CN106994348A - It is a kind of for catalyst of chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
It is a kind of for catalyst of chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106994348A CN106994348A CN201710174651.6A CN201710174651A CN106994348A CN 106994348 A CN106994348 A CN 106994348A CN 201710174651 A CN201710174651 A CN 201710174651A CN 106994348 A CN106994348 A CN 106994348A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/07—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of catalyst for chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning, it is the cobaltosic oxide that alkaline-earth metal is modified, and wherein alkaline-earth metal is magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium, and the mol ratio of cobalt and alkaline-earth metal is 19:1~1:1.The invention also discloses the application of the preparation method of the catalyst and the catalyst in chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning.The cobaltosic oxide catalyst of the alkaline-earth metal modification of the present invention, with preparation technology is simple, cheap, catalytic activity is high, strong anti-chlorine poisoning capability, long lifespan the features such as, and can effectively suppress chlorination.Can be long-term and stably carbon dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen chloride by the chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon catalysis burning conversion in waste gas under relatively low reaction temperature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic compound catalytic combustion technology field, it is related specifically to a kind of for chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low temperature
It is catalyzed catalyst of burning and preparation method thereof and the application in chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning.
Background technology
Chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon pollutant mostly come from industrial processes leakage and discharge and city garbage burning or
In thermal power plant's waste gas, its chemical property is stable.Wherein many chloro dibenzo Dui bioxin (PCDD) and many chlorine biphenyl furans
(PCDF) belong to highly toxic, carcinogenic, the persistency organic contaminant of lasting accumulation property influence can be caused on biosystem
Thing.In recent years, many countries propose tightened up environmental legislation and different controls also for PCDD/PCDF control and elimination
Method processed.And because these discharge process are all the industrial process that concern national economy, these pollutants are eliminated from source not
Possesses possibility.Therefore, eliminating chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon using post processing mode turns into the approaches and methods of unique feasible.
Method at present on the comprehensive regulation of chloro organic cpd is a lot, mainly there is biodegradable and non-biodegradation
Two major class technologies.Non-biodegradation is frequently with direct burning, absorption method, absorption process, photocatalysis, catalytic hydrogenation and dechlorination, catalytic water
The methods such as steam reforming, catalysis burning.Flame combustion needs to carry out at higher temperature (1000 DEG C), and energy consumption is big；And should
Method also can result in more highly toxic bioxin (Dioxins) pollutant, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-2 in terms of chloride hydro carbons is handled
Dislike English (PCDD) and polychlorinated dibenzo (PCDF).Absorption method is unsatisfactory for the treatment effect of low concentration pollutant, its
Adsorption efficiency is extremely low.The methods such as biological processes, photocatalytic degradation, hydrogenation-dechlorination are not technical existing defects, are exactly handling
With high, mostly all in laboratory research state, it is difficult to realize industrialization, industrialization.
Catalysis burning possesses operation temperature low (250~550 DEG C), eliminate that pollutant concentration is wide, product (CO2、HCl、H2O)
The features such as selectivity is high.Therefore, catalysis burning is widely used in terms of chlorine-containing organic compounds are eliminated.In addition, big
It is measuring to divide practice have shown that the dioxin produced in burning process to be carried out to quadric catalysis at low temperature by way of being catalyzed burning
Solution is one of most economical, feasible method, and wherein key is high activity, the exploitation of high stability catalyst.And due to such
The hypertoxicity of material, so general in laboratory conditions be used as model using presomas such as chlorobenzene, dichloro-benzenes and chlorophenols
Molecule carries out screening of catalyst and investigation.
Custom catalystses for chlorine-containing organic compounds low-temperature catalytic burning can be divided into loaded noble metal catalyst,
Solid acid catalyst, catalyst of transition metal oxide etc..Noble metal catalyst has that price is relatively expensive, chlorination is active
High (being also easy to produce the bigger many chlorine accessory substances of toxicity), easily generation oxychlorination compound and be poisoned, in high-temperature region easily because noble metal
Loss and cause inactivation the problems such as so that the application of noble metal catalyst is restricted.In recent years, chlorine-containing organic compounds are urged
The catalyst for changing burning is concentrated mainly on transition metal oxide and solid acid catalyst, but such catalyst has activity not
High shortcoming.
