CN106990386A - A kind of single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method - Google Patents
A kind of single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106990386A CN106990386A CN201710239780.9A CN201710239780A CN106990386A CN 106990386 A CN106990386 A CN 106990386A CN 201710239780 A CN201710239780 A CN 201710239780A CN 106990386 A CN106990386 A CN 106990386A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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Abstract
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method, mathematical modeling is carried out to the array received signal of the polarization sensitive rotation array first, the expression formula to the steering vector in the spectral function of MUSIC algorithms is modified afterwards, so as to realize the Combined estimator of incoming signal DOA and polarization parameter using MUSIC algorithms.Rotation array of the present invention can not only be constructed using single dipole construction polarization sensitive rotation array, it can also be constructed using any polarization sensitive antenna element or combination, with very strong portability.The array can effectively reduce the port number of system, greatly reduce the cost of system, and less array number effectively avoid array number it is more bring difference between channels the problem of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of array signal processing method, specifically polarization sensitive array signal transacting side
Method.
Background technology
DOA and polarization parameter Combined estimator based on polarization sensitive array are an important research sides of array signal processing
To its main task is that the incident direction of the signal received to polarization sensitive array and polarized state are estimated.Relative to
For scalar array, polarization sensitive array can sensitivity be to the DOA and polarization information of incoming signal simultaneously, and adding can profit
Information content, can effectively improve systematic function.Therefore, how DOA using polarization sensitive array to incoming signal and pole
Change parameter to be estimated, be the basis that polarization sensitive array is applied to actual direction-finding system.
The selection of array structure directly affects the estimation performance of MUSIC algorithms.Uniform circular array can be simultaneously to incidence letter
Number two-dimentional DOA information estimated, be using common in Practical Project and with the beam angle unrelated with azimuth
One of exemplary array.The Measure direction performance of MUSIC algorithms based on uniform circular array is related to array radius and array number, in theory,
The radius of uniform circular array is bigger, array number is more, and the estimated accuracy of algorithm is higher.However, in practical engineering application, array number
Purpose increases while the problem that difference between channels increase can be brought.And array number increases, it is meant that the port number of system
Increase, and reception system and signal processing system scale increase, this significantly increases the cost of system.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the DOA and one kind of polarization parameter using less array number estimation incoming signal
Single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A kind of single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA of the present invention and polarization parameter combined estimation method, it is characterized in that：
The single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2 conformal including antenna bay and with antenna plate edge, antenna bay with
Rotating speed R at the uniform velocity rotates；Antenna bay is located in xoy planes, and single dipole bay 1 is distinguished with single dipole bay 2
The positive axis and negative semiaxis of x-axis are positioned over, the distance of range coordinate origin is d；Antenna bay is in rotary course, antenna bay institute
It is vertical with the holding of rotary shaft moment in plane；
(1) during each single dipole antenna rotation half period, 2M array is chosen by constant duration Δ τ
Output data, constitutes reception data vector X=[X of virtual single dipole polarization sensitive uniform circular array1,X2]T=Φ AS+N, S are
The incoming signal vector that K × 1 is tieed up, K is incident information source number, N=[N1,N2]TArray received noise vector, N are tieed up for 2M × 11With N2
The array element 1 that respectively M × 1 is tieed up receives noise vector with array element 2；
(2) covariance matrix R is calculated according to reception data vectorx=E { XXH, E { } represents to ask expectation；
(3) to covariance matrix RxEigenvalues Decomposition is carried out, 2M characteristic value and character pair vector is tried to achieve；
(4) by Rx2M characteristic value carry out descending arrangement, utilize covariance matrix RxThe small characteristic values correspondences of rear 2M-K
Characteristic vector opens into noise subspace UN；
(5) formula is utilizedTwo dimension DOA is constructed with polarization parameter to join
Close the spectral function of estimation；
(6) value of θ, φ, γ and η in spectral function are changed, the spectral function to construction carries out spectrum peak search, finds out K pole
The big value for being worth the corresponding DOA of point and polarization parameter.
The present invention can also include：
1st, during array rotation, the time delay Δ τ between two continuous array elements of selection is much larger than the data of receiver
Sampling period, the rotating speed of array rotation is met：Wherein fsFor receiver sample frequency, L is fast umber of beats.
