CN106990002B - Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing - Google Patents
Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 15
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing, it is characterized in that determining main support bracket according to Francis turbine set structure form, it measures and is strained at support bracket surface, under shutdown status, jack up unit rotating part, obtain strain value of the rack by unit rotatable parts gravity when, acquire rack actual loading situation, to starting, on-load, removal of load and stopping process carry out strain measurement, then support bracket Force Calculation is carried out, the load-time history of each operating condition is counted using cycle counting method, various operating condition runing times are counted simultaneously, obtain timbering material S-N curve, according to operating condition, loading spectrum and S-N curve, stent fatigue life is calculated according to linear cumulative damage.Bracket actual loading value is quickly and accurately measured, Fatigue Life Assessment is carried out to support bracket truly and effectively, improves the accuracy of support bracket analysis of Fatigue-life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic generating equipment technologies more particularly to a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life to survey
Try analysis method.
Background technique
In hydro-generating Unit, unit support bracket subjects all rotating part quality of unit and axial hydraulic thrust
Deng, the quality of unit rotating part usually at 500 tons or more, axial hydraulic thrust also want by up to upper kiloton, unit design service life
It asks at 30 years or more, so big load long duration of action is on support bracket, and part is cyclic loading, to the tired of bracket
The labor service life proposes higher requirement.Currently, internationally recognizable Hydropower Unit manufactures and designs quotient's Alstom, Toshiba's water power, good fortune
Yi Te water power etc. is all made of numerical analysis method and carries out the theoretical calculation analysis machine unit support service life, and theoretical calculation has a large amount of letter
The feature changed and do not conformed to the actual conditions is difficult accurately to calculate the fatigue life of machine unit support.
To Fatigue Life Expenditure assessment there are many method in public technology, if patent publication No. is CN104236915A, one
Kind is used for generator unit shaft system-blade torsional oscillation Fatigue Life Expenditure appraisal procedure and system, can be to the safety of Turbo-generator Set
Property is evaluated, and according to generator unit shaft system-blade practical structures, establishes shaft system of unit-blade coupling dynamical model；Pass through
Generator three-phase current, voltage and revolving speed are monitored, generator electromagnetic torque and steam-turbine torque are calculated；And vibration is rung
It answers, the relative displacement between each mass block of model, shafting dangerouse cross-section torsional stress responds and blade dangerous point stress response carries out
It calculates；Finally according to the S-N curve of torsion the S-N curve and blade material of rotor material, rotor and blade dangerous point are calculated
Fatigue Life Expenditure.For another example patent publication No. is a kind of the tired of the CN103605329A thermal power generation unit important component designed
Product low-cycle fatigue life loss in-service monitoring and control method, step are to read the online measuring point data of thermal power generation unit；It calculates
The thermal stress of important component；Calculate the mechanical stress of important component；Calculate the combined stress of important component；Calculate important component
Equivalent stress；Determine the maximum stress of three combined stresses；Determine the minimum stress of three combined stresses；Calculate important component
Real number field equivalent stress；Divide the stress period with same sign；Determine the peak stress etc. of the period of σ ij >=0.
These are more to the patent and paper of conventional components of thermoelectric generator set analysis of Fatigue-life at present, and send out waterpower
The method of motor group important component analysis of Fatigue-life is then very rarely seen.With getting worse for atmosphere and environmental pollution, waterpower
This clean energy resource that generates electricity gradually is paid attention to by country, and the generating dutation of Hydraulic Power Unit is increasing year by year, and carries out to support bracket
The work that analysis of Fatigue-life also necessitates.
Summary of the invention
The problem of the purpose of the present invention is to solve hydro-generating Unit important support component analysis of Fatigue-life, provides
It is a kind of be actually consistent, authentic and valid Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals: a kind of Francis turbine
Support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing, feature include:
1) main support bracket is determined according to Francis turbine set structure form.
2) strain at support bracket surface is measured.
3) it according to thrust bearing of turbine position and support bracket structure, arranges measuring point, guarantees to obtain larger answer at measuring point
Become.
4) under shutdown status, unit rotating part is jacked up, obtains strain value of the rack by unit rotatable parts gravity when, it should
Value acquires rack actual loading situation after excluding runner and being immersed in the buoyancy and piston effect generated in tail water.
5) strain measurement is carried out to starting, on-load, removal of load and stopping process, then carries out support bracket stress meter
It calculates.
6) load-time history of each operating condition is counted using cycle counting method, while counts various operating conditions
Runing time obtains timbering material S-N curve.
