CN106989702B - Pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector - Google Patents
Pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector. Wherein, this detector includes: a programmable ASIC device generating a plurality of signals, wherein the plurality of signals includes a plurality of transmit control signals and a charge control signal; a voltage conversion circuit that converts a low voltage signal into a high voltage signal; a transmitting circuit for generating a high-voltage and high-current excitation signal; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor generates an ultrasonic signal according to the excitation signal and transmits the received ultrasonic echo signal to the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit; and the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit is used for processing and analog-to-digital converting the receiving signal of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and writing waveform data points into a storage unit in the programmable ASIC device. The invention solves the technical problem that the traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness gauge can not emit high-voltage and high-current under the conditions of small volume, low power consumption and power supply of a battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ultrasonic detection, in particular to a pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector.
Background
The ultrasonic detection technology is widely applied to occasions such as thickness measurement and flaw detection of metal equipment. Compared with the traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic detection technology, when the electromagnetic ultrasonic is used for detecting the metal equipment, the surface of the metal equipment does not need to be polished, so that the detection time and cost can be saved, and the method is applicable to occasions with antirust paint and without polishing permission; the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection does not need to use a couplant, so that the problem of poor repeatability of detection results caused by volatilization or uneven smearing of the couplant can be avoided; as the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor can realize non-contact detection, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is particularly suitable for high-temperature detection occasions. In addition, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is relatively cheap and more convenient to design and manufacture compared with the piezoelectric sensor, so that the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is a technology which is urgently required to be developed in the field of nondestructive detection of metal equipment.
However, the existing electromagnetic ultrasonic detection instrument is difficult to still emit high-voltage and high-current excitation signals under the conditions of low power consumption and low-voltage battery power supply, and the application of the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection technology in portable, on-line monitoring, multi-channel array detection and other occasions is limited.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector, which at least solves the technical problem that the traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness gauge cannot emit high-voltage high-current excitation signals under the conditions of small volume, low power consumption and low battery power supply.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector including: a programmable ASIC device configured to generate a plurality of signals, wherein the plurality of signals includes four transmit control signals and a charge control signal; the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and is used for converting a low-voltage signal into a high-voltage signal when receiving the charging control signal; the transmitting circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the voltage conversion circuit and is used for generating a high-voltage and high-current excitation signal according to the transmitting control signal and the high-voltage signal; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is connected with the transmitting circuit and is used for generating an ultrasonic signal according to the excitation signal and receiving an echo signal, wherein the echo signal is a reflected signal when the ultrasonic signal encounters a structural defect to be detected and a boundary in the propagation process; and the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and is used for processing and sampling the ultrasonic echo signal to obtain waveform data points and writing the waveform data points into a storage unit in the programmable ASIC device.
Further, the voltage conversion circuit includes: a low voltage power supply for providing a low voltage signal; the charging control circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the low-voltage power supply, and controls the low-voltage power supply to charge the high-voltage capacitor when receiving the charging control signal; the high-voltage capacitor is connected with the charging control circuit and the transmitting circuit, is charged to high voltage through the low-voltage power supply, and provides the high-voltage signal for the transmitting circuit.
Further, a four-way high-speed isolation circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device, wherein the four-way high-speed isolation circuit outputs four-way analog input signals according to the four-way transmission control signals and isolates the four-way transmission control signals from the four-way analog input signals, the four-way analog input signals comprise a first group of analog input signals and a second group of analog input signals, the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals respectively comprise two analog input signals with the same polarity, and the polarities of the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals are opposite; the four-way voltage and current amplifying circuit is connected with the four-way high-speed isolating circuit and is used for amplifying the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals to obtain a first group of driving signals and a second group of driving signals; the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit is connected with the four-way voltage-current amplifying circuit and the voltage conversion circuit, wherein the voltage conversion circuit provides the high-voltage signal for the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit, and the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit adjusts the running state according to the first group of driving signals and the second group of driving signals, and the running state comprises on or off; the high-voltage transformer conversion circuit is connected with the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit and is used for generating the excitation signal according to the on or off of the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit.
Further, the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit includes: the first switch group is connected with the four-way voltage current amplifying circuit, and is conducted when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage; and the second switch group is connected with the four-way voltage current amplifying circuit, and is conducted when the voltage of the second group of driving signals meets a second preset voltage.