2、X1With X2M × 1 being respectively made up of the reception data of single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2
Tie up array received data vector；Wherein X1=Φ1A1S+N1, X2=Φ2A2S+N2, Φ=diag { Φ1,Φ2, Φ1=Φ2=diag
{ 1, exp (- j2 π f Δ τ) ..., exp (- j2 π f (M-1) Δ τ) }, Φ1And Φ2Single dipole bay 1 is represented respectively and single even
The additive phase matrix that pole sub-antenna array element 2 is obtained after rotating；
Array manifold square is tieed up for 2M × K,WithAfter representing that single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2 rotate respectively
Obtained M × K dimension array manifold squares,For correspondence information source k (k=1,2 ... K)
Steering vector, UkSpatial domain steering vector matrix during 2M Virtual array is incided for information source k, its calculating formula isB is virtual array correspondence
Polarization sensitive matrix, its expression isbm=[sin (2 π (m-1)/2M), cos (2 π (m-
1)/2M)] be Virtual array m polarization sensitive vector；
For correspondence information source k polarized spatial domain steering vector.
Advantage of the invention is that：The present invention is sampled by the output data to the array element in rotation, due to array
Rotation, element position corresponding to each sampled point is different, so as to construct the reception number of the sensitive uniform circular array of virtual polarization
According to vector, mathematical modeling is carried out to the sensitive uniform circular array of the virtual polarization, and incoming signal DOA is realized using MUSIC algorithms
With the Combined estimator of polarization parameter.Polarization sensitive rotation array effectively reduces reception system only comprising two single dipole antennas
System and the scale of signal processing system, and shadow of the difference between channels to direction finding result can be avoided to a certain extent
Ring.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Inexpensive, high-precision two-dimentional DOA and polarization parameter Combined estimator can be realized.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows：
Propose to utilize single dipole polarization sensitive antenna configuration polarization sensitive rotation array first, to the rotating speed of array rotation
And the requirement of array is illustrated；
The two-dimentional DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method using the polarization sensitive rotation array are proposed first, are utilized
The sensitive uniform circular array of the rotary configured virtual polarization of array, the Array Model to the uniform circular array carries out mathematical modeling, and utilizes
MUSIC algorithms estimate the DOA and plan parameters of incoming signal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that two aerial arrays rotate schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 a are fixed polarization parameter true value, as γ=40, η=50, corresponding space spectrogram；Fig. 3 b are fixed polarization
Parameter true value, as γ=60, η=70, corresponding space spectrogram；Fig. 3 c are fixed DOA true value, right during θ=125, φ=15
The polarization spectrogram answered；Fig. 3 d are fixed DOA true value, during θ=55, φ=25, corresponding polarization spectrogram；
Fig. 4 be the inventive method and the joint parameter estimation algorithm channel based on polarization sensitive array it is inconsistent under
RMSE。
Embodiment
Illustrate below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is described in more detail：
With reference to Fig. 1-4, a kind of polarization sensitive rotation array being made up of two single dipole antennas of the invention, including with
Two conformal single dipole bays of antenna plate edge, antenna bay is at the uniform velocity rotated with certain rotating speed R (r/s), its feature
It is, antenna bay is located in xoy planes, single dipole bay 1 and array element 2 is respectively placed in the positive axis of x-axis with bearing
Semiaxis, the distance of range coordinate origin is d；Antenna bay plane where antenna bay in rotary course is kept with the rotary shaft moment
Vertically；In order to ensure the stability of sampled data, during array rotation, the time delay Δ between two continuous array elements of selection
τ is significantly larger than the data sampling period of receiver, and hasAnd then it is full to obtain the rotating speed needs of array rotation
Foot：Wherein fsFor receiver sample frequency, L is fast umber of beats, and 2M is the array number of the sensitive uniform circular array of virtual polarization.
Rotating speed R is generally set to 10~20r/s, according toIt can obtain time delay Δ τ span.
