CN106993499A - A kind of authentication method of low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period and its application in breeding - Google Patents
A kind of authentication method of low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period and its application in breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106993499A CN106993499A CN201710188582.4A CN201710188582A CN106993499A CN 106993499 A CN106993499 A CN 106993499A CN 201710188582 A CN201710188582 A CN 201710188582A CN 106993499 A CN106993499 A CN 106993499A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H3/00—Processes for modifying phenotypes, e.g. symbiosis with bacteria
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Abstract
The present invention relates to crop authentication method, the authentication method of specifically a kind of low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period, it is each issue of sowing rice varieties to be identified and low temperature resistant check variety, if there are larger fluctuation in beginning ear period, full heading time and the maturity period of each issue of each kind, or kind last 12 phase fails normal heading and ripe, then kind to be identified is weak to the tolerance of low temperature, otherwise according to whether meeting with extreme low temperature weather to select evaluation method：If all kinds have any phase to have beginning fringe during extreme low temperature weather, the phase that each kind choosing meets with extreme low temperature weather selects 10 effective fringes of beginning on same day fringe, evaluated according to setting percentage and with the comparison compareed；If not meeting with extreme weather, each kind each date of seeding, chooses the effective fringe of 5 root and stem of certain plants and carries out indoor species test, and record maximum, minimum value, average value are evaluated with this.The authentication method science of the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period of the present invention selects evaluation criterion, the identification low temperature resistant suitable for a large amount of kinds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop authentication method, the authentication method of specifically a kind of low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period and its educating
Application in kind.
Background technology
The paddy rice that the world has more than 15,000,000 hectares is threatened by low temperature, cold with the presence of 24 serious paddy rice lows of country
Evil problem, especially using the eastern rice region of Japan, Korea and China as protrusion.In China, every year because chilling injury make the paddy underproduction 30~
5000000000 kilograms.Chilling injury is to influence the Main Climatic factor of rice yield, is occurred frequently and with certain mass-sending and week
Phase property, as the unstable major reason of Rice Production.Paddy rice is initiated by the plant in the torrid zone, and happiness temperature is that its intrinsic heredity is special
Property.Because the genetic background of different cultivars is different, the suitable different reactions therefore to low temperature of ecological environment are also variant.Especially
It is that reaction in booting and flowering phase to temperature is especially sensitive, unfavorable temperature can cause grain husk flower abortion, rice varieties are resistance to
Obstruction type chilling injury has differences.Heading flowering period is one of paddy rice period most sensitive to thermotonus.Hunan double cropping of rice
Area's heading flowering period in late rice produces is subjected to " cold dew wind " low temperature effect, causes to be fertilized, is in the milk and is obstructed, causes sterile grain rate to increase
Plus, yield reduction even lose receipts, the safety in production of tight threat late rice.In order to overcome low temperature to the adverse effect of Rice Production, remove
Take outside cultivation step, be to mitigate chilling injury most economical effective measures from ear period low-temperature tolerant cultivarses.Rice varieties fringe
Phase low temperature tolerance ability is general to spend with relatively strong height absolutely to judge at low temperature with it, and current identification mode mainly has 3 kinds：
(1) phjytotron mode；(2) field manually heats mode；(3) crop field interval sowing mode.
Phjytotron mode is to carry out artificial high-temperature process to paddy rice sample indoors using artificial temperature raising device, ripe
After take processing spike of rice investigate setting percentage.Phjytotron mode can create cryogenic conditions, can carry out some relevant with temperature
Experiment, but for carry out rice varieties fruiting performances at low temperature identification for, it is small by test space, it is impossible to adapt to high-volume kind
With the Identification of larger samples, it is only suitable for a small amount of kind and carries out small sample experiment；Air humidity, illumination, the air group of interior
All there is big difference with rice field natural growing environment into composition, stronger air flow.
Field artificial hypothermia's mode is under the natural conditions of field, using artificial hypothermia's facility, in nearly facility certain area
Interior manufacture low-temperature treatment rice varieties, equally take processing spike of rice to investigate setting percentage after maturation.To all experiment kind reduction temperature
Degree Time Inconsistency hardly possible is controlled, each experiment kind fringe layer height is inconsistent, is difficult uniformity.And high expensive, typically educate
The personnel of kind can not bear.
