CN106991353B

CN106991353B - NFC reader-writer and data reading and writing method of NFC reader-writer for NFC label

Info

Publication number: CN106991353B
Application number: CN201710213608.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 楼鹏; 王旬贵; 张吉红; 康泽华
Original assignee: Apex Microelectronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Geehy Semiconductor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-04-01
Filing date: 2017-04-01
Publication date: 2020-03-20
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-01
Also published as: CN106951809B; CN106991352A; WO2017167311A1; CN106991463A; CN106991463B; WO2017167274A1; CN106845599A; CN106991353A; CN106934445B; CN106845599B; CN106991352B; CN106934445A; CN106951809A

Abstract

The invention discloses an NFC reader-writer and a data reading and writing method of the NFC reader-writer to an NFC label. The NFC tag is internally provided with a data management system, a plurality of NDEF records are read through the data management system or package of the NDEF records of a large amount of data is executed, the NDEF records are analyzed or directly written into a nonvolatile storage unit, storage and transmission of the large amount of data are realized, a data head is arranged in the nonvolatile storage unit, reading, rewriting and rewriting of targeted or partial file data are executed through index information of each file in the data head, and an application program at an NFC reader-writer end reads and writes the NFC tag, so that more flexible reading and writing operation of data in the NFC tag is realized.

Description

NFC reader-writer and data reading and writing method of NFC reader-writer for NFC label

The present application claims priority to chinese patent application CN201610206809.9 entitled "NFC tag, NFC reader and method for reading and writing data for an NFC tag" filed on 2016, 04, 01, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of wireless communication, and relates to an NFC tag working in a tag and reader-writer mode, an NFC reader-writer and a data reading-writing method of the NFC tag.

Background

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a fast short-distance high-frequency wireless Communication technology that operates on a frequency of 13.56MHz (megahertz), has a Communication connection establishment time of less than 1 second, and has a Communication distance generally limited to 10 centimeters. NFC devices currently defined based on contactless smart card standards such as the NFC protocol specification NFCIP-1 (including ISO/IEC 18092 international standard and ECMA-340 standard), ISO/IEC 14443 international standard, Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) X6319-4, and the like can operate in a reader/writer mode for NFC tags, a peer-to-peer mode for other NFC devices, and a card emulation mode for other NFC readers, and NFC devices based on different NFC standards support different data transmission rates such as 106kbps (kilobits per second), 212kbps, and 424 kbps. Two communication modes are supported between NFC devices: an active mode (such as a point-to-point mode) in which the communication initiating device and the target communication device are both powered by themselves and alternately transmit data; the communication initiating device generates a wireless signal and supplies power to the target communication device through an electromagnetic field, and the target communication device responds to the passive mode (such as a reader-writer mode and a card simulation mode) of the communication initiating device by modulating the existing electromagnetic field. Generally, in a tag and reader mode, an NFC reader (such as a mobile phone supporting NFC communication) approaches a passive NFC tag and generates a wireless signal, an antenna of the NFC tag captures electric energy from an electromagnetic field of the wireless signal to supply power to a memory, and data stored in the memory is transmitted to the NFC reader through modulation of the electromagnetic field. The passive NFC label has the characteristics that only an antenna and a corresponding storage device are needed, and no extra battery is needed, so that the passive NFC label is simple to manufacture, low in cost, single in size and thin and convenient to carry, is widely applied to electronic tags and cards, anti-counterfeiting identification and electronic business cards at present, and brings great convenience to life of people.

At present, the protocol of NFC Data communication is standardized by the NFC Forum (NFC Forum), which defines an NFC Data Exchange Format (NDEF) as a general Data Format for NFC communication between NFC devices and NFC tags and between NFC devices. NDEF uses an NDEF Message (NDEF Message) as a data exchange structure of an NFC communication, and an NDEF Message may contain at least one NDEF Record (NDEF Record), where each NDEF Record carries data for communication as a Payload (NDEF Payload). When the NFC equipment communicates with each other, an NFC generator (NFC generator) in the target communication equipment encapsulates data needing communication as a payload into one or more NDEF records, the one or more NDEF records are sent to the communication initiating equipment as an NDEF message, and an NFC analyzer (NFC parser) in the communication initiating equipment parses the received NDEF message into a payload and transmits the payload to an NDEF Application (NDEF Application) for processing.

In the existing NFC label, an NDEF message is stored in a memory of the NFC label in the form of a single NDEF record, when the NFC equipment is used as communication initiating equipment to read the NFC label, the NFC label directly sends the single NDEF record as the NDEF message to the NFC equipment, and an NFC resolver inside the NFC equipment resolves the single NDEF record into a payload and transmits the payload to an NDEF application for processing.

Since only a single NDEF record is stored in the existing NFC tag, even though the single NDEF record may contain multiple NDEF sub-records as payload for encapsulation. However, due to the limitation of the NFC communication speed, and due to the data frame transmission between the target communication device and the communication initiating device, the single NDEF record data is too large, which causes the frame loss transmission in the NFC communication to cause a communication error rate to be too high and transmission to fail, and the amount of the single NDEF record data that can be stored by the NFC tag is usually limited to 8KB (kilobytes). Thus, current NFC tags are unable to store and transfer relatively large amounts of data of tens of KB or even several MB (megabytes).

Moreover, in combined data storage and transmission involving multiple files, the multiple files are typically encapsulated as payloads into multiple NDEF sub-records, respectively, which are then encapsulated into a single NDEF record for storage in the NFC tag. When a file is read, the NDEF records in the NFC tag need to be completely read and analyzed by the NFC analyzer, and then the target file can be obtained, and the file therein cannot be selectively or only partially read.

Accordingly, an NFC tag capable of storing and transmitting a relatively large amount of data and an NFC tag read-write method of selectively reading and writing part of data are required.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems that an NFC tag cannot store and transmit a large amount of data and data reading and writing are inflexible in the prior art, the invention provides a novel NFC tag, an NFC reader-writer and a data reading and writing method of the NFC tag.

An NFC reader for communicating with an NFC tag, a nonvolatile memory unit of the NFC tag including a directory area, a data header, and a data area, the NFC reader comprising:

an NFC antenna for NFC communication;

an NFC parser for parsing the NDEF record;

the NFC generator is used for packaging the data or the instructions into NDEF records;

and the application program is used for acquiring the names, the types, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of the files stored in the data area and at least one index information of the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of the files stored in the data area through NFC communication, and appointing the reading sequence of the files in the NFC tag according to the at least one index information and executing corresponding processing of reading out the files, or appointing the writing type of the NFC tag according to the at least one index information and executing corresponding sending processing of the written files.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the application program has a user visualization and user operation interface, and the file reading sequence of the plurality of files in the NFC tag can be specified through the priority reading instruction of the user.