Therefore, efficient, catalyst stably, cheap, environmentally friendly is developed still to have great importance.Current patent document
In be used for be catalyzed burning chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons catalyst mainly have V2O5- Ti bases catalyst, CeO2-TiO2Catalyst, Ru/CeO2Catalysis
Agent, TiO2The Fe of modification3O4Catalyst etc..Co3O4Catalysis well is also shown in catalytic combustion volatility organic compound
Oxidation activity, and have in terms of anti-chlorine poisoning capability and catalytic life good advantage.However, catalysis burning chlorohydrocarbon mistake
Cheng Zhong, Co3O4It is a good chlorination catalyst again, in catalyticing combustion process, substantial amounts of many chloro by-products can be produced
Thing.Therefore in terms of catalysis burning chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon, Co3O4Application also need to further study, it is necessary to propose new side
Case is come to Co3O4Modified, to avoid the generation of many chloro accessory substances, while keeping Co3O4In catalytic oxidation activity, anti-chlorine
Advantage in terms of poisoning capability and catalytic life.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of activity is high, long catalytic life and can effectively suppress chlorination generation can
Catalyst for chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning.
Described catalyst is the cobaltosic oxide that alkaline-earth metal is modified, and described alkaline-earth metal is magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium,
The mol ratio of cobalt and alkaline-earth metal is 19:1~1:1.
It is preferred that, the mol ratio of cobalt and alkaline-earth metal is 19:1~9:1, more preferably 9:1.
In one preferred embodiment of this law, described catalyst is the cobaltosic oxide that barium is modified.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of described catalyst, it is included according to cobalt and alkaline-earth metal
Mol ratio, by the cobalt precursor and alkaline earth precursor of corresponding amount pass through coprecipitation, citric acid complex method or directly roast
The step that burning method is combined.
Described cobalt precursor is cobalt nitrate, and described alkaline earth precursor is the nitrate of alkaline-earth metal.
Preferably, described coprecipitation includes step：The cobalt precursor and alkaline earth precursor of corresponding amount are dissolved in
In water, then in sodium carbonate liquor is added dropwise under stirring condition at 70~90 DEG C to pH=8~10, formed and precipitated, standing 8~
24h, is filtrated to get filter cake, then dries, last roasting of pulverizing obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst that alkaline-earth metal is modified.
Preferably, described citric acid complex method, including step：By the cobalt precursor and alkaline earth precursor of corresponding amount
It is soluble in water, the monohydrate potassium of 1.1~1.3 times of cobalt and alkaline-earth metal integral molar quantity is then added, stirring and dissolving is after 70
At~90 DEG C continue stir 3~4h until solution become gel or sticky mass, then dry, pulverize after be calcined
The cobaltosic oxide catalyst modified to alkaline-earth metal.
Preferably, drying temperature is 110~120 DEG C, sintering temperature is 450~500 DEG C.
Preferably, roasting process is：Room temperature is begun to warm up, and temperature programming is carried out with 1 DEG C/min heating rate, until
450~500 DEG C, 4h is kept at 450~500 DEG C.
Another object of the present invention is application of the catalyst in chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning described in disclosure.
Specially a kind of method of chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning of described application, the burning condition of this method is：
Specially a kind of method of chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning of described application, the burning condition of this method is：Catalyst is
Described catalyst is the cobaltosic oxide of alkaline-earth metal modification, and oxidant is air, and reaction pressure is 0.1~0.5Mpa, chlorine
Concentration for aromatic hydrocarbon is 0.05~0.5vol%, and oxygen concentration is 5~20vol%, and reaction temperature is 190~450 DEG C.
The consumption of catalyst must be enough to make chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon change into carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride in the case of air presence.
Burnt through above-mentioned method, chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon can be converted into carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride and chlorine.The tail burnt completely
Gas can absorb (sour gas such as hydrogen chloride and chlorine) using dilute alkaline soln and be vented afterwards.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The catalyst of the present invention is the cobaltosic oxide catalyst that alkaline-earth metal is modified, and preparation technology is simple, cheap.