Meanwhile, the present invention is a kind of to carry out two dimension DOA and polarization parameter Combined estimator using the polarization sensitive rotation array
Method, comprise the following steps that：
Step (1)：By two single dipole polarization sensitive antennas be respectively placed in (d, 0) in XOY plane with (0, d)
Place, the rotating speed for setting antenna bay is R, antenna bay is at the uniform velocity rotated counterclockwise with the rotating speed, and antenna bay is ensured while rotation
It is vertical with rotating shaft；
Step (2)：During each single dipole antenna rotate counterclockwise half period, by constant duration Δ τ
2M (M is positive integer) individual array output data is chosen, the reception data arrow of virtual single dipole polarization sensitive uniform circular array is constituted
Measure X=[X1,X2]T=Φ AS+N；
S is the incoming signal vector that K × 1 is tieed up, and K is incident information source number；
N=[N1,N2]TArray received noise vector, wherein N are tieed up for 2M × 11With N2Array element 1 and battle array that respectively M × 1 is tieed up
Member 2 receives noise vector；
Utilize formula Φ=diag { Φ1,Φ2And Φ1=Φ2=diag 1, exp (- j2 π f Δ τ) ..., exp (- j2 π f
(M-1) Δ τ) } try to achieve because two single dipole antennas rotate and obtain the production of the sampling delay between each array element in rotation array
Raw additive phase matrix Φ, wherein, f is incoming signal frequency.
Utilize formulaWith bm=[sin (2 π (m-1)/2M), cos (2 π (m-1)/2M)] tries to achieve virtual pole
Change the polarization sensitive matrix B of sensitive uniform circular array；Utilize formulaTry to achieve pair
Incoming signal DOA and polarization parameter is answered to be possible to the corresponding polarized spatial domain steering vector of value；Utilize formulaTry to achieve correspondence incoming signal DOA and polarization
Parameter is possible to the corresponding spatial domain steering vector matrix of value；And then utilize
Try to achieve incoming signal DOA and polarization parameter and be possible to the corresponding steering vector of value, the construction for follow-up spectral function.
Step (2)：Covariance matrix R is calculated according to data vector is receivedx=E { XXH, E { } represents to ask expectation；
The actual data matrix that receives is time-limited, then can calculate covariance matrix using maximal possibility estimationWherein, L is fast umber of beats.
Step (3)：To covariance matrix RxEigenvalues Decomposition is carried out, 2M characteristic value and character pair vector is tried to achieve；
To RxEigenvalues Decomposition is carried out, can be obtained
Step (4)：By Rx2M characteristic value carry out descending arrangement, utilize covariance matrix RxRear 2M-K small features
Value character pair vector opens into noise subspace UN；
Its characteristic value is arranged as λ in descending order1≥λ2…≥λM, the characteristic vector corresponding to them is ν1,ν2,…,νM, and
Each characteristic vector is mutually orthogonal, then R noise subspace UN=[νK+1,νK+2,…,ν2M]。
Step (5)：Utilize formulaTwo dimension DOA is constructed with polarization to join
The spectral function of number Combined estimator, θ is referred to as azimuth, and φ is referred to as the elevation angle, and γ is referred to as the auxiliary angle that polarizes, and it is poor that η is referred to as polarization phases；
Step (6)：Change the value of θ, φ, γ and η in spectral function, the spectral function to construction carries out spectrum peak search, finds out K
The corresponding DOA of individual maximum point and polarization parameter value.
Reference picture 2, is to have 2 liang of single dipole array element 1 and array element on two aerial arrays rotation schematic diagram, space level position
Individual array element, two array elements respectively with circumferential edges general character, D separate signal sources are incided on the antenna bay that radius is r,
It is now assumed that baseline 1-2 is at the uniform velocity rotated counterclockwise in XOY plane using Z axis as rotary shaft, array element swing circle is T,
By Δ t (the Δ t ＜ T) times, array element 1,2 rotates to the position of array element 1', 2' respectively.