7) according to operating condition, loading spectrum and S-N curve, stent fatigue life is calculated according to linear cumulative damage.
Preferably, the main support bracket method of determination is: umbrella-type unit is lower bearing bracket, and suspension-type unit is upper machine
Frame.
Preferably, method used by strain at the measurement support bracket surface has: foil gauge electrical measuring method, light
Fine Grating examinations method.Electrical measuring method has many advantages, such as that measurement sensitivity and precision are high, measurement range is wide, and frequency response is good, convenient for
Computer link carries out data acquisition and procession, it is easy to accomplish digitlization, automation and radio telemetry.Fiber grating detection method
Have many advantages, such as that good electromagnetism interference, electrical insulation capability, stable chemical performance, transmission capacity is big, measured value spatial resolution is high.
Preferably, according to thrust bearing of turbine position and support bracket structure, when arranging measuring point, in every load-bearing branch
Measuring point is arranged on frame leg or on spacer leg web, point layout is in plane identical with thrust bearing, and same position
At least 2 measuring points of arrangement.
Preferably, unit rotating part is jacked up using high-pressure oil pump or air lock, so that unit under the shutdown status
Rotating part leaves load-bearing rack.
Preferably, the runner is immersed in what the piston effect generated in tail water was generated according to axle envelope and the level of tail water
Pressure difference calculates.
Preferably, when the on-load process carries out strain measurement, according to unit actual conditions, load 50~
100%PUnit, test process must include unit rated load；Removal of load is to get rid of 100%PUnit。
Preferably, described carries out load-time history counting using rain flow method.Rain flow method is to load
The process that time history is counted reflects the memory characteristic of material, has specific mechanical concept, outstanding feature is root
It is counted according to the non-linear relation between the stress-strain of research material, that is, sample record is made with rain flow way
A series of stress-strain hysteresis loop of closures.
Preferably, the timbering material S-N curve confidence level is 90% or more.
Preferably, described utilizes classics Miner rule, stent fatigue life is calculated according to linear cumulative damage.
Miner rule may be considered linear damage, linear accumulation recycle ratio theory, a large amount of experimental result (especially random spectrum
Test) show the mean value of critical fatigue damage DCR really close to 1.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: reasonably selecting main support bracket and arranging measuring point, by different time point, no
Strain measurement is carried out with load process, can quickly and accurately measure Francis turbine support bracket actual loading value, more
Add and Fatigue Life Assessment is carried out to support bracket truly and effectively, improves the accuracy of support bracket analysis of Fatigue-life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing of the present embodiment, including it is following
Step:
One, determine that main support bracket, umbrella-type unit select lower bearing bracket, suspension type according to Francis turbine set structure form
Unit is then upper spider, when arranging measuring point, according to thrust bearing of turbine position and support bracket structure, measuring point is arranged, to protect
Large strain is obtained at card measuring point；Arrange that measuring point, point layout exist on every support bracket leg or on spacer leg web
In plane identical with thrust bearing, and same position at least arranges 2 measuring points, and using foil gauge electrical measuring method, adhering resistance is answered
Become piece to related measuring point.
Two, the strain at support bracket surface is measured.Under shutdown status, unit rotation is jacked up using high-pressure oil pump or air lock
Part makes unit rotating part leave support bracket, obtains strain value of the rack by unit rotatable parts gravity when, and record is respectively answered
Become piece strainCalculate mean strain
Three, strain value is excluding after runner is immersed in the buoyancy and piston effect generated in tail water, acquire rack it is practical by
Power situation.(1) buoyancy that runner is subject to: F is calculatedR=ρWaterGv, wherein ρWaterFor the density of water；V is runner volume.(2) calculate by
The piston effect power generated in tail water, F are immersed in runnerP=ρWaterg(H1-H2)πr2, H1 is the level of tail water, and H2 is that axle envelope is high
Degree, r are axle envelope radius.I.e. runner is immersed in the pressure difference meter that the piston effect generated in tail water is generated according to axle envelope and the level of tail water
Calculate gained.(3) the rack stress under shutdown status: F is calculated*=Mg- (FR+FP), M is unit rotating part quality.