Due to the addition of alkaline-earth metal, especially Ba and Ca, the generation of many chlorinations can be suppressed to a certain extent, many chlorine are reduced
For the amount of product, while the advantages of high catalytic activity, strong anti-chlorine poisoning capability and long lifespan can also be kept.In relatively low reaction temperature
Under degree, in atmosphere, the chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon catalysis burning conversion in waste gas can be long-term and stably by catalyst of the invention
Carbon dioxide, chlorine and hydrogen chloride, the chloride volatile organic pollution that can be widely applied in papermaking, pharmacy, process hides, washing
Catalytic combustion elimination and consumer waste incineration Zhong dioxins materials low-temperature catalyzed purification.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the distribution map that generation is 1,2,4- trichloro-benzenes on catalyst；
Fig. 2 is Co9Ba1O-dichlorohenzene is catalyzed combustion stability test result on catalyst.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.It should be understood that following examples are merely to illustrate this
Invention is not for restriction the scope of the present invention.
The sol-gal process of comparative example 1 prepares cobaltosic oxide catalyst
7.28g cobalt nitrate hexahydrates are dissolved in 25mL deionized waters, then 6.3g monohydrate potassiums are added to above-mentioned solution
Middle dissolving, stirs 30min at room temperature；Then above-mentioned solution is transferred to 80 DEG C of 3~4h of stirred in water bath until solution becomes solidifying
Glue or sticky mass, then in 110 DEG C of oven drying 12h, finally take out and pulverize, then move to Muffle kiln roasting.
Its roasting process is：Room temperature is begun to warm up, and temperature programming is carried out with 1 DEG C/min heating rate, until 500 DEG C, at 500 DEG C
4h is kept, pure cobaltosic oxide catalyst is obtained.
The sol-gal process of embodiment 1~12 prepares the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of alkaline-earth metal modification
Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and alkaline earth precursor with the amount shown in table 1 is dissolved in 25mL deionized waters, then added
Enter 6.3g monohydrate potassiums, 30min is stirred at room temperature；Then above-mentioned solution is transferred to 80 DEG C of 3~4h of stirred in water bath straight
Become gel or sticky mass to solution, then in 110 DEG C of oven drying 12h, finally take out and pulverize, then move to horse
Not kiln roasting.Roasting process is：Room temperature is begun to warm up, and temperature programming is carried out with 1 DEG C/min heating rate, until 500 DEG C,
4h is kept at 500 DEG C, the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of alkaline-earth metal modification is obtained.
Embodiment 1,5 and 9 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of barium modification；
Embodiment 2,6 and 10 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of strontium modification；
Embodiment 3,7 and 11 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of calcium modification；
Embodiment 4,8 and 12 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of magnesium modification.
The alkaline earth precursor and its consumption of the embodiment 1~24 of table 1
Each alkaline earth precursor and cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, monohydrate potassium in table 1 are commercially available.
The coprecipitation of comparative example 2 prepares cobaltosic oxide catalyst
6.36g sodium carbonate is dissolved in 50mL deionized waters and forms sodium carbonate liquor, solution A is used as；7.28g six is hydrated
Cobalt nitrate, which is dissolved in 50mL deionized waters, forms cobalt nitrate solution, is used as solution B；, will under conditions of stirring in 80 DEG C of water-baths
Solution A is added drop-wise in B solution dropwise, to pH=8~10, is formed precipitation, is stood 12h in air at room temperature；It is filtrated to get filter
Cake, 110 DEG C of oven for drying take out grind into powder, finally move to Muffle furnace roasting.Its roasting process is：Room temperature is begun to warm up,
Temperature programming is carried out with 1 DEG C/min heating rate, until 500 DEG C, 4h is kept at 500 DEG C, pure cobaltosic oxide is obtained
Catalyst.