A multi-file data reading method of an NFC reader-writer for an NFC label is disclosed, the NFC reader-writer comprises an NFC antenna, an NFC resolver and an application program, the NFC label comprises an NFC antenna, a data management system and a nonvolatile storage unit, the nonvolatile storage unit comprises a directory area, a data head and a data area, and the multi-file data reading method comprises the following steps:

the data management system of the NFC label loads a directory area and a data head of a nonvolatile storage unit, and obtains the name and the type of the NFC label, file names, file types or file identification codes and file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in a data area, and start addresses, data lengths or end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area;

the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least part of information of the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area of the NFC tag into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to the NFC reader-writer;

an NFC antenna of the NFC reader obtains the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by an NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes, the file sequence codes and the like of a plurality of files stored in the data area is transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader;

an application program of the NFC reader-writer selects and determines a file name or a file type of a file to be read and a reading sequence of the plurality of files according to the type of the NFC tag or the sequence of the file to be read by a user, an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the file name or the file type of the file to be read and the reading sequence instruction of the plurality of files into at least one NDEF instruction record bearing a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC tag through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the at least one NDEF instruction, records the NDEF instruction and transmits the NDEF instruction to a data management system of the NFC tag;

the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the file name or the file type of a file to be read by an application program of the NFC reader-writer and the reading sequence of a plurality of files, and reads the files out of the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence according to the initial address, the data length or the ending address information of the files;

the data management system of the NFC label packages each read file into a plurality of NDEF data records bearing smaller data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC label modulates an electromagnetic field to send the electromagnetic field to the NFC reader-writer;

the NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer acquires the at least one NDEF data record, and the NDEF data records are analyzed by the NFC analyzer and then transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader-writer;

and the application program of the NFC reader-writer executes processing on the read file.

the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least a part of information such as the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least a part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of a plurality of files stored in the data area into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and an NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to an NFC reader-writer;

an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by the NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area are transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader-writer;

the application program of the NFC reader-writer selects and determines the file name or the file type of the file to be read and the reading sequence of the files according to the type of the NFC tag or the sequence of the file to be read by a user, describes a file reading instruction according to the start address, the data length or the end address information of each file to be read, packages the start address, the data length or the end address information of each file to be read and the reading sequence instruction of each file to be read into at least one NDEF instruction record with a small data volume by an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer, and sends the NDEF instruction record to the NFC tag through an electromagnetic field by an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer;

and the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and acquires the initial address, the data length or the end address information of the file to be read by the application program of the NFC reader-writer and the reading sequence, and directly reads the files from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence.

A multi-file data rewriting method of an NFC reader-writer for an NFC label is disclosed, the NFC reader-writer comprises an NFC antenna, an NFC resolver and an application program, the NFC label comprises an NFC antenna, a data management system and a nonvolatile storage unit, the nonvolatile storage unit comprises a directory area, a data head and a data area, and the multi-file data rewriting method comprises the following steps:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines the file name or the file type of a file to be rewritten and the rewriting sequence of the file according to the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files of the NFC label or according to the selection of a user on the file to be rewritten, the NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten, the rewriting sequence of the files and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record bearing a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten by the application program of the NFC reader-writer, the rewriting sequence of the plurality of files and corresponding file rewriting data, and rewrites the files in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence according to the initial address, the data length or the end address information of each file.

A multi-file data rewriting method of an NFC reader-writer for an NFC tag comprises an NFC antenna, an NFC resolver and an application program, the NFC tag comprises the NFC antenna, a data management system and a nonvolatile storage unit, the nonvolatile storage unit comprises a directory area, a data head and a data area, and the multi-file data rewriting method comprises the following steps:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer directly specifies the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten and the rewriting sequence of the file according to the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of the files of the NFC label or according to the selection of a user on the file to be rewritten, an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten, the rewriting sequence of the files and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record bearing a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the file name or the file type of a file to be rewritten by an application program of the NFC reader-writer, the rewriting sequence of a plurality of files and corresponding file rewriting data, sequentially rewrites the files in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit according to the information of the start address, the data length or the end address of each file, regenerates new index information such as the file name, the file type, the file identification code, the file sequence code, the start address, the data length or the end address of the file and writes the new index information into the data head.

Compared with the prior art, the NFC reader-writer and the NFC reader-writer reading-writing method for the NFC tag provided by the invention have the advantages that the data management system is arranged in the NFC tag, the data management system is used for reading a plurality of NDEF records or executing encapsulation of the NDEF records of a large amount of data, the NDEF records are analyzed or directly written into the nonvolatile storage unit, storage and transmission of the large amount of data are realized, the data head is arranged in the nonvolatile storage unit, reading, rewriting and rewriting of pointed or partial file data are executed through index information of each file in the data head, and an application program at the end of the NFC reader-writer is used for reading and writing the NFC tag, so that more flexible reading and writing operation of the data in the NFC tag is realized.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag provided in the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a diagram of a data storage structure of an NFC tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the following descriptions are only provided for simplifying the description process and making the technical solutions clearly appear, and the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other only if they are not conflict with each other, and the technical solutions formed should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag provided in the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the NFC tag 2 includes: the NFC tag 2 further includes a data management system 23 configured to manage, read or store data stored in the nonvolatile memory unit 22, encapsulate the data stored in the nonvolatile memory unit 22 into an NDEF message format suitable for being transmitted by the NFC antenna 21 or parse an NDEF message received by the NFC antenna 21 into a data format suitable for being stored by the nonvolatile memory unit 22.

Specifically, the NFC antenna 21 may be a coil wound in a circle or an ellipse or any other shape. The nonvolatile memory unit 22 may be implemented by a nonvolatile memory device such as an EEPROM, an EPROM, a FLASH, a ferroelectric memory, or a phase change memory, or may be implemented by a combination of a volatile memory such as one or more registers, a temporary memory, or a RAM, and at least one of the above nonvolatile memories. The data management system 23 may be a single-chip controller separately provided, or may be a combination of a plurality of control circuits integrated with the nonvolatile memory unit 23, for example, an SOC system designed on a wafer.

The data management system 23 provided by the present invention can have a plurality of implementation manners for different storage types, and the following describes in detail the implementation structure of the NFC tag 2 provided by the present invention with reference to fig. 2 to 3.

Example one

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The non-volatile storage unit 22 of the NFC tag 2 provided in this embodiment stores a relatively large amount of data (e.g., a file with a data size greater than 1MB and exceeding the data size of the payload-carrying data of a single NDEF record that can be stably transmitted to the NFC reader by the NFC antenna) in the form of raw data that is not encapsulated into NDEF records. As shown in fig. 2, the data management system 23 of the NFC tag 2 includes an NDEF message sending unit 231a, a data reading unit 232c, and an NDEF message packaging unit 233, where the data reading unit 232c is configured to read out the data stored in the nonvolatile memory unit 22, the NDEF message packaging unit 233 is configured to package a larger amount of data read out by the data reading unit 232c into a plurality of NDEF records, package a part of the larger amount of data as a payload into each of the NDEF records, and each of the NDEF records carries a smaller amount of data (for example, NDEF records smaller than 8 KB) to be stably sent to the NFC reader/writer by the NFC antenna 21, and the NDEF message sending unit 231a is configured to send the ordered plurality of NDEF records as at least one NDEF message through the NFC antenna 21 to modulate an electromagnetic field.

Alternatively, the NDEF message sending unit 231a and the NDEF message encapsulating unit 233 may also be combined to be an NDEF message encapsulating sending unit configured to encapsulate and send a single control message, or a combination of multiple overlapping control circuits.

Optionally, the data amount of the payload carried by the encapsulated NDEF records may be flexibly set according to the type of the NFC standard supported by the NFC reader and the supported communication rate, for example, for a lower communication rate, the data may be encapsulated into a larger number of NDEF records carrying a smaller data amount, so as to improve the stability of NFC communication.

Optionally, the NDEF message sending unit 231a sends the plurality of NDEF records carrying data with smaller data volume through the NFC antenna modulation electromagnetic field according to the order in which the NDEF message encapsulating unit 233 encapsulates the data with larger data volume into the plurality of NDEF records carrying data with smaller data volume.