Crop field interval sowing mode is carried out in crop field, experimental field substantially unrestricted without facility, can be to high-volume product
Kind large sample tested, experimental enviroment is closer to produce reality.But traditional crop field interval sowing is in complete natural bar
Under part, the low temperature meteorological condition needed for experiment is often difficult to be met, and either this season occurs without microthermal climate or low temperature day
Gas is misfitted with experiment kind heading flowering period, often cannot get qualification result.If not running into low temperature, it is usually required mainly for reference pair
According to kind and evaluation criterion.Therefore need deeper into research.
The content of the invention
The shortcoming existed for traditional crop field interval sowing low temperature authentication method, it is low temperature resistant that the present invention provides a kind of ear period
The authentication method of double cropping late rice and its application in breeding.
The authentication method for the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：
1) each issue of sowing rice varieties to be identified and the low temperature resistant check variety of ear period, interval sowing seedling, rear transplanting is to big
Field；
2) beginning ear period, full heading time and the maturity period of each issue of each kind are recorded；If normally beginning ear period, full heading time with each kind
Larger fluctuation has been compared with the maturity period, or the kind last 1-2 phases fail normal heading and ripe, then kind to be identified is to low temperature
Tolerance to be weak, the otherwise crop field temperature in continuous record September 1-October 30, if there is the per day gas in continuous crop field on the 3rd
Extreme low temperature weather below 18 DEG C of less than 21 DEG C of temperature and/or continuous 5 days daily maximum temperatures, and all kinds have extreme
There is any beginning phase fringe in during microthermal climate, then judged, otherwise judged with method B with method A；
Method A is：Each kind selects heading stage to meet phase of extreme low temperature weather, by 10 of beginning ear period beginning on same day fringe
Effectively fringe is listed, and carries out indoor species test when paddy basic yellow maturity, investigates the setting percentage X of the listed spike of rice of rice varieties to be identified
With the setting percentage Y of the listed spike of rice of low temperature resistant check variety；The standard of judge is performed by table 1：
Evaluation criterions of the method A of table 1 to the tolerance of low temperature
Method B is：During the basic yellow maturity of paddy, each kind each date of seeding, chooses the effective fringe of 5 root and stem of certain plants and carries out indoor species test, adjusts respectively
The setting percentage of rice varieties to be identified each date of seeding is looked into, and records maximum for Mmax, minimum value is Mmin, while investigation is low temperature resistant right
According to kind all dates of seeding average setting percentage N；The standard of judge is performed by table 2：
Evaluation criterions of the method B of table 2 to the tolerance of low temperature
Wherein, step 1) interval sowing, earliest sowing time and each issue of interval are determined according to local climate condition, it is excellent
Choosing sowed a phase every 3 days, more preferably arranged as shown in table 3 by stages：
The interval sowing calendar of table 3
Wherein, the check variety is preferably Hunan evening Xian 12 (Hunan product examine No. 307).
Wherein, the transplanting, is advisable (20 days after about broadcasting) with 4.5-5.5 leaves.
Wherein, protection row is set around the transplanting, each kind.
Wherein, during the basic yellow maturity of the paddy, 25-30 days after about earing.
Wherein, it is described listed, variety name, sowing date and fringe date beginning are marked on board.
The present invention also provides the authentication method of the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of the ear period in the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice breeding of ear period
In application, it is eliminated to the tolerance of low temperature to carry out the identification of the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period during rice breeding
General or weak breeding material, under equal conditions tolerance strong breeding material of the prioritizing selection to low temperature.
The authentication method of the low temperature resistant paddy rice of the present invention, with advantages below：
1st, the identification low temperature resistant suitable for a large amount of kinds of Hunan Province's double cropping late rice.
2nd, science of the present invention selects evaluation criterion.
3rd, the low temperature tolerance characteristicses during this method is mainly used to double cropping late rice heading poplar bloassom.
4th, using crop field simple Identification method, it is not necessary to complicated instrument and equipment.
5th, scientific design of the present invention rational sowing time.
6th, the present invention sets check variety, and effect is easily evaluated.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.Used in following embodiments
Experimental method unless otherwise specified, be conventional method.
Embodiment 1 pair Hunan in 2014 part Varieties In Late Rice carries out ear period low temperature tolerance characteristicses identification
This Varieties In Late Rice to be identified identified is five excellent 308, five Feng You T025, Hunan evening Xian 11, beautiful pin perfume, agriculture perfume
48th, perfume 33, wound perfume 35, Yue You 9113, Yue You 3555, Tang two excellent 3 totally 10 Hunan double cropping late rice kinds are created.
