CN106990320A - A kind of microgrid, micro-grid system and microgrid Fault Locating Method - Google Patents
A kind of microgrid, micro-grid system and microgrid Fault Locating Method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106990320A CN106990320A CN201710109729.6A CN201710109729A CN106990320A CN 106990320 A CN106990320 A CN 106990320A CN 201710109729 A CN201710109729 A CN 201710109729A CN 106990320 A CN106990320 A CN 106990320A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of microgrid, micro-grid system and microgrid Fault Locating Method; microgrid Fault Locating Method judges the generation position of short trouble by gathering the polarity of transient current on the transient current on microgrid circuit, alternative route; start corresponding protection, in time at isolation short trouble.This method is that the polarity based on high frequency transient current signal judges short trouble, judges that speed is fast, meets the quick-action demand of microgrid protection；The present invention is protected to bus and circuit simultaneously, supports all fault types, meets the selectivity of microgrid protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to micro-capacitance sensor protection control technology field, and in particular to a kind of microgrid, micro-grid system and microgrid failure
Localization method.
Background technology
In recent years, with the promotion that country substitutes to low-carbon energy-saving and cleaning, increasing distributed power source (DG) is opened
Beginning is connected to the grid operation, so as to generate numerous small area " microgrid " systems with distributed power source, energy storage and load.
Micro-capacitance sensor has distributed power source flexible operation changeable, grid-connected and the characteristics of isolated island mode fault signature difference is big.Distributed electrical
A large amount of accesses in source cause original distribution protection to be no longer applicable：It makes power distribution network be become by original radial unidirectional trend
For many power supplys and bi-directional current characteristic, the method for operation influences larger to short-circuit current；Not only make conventional three-stage electric current
Shielding failure, also makes the selectivity of protection is more difficult to accomplish.Large Copacity DG access the quick-action of protection is proposed it is very big will
Ask, and traditional relaying configuration based on power frequency amount can not meet the selectivity and quick-action of microgrid protection, to distributed power source
Microgrid protection after access proposes very big challenge.In addition, the access of distributed power source causes harmonic content on circuit to increase,
The conventional guard method based on transient is set not to be applicable completely.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of microgrid, micro-grid system and microgrid Fault Locating Method, for solving conventional three
The problem of segmentation current protection can not meet the selectivity and quick-action demand of microgrid protection.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a kind of microgrid Fault Locating Method, comprise the following steps：
The transient current polarity on the transient current in microgrid on circuit, the circuit being connected with same bus is gathered in real time
When identical, it is determined as the bus-bar fault；In the circuit being connected with same bus the transient current polarity of any circuit and its
When the transient current polarity of his circuit is different, corresponding line fault is judged.
Further, the extraction of the transient current is using phase-model transformation and the method for wavelet transform filtering.
Further, the method that the comparison of the transient current polarity uses cross-correlation function.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also proposes a kind of microgrid, the microgrid includes：
Transient state is provided with bus, the circuit being connected with the bus, and the distributed power source being connected with circuit, the bus
Polarity protection arrangement, transient state polarity protection arrangement is provided with the port for the transient current for being used on inlet highway connect each circuit, temporarily
The bus that state polarity protection arrangement is collected more in real time by the port is connected the transient current information of each circuit, when described
When the transient current polarity of the connected each circuit of bus is identical, it is determined as bus-bar fault；Appoint when the bus is connected in each circuit
When the transient current polarity of one circuit is different from the transient current polarity of All other routes, corresponding line fault is judged.
Further, the extraction of the transient current is using phase-model transformation and the method for wavelet transform filtering.
Further, the method that the comparison of the transient current polarity uses cross-correlation function.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also proposes a kind of micro-grid system, including following six system schema：
System schema one, the micro-grid system include two or more connect microgrid, each microgrid include bus, with it is described
Transient state polarity protection arrangement, transient state pole are provided with the connected circuit of bus, and the distributed power source being connected with circuit, the bus
Property protection device be provided with the port of the transient current for being used on inlet highway connect each circuit, transient state polarity protection arrangement passes through institute
The bus that port collects more in real time is stated to be connected the transient current information of each circuit, each circuit being connected when the bus it is temporary
When state current polarity is identical, it is determined as bus-bar fault；When the bus is connected the transient current polarity of any circuit in each circuit
When different from the transient current polarity of All other routes, corresponding line fault is judged；Set between adjacent transient state polarity protection arrangement
There is communication port.