Further, the NDEF message sending unit 231a sends an NDEF record carrying a start flag before sending the first NDEF record carrying a smaller amount of data to indicate the start of sending the plurality of NDEF records, and sends an NDEF record carrying an end flag after sending the last NDEF record carrying a smaller amount of data read this time to indicate the completion of sending the plurality of NDEF records this time; alternatively, the NDEF message sending unit 231a performs the start marking on the NDEF record when sending the first NDEF record carrying a small amount of data, and performs the end marking on the NDEF record when sending the last NDEF record carrying a small amount of data read this time. It should be noted that the nonvolatile storage unit 22 may store a single data, for example, a single file, or store a plurality of different data of the same type, for example, a plurality of documents, or store a plurality of different data of different types, for example, documents and pictures, which may all be packaged and sent as a single data, and optionally, may also package each data into a plurality of NDEF records and send a plurality of NDEF records of the next data after sending the plurality of NDEF records packaged by one data, respectively, for the plurality of different data, where an order of packaging each data into the NDEF records is not limited.

It should be noted that the data stored in the nonvolatile storage unit 22 may also be at least one NDEF record in one or more NDEF messages, which may still be repackaged into a new NDEF record with an appropriate data amount by using the NDEF message encapsulation unit 233 provided in this embodiment to use the data of the at least one NDEF record as a payload. For example, when the NDEF records stored in the nonvolatile memory unit 22 have a large data size and are difficult to send, the NDEF records may be repackaged into a plurality of new NDEF records with a small data size, and the new NDEF records are sent out.

Based on the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the data management system may directly encapsulate the data stored in the nonvolatile memory unit into a plurality of NDEF records and send out, so that the NFC tag may store and send a relatively large amount of data, and may flexibly execute encapsulation of the NDEF records according to NFC communication.

Example two

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an NFC tag according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the NFC tag provided in the first embodiment, the nonvolatile memory unit 22 of the NFC tag 2 provided in this embodiment also stores a larger amount of data in the form of raw data that is not packaged into NDEF records. As shown in fig. 3, compared with the NDEF message sending unit 231a and the data reading and writing unit 232c provided in the first embodiment, the NDEF message transceiving unit 231b and the data reading and writing unit 232d of the data management system 23 provided in this embodiment have not only the function settings of data reading and NDEF message sending, but also the function settings of NDEF message receiving and data writing. The principle of reading out and packaging the data stored in the nonvolatile memory unit 22 into the NDEF record and sending out the NDEF record by the data reading and writing unit 232d, the NDEF message packaging unit 233, and the NDEF message transceiving unit 231b is the same as that of the first embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

The data management system 23 provided in this embodiment includes an NDEF message transceiving unit 231b, a data reading and writing unit 232d, an NDEF message encapsulating unit 233, and an NDEF message parsing unit 234, where the NDEF message parsing unit 234 is configured to parse an NDEF record and extract data in a payload thereof.

When the NFC reader writes data into the NFC tag 2, the NFC antenna 21 of the NFC tag 2 demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain a received NDEF message, the NDEF message transceiver unit 231b sends the NDEF message including the NDEF records in the specific order to the NDEF message parser unit 234, the NDEF message parser unit 234 parses the NDEF records and extracts data in the payload, and transmits the larger amount of data to the data read/write unit 232d, and the data read/write unit 232d writes the larger amount of data into the nonvolatile storage unit 22.

Further, the NDEF message transceiver unit 231b indicates the start of sending a plurality of NDEF records when receiving an NDEF record carrying a start flag sent by an NFC reader, immediately starts receiving a first NDEF record carrying a smaller amount of data, and indicates the completion of sending a plurality of NDEF records this time when receiving an NDEF record carrying an end flag; or, the start marking is performed on the first NDEF record carrying a smaller amount of data sent to the NDEF messaging unit 231b, the end marking is performed on the last NDEF record carrying a smaller amount of data sent this time, and the NDEF messaging unit 231b completes the judgment of message reception.

It should be noted that, when the data reading and writing unit 232d writes the larger amount of data into the nonvolatile memory unit 22, the larger amount of data may be written and stored one by one from the first address of the nonvolatile memory unit 22 backward according to the sequence of the received NDEF records, or the larger amount of data of the front and rear memory addresses may not be divided according to the predetermined sequence stored in the nonvolatile memory unit 22.

Optionally, the NDEF message transceiving unit 231b may also be configured to send an NDEF record to the NDEF message parsing unit 234 every time the NDEF record is received, the NDEF message parsing unit 234 parses the NDEF record and extracts data in the payload, and the data reading and writing unit 232d writes the data into the nonvolatile storage unit 22.

It should be noted that the NDEF message parsing unit 234 provided in this embodiment is used for parsing NDEF records so as to later more flexibly repackage parsed data into new NDEF records required for sending out. When the NDEF record received by the NFC antenna 21 includes the NDEF sub-record, the NDEF message parsing unit 234 may continue parsing the NDEF sub-record after parsing the NDEF record until all data in the payload in the form of the NDEF record is extracted, or may only parse the NDEF record and transmit the NDEF sub-record as data to the data reading and writing unit 232 d.

Alternatively, the data read/write unit 232d may be separately configured to be a single data read unit (e.g., 232c in fig. 2) for controlling data reading and a single data write unit for controlling data writing, and similarly, the NDEF message transceiving unit 231b may also be separately configured to be a single NDEF message sending unit (e.g., 231a in fig. 2) for controlling sending of an NDEF message and a single NDEF message receiving unit for controlling receiving of an NDEF message.

Based on the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the data management system may directly store the data into the nonvolatile storage unit after analyzing the plurality of NDEF records in which a relatively large amount of data is encapsulated, so that the relatively large amount of data can be flexibly encapsulated into the plurality of NDEF records and sent out when sending the data.

Based on the NFC tag implementation structure of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, in order to more flexibly perform targeted or only partially perform file reading and writing when the nonvolatile storage unit stores data composed of a plurality of files, the present invention provides a data storage structure of the nonvolatile storage unit of the NFC tag.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data storage structure of an NFC tag according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The nonvolatile storage unit 22 may be provided therein with a firmware area for storing an operation program, instructions necessary for the operation of the data management system, and a storage area for storing data including a plurality of files and an index directory for data management associated with the data. As shown in fig. 4, the nonvolatile memory cell 22 includes: the firmware area 221 is used for storing firmware such as an operation program and an instruction required by the operation of the data management system and other storage firmware required by the operation of the NFC tag; the directory area 222 is disposed in front of the data header 223 and the data area 224, and describes at least one of information, such as total length information of the data header 223, total length information of the data area 224, and the number of files in the data area 224, for respectively indexing and identifying the data header 223 and the data area 224, and may further include information, such as a name, a type, a function, a production date, a file generation date, a file rewriting date, and a corresponding identification code or a corresponding check code of the NFC tag, where the type of the NFC tag may be marked with an identification code for determining an application policy of data of the NFC tag, and the name of the NFC tag may be set to be changeable or unchangeable, and is used for identifying and distinguishing the NFC tag through the type of the NFC tag and the name of the NFC tag; the data header 223 describes, according to the storage sequence of each file, the first address information (start address) and the length information of each file, and is used for searching and reading and writing a single file through the start address of each file and the length of data, optionally, the data header 223 may also describe, respectively, the first address information and the end address information (end address) of each file, and index the single file through the start address and the end address of each file, where the data header 223 may also additionally describe the file name, the file type, or the identification code and the sequence code of each file; the data area 224 stores each file data in accordance with the first address information and data length information, or the first address information and the last address information, of each file described by the header 223.