The coprecipitation of embodiment 13~24 prepares the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of alkaline-earth metal modification
6.36g sodium carbonate is dissolved in 50mL deionized waters and forms sodium carbonate liquor, solution A is used as；By the amount shown in table 1
Cabaltous nitrate hexahydrate and alkaline earth precursor be dissolved in 50mL deionized waters and form cobalt nitrate solution, be used as solution B；80
In DEG C water-bath, under conditions of stirring, solution A is added drop-wise in B solution dropwise, to pH=8~10, precipitation is formed, at room temperature
12h is stood in air；Filter cake is filtrated to get, 110 DEG C of oven for drying take out grind into powder, finally move to Muffle furnace roasting.Its
Roasting process is：Room temperature is begun to warm up, and temperature programming is carried out with 1 DEG C/min heating rate, until 500 DEG C, protected at 500 DEG C
4h is held, the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of alkaline-earth metal modification is obtained.
Embodiment 13,17 and 21 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of barium modification；
Embodiment 14,18 and 22 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of strontium modification；
Embodiment 15,19 and 23 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of calcium modification；
Embodiment 16,20 and 24 obtains the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of magnesium modification.
The Catalytic Combustion of the catalyst of effect example 1
The low-temperature catalyzed of o-dichlorohenzene is carried out respectively using the catalyst of embodiment 1~4,13~16 and comparative example 1 and 2
Combustion test, all combustion tests are carried out in fixed-bed micro-reactor (internal diameter 4mm quartz), and the consumption of catalyst is
200mg, temperature is automatically controlled using K-type thermocouple.O-dichlorohenzene uses 100 series KDS120 of Stoelting companies of the U.S.
The injection of type micro-injection pump enters vaporizer, and reactor is then mixed into air and carries out catalysis burning.Total flow uses matter
Flowmeter control is measured, the concentration of o-dichlorohenzene is controlled in 0.1vol%, and every gram of catalyst handles exhausted air quantity for 30L per hour, warp
The gas linear velocity of reactor is 478m/h, and reaction pressure is 0.1Mpa.
Gas after burning is passed through gas chromatograph and detected, detection structure is shown：
1st, (the mol ratio on not be the same as Example catalystCobalt/alkaline-earth metal=9:1) conversion ratio of o-dichlorohenzene and reaction temperature
Relation is shown in Table 2, wherein T10%、T50%、T90%Respectively conversion ratio reaches reaction temperature required when 10%, 50%, 90%.
The not o-dichlorohenzene catalysis burning on be the same as Example catalyst of table 2
And as shown in Table 2, compared to comparative example 1 and 2, the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of the barium modification of embodiment 1 and 13 is urged
The conversion temperature for changing burning is reduced, and catalytic activity improves；The cobaltosic oxide catalysis of the strontium modification of embodiment 2 and 14
Agent, and embodiment 3 and 15 calcium modification cobaltosic oxide catalyst catalytic activity remain on maintain with comparative example 1 and
2 suitable catalytic activity；There is a certain degree of drop in the catalytic activity of the cobaltosic oxide catalyst of the magnesium modification of embodiment 4 and 16
It is low.
2nd, the result of the trichloro-benzenes produced under different temperatures on each catalyst is as shown in figure 1, wherein comparative example 1 and 2 is catalyzed
Agent (is labeled as Co3O4) catalysis burning when occur to occur in that a certain amount of trichlorine after chlorination, burning in the gas-chromatography of gas
The peak of benzene.And embodiment 1~4 and embodiment 13~16 catalyst (successively labeled as Co9Ba1、Co9Sr1、Co9Ca1、
Co9Mg1) catalysis under, the primary product of o-dichlorohenzene burning is carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride and a small amount of chlorine, in gas-chromatography
The peak of accessory substance trichloro-benzenes is obviously reduced, and illustrates that chlorination is suppressed.
The catalysis combustion stability test of effect example 2
With reference to the method for effect example 1, every gram of catalyst is controlled to handle exhausted air quantity per hour for 30L, reaction pressure exists
0.1Mpa, reaction temperature maintains 370 DEG C, and o-dichlorohenzene concentration is 0.1vol%, the use of air is oxidant, and wherein air is passed through
Cross drier drying, using embodiment 1 and the catalyst of embodiment 13, burn results as shown in figure 1, in 10 hours adjacent dichloro
The conversion ratio of benzene maintains more than 90%, has no catalyst inactivation.