System schema two, on the basis of system schema one, the connected mode between the microgrid is that Radiation or annular connect
Connect.
System schema three, four, respectively on the basis of system schema one, two, the micro-grid system also includes integrated network
Protection location, integrated network protection unit connects each transient state polarity protection arrangement, for receiving transient state polarity protection arrangement's
Breakdown judge information.
System schema five, six, respectively on the basis of system schema three, four, the integrated network protection unit and transient state
The connected mode of polarity protection arrangement is wired connection or wireless connection.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：By gathering the transient current that microgrid is connected with same bus on circuit, alternative line
The polarity of transient current on road, the generation position of failure judgement.The present invention is that the polarity based on high frequency transient current signal judges
Failure, judges that speed is fast, meets the quick-action demand of microgrid protection；This method can be protected to bus and circuit simultaneously, be propped up
All fault types are held, the selectivity of microgrid protection is met.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of microgrid structural representation；
Fig. 2 is microgrid relay protective scheme schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is db2, db4, db8, db10 wavelet filtering effect comparison schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is a kind of microgrid protection schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 5 is a kind of microgrid protection device schematic diagram；
The transient high-frequency component oscillogram emulated when Fig. 6-a are bus-bar faults using microgrid Fault Locating Method；
The coefficient correlation oscillogram emulated when Fig. 6-b are bus-bar faults using microgrid Fault Locating Method；
The transient high-frequency component oscillogram emulated when Fig. 7-a are first line failures using microgrid Fault Locating Method；
The coefficient correlation oscillogram emulated when Fig. 7-b are first line failures using microgrid Fault Locating Method；
Fig. 8 is another microgrid structural representation；
Fig. 9-a are the micro-grid system structural representations of Radiation connection between transient state polarity protection arrangement；
Fig. 9-b are the micro-grid system structural representations of annular connection between transient state polarity protection arrangement；
Fig. 9-c are the micro-grid system structural representations for adding integrated network protection unit.
Embodiment
The embodiment to the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Microgrid structure as shown in Figure 1, including bus and its n bar circuits of connection, every circuit provided with breaker and
Current transformer, circuit 1, circuit 2 ..., circuit n passes through star-triangle type transformer and connects system, distributed power source or negative
Provided with transient state polarity protection arrangement at lotus, bus, the transient current information of every line current transformer collection of real-time reception, when
Circuit 1, circuit 2 ..., circuit n transient current polarity it is identical when, judge that short trouble occurs for bus, start transient state polarity and protect
Shield, tripping is connected all breakers on circuit with bus, when circuit 1, circuit 2 ..., any one circuit is temporary in circuit n
When state electric current is different from the polarity of All other routes transient current, the circuit hairs different from the polarity of All other routes transient current are judged
Raw short trouble, starts transient state polarity protection, tripping respective circuit breakers.
Another microgrid structure as shown in Figure 8, photo-voltaic power supply is by bus M and into network system, and bus M is connected with
Three-line：The first line of bus M and network system transformer is connected, the second of bus M and photo-voltaic power supply transformer is connected
Circuit, and connect the tertiary circuit of bus M and load.
The electric current of each phase of three-phase current is gathered respectively using T as the cycle, by the phase of the three-phase current fault component collected
Amount respectively carry out Sudden Changing Rate Current calculation, in order to reduce because of the error that system frequency excursion is brought, the criterion used for：
||ik-i(k-T)|-|i(k-T)-i(k-2T)| | ＞ Iset
When the electric current meets above formula, judge that microgrid has short trouble；In formula, ik、i(k-T)、i(k-2T)Represent three-phase
The electric current of three continuous equal interval samplings of electric current a phases, b phases or c phases, IsetRepresent the current threshold of setting.Sudden Changing Rate electric current is
Refer to the difference of the current value and the current value before a cycle T at moment k, if the difference of continuous two Sudden Changing Rates exceedes definite value
IsetWhen, then into exception handles.After startup separator processing routine, Sudden Changing Rate can be transferred from caching and starts (k-2T)
The sampled value that moment starts carries out wavelet transformation to carry out breakdown judge.