The information of the directory area and the data header is used as index information for indexing the files of the data area.

Optionally, the total length information of the data header 223 and the total length information of the data area 224 may also be separately described at the start positions of the respective areas, for example, the total length of the directory area is described in the first 2 bytes of the directory area, and the total length of the data header is described in the first 2 bytes of the data header; moreover, the directory area 222 and the data header 223 may also be combined into a single information area, which is used to describe the information of the NFC tag, and the number of files, the file name, and the start address, the data length, or the end address of each file in the data area.

When the NFC antenna of the NFC tag captures electric energy from an electromagnetic field, the data management system and the nonvolatile storage unit obtain the electric energy required by operation, the data management system loads an operation program from a firmware area of the nonvolatile storage unit to start to perform management tasks such as reading or writing of data, and the like, wherein the data management system preferentially reads information in a directory area and a data head of the nonvolatile storage unit, and can send the information out or be automatically indexed by the data management system for identifying the information of the NFC tag and indexing a start address, a data length or an end address of each file. When a read-write request for at least one file is received, the data management system reads or rewrites data for the file according to a start address and a data length corresponding to the file, or when a read-write request for data with a certain start address and a data length is received, the data management system points to the start address and reads or rewrites data with a specified data length.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the directory area and the data header are preferably stored in the data area, alternatively, the directory area or the data header may also be stored in other addresses or in other specific orders, as long as the index information of the directory area and the data header is preferentially read and the files in the data area are indexed accordingly, which is the object of the present invention.

It should be noted that, without limitation, the file described in this embodiment may also be data stored in the form of NDEF records, and similarly, each file described in this embodiment may be a single file of a single type, or an aggregate of multiple files, such as a compressed package of files, or a part of a single file, such as one of multiple compressed packages.

Based on the data storage structure of the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the data management system can separately index each file according to the start address, length information, or start address and end address of each file described by the data header, and perform file reading and writing in a targeted manner or only partially, thereby providing a more flexible reading and writing manner for multi-file data of the NFC tag.

Based on the data storage structure of the NFC tag provided in the third embodiment, the following implementation methods may be used for reading and writing the multi-file data of the NFC tag.

Example four

Based on the implementation structure of the NFC tag provided in the first embodiment and the data storage structure of the NFC tag provided in the third embodiment, the multi-file data reading method for the NFC tag may include the following steps:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: the NFC antenna captures electric energy from an electromagnetic field, the data management system and the nonvolatile storage unit acquire the electric energy required by starting operation, and the data management system loads an operation program from a firmware area of the nonvolatile storage unit to start operation;

step 301: the data management system loads a directory area and a data head of the nonvolatile storage unit, and obtains the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and the starting addresses, the data lengths or the ending addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area;

step 302: the data management system determines the file reading sequence of the files stored in the data area according to at least one of the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names of the files stored in the data area, the file type or the file identification code, and the file sequence code;

step 303: the data management system indexes the initial address, the data length or the end address of each file according to the file reading sequence, and reads out each file from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence;

step 304: and the data management system packages each read file into a plurality of NDEF records carrying small data volume, and the NDEF records are transmitted by modulating an electromagnetic field by an NFC antenna.

Optionally, the data management system determines a data application policy of the NFC tag according to the type of the NFC tag (such as a type identifier), and further determines a reading priority of each file, so as to determine a file reading sequence of the plurality of files; optionally, the data management system may also determine the file reading sequence of each file directly according to the file sequence code of each file; optionally, when the reading priority or the reading order of the files cannot be determined explicitly, the data management system may also directly read out the plurality of files of which the order cannot be determined according to the stored order.

Optionally, the data management system may alternatively implement the step of reading out the files in sequence and then performing encapsulation of the NDEF records according to the read-out sequence of the files, and the data management system may also read out the files in accordance with the storage sequence of the files, determine the sequence of the files according to the type of the NFC tag or the file sequence code of the files, and then perform encapsulation of the NDEF records according to the determined sequence of the files.

Optionally, the data management system may be configured to read a file first, package the file, and then read the next file.

Based on the data reading method of the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the data management system may determine the reading order of each file directly according to the type of the NFC tag or the specified sequence code of each file, and further perform reading of each file data and encapsulation of the NDEF message in sequence.

EXAMPLE five

Based on the implementation structure of the NFC tag provided in the second embodiment and the data storage structure of the NFC tag provided in the third embodiment, the multi-file data writing method for the NFC tag may include the following steps:

step 401: the data management system loads a directory area and a data head of the nonvolatile storage unit, and obtains the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and the starting addresses, the data lengths or the ending addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area;

step 402: the NFC antenna demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain a received NDEF message;

step 403: the data management system analyzes the NDEF message and extracts data in the payload, and confirms whether the writing type is independent rewriting of at least one file or rewriting of at least one file according to at least one file and the writing type included in the data;

step 404: if the writing type is the independent rewriting of at least one file, the data management system executes the rewriting of the at least one file according to the initial address, the data length or the end address of the file, and retains index information such as the initial address of the file;

step 405: if the write type is at least one file rewriting, the data management system executes the rewriting of at least one file according to the starting address, the data length or the ending address of the file, regenerates the index information such as a new file name, a file type, a file identification code, a file sequence code, the starting address, the data length or the ending address of the file and the like, and writes the new index information into the data head.

Optionally, when the writing of the file involves a change in at least one of index information of a file name, a file type, a file identification code, a file sequence code, and a start address, a data length, or an end address of the file, the data management system determines the writing type as a rewriting of the file, and when the change in the at least one of index information is not involved, the data management system determines the writing type as a rewriting of the file.

It should be noted that the data extracted by the data management system may only include at least one file, and the writing type may be confirmed according to at least one information of a file name, a file type, or a file identification code of the file, and corresponding rewriting or rewriting may be performed.

Based on the data writing method of the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the data management system may directly perform rewriting or rewriting of the file and reserve or generate new index information according to the writing type, so as to prepare for subsequent file reading or writing.

EXAMPLE six

When the NFC tag and the NFC reader provided by the present invention operate in tag and reader/writer modes for communication, in order to better perform data reading or writing of the NFC tag provided by the present invention, the present embodiment provides an NFC reader/writer, where an NFC antenna for NFC communication, an NFC parser for parsing an NDEF record in an NDEF message, and an NFC generator for encapsulating data or an instruction into an NDEF record are provided in the NFC reader/writer, where the NFC reader/writer is further provided with at least one Application program (APP for short) capable of processing data of the NFC tag, and the NDEF Application (i.e., the Application program) is configured to obtain, via the NFC communication, a name and a type of the NFC tag, file names, file types or file identification codes of a plurality of files stored in a data area, a file sequence code, and at least one of start addresses, data lengths, or end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area, and the reading number and the reading sequence of the files in the NFC tag are specified according to the at least one piece of index information, and a corresponding processing operation of reading out the files is executed, or the writing type of the NFC tag is specified according to the at least one piece of index information, and a corresponding sending processing of the written files is executed.

Optionally, at least one application program of the NFC reader/writer obtains the type of the NFC tag and directly specifies the file reading order of the multiple files in the NFC tag according to the type of the NFC tag, for example, different rules of the file priority reading order are set for different types of NFC tags, or, optionally, the at least one application program of the NFC reader/writer has an operation interface for user visualization and user interaction, and the file reading order of the multiple files in the NFC tag can be specified through a priority reading instruction of a user, for example, the NFC reader/writer may be a mobile phone supporting NFC communication, the application program may be an application APP in the mobile phone, the application APP obtains the file name or the file type in the NFC tag and displays the file name or the file type in the visualization operation interface to the user, the user clicks or selects the corresponding file to be read preferentially, and at the same time, the user can select the number of files to be read when all files are not required to be read.