To sum up, catalyst of the invention is the cobaltosic oxide catalyst that alkaline-earth metal is modified, and preparation technology is simple, price
It is cheap.Due to the addition of alkaline-earth metal, especially Ba and Ca, the generation of many chlorinations can be suppressed to a certain extent, together
When the advantages of can also keep catalytic activity high, strong anti-chlorine poisoning capability and long lifespan.Under relatively low reaction temperature, in air
In, the chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon catalysis burning conversion in waste gas can be long-term and stably carbon dioxide, chlorine by catalyst of the invention
Gas and hydrogen chloride.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of catalyst for chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning, it is characterised in that it is four that alkaline-earth metal is modified
Co 3 O, described alkaline-earth metal is magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium, and the mol ratio of cobalt and alkaline-earth metal is 19:1~1:1.
2. catalyst as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the mol ratio of cobalt and alkaline-earth metal is 19:1~9:1.
3. the preparation method of catalyst as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that it is included according to cobalt and alkaline-earth metal
Mol ratio, by the cobalt precursor and alkaline earth precursor of corresponding amount pass through coprecipitation, citric acid complex method or directly roast
The step that burning method is combined.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described cobalt precursor is cobalt nitrate, described alkaline-earth metal
Presoma is the nitrate of alkaline-earth metal.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described coprecipitation includes step：Before the cobalt of corresponding amount
Drive body and alkaline earth precursor is soluble in water, then in sodium carbonate liquor is added dropwise to pH=under 70~90 DEG C of stirring conditions
8~10, precipitation is formed, 8~24h is stood, is filtrated to get filter cake, is then dried, last roasting of pulverizing obtains alkaline-earth metal
The cobaltosic oxide catalyst of modification.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described citric acid complex method, including step：By corresponding amount
Cobalt precursor and alkaline earth precursor are soluble in water, then add a water of 1.1~1.3 times of cobalt and alkaline-earth metal integral molar quantity
Citric acid is closed, stirring and dissolving stirs 3~4h until solution becomes gel or sticky mass, so after continuation at 70~90 DEG C
Dry afterwards, pulverize after roasting obtain alkaline-earth metal modification cobaltosic oxide catalyst.
7. the method as described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that drying temperature is 110~120 DEG C, and sintering temperature is 450
~500 DEG C.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that roasting process is：Room temperature is begun to warm up, with 1 DEG C/min liter
Warm speed carries out temperature programming, until 450~500 DEG C, keep 4h at 450~500 DEG C.
9. application of the catalyst as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low-temperature catalytic burning.
10. application as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that specially a kind of chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon low temperature of described application is urged
Change the method for burning, the burning condition of this method is：Catalyst is the catalyst described in claim 1 or 2, and oxidant is sky
Gas, reaction pressure is 0.1~0.5Mpa, and the concentration of chlorination aromatic hydrocarbon is 0.05~0.5vol%, oxygen concentration is 5~
20vol%, reaction temperature is 190~450 DEG C.
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| CN109126798A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-01-04 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Supported cobalt-base catalyst and its preparation method and application for vinyl chloride low-temperature catalytic oxidation |
| CN110038578A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-23 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | The preparation of the co-modified cobaltosic oxide catalyst of nickel barium for vinyl chloride low-temperature catalytic burning and product and application |
| CN110090650A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-06 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of cobaltosic oxide catalyst that ruthenium strontium promotes altogether and products thereof and and application |
| CN110586103A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2019-12-20 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of alkali-modified cobalt-based catalyst for low-temperature catalytic degradation of vinyl chloride, product and application thereof |
| CN111167458A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-05-19 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Barium carbonate-promoted cobaltosic oxide catalyst for vinyl chloride low-temperature catalytic combustion degradation |
| CN113786835A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-14 | 大连理工大学 | Metal oxide catalyst applied to VOCs catalytic combustion and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113786835B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-03-07 | 大连理工大学 | Metal oxide catalyst applied to VOCs catalytic combustion and preparation method and application thereof |
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