Selected check variety：From Hunan evening Xian, No. 12 are used as the low temperature resistant check variety of ear period.
Science interval sowing seedling：The sowing of 8 phases is divided into, since June 20, was sowed every 3 days, is shown in Table 3.Sow on the same day
10 identification rice varieties and Hunan evening Xian 12 are treated, is managed using generally conventional watery ricenursery.
The interval sowing calendar of table 3
| Issue | The first phase | The second phase | The third phase | The fourth phase | The fifth phase | 6th phase | 7th phase | 8th phase |
| Time | June 20 | June 23 | June 26 | June 29 | July 2 | July 5 | July 8 | July 11 |
Reasonable transplanting spacing and density:Each kind inserts 5 rows, often the root and stem of certain plants of row 20, totally 100 root and stem of certain plants, density 20cm × 20cm.Around
Protection row is set, and the seedling of two paddy is inserted in rice transplanting in 20 days after broadcasting per the root and stem of certain plants.
It is in good time listed:10 effective fringes that each kind chooses same day beginning fringe are listed, and variety name is marked on board, is broadcast
Plant date and fringe date beginning.
Temperature and setting percentage data recordation:(A) experimental plot September bimestrial crop field day on 1-October 30 is recorded in detail most
Low temperature, daily mean temperature.(B) beginning ear period, full heading time and the maturity period of each issue of each kind and check variety are recorded.(C) each phase
22 days after kind heading, during the basic yellow maturity of paddy, each kind each date of seeding, chooses the effective fringe of 5 root and stem of certain plants and carries out indoor species test, investigation knot
Real rate.(D) all listed spikes of rice carry out indoor species test, investigate setting percentage.
Selection mode evaluates kind：It is beginning ear period, full heading time and the maturity period of each issue of each kind and each normal beginning ear period, neat
Ear period is compared with the maturity period without larger fluctuation, according to experimental plot from the September trimestral field on 1-October 30 of record
Evaluation criterion is selected in the lowest temperature, daily mean temperature.All kinds of sowing have a phase all to encounter most from listed day
Thermal extremes of the low temperature below 18 DEG C for three days on end, are specifically shown in Table 4, using method A (standard is shown in Table 1).Evaluation result is shown in Table
5。
The thermal extremes of table 4 record situation
| Date | Temperature on average | The lowest temperature |
| September 21 days | 20℃ | 15℃ |
| September 22 days | 18℃ | 14℃ |
| September 23 days | 18℃ | 15℃ |
| September 24 days | 22℃ | 17℃ |
The evaluation of result of table 5
Embodiment 2 pair Hunan in 2015 part double cropping late rice breeding material carries out low temperature tolerance characteristicses identification
This Varieties In Late Rice to be identified identified is perfume 1, perfume 3, perfume 4, perfume 6, profit 1, profit 2, profit 3, profit 4, intelligent two excellent No. 8,
Intelligent two excellent No. 9 totally 10 Hunan breeding new materials.
Selected check variety：From Hunan evening Xian, No. 12 are used as low temperature resistant check variety.
Science interval sowing seedling：The sowing of 8 phases is divided into, since June 20, was sowed every 3 days, date of seeding is arranged with implementation
The table 3 of example 1.12 identification rice varieties and Hunan evening Xian 12 are treated in sowing on the same day, are managed using generally conventional watery ricenursery.
Reasonable transplanting spacing and density:Each kind inserts 5 rows, often the root and stem of certain plants of row 20, totally 100 root and stem of certain plants, density 20cm × 20cm.Around
Protection row is set, and the seedling of two paddy is inserted in rice transplanting in 20 days after broadcasting per the root and stem of certain plants.
It is in good time listed:10 effective fringes that each kind chooses same day beginning fringe are listed, and variety name is marked on board, is broadcast
Plant date and fringe date beginning.
Temperature and setting percentage data recordation:(A) experimental plot September bimestrial highest gas on 1-October 30 is recorded in detail
Temperature, daily mean temperature.(B) each issue of each experiment and beginning ear period, full heading time and the maturity period of check variety are recorded.(C) each phase kind
28 days after heading, during the basic yellow maturity of paddy, each kind each date of seeding, chooses the effective fringe of 5 root and stem of certain plants and carries out indoor species test, investigates setting percentage,
It is shown in Table 6.