Optionally, at least one application of the NFC reader may directly specify a file reading sequence according to the type of the NFC tag by obtaining the name and the type of the NFC tag, or, by acquiring the file names, file types, or file identification codes of a plurality of files of the NFC tag, specifying the reading order of each file according to the file names or file types, and the data management system of the NFC tag executes reading of files in corresponding sequence according to the information of the start address, the data length or the end address of each file, alternatively, the reading sequence of each file can be determined by acquiring the name and type of the NFC tag or the file name, file type or file identification code of a plurality of files, and directly appointing the data management system of the NFC label according to the information of the starting address, the data length or the ending address of each file to read the file data according to each starting address and the corresponding data length or the corresponding ending address.

Optionally, at least one application of the NFC reader may execute rewriting of the file by sending the file name, the file type, or the file identification code of the written file and the corresponding written file data according to the file name or the file type, or may execute rewriting of the file by directly sending the start address, the data length, or the end address information of the written file and the corresponding written file data and specifying the data management system of the NFC tag according to the start address, or may execute rewriting of the file from the start address by directly sending the written file data and directly executing the file rewriting from the start address of the data area by the data management system of the NFC tag.

Based on the NFC reader provided in the sixth embodiment, there may be several following implementation methods for reading and writing the multi-file data of the NFC reader and the NFC tag.

EXAMPLE seven

Based on the implementation structure of the NFC tag provided in the first embodiment, the data storage structure of the NFC tag provided in the third embodiment, and the NFC reader provided in the sixth embodiment, the NFC tag stores data including a plurality of files, and a corresponding directory area and a data header are provided in front of the data area, and the multi-file data reading method in which the NFC reader acquires the directory area and the data header and specifies a file to be read by the NFC tag may include the following steps:

the preparation method comprises the following steps: the NFC reader-writer is close to the NFC label and establishes NFC communication, an NFC antenna of the NFC label captures electric energy from an electromagnetic field emitted by the NFC reader-writer, a data management system and a nonvolatile storage unit of the NFC label acquire electric energy required by starting operation, and the data management system loads an operation program from a firmware area of the nonvolatile storage unit to start operation;

step 501: the data management system of the NFC label loads a directory area and a data head of a nonvolatile storage unit, and obtains the name and the type of the NFC label, file names, file types or file identification codes and file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in a data area, and start addresses, data lengths or end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area;

step 502: the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least part of information of the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area of the NFC tag into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to the NFC reader-writer;

step 503: an NFC antenna of the NFC reader obtains the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by an NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes, the file sequence codes and the like of a plurality of files stored in the data area is transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader;

step 504: the application program of the NFC reader-writer selects and determines the file name or the file type of the file to be read and the reading sequence of the plurality of files according to the type of the NFC tag or the sequence of the file to be read by a user, and describes a reading instruction according to the file name or the file type of the file to be read, an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the file name or the file type of the file to be read and the reading sequence instruction of the plurality of files into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC tag through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

step 505: the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the at least one NDEF instruction, records the NDEF instruction and transmits the NDEF instruction to a data management system of the NFC tag;

step 506: the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the file name or the file type of a file to be read by an application program of the NFC reader-writer and the reading sequence of a plurality of files, and reads the files out of the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence according to the initial address, the data length or the ending address information of the files;

step 507: the data management system of the NFC label packages each read file into a plurality of NDEF data records bearing smaller data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC label modulates an electromagnetic field to send the electromagnetic field to the NFC reader-writer;

step 508: the NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer acquires the at least one NDEF data record, and the NDEF data records are analyzed by the NFC analyzer and then transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader-writer;

step 509: and the application program of the NFC reader-writer executes processing on the read file.

Optionally, steps 502 to 506 may also be performed as follows:

step 502': the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least a part of information such as the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least a part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of a plurality of files stored in the data area into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and an NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to an NFC reader-writer;

step 503': an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by the NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area are transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader-writer;

step 504': the application program of the NFC reader-writer selects and determines the file name or the file type of the file to be read and the reading sequence of the files according to the type of the NFC tag or the sequence of the file to be read by a user, describes a file reading instruction according to the start address, the data length or the end address information of each file to be read, packages the start address, the data length or the end address information of each file to be read and the reading sequence instruction of each file to be read into at least one NDEF instruction record with a small data volume by an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer, and sends the NDEF instruction record to the NFC tag through an electromagnetic field by an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer;

step 505': the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the at least one NDEF instruction, records the NDEF instruction and transmits the NDEF instruction to a data management system of the NFC tag;

step 506': and the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and acquires the initial address, the data length or the end address information of the file to be read by the application program of the NFC reader-writer and the reading sequence, and directly reads the files from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence.

Optionally, when the user specifies or selects a plurality of files and their corresponding reading sequences, the application program of the NFC reader may send only a reading request (file name or file start address and length information) for a file with the highest reading sequence instead of sending the reading sequence of the plurality of files to the NFC tag, and send a reading request (file name or file start address and length information) for a file next to the reading sequence after the reading of the file is completed, so that the NFC communication is completed until all files to be read are read.

Optionally, when the entire file does not need to be read, the application program of the NFC reader may locate, through the start address of the file, the start address of the file to be read, and locate, through the length information to be read, the length of the file to be read, or, when a portion of a single file has been read, the application program of the NFC reader may locate the start address (the middle position of the entire file) to be read, and control the amount of data to be read through the length information to be read.

Based on the NFC reader and the data reading method for the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the NFC reader obtains indexes of multiple files of the NFC tag through the directory area and the data header, and then directly specifies a file name, a file type, or a file address to be read, and the data management system of the NFC tag performs indexing or directly reads corresponding file data and encapsulates the corresponding file data into an NDEF record to be sent to the NFC reader, so that the reading sequence of a target file or a file to be read can be directly controlled at the NFC reader, and a more flexible NFC tag file data reading mechanism is provided.

Example eight

Based on the implementation structure of the NFC tag provided in the second embodiment, the data storage structure of the NFC tag provided in the third embodiment, and the NFC reader provided in the sixth embodiment, the NFC tag stores data including a plurality of files, and a corresponding directory area and a data header are provided in front of the data area, and the multi-file data rewriting method for the NFC reader to acquire the directory area and the data header and specify a file to be rewritten by the NFC tag may include the following steps:

step 601: the data management system of the NFC label loads a directory area and a data head of a nonvolatile storage unit, and obtains the name and the type of the NFC label, file names, file types or file identification codes and file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in a data area, and start addresses, data lengths or end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area;

step 602: the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least part of information of the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area of the NFC tag into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to the NFC reader-writer;

step 603: an NFC antenna of the NFC reader obtains the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by an NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes, the file sequence codes and the like of a plurality of files stored in the data area is transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader;

step 604: the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines the file name or the file type of a file to be rewritten and the rewriting sequence of the file according to the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files of the NFC label or according to the selection of a user on the file to be rewritten, the NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten, the rewriting sequence of the files and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record bearing a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

step 605: the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the at least one NDEF instruction, records the NDEF instruction and transmits the NDEF instruction to a data management system of the NFC tag;

step 606: the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten by the application program of the NFC reader-writer, the rewriting sequence of the plurality of files and corresponding file rewriting data, and rewrites the files in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence according to the initial address, the data length or the end address information of each file.