Four, the bracket strain stress under test starting, on-load, shutdown, removal of load, using rain flow method carry out load-when
Between course count, that is, count i-stage load cycle-indexIt is counted in conjunction with a month operating condition, calculates the circulation of i-stage load
Frequency ni.Wherein, when on-load process carries out strain measurement, according to unit actual conditions, load is in 50~100%PUnit, (P is
Unit rated power), test process must include unit rated load；Removal of load is to get rid of 100%PUnit。
Five, the load-time history of each operating condition is counted using cycle counting method, while counts various operating conditions
Runing time calculates each operating condition lower bearing bracket stress: F=F*(ε/ε*), according to timbering material, select the S-N of 90% or more confidence level
Curve, assumed (specified) load FiUnder Ni。
Six, according to operating condition, loading spectrum and S-N curve, stent fatigue life is calculated according to linear cumulative damage.It utilizes
Miner rule calculates damageThen rack fatigue life N may be expressed as: N=1/D, i.e., damages caused by one circulation
Wound.
In addition, measuring method used by the strain at support bracket surface, there are also fiber grating detection methods.
Above-described embodiment is the description of the invention, is not limitation of the invention, and those skilled in the art exist
Without prejudice to can also make various equivalent variation or replacement under the premise of the inventive spirit of the present invention, these equivalent modifications or
Replacement is all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing, feature include:
1) main support bracket is determined according to Francis turbine set structure form；
2) it according to thrust bearing of turbine position and main support bracket structure, arranges measuring point, guarantees to obtain larger answer at measuring point
Become；
3) strain at main support bracket surface is measured；
4) under shutdown status, unit rotating part is jacked up, strain of the main support bracket by unit rotatable parts gravity when is obtained
Value, the value acquire main support bracket actual loading after excluding runner and being immersed in the buoyancy and piston effect generated in tail water
Situation；
5) strain measurement is carried out to starting, on-load, removal of load and stopping process；
6) load-time history of each operating condition is counted using cycle counting method, while counts various operating condition operations
Time calculates main support bracket stress under each operating condition, according to timbering material, selects the S-N of 90% or more confidence level bent
Line, assumed (specified) loadUnder main support bracket fatigue life；
7) according to operating condition, loading spectrum and S-N curve, main support bracket fatigue life is calculated according to linear cumulative damage.
2. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1, feature
Being the main support bracket method of determination is: umbrella-type unit is lower bearing bracket, and suspension-type unit is upper spider.
3. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1, feature
It is that method used by measuring the strain at support bracket surface has: foil gauge electrical measuring method, fiber grating detection method.
4. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that according to thrust bearing of turbine position and main support bracket structure, when arranging measuring point, in every main load-bearing
Measuring point is arranged on rack leg or on spacer leg web, point layout is in plane identical with thrust bearing, and same position
Set at least 2 measuring points of arrangement.
5. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that unit rotating part is jacked up using high-pressure oil pump or air lock, so that unit rotating part leaves under shutdown status
Load-bearing rack.
6. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3,
It is calculated it is characterized in that runner is immersed in the piston effect generated in tail water according to the pressure difference that axle envelope and the level of tail water generate.
7. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that, according to unit actual conditions, load exists when on-load process carries out strain measurement, tested
Cheng Bixu includes unit rated load；Removal of load is to get rid of。
8. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that carrying out load-time history counting using rain flow method.
9. a kind of Francis turbine support bracket fatigue life method for testing and analyzing according to claim 1 or 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that utilizing classics Miner rule, main support bracket fatigue life is calculated according to linear cumulative damage.
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| CN108108577B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2021-05-18 | 扬州大学 | Water pump blade fatigue life prediction and guide vane optimal distance determination method |
| CN111219287A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-06-02 | 大唐水电科学技术研究院有限公司 | Remote service life evaluating system for hydroelectric generating set |
| CN111323158B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2022-05-06 | 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 | Real-time stress monitoring system of coupling bolt and safety coefficient detection method |
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| CN102175472A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 大连理工大学 | Wireless intelligent fatigue monitoring system based on life annual ring bionic mechanism |
| CN105678025A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-15 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司小湾水电厂 | Water-turbine running optimizing method and system based on dynamic stress test and stability test |
| CN105893713A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-24 | 三峡大学 | Pumped storage power generation motor rotor pigeon tail accumulated fatigue life predicting method based on Grover-Manson rule |
| CN106021714A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 三峡大学 | Method for predicting accumulative fatigue life of rotor pigeon tail part of pumped storage power generation motor based on Miner rule |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102175472A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 大连理工大学 | Wireless intelligent fatigue monitoring system based on life annual ring bionic mechanism |
| CN105678025A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-15 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司小湾水电厂 | Water-turbine running optimizing method and system based on dynamic stress test and stability test |
| CN105893713A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-24 | 三峡大学 | Pumped storage power generation motor rotor pigeon tail accumulated fatigue life predicting method based on Grover-Manson rule |
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