In order to gather the transient current high-frequency signal on circuit, it is necessary first to carry out the selection of mold component.Power system is each
There is complicated electromagnetic coupled relation between phase line, calculate to simplify the analysis, can be realized with phase-model transformation technology between each phase line
Decoupling, the component after decoupling includes 0 mould, 1 mould, 2 mold components, and 0 mould current component refers to the component between line-to-ground loop, connect
It is located in ground related factor larger, therefore 1 mould and 2 mold components apply more, the present invention uses a kind of phase-model transformation matrix
1 mold component, choose mold component Im=ia+4ib-5icAs detection object, it can cover all fault types.
Then wavelet basis is chosen, the extraction and filtering of transient current high-frequency signal are carried out using wavelet transformation.DbN small echos have
There are compactly supported and orthogonality, can be constructed according to multiresolution analysis framework.Compare db2, db4, db8, db10 small echo
Filter effect, as shown in figure 3, in order to avoid distributed power source harmonic wave list come influence, the present invention selection filter effect it is more excellent
Different db10 small echos as wavelet transform filtering morther wavelet.
The transient current on first line, the second circuit and tertiary circuit will be collected, the first electric current, second are designated as respectively
Electric current and the 3rd electric current, carry out transient current signal Polarity comparision.Transient current signal Polarity comparision refers to compare two transient state
Current signal polarity whether identical process, the present invention using cross-correlation function characterizing method, pass through the phase to two signals
Description is compared to like degree.iaAnd i (t)b(t) carry out after phase-model transformation, to mold component ImWavelet transformation is carried out, is extracted
The high-frequency signal i comeaAnd i (t)b(t), both cross-correlation functions are：
The size of cross-correlation function represents the height of similarity degree, if using normalization coefficient ρabTo represent, then define
For：
Understand ρ under normal circumstancesab≤ 1, the absolute value of coefficient correlation represents degree of correlation, positive and negative, represents the side of correlation
To.By a large amount of simulation results shows：Coefficient correlation is in the range of ± 0.80~± 1.00, degree of correlation height correlation；Work as phase
It is high-positive correlation, i.e. polarity is identical when relation number is 0.80~1.00；It is high when coefficient correlation is -0.80~-1.00
Degree is negatively correlated, i.e. opposite polarity.
The relay protective scheme of microgrid transient state Polarity comparision protection is as shown in Fig. 2 when the first electric current, the second electric current and the 3rd electric current
When polarity is identical, it is determined as busbar short-circuit failure, for the bus of isolation short circuit, tripping connects all breakers of the bus；When
When current polarity is different from All other routes current polarity on any circuit, judge that the circuit has short trouble, tripping short circuit event
Breaker on the circuit of barrier, isolates the short trouble, and protection flow chart is as shown in Figure 4.
The microgrid protection device protected based on transient state Polarity comparision is as shown in figure 5, configure one every bus-bar area temporarily
State polarity protection arrangement, gathers the magnitude of current of all outlets in this bus-bar area and relative breaker is acquired and controlled
System.
Present apparatus sample frequency uses 100kHz, using foregoing mold component and wavelet basis, carries out Mallat algorithms
Wavelet transform, extract three layers decompose details coefficients be 6.25~12.5kHz frequency ranges high frequency transient current component carry out
Polarity comparision.
Inside every microgrid transient state Polarity comparision protection, each functional unit uses intelligent components technology, by being handed between plate
Mutual bus realizes data interaction, and each unit is respectively provided with self-inspection and plug-and-play feature.The defence program of CPU element mainly includes
Protect the modules such as startup, Fault Identification, phase-model transformation, wavelet transformation；Communications interface unit is designed with CPU element hardware, is born
Blame and exchange polar signal with microgrid transient state Polarity comparision protection at the same level and integrated network protection.Microgrid transient state Polarity comparision is protected
Shield carries out Check up polarity to the line related of local bus first, is tripped immediately if identification is out of order；If information is not enough, then
Fault location and isolation is carried out by the polar signal of comprehensive distal end.