Optionally, steps 602 to 606 may also be performed as follows:

step 602': the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least a part of information such as the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least a part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of a plurality of files stored in the data area into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and an NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to an NFC reader-writer;

step 603': an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by the NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area are transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader-writer;

step 604': the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines the file name or the file type of a to-be-rewritten file and the rewriting sequence of the plurality of files according to the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of the plurality of files of the NFC label or according to the selection of a user on the to-be-rewritten file, describes a file rewriting instruction according to the start address, the data length or the end address information of the to-be-rewritten file, and an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the start address, the data length or the end address information of the to-be-rewritten file, the rewriting sequence of the plurality of files and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small data volume and sends the NDEF instruction record to the NFC label through an electromagnetic field by an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer;

step 605': the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the at least one NDEF instruction record, and transmits the NDEF instruction record to a data management system of the NFC tag;

step 606': the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the information of the initial address, the data length or the ending address of the file to be rewritten by the application program of the NFC reader-writer, the rewriting sequence and the corresponding file rewriting data, and directly rewrites the file in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence.

Optionally, when the user specifies or selects a plurality of files and their corresponding rewriting sequences, the application program of the NFC reader may send only a rewriting request (file name or file start address and length information) for a file with the highest rewriting sequence instead of sending the rewriting sequences of the plurality of files to the NFC tag, and send a rewriting request (file name or file start address and length information) for a next file in the rewriting sequence after the rewriting of the file is completed, so that the NFC communication is terminated until all the files to be rewritten are rewritten.

Alternatively, when the entire file does not need to be rewritten, the application program of the NFC reader may rewrite from the beginning of the file by the start address location of the file and locate the length of the file to be rewritten by the length information to be rewritten, or, when rewriting from the middle position of the file is needed, the application program of the NFC reader may control the amount of data to be communicated by locating the start address to be rewritten (the middle position of the entire file) and by the length information to be rewritten.

Optionally, when the application program of the NFC reader sends the file name or the file type to be rewritten, or the start address, the data length, or the end address information of the file to be rewritten, the application program of the NFC reader may also send the separately rewritten write type set as at least one file to the NFC tag.

In general, when a nonvolatile memory unit of the NFC tag adopts a memory device that can be rewritten by bits, such as an EEPROM, only rewriting some bits does not affect data of other memory addresses, and partial data therein can be rewritten by the file data rewriting method described in this embodiment.

Based on the NFC reader and the data rewriting method for the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the NFC reader obtains indexes of multiple files of the NFC tag through the directory area and the data header, and then directly specifies a file name, a file type, or a file address to be rewritten, so that a target file to be rewritten can be directly controlled at the NFC reader, and a more flexible NFC tag file data rewriting mechanism is provided.

Example nine

Based on the NFC tag implementation structure provided in the second embodiment, the NFC tag data storage structure provided in the third embodiment, and the NFC reader provided in the sixth embodiment, the NFC tag stores data including a plurality of files, and a corresponding directory area and a data header are provided in front of the data area, and the multi-file data rewriting method for the NFC reader to acquire the directory area and the data header and specify a file to be rewritten by the NFC tag may include different manners.

When only a limited number of files are overwritten and the index information of the directory area and the data header does not need to be updated, a process similar to the rewriting process provided in embodiment eight may be adopted for execution; when the index information of the directory area and the data header needs to be updated or regenerated, the following process may be included:

step 701: the data management system of the NFC label loads a directory area and a data head of a nonvolatile storage unit, and obtains the name and the type of the NFC label, file names, file types or file identification codes and file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in a data area, and start addresses, data lengths or end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area;

step 702: the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least part of information of the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area of the NFC tag into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to the NFC reader-writer;

step 703: an NFC antenna of the NFC reader obtains the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by an NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes, the file sequence codes and the like of a plurality of files stored in the data area is transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader;

step 704: the application program of the NFC reader-writer directly specifies the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten and the rewriting sequence of the file according to the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of the files of the NFC label or according to the selection of a user on the file to be rewritten, an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the file name or the file type of the file to be rewritten, the rewriting sequence of the files and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record bearing a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

step 705: the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the at least one NDEF instruction, records the NDEF instruction and transmits the NDEF instruction to a data management system of the NFC tag;

step 706: the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the file name or the file type of a file to be rewritten by an application program of the NFC reader-writer, the rewriting sequence of a plurality of files and corresponding file rewriting data, sequentially rewrites the files in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit according to the information of the start address, the data length or the end address of each file, regenerates new index information such as the file name, the file type, the file identification code, the file sequence code, the start address, the data length or the end address of the file and writes the new index information into the data head.

Optionally, the steps 702 to 706 may also be performed as follows:

step 702': the data management system of the NFC tag packages at least a part of information such as the name, the type and the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least a part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of a plurality of files stored in the data area into at least one NDEF information record bearing a small data volume, and an NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the information to an NFC reader-writer;

step 703': an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer acquires the at least one NDEF information record, and after the NDEF information record is analyzed by the NFC analyzer, at least part of information such as the name and the type of the NFC label, the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files stored in the data area, and at least part of information such as the start addresses, the data lengths or the end addresses of the plurality of files stored in the data area are transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader-writer;

step 704': the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines the file name or the file type of a file to be rewritten and the rewriting sequence of the file according to the file names, the file types or the file identification codes and the file sequence codes of a plurality of files of the NFC label or according to the selection of a user on the file to be rewritten, describes a file rewriting instruction according to the start address, the data length or the end address information of each file to be rewritten, and an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the start address, the data length or the end address information of each file to be rewritten, the rewriting sequence of the files and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying a small data volume and sends the NDEF instruction record to the NFC label through an electromagnetic field by an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer;

step 705': the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain the at least one NDEF instruction, records the NDEF instruction and sends the NDEF instruction to a data management system of the NFC tag;

step 706': the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the start address, data length or end address information, the rewriting sequence and corresponding file rewriting data of a file to be rewritten by an application program of the NFC reader, directly rewrites the file in a data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence, regenerates new index information such as a file name, a file type, a file identification code, a file sequence code and the start address, the data length or the end address of the file, and writes the new index information into a data header.

Optionally, the steps 704 ', 706' may also be performed as follows:

step 704': the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines the file name or the file type of a file to be rewritten and the rewriting sequence of a plurality of files according to the file name, the file type or the file identification code and the file sequence code of a plurality of files of the NFC label or according to the selection of a user on the file to be rewritten, and generates new index information such as the file name, the file type, the file identification code, the file sequence code and the start address, the data length or the end address of the file according to the start address, the data length or the end address information of each file to be rewritten, the NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the file name or the file type, the start address, the data length or the end address information, the rewriting sequence of a plurality of files, corresponding file rewriting data and corresponding new index information into at least one NDEF instruction record bearing a small data volume, the NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer sends the data to the NFC label through an electromagnetic field;

step 706 ": the data management system of the NFC tag analyzes and acquires the file name or file type, the starting address, the data length or ending address information, the rewriting sequence and corresponding file rewriting data to be rewritten by an application program of the NFC reader, directly rewrites the files in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit in sequence, and writes the new index information into the data head.

Optionally, when the application program of the NFC reader sends the file name or the file type to be rewritten, or the start address, the data length, or the end address information of the file to be rewritten, the application program of the NFC reader may also send the corresponding rewritten write type set as at least one file to the NFC tag.

