;
step K: pile forming operation of core piles: wherein, the pile forming operation of the core pile specifically comprises the following steps:
when the core pile is a cast-in-situ reinforced concrete pile, after the cement soil outer pile is formed for 4-6 hours, adopting a immersed tube drilling machine sleeve to follow up impact hole forming, compacting and reinforcing the cement soil outer pile while the impact hole forming, and after the design depth is reached, placing a reinforcement cage, pouring core pile concrete, and lifting the sleeve to form the pile; or alternatively
When the core pile is a prefabricated pipe pile, immediately adopting a vibration method, a hammering method or a static pressure method to lower the prefabricated pipe pile to a designed elevation after the cement soil outer pile is formed; or alternatively
When the pile is used for constructing an anti-floating anchor rod, the anchor rod is implanted after the cement soil external pile is formed.
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| CN206956714U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-02-02 | 北京荣创岩土工程股份有限公司 | Down-the-hole impacts rotating spraying mixture pile construction equipment |
| CN108285254A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-17 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of the stabilization processing unit and processing method of heavy metal pollution mud |
| CN110512598B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2024-03-01 | 中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司 | Composite foundation structure suitable for deep soft soil multi-diameter high-pressure jet grouting pile and multi-diameter powder jet grouting pile and construction method thereof |
| CN108868590B (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2023-12-08 | 北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司 | Single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit |
| CN109537612B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-09-21 | 同济大学 | Porous impact stirring underground diaphragm wall separation technology and construction method thereof |
| CN109505305A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-22 | 绍兴大明电力设计院有限公司 | High-pressure rotary-spray formula Screw Anchor composite foundation and preparation method thereof |
| CN110344402A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳宏业基岩土科技股份有限公司 | The construction method of curing agent processing stake holes sky pile cutoff mud |
| CN110761279A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-07 | 上海渊丰地下工程技术有限公司 | Construction method and construction device for air-hardening cement mixing pile |
| CN110952541A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-03 | 成都四海岩土工程有限公司 | Construction method of large-diameter anti-floating anchor rod combining vibration immersed tube and high-pressure rotary spraying |
| CN110847165A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 河海大学 | Construction method of spiral anchor core-inserting cement mixing pile |
| CN113550303A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-26 | 建材桂林地质工程勘察院有限公司 | Pile forming method for down-the-hole impact high-pressure jet grouting composite pile |
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| CN202337983U (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-07-18 | 北京荣创科宏岩土工程有限公司 | Ejector, drill combination structure and combination drilling tools |
| CN103046568A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-17 | 北京建材地质工程公司 | Long spiral down-the-hole hammer vibrating jet grouting cement soil curtain pile construction process |
| CN103015435A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-03 | 北京建材地质工程公司 | Long auger down hole hammer vibration rotary-jet steel reinforced cement-soil pile foundation pit water-resisting and supporting method |
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