By taking system shown in Figure 1 as an example, simulation model is built under Matlab simulink, power supply and transformer parameter are such as
Shown in Fig. 1, micro-grid system voltage class is 10kV, and sample frequency uses 100kHz, and fault moment is 0.5s.Transient state polarity ratio
Relatively protection uses above-mentioned mold component and wavelet basis, carries out the wavelet transform of Mallat algorithms, extracts three layers of decomposition details
Component is the high fdrequency component of 6.25~12.5kHz frequency ranges, is illustrated and verified with three phase short circuit fault, bus-bar fault and line fault
Simulation result difference is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
The Polarity comparision method of the present invention is that two continuous similarity degrees of signal are compared by using integral way
Compared with relative to the comparative approach of the single-points such as modulus maximum, Polarity comparision is realized using correlation function, Study of modulus maximum algorithm can be avoided
The uncertain problem brought, reliability is higher also more reasonable；Take db wavelet algorithms, sample frequency is higher, filter effect compared with
It is good, the influence that distributed power source harmonic injection can be avoided to bring.
The microgrid transient state Polarity comparision protection of the present invention as shown in figure 1, be connected to a plurality of circuit under a bus in this system,
It is closely related that with failure position occurs for the transient current polarity measured on every circuit：When failure occurs on bus, own
It is identical with the transient state polarity measured of the connected circuit of bus；When failure occurs on the line, the pole of failure and non-fault line
Property it is different, and all non-fault lines are identical.
If using bus as core zoning, a microgrid transient state Polarity comparision guarantor can be set at each bus
Shield, the position that the transient current polarity being connected by comparing bus on all circuits occurs come failure judgement.If micro-grid system
It is larger, the protection of microgrid transient state Polarity comparision can be all set at every bus, and by all microgrid transient state pole
Property compare protection carry out communication interconnection, the judgement of abort situation in whole micro-grid system is realized by multiple spot informix.
In addition, by the microgrid Fault Locating Method of the present invention, the protection system with being locally combined in set of regions can be built
System.The microgrid transient state Polarity comparision protection of every bus-bar area is based on local information and the realization pair of the fault message of adjacent protection
The protection of local single electrical equipment bus and circuit.Once for some reason such as the communication between the protection of each transient state Polarity comparision
Channel-failures cause to fail action in time, and now integrated network protection will play the function of back-up protection, ensure power system
Safety.
The microgrid Fault Locating Method of the present invention, it is unrelated with capacity with system both sides power type, not by microgrid operation side
The influence of formula, by Sudden Changing Rate come starting protection, and realizes by Polarity comparision the differentiation of abort situation；And according to abort situation
Trip command is sent to related breaker, so that isolated fault region, judges that speed is fast, meet the quick-action need of microgrid protection
Ask；Bus and circuit are protected simultaneously, all fault types are supported, the selectivity of microgrid protection is met.
A kind of micro-grid system of the present invention is made up of, microgrid as shown in Fig. 9-a, Fig. 9-b, Fig. 9-c five connected microgrids
Between by connection, transient state polarity protection arrangement, circuit and power supply that each microgrid includes bus, is connected with bus, its
In, interconnected relationship in Fig. 9-a between transient state polarity protection arrangement is Radiation, the first transient state polarity protection arrangement, the
Two transient state polarity protection arrangements, the 4th transient state polarity protection arrangement and the 5th transient state polarity protection arrangement with the 3rd transient state polarity
Protection device is wired or wireless to be connected；Interconnected relationship in Fig. 9-b between transient state polarity protection arrangement is annular, and first is temporary
State polarity protection arrangement, the 3rd transient state polarity protection arrangement, the 4th transient state polarity protection arrangement, the 5th transient state polarity protection arrangement
With the second transient state polarity protection arrangement sequentially annular connection；Fig. 9-c are each transient state polarity in the micro-grid system of Radiation, system
Protection device is wired or wireless to be connected with integrated network protection unit, the breakdown judge for receiving transient state polarity protection arrangement
Information.