Optionally, when the NFC reader needs to directly write new data from the data area head address overlay file of the nonvolatile storage unit of the NFC tag, the NFC reader may directly send the new data, or the new data and new index information, to the NFC tag without acquiring information of the directory area or the data header of the NFC tag.

In general, when a nonvolatile memory cell of an NFC tag uses a memory device such as FLASH that can be erased and written again on a page-by-page basis, only some bits need to be rewritten while the data of the entire page still needs to be erased, that is, the data of other memory addresses needs to be affected, and even if some address data needs to be rewritten, the data needs to be rewritten by the file data rewriting method described in this embodiment even if only some data is rewritten.

Based on the NFC reader and the data rewriting method for the NFC tag provided in this embodiment, the NFC reader may directly specify a file name, a file type, or a file address to be rewritten, and new index information, so that the rewriting operation on the NFC tag may be directly controlled at the NFC reader, and a more flexible NFC tag file data writing mechanism is provided.

It should be noted that although the embodiment of the present invention adopts the NFC tag to represent the technical idea of the present invention in an optimal manner, the NFC tag provided by the present invention should not be limited to the portable NFC card, and the NFC tag may also be formed in an attached or integrated manner to a fixed device or a large device, such as an NFC storage component attached to a exhibition stand, an NFC reading component attached to a refrigerator or a vending machine, an NFC poster capable of being pasted to a wall, and similarly, the NFC tag may also be packaged in other shapes or structures, such as an NFC identification tag processed into a collar, and an NFC verification component attached to a wine product, as long as the large amount of data storage, reading and writing methods provided by the present invention are applied to the NFC storage component, and thus the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that although the electromagnetic field in the NFC tag through NFC communication can capture the electric energy required by the NFC tag to operate, optionally, a battery or other device capable of supplying power may be attached to the NFC tag to supply power to the operation of the data management system of the NFC tag, which also does not affect the implementation of the technical idea of the present invention.

Obviously, by adopting the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the data management system is arranged in the NFC tag, the data management system reads a plurality of NDEF records or executes encapsulation of the NDEF records of a relatively large amount of data, and analyzes or directly writes the plurality of NDEF records into the nonvolatile storage unit to realize storage and transmission of the relatively large amount of data, and the data header is arranged in the nonvolatile storage unit, and the targeted or partial reading or rewriting and rewriting of the file data is executed through the index information of each file in the data header, and the application program at the NFC reader-writer end reads and writes the NFC tag, so as to realize more flexible reading and writing operations of the data in the NFC tag.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An NFC reader/writer for communicating with an NFC tag,

a nonvolatile memory unit of the NFC tag stores a large data amount of data including a plurality of files, the nonvolatile memory unit includes a directory area, a data header, and a data area,

the data area sequentially stores a plurality of files of the data of the larger data amount,

the header describes a start address of each of the files of the data area,

the directory area describes the total data length of the data header, the total data length of the data area, and at least one of the name, type, and function of the NFC tag,

the NFC tag further comprises a data management system for encapsulating the larger data volume of data into a plurality of NDEF records carrying smaller data volume of data,

the data volume of the data with the larger data volume exceeds the data volume of the payload portable data recorded by the single NDEF which can be stably sent out by the NFC antenna;

the NDEF record carrying the data with the smaller data volume is an NDEF record which can be stably sent out by an NFC antenna;

the NFC reader/writer includes:

an NFC antenna for performing NFC communication with the NFC tag;

an NFC parser for parsing the NDEF record carrying the data of the smaller data volume received by the NFC antenna;

the NFC generator is used for packaging data or instructions to be sent by the NFC reader-writer into the NDEF record carrying the data with smaller data volume;

and the application program is installed in the NFC reader-writer and used for acquiring at least one index information described by the directory area and the data header of the NFC label through the NFC antenna and appointing the reading number and the reading sequence of the files in the NFC label according to the at least one index information.

2. The NFC reader of claim 1, wherein:

the application program obtains the type of the NFC label and specifies the reading sequence of the files in the NFC label according to the type of the NFC label.

3. The NFC reader of claim 1, wherein:

the data header also describes at least one of the file name, the file type or identification code and the sequence code of the file,

the identification code is used for marking the type of the file, and the sequence code is used for marking the reading sequence of the file.

4. The NFC reader of claim 3, wherein:

the application program is provided with an operation interface for user visualization and user interaction, the application program is used for acquiring the file name and the file type of the file of the NFC label and displaying the file name and the file type of the file to a user in the visualization operation interface,

the application program is further configured to specify a reading number and a reading sequence of the files in the NFC tag according to at least one file to be read selected by a user.

5. The NFC reader of claim 3, wherein:

the application program specifies the reading sequence of the plurality of files in the NFC tag according to the sequence code.

6. The NFC reader of claim 3, wherein:

the application program appoints the reading sequence of the files according to at least one information of the file names, the file types or the identification codes of the files, and the data management system of the NFC label reads the files according to the initial addresses of the files.

7. The NFC reader of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

and the application program directly appoints the data management system of the NFC label to read the files according to the initial addresses of the files to be read and reads the files according to the reading addresses.

8. The NFC reader of claim 1, wherein:

the application program is further configured to specify writing of at least one file of the NFC tag according to the at least one index information.

9. The NFC reader of claim 8, wherein:

and the application program directly appoints the rewriting address of the NFC label according to the initial address of the file to be rewritten.

10. A method for reading multi-file data of an NFC label by an NFC reader,

the NFC reader comprises an NFC antenna, an NFC resolver and an application program,

the NFC tag comprises an NFC antenna, a data management system and a nonvolatile storage unit, the nonvolatile storage unit comprises a directory area, a data header and a data area, the data area stores data with larger data volume, the data with larger data volume comprises a plurality of files, the data header describes the starting address of each file in the data area, the directory area describes the total data length of the data header and the total data length of the data area, and at least one information of the name, the type and the function of the NFC tag,

the multi-file data reading method comprises the following steps:

the data management system of the NFC label loads the directory area and the data head of the nonvolatile storage unit;

the data management system of the NFC label packages the directory area and the data head into an NDEF recording group for bearing data with smaller data volume, and the data management system of the NFC label modulates an electromagnetic field by an NFC antenna of the NFC label and sends the electromagnetic field to the NFC reader-writer;

the NFC antenna of the NFC reader obtains the NDEF record group which is encapsulated by the directory area and the data header and bears the data with smaller data volume, and the NDEF record group is analyzed by the NFC analyzer and then transmits the directory area and the data header to an application program of the NFC reader;

an application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a reading sequence of a file to be read and a plurality of files according to at least one index information described by the directory area and the data header, and describes a reading instruction according to the at least one index information, an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the reading instruction into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying data with a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC tag through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

the NFC antenna of the NFC tag demodulates the electromagnetic field to obtain at least one NDEF instruction which bears data with smaller data volume, records the NDEF instruction and transmits the NDEF instruction to the data management system of the NFC tag;

the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and obtains the file to be read by the application program of the NFC reader-writer and the reading sequence of the plurality of files described by the reading instruction, and the file to be read by the application program of the NFC reader-writer is read out from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit;

the data management system of the NFC tag encapsulates the read file into the NDEF record group bearing the data with smaller data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates the electromagnetic field to send the electromagnetic field to the NFC reader-writer;

the NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer acquires the NDEF record carrying the data with the smaller data volume, and the NDEF record is analyzed by the NFC analyzer and then the file is transmitted to an application program of the NFC reader-writer;

11. The multi-file data reading method according to claim 10, characterized in that:

and the application program of the NFC reader-writer acquires the type of the NFC label and determines the reading sequence of the file to be read and the plurality of files according to the type of the NFC label.