Further, the first switch group comprises a left arm high-end switch and a right arm low-end switch, and when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage, the left arm high-end switch and the right arm low-end switch are conducted; the second switch group comprises a left arm low-end switch and a right arm high-end switch, and when the voltage of the second group of driving signals meets a second preset voltage, the left arm low-end switch and the right arm high-end switch are conducted.
Further, the high voltage transformer switching circuit includes: the tuning circuit is connected with the left arm high-end switch and the left arm low-end switch; the high-voltage transformer, the first end of high-voltage transformer's primary side is connected with tuned circuit, high-voltage transformer's primary side second end with right arm high-end switch with right arm low-end switch is connected, high-voltage transformer's secondary side's first ground connection, high-voltage transformer's secondary side's second end with electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is connected.
Further, the detector further includes: the processor unit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and is used for receiving parameters, wherein the programmable ASIC device generates the multipath signals according to the parameters; and the waveform data storage unit is connected with the processor unit, wherein the processor unit reads the waveform data points from a storage unit inside the programmable ASIC device and stores the waveform data points in the waveform data storage unit.
Further, the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit includes: the receiving signal conditioning circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and is used for processing the echo signals to obtain processed echo signals; and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the received signal conditioning circuit and is used for sampling the processed echo signals to obtain the waveform data points.
Further, the received signal conditioning circuit includes: the amplitude limiting circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor; the low-noise pre-amplifying circuit is connected with the amplitude limiting circuit; the fixed gain amplifying circuit is connected with the low noise pre-amplifying circuit; the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the fixed gain amplifying circuit; the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit is connected with the band-pass filter circuit; the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit is connected with the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit; and the low-pass filter circuit is connected with the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit.
Further, the multipath signal includes a gain setting signal and a frequency selection signal, and the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit includes: the gain voltage setting circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device, the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and is used for outputting voltage signals according to the gain setting signals, and the voltage signals are used for setting the gains of the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit; and the cut-off frequency selection circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the band-pass filter circuit and is used for setting the cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter circuit according to the frequency selection signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, a programmable ASIC device is adopted for generating a plurality of paths of signals, wherein the plurality of paths of signals comprise a plurality of paths of emission control signals and charging control signals; the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and is used for converting a low-voltage signal into a high-voltage signal when receiving the charging control signal; the transmitting circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the voltage conversion circuit and is used for generating a high-voltage and high-current excitation signal according to the transmitting control signal and the high-voltage signal; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is connected with the transmitting circuit and is used for generating an ultrasonic signal according to the excitation signal and receiving the echo signal; and the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and the programmable ASIC device and is used for processing and sampling the reflected signal to obtain waveform data points and writing the waveform data points into a storage unit in the programmable ASIC device. Compared with the prior art, the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector provided by the invention achieves the purpose of transmitting high-voltage and large-current excitation signals under the conditions of small volume, low power consumption and low voltage power supply, thereby realizing the technical effect of reducing the power consumption of the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector and further solving the technical problem that the traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness gauge cannot transmit high-voltage and large-current under the conditions of small volume, low power consumption and low battery power supply.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an alternative pulse-excited electromagnetic ultrasonic detector in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of an alternative pulse excited electromagnetic ultrasonic detector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector can be applied to the fields of ultrasonic thickness measurement, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like, and instrument equipment such as an ultrasonic thickness meter, an ultrasonic flaw detector and the like can be easily derived according to the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the detector including:
the programmable ASIC device 101 is configured to generate multiple signals, where the multiple signals include multiple four transmit control signals and charge control signals.
In the embodiment of the invention, the programmable ASIC device can adopt an FPGA or a CPLD to realize the functions thereof, specifically, the programmable ASIC device is used for generating multiple paths of control signals, including four paths of emission control signals and charging control signals, wherein the programmable ASIC device generates four paths of emission control signals according to preset parameters and preset frequencies, the generated emission control signals are digital signals, the four paths of emission control signals include two paths of emission control signals with the same polarity and two paths of emission control signals with opposite polarities, and the four paths of emission control signals are square wave signals with a limited period.