Reference picture 3, is the estimation spectrogram of methods described, and wherein Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b are the spatial spectrum of correspondence polarization parameter true value
The value at figure, the corresponding azimuth of spectrum peak position and the elevation angle is the DOA estimates of incoming signal；Fig. 3 c, Fig. 3 d are correspondence DOA
The polarization spectrogram of true value, the corresponding polarization auxiliary angle of spectrum peak position and the polarization estimation that polarization phases difference is incoming signal
Value.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA and polarization parameter combined estimation method, it is characterized in that：Including antenna
Disk and the single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2 conformal with antenna plate edge, antenna bay are even with rotating speed R
Speed rotation；Antenna bay is located in xoy planes, and single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2 are respectively placed in into x
The positive axis of axle and negative semiaxis, the distance of range coordinate origin is d；Antenna bay is in rotary course, plane where antenna bay
It is vertical with the holding of rotary shaft moment；
(1) during each single dipole antenna rotation half period, choose 2M array by constant duration Δ τ and export
Data, constitute reception data vector X=[X of virtual single dipole polarization sensitive uniform circular array1,X2]T=Φ AS+N, S are K × 1
The incoming signal vector of dimension, K is incident information source number, N=[N1,N2]TArray received noise vector, N are tieed up for 2M × 11With N2Respectively
For the array element 1 that M × 1 is tieed up noise vector is received with array element 2；
(2) covariance matrix R is calculated according to reception data vectorx=E { XXH, E { } represents to ask expectation；
(3) to covariance matrix RxEigenvalues Decomposition is carried out, 2M characteristic value and character pair vector is tried to achieve；
(4) by Rx2M characteristic value carry out descending arrangement, utilize covariance matrix RxRear 2M-K small characteristic value character pairs
Vector opens into noise subspace UN；
(5) formula is utilizedConstruction two dimension DOA combines with polarization parameter to be estimated
The spectral function of meter；
(6) value of θ, φ, γ and η in spectral function are changed, the spectral function to construction carries out spectrum peak search, finds out K maximum
The corresponding DOA of point and polarization parameter value.
2. a kind of single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA according to claim 1 and polarization parameter Combined estimator side
Method, it is characterized in that：
During array rotation, data sampling weeks of the time delay Δ τ much larger than receiver between two continuous array elements of selection
Phase, the rotating speed of array rotation is met：Wherein fsFor receiver sample frequency, L is fast umber of beats.
3. a kind of single dipole polarization sensitive rotation array DOA according to claim 2 and polarization parameter Combined estimator side
Method, it is characterized in that：
X1With X2Tie up array and connect in the M being respectively made up of the reception data of single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2 × 1
Receive data vector；Wherein X1=Φ1A1S+N1, X2=Φ2A2S+N2, Φ=diag { Φ1,Φ2, Φ1=Φ2=diag { 1, exp (- j2 π
F Δ τ) ..., exp (- j2 π f (M-1) Δ τ) }, Φ1And Φ2Single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2 are represented respectively
The additive phase matrix obtained after rotation；
Array manifold square is tieed up for 2M × K,WithAfter representing that single dipole bay 1 and single dipole bay 2 rotate respectively
Obtained M × K dimension array manifold squares,For correspondence information source k (k=1,2 ... K)
Steering vector, UkSpatial domain steering vector matrix during 2M Virtual array is incided for information source k, its calculating formula isB is virtual array pair
The polarization sensitive matrix answered, its expression isbm=[sin (2 π (m-1)/2M), cos (2 π (m-
1)/2M)] be Virtual array m polarization sensitive vector；
For correspondence information source k polarized spatial domain steering vector.
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| CN110488097A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | Polarization parameter method for solving based on linear polarization plane matrix |
| CN110716171A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-01-21 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Polarization DOA joint estimation method based on genetic algorithm |
| CN111065902A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2020-04-24 | 德克萨斯仪器股份有限公司 | Pressure sensing using quantum molecular spin state transitions |
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| US11258154B2 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2022-02-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Launch structures for a hermetically sealed cavity |
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| CN109738857A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-10 | 中电科技扬州宝军电子有限公司 | Non-circular signal framing method for quick estimating and device based on cross dipole subarray |
| CN109738857B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-01 | 中电科技扬州宝军电子有限公司 | Non-circular signal positioning rapid estimation method and device based on cross dipole array |
| CN110007266A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-07-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of General Cell coherent source direction-finding method under impact noise |
| CN110007266B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2021-05-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Arbitrary array coherent source direction finding method under impact noise |
| CN110488097A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-22 | 中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所 | Polarization parameter method for solving based on linear polarization plane matrix |
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| CN110716171A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-01-21 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | Polarization DOA joint estimation method based on genetic algorithm |
| CN111698014A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-09-22 | 上海磐启微电子有限公司 | Antenna array system |
| CN111698014B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2023-09-26 | 上海磐启微电子有限公司 | Antenna array system |
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Application publication date: 20170728 |