12. The multi-file data reading method according to claim 10, characterized in that:

the data header further describes at least one of a file name, a file type, or an identification code of the file, the identification code being used to mark the type of the file,

the application program of the NFC reader-writer is used for acquiring the file name, the file type or the identification code of the file, and determining the reading sequence of the file to be read and the plurality of files according to at least one file name, file type or identification code selected by a user through a visual interface of the application program.

13. The multi-file data reading method according to claim 10, characterized in that:

the data header also describes a sequence code of the file, the sequence code is used for marking the reading sequence of the file,

and the application program determines the reading sequence of the plurality of files to be read according to the sequence code.

14. The multi-file data reading method according to claim 10, characterized in that:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a file to be read and the reading sequence of a plurality of files according to at least one of the information of the file name, the file type or the identification code of the file, and describes a reading instruction according to at least one of the information of the file name, the file type or the identification code of the file,

and the data management system of the NFC tag acquires at least one of information of a file name, a file type or an identification code of a file to be read by the application program of the NFC reader-writer described by the reading instruction, and reads the file to be read by the application program of the NFC reader-writer from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit according to the reading sequence and the initial address of the file described by the data header.

15. The multi-file data reading method according to claim 10, characterized in that:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a file to be read and a reading sequence of a plurality of files according to the directory area and at least one index information described by the data header, and describes a reading instruction according to a starting address of the file to be read,

and the data management system of the NFC tag acquires the start address of the file to be read, which is described by the reading instruction, and directly reads the file to be read out from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit according to the reading sequence.

16. The multi-file data reading method according to claim 10, characterized in that:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a reading sequence of a file to be read and a plurality of files according to the directory area and at least one index information described by the data header, and describes reading instructions of each file one by one according to the reading sequence, the NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates each reading instruction into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying data with a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label through an electromagnetic field by the NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer;

the data management system of the NFC tag analyzes and obtains a reading instruction of a file to be read by an application program of the NFC reader-writer, the file to be read is read out from a data area of the nonvolatile storage unit and packaged into the NDEF record group bearing data with small data volume, and the NFC antenna of the NFC tag modulates an electromagnetic field to send the electromagnetic field to the NFC reader-writer.

17. The multi-file data reading method according to claim 10, characterized in that:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer describes a reading instruction according to at least one index information described by the directory area and the data header, the reading instruction comprises a starting address to be read and a length to be read,

and the data management system of the NFC tag acquires the start address to be read and the length to be read, which are described by the reading instruction, and directly reads out the start address and the length to be read from the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit.

18. A method for rewriting multi-file data of an NFC label by an NFC reader,

the NFC tag comprises an NFC antenna, a data management system and a nonvolatile storage unit, the nonvolatile storage unit comprises a directory area, a data header and a data area, the data area stores data with larger data volume, the data with larger data volume comprises a plurality of files, the data header describes the starting address of each file in the data area, the directory area describes the total data length of the data header and the total data length of the data area, and at least one of the name, the type and the function of the NFC tag,

the multi-file data rewriting method comprises the following steps:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a rewriting order of a file to be rewritten and a plurality of files according to at least one index information described by the directory area and the data header, and describes a rewriting instruction according to the at least one index information, the NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the rewriting instruction and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying data with a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

and the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and acquires the file to be rewritten by the application program of the NFC reader-writer described by the rewriting instruction and the corresponding file rewriting data, and rewrites the file in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit.

19. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 18, wherein:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer is used for acquiring the file name, the file type or the identification code of the file, and determining the rewriting order of the file to be rewritten and the plurality of files according to at least one file name, file type or identification code selected by a user through a visual interface of the application program.

20. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 18, wherein:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a file to be rewritten according to at least one of the information of the file name, the file type or the identification code of the file, and describes a rewriting instruction according to at least one of the information of the file name, the file type or the identification code of the file,

and the data management system of the NFC label acquires at least one of information of a file name, a file type or an identification code of a file to be rewritten by the application program of the NFC reader-writer described by the rewriting instruction, and rewrites the file in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit according to the initial address of the file described by the data header.

21. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 18, wherein:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a file to be rewritten according to at least one index information described by the directory area and the data header, and describes a rewriting instruction according to a start address of the file to be rewritten,

and the data management system of the NFC label acquires the initial address of the file to be rewritten described by the rewriting instruction, and directly rewrites the file in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit.

22. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 18, wherein:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines the rewriting order of the file to be rewritten and the plurality of files according to the directory area and at least one index information described by the data header, and describes the rewriting instruction of each file one by one according to the rewriting order, the NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates each rewriting instruction into at least one NDEF instruction record which bears data with small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label by the NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

and the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and acquires a rewriting instruction of a file to be rewritten by an application program of the NFC reader-writer, and rewrites the file in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit.

23. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 18, wherein:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer describes a rewriting instruction according to at least one index information described by the directory area and the data header, the rewriting instruction comprises a starting address to be rewritten and a length to be rewritten,

and the data management system of the NFC label acquires the initial address to be rewritten and the length to be rewritten, which are described by the rewriting instruction, and directly rewrites the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit.

24. A method for rewriting multi-file data of an NFC tag by an NFC reader,

the multi-file data rewriting method comprises the following steps:

an application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a rewriting order of a file to be rewritten and a plurality of files according to at least one index information described by the directory area and the data header, and describes a rewriting instruction according to the at least one index information, an NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the rewriting instruction and corresponding file rewriting data into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying data with a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC tag through an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

and the data management system of the NFC tag analyzes and acquires the file to be rewritten of the application program of the NFC reader-writer described by the rewriting instruction and the corresponding file rewriting data, the file is rewritten in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit, and the data management system of the NFC tag regenerates a new directory area and a new data head and writes the new directory area and the new data head into the nonvolatile storage unit.

25. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 24 wherein:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer is used for acquiring the file name, the file type or the identification code of the file, and determining the rewriting sequence of the file to be rewritten and the plurality of files according to at least one file name, file type or identification code selected by a user through a visual interface of the application program.

26. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 24 wherein:

and the data management system of the NFC label acquires at least one of information of a file name, a file type or an identification code of a file to be rewritten by the application program of the NFC reader-writer described by the rewriting instruction, and executes rewriting on the file in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit according to the initial address of the file described by the data header.

27. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 26 wherein:

the application program of the NFC reader-writer determines a file to be rewritten according to the directory area and at least one index information described by the data header, and describes a rewriting instruction according to a start address of the file to be rewritten,

and the data management system of the NFC tag acquires the start address of the file to be rewritten described by the rewriting instruction and directly executes rewriting on the file in the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit.

28. A method for rewriting multi-file data of an NFC tag by an NFC reader,

the multi-file data rewriting method comprises the following steps:

the NFC generator of the NFC reader-writer encapsulates the new data head, the index information of the directory area and the corresponding rewritten file into at least one NDEF instruction record carrying data with a small data volume, and the NDEF instruction record is sent to the NFC label by an NFC antenna of the NFC reader-writer through an electromagnetic field;

and the data management system of the NFC label analyzes and acquires a rewriting instruction, directly rewrites the received new directory area and data head to the directory area and the data head of the nonvolatile storage unit, and rewrites the received corresponding rewriting file to the data area of the nonvolatile storage unit.

29. The multi-file data rewriting method of claim 28 wherein:

and the application program of the NFC reader-writer selects a file to be rewritten and a rewriting sequence of the plurality of files according to a visual interface of the application program.