Selection mode evaluates kind：It is beginning ear period, full heading time and the maturity period of each issue of each kind and each normal beginning ear period, neat
Ear period is compared with the maturity period without larger fluctuation, historically, the day minimum gas in September bimestrial field on the 30th on 1-October
Temperature, daily mean temperature, listed kind do not run into the pole that temperature on average is more than 21 DEG C or the lowest temperature is more than 18 DEG C for three days on end
Temperature is held, using method B (standard is shown in Table 2).Evaluation result is shown in Table 7.
Table 6：Each date of seeding, chooses the effective fringe statistics setting percentage of 5 root and stem of certain plants per kind
Table 7：Evaluation of result
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of authentication method of the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) each issue of sowing rice varieties to be identified and the low temperature resistant check variety of ear period, interval sowing seedling, rear transplanting to crop field；
2) beginning ear period, full heading time and the maturity period of each issue of each kind are recorded；If with each kind normally begin ear period, full heading time and into
The ripe phase, which is compared, larger fluctuation, or the kind last 1-2 phases fail normal heading and ripe, then kind to be identified is to the resistance to of low temperature
It is weak by property, otherwise continuously records the crop field temperature in September 1-October 30, if there is continuous crop field daily mean temperature 21 on the 3rd
Below DEG C and/or extreme low temperature weather of the continuous 5 days daily maximum temperatures below 18 DEG C, and all kinds have in extreme low temperature
There is any beginning phase fringe in during weather, then judged, otherwise judged with method B with method A；
Method A is：Each kind selects heading stage to meet phase of extreme low temperature weather, by 10 of beginning ear period beginning on same day fringe effectively
Fringe is listed, and carries out indoor species test when paddy basic yellow maturity, investigates rice varieties to be identified and is listed the setting percentage X of spike of rice and resistance to
The setting percentage Y of the listed spike of rice of low temperature check variety；The standard of judge is performed by table 1：
Evaluation criterions of the method A of table 1 to the tolerance of low temperature
Method B is：During the basic yellow maturity of paddy, each kind each date of seeding, chooses the effective fringe of 5 root and stem of certain plants and carries out indoor species test, and investigation respectively is treated
The setting percentage of rice varieties each date of seeding is identified, and records maximum for Mmax, minimum value is Mmin, while investigating low temperature resistant reference substance
Plant average setting percentage N of all dates of seeding；The standard of judge is performed by table 2：
Evaluation criterions of the method B of table 2 to the tolerance of low temperature
2. authentication method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) interval sowing, sowed one every 3 days
Phase.
3. authentication method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that step 1) interval sowing, arrange by stages such as the institute of table 3
Show：
The interval sowing calendar of table 3
4. authentication method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the low temperature resistant check variety is Hunan evening Xian 12.
5. protection row is set around authentication method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the transplanting, each kind.
6. authentication method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that during the basic yellow maturity of the paddy, for 25-30 after heading
My god.
7. authentication method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described listed, marks variety name, sowing date on board
With fringe date beginning.
8. application of the authentication method in the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice breeding of ear period described in claim any one of 1-7.
9. application as claimed in claim 8, it is with the authentication method progress described in any one of 1-7 during rice breeding
The identification of the low temperature resistant double cropping late rice of ear period, eliminates the general or weak breeding material of the tolerance to low temperature, under equal conditions excellent
First select the breeding material that the tolerance to low temperature is strong.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112369322A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Method for identifying high-quality rice variety in high-temperature period by using alkali elimination value |
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| CN105794508A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-27 | 江西农业大学 | Simple method for quickly screening out cold-tolerance rice varieties |
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2017
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| CN1411701A (en) * | 2002-11-21 | 2003-04-23 | 江西省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Screening method for breeding strong cold-resisting new rice variety |
| CN104041255A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-17 | 长江大学 | Test method for low temperature resistance of rice during heading period |
| CN106332770A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-01-18 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Cold region hybrid japonica rice breeding method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112369322A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-19 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Method for identifying high-quality rice variety in high-temperature period by using alkali elimination value |
| CN112369322B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2023-10-03 | 安徽荃银高科种业股份有限公司 | Method for identifying high-quality rice variety in high temperature period by using alkali extinction value |
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