In Fig. 9-c, each transient state polarity protection arrangement gathers the transient current of respective circuit in real time, by temporary on circuit
The comparison of state current polarity, judges bus open circuit fault or line short fault, and will determine that information is sent by communication gate
To adjacent transient state polarity protection arrangement and integrated network protection unit, adjacent transient state polarity protection arrangement, which receives, to be judged to tie after information
The transient current polarity for closing adjacent lines judges whether adjacent lines has short trouble.When being defined as bus-bar fault, transient state
Polarity protection arrangement sends trip command to all breakers being connected with bus；When fault distinguishing is line fault, then bus
The breaker that side is connected with faulty line is connected to trip command tripping, so that isolated fault region.Once for some reason such as
Communication channel between transient state polarity protection arrangement causes transient state polarity protection arrangement to fail timely action, now integrated network protection
Unit will judge that information is positioned to failure using the polarity from transient state polarity protection arrangement, then be sent out to respective circuit breakers
Go out trip command, complete protection act.
Radiation connection in the present invention between transient state polarity protection arrangement is not limited to one kind in Fig. 9-a, can also other
Radiation, as long as transient state polarity protection arrangement is radial connection, is belonged in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microgrid Fault Locating Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The transient current in collection microgrid on circuit, identical with the transient current polarity on the circuit that same bus is connected in real time
When, it is determined as the bus-bar fault；The transient current polarity of any circuit and other lines in the circuit being connected with same bus
When the transient current polarity on road is different, corresponding line fault is judged.
2. microgrid Fault Locating Method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the extraction of the transient current uses phase
Modular transformation and the method for wavelet transform filtering.
3. microgrid Fault Locating Method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the transient current polarity is relatively adopted
With the method for cross-correlation function.
4. a kind of microgrid, the circuit that the microgrid includes bus, is connected with the bus, and the distributed electrical being connected with circuit
Source, it is characterised in that transient state polarity protection arrangement is provided with the bus, transient state polarity protection arrangement, which is provided with, is used for inlet highway
The port of the transient current of upper connected each circuit, the bus that transient state polarity protection arrangement is collected more in real time by the port
The transient current information of connected each circuit, when the transient current polarity for each circuit that the bus is connected is identical, is determined as mother
Line failure；When the bus is connected in each circuit the transient current polarity of any circuit and the transient current polarity of All other routes not
Meanwhile, judge corresponding line fault.
5. microgrid according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the extraction of the transient current uses phase-model transformation and small echo
The method for converting filtering.
6. microgrid according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the transient current polarity relatively uses cross-correlation function
Method.
7. a kind of micro-grid system, the micro-grid system includes the microgrid that two or more is connected, each microgrid include bus, with it is described
The connected circuit of bus, and the distributed power source being connected with circuit, it is characterised in that transient state polarity protection is provided with the bus
Device, transient state polarity protection arrangement is provided with the port for the transient current for being used on inlet highway connect each circuit, and transient state polarity is protected
The bus that protection unit is collected more in real time by the port is connected the transient current information of each circuit, when the bus is connected
Each circuit transient current polarity it is identical when, be determined as bus-bar fault；When the bus is connected any circuit in each circuit
When transient current polarity is different from the transient current polarity of All other routes, corresponding line fault is judged；Adjacent transient state polarity is protected
Communication port is provided between protection unit.
8. micro-grid system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the connected mode between the transient state polarity protection arrangement
For Radiation or annular connection.
9. the micro-grid system according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that the micro-grid system also includes integrated network guarantor
Unit is protected, integrated network protection unit connects each transient state polarity protection arrangement, the event for receiving transient state polarity protection arrangement
Barrier judges information.
10. micro-grid system according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the integrated network protection unit and transient state polarity
The connected mode of protection device is wired connection or wireless connection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710109729.6A CN106990320A (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | A kind of microgrid, micro-grid system and microgrid Fault Locating Method |
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| CN201710109729.6A CN106990320A (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | A kind of microgrid, micro-grid system and microgrid Fault Locating Method |
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| CN110658419A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-07 | 石家庄科林电气股份有限公司 | Micro-grid fault positioning method based on incomplete information |
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| US11532932B2 (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2022-12-20 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Microgrid overcurrent protection device |
| US11588323B2 (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2023-02-21 | Commonwealth Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for locating faults in an islanded microgrid |
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| US11532932B2 (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2022-12-20 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Microgrid overcurrent protection device |
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| US11588323B2 (en) | 2020-09-03 | 2023-02-21 | Commonwealth Associates, Inc. | Method and apparatus for locating faults in an islanded microgrid |
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Application publication date: 20170728 |