The voltage conversion circuit 102 is connected with the programmable ASIC device and is used for converting a low voltage signal into a high voltage signal when receiving a charging control signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, a voltage conversion circuit receives a charging control signal generated by a programmable ASIC device, and converts a low-voltage signal into a high-voltage signal under the control of the charging control signal, wherein the converted high-voltage signal is used for supplying power to a full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit in a pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector, so as to generate an excitation signal of high voltage and high current.
And the transmitting circuit 103 is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the voltage conversion circuit and is used for generating a high-voltage and high-current excitation signal according to the transmitting control signal and the high-voltage signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the transmitting circuit outputs a high-voltage high-current excitation signal under the high-voltage signal provided by the voltage conversion circuit according to four paths of transmitting control signals generated by the programmable ASIC device. Specifically, the programmable ASIC device generates a charging control signal, controls the voltage conversion circuit to convert a low voltage signal into a high voltage signal, and then generates four paths of emission control signals, and controls the emission circuit to output a high-voltage high-current excitation signal with a set repetition frequency according to the high voltage signal.
And the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor 104 is connected with the transmitting circuit and is used for generating an ultrasonic signal according to the excitation signal and receiving an echo signal, wherein the echo signal is a reflected signal when the ultrasonic signal encounters structural defects and boundaries to be detected in the propagation process.
In the embodiment of the invention, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor generates an ultrasonic signal under the drive of the high-voltage high-current excitation signal output by the transmitting circuit, and meanwhile, the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is also used for receiving a reflected signal of the boundary or internal defect of the object to be detected on the ultrasonic signal, wherein the reflected signal is an ultrasonic echo signal, and the ultrasonic echo signal contains detection information of the object to be detected.
The receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit 105 is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and the programmable ASIC device, and is used for processing and analog-to-digital converting the echo signal, and the converted waveform data points are written into a storage unit in the programmable ASIC device, optionally, the waveform data points written into the storage unit in the programmable ASIC device can be stored into the waveform data storage unit. Optionally, the processor unit reads waveform data points from a memory unit within the programmable ASIC device, adds the waveform data points to data at corresponding locations in the waveform data memory unit, rewrites the results to the corresponding locations in the waveform data memory unit, and transmits the averaged results to the waveform data output interface.
In the embodiment of the invention, the signals received by the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor comprise a high-voltage high-current excitation signal, an ultrasonic echo signal and an interference signal, and the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit is used for processing the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor receiving signal, preferably, the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit can attenuate the high-voltage high-current excitation signal to a larger extent, amplify the amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal to a large extent, inhibit the interference signal through filtering, and then perform analog-to-digital conversion on the processed receiving signal, convert the processed reflected signal into a digital signal to obtain waveform data points, and write the waveform data points into the programmable ASIC device. Optionally, when the programmable ASIC device is an FPGA, waveform data points obtained by sampling by the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit are written into a storage unit inside the FPGA until the receiving circuit completes collection of a set of signals.
In the embodiment of the invention, a programmable ASIC device is adopted for generating a plurality of paths of signals, wherein the plurality of paths of signals comprise four paths of emission control signals and charging control signals; the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and is used for converting a low-voltage signal into a high-voltage signal when receiving a charging control signal; the transmitting circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the voltage conversion circuit and is used for generating high-voltage and high-current excitation signals according to the transmission control signals and the high-voltage signals; the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is connected with the transmitting circuit and is used for generating an ultrasonic signal according to the excitation signal and receiving a reflected signal of the ultrasonic signal; and the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and the programmable ASIC device and is used for processing and sampling the reflected signal to obtain waveform data points and writing the waveform data points into the programmable ASIC device. Compared with the prior art, the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector provided by the invention achieves the purpose of transmitting high-voltage and large-current excitation signals under the conditions of small volume, low power consumption and low voltage power supply, thereby realizing the technical effect of reducing the power consumption of the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector and further solving the technical problem that the traditional electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness gauge cannot transmit high-voltage and large-current under the conditions of small volume, low power consumption and low battery power supply.
Optionally, the voltage conversion circuit 102 includes: a low voltage power supply 1021 for providing a low voltage signal; the charging control circuit 1022 is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the low-voltage power supply, and controls the high-voltage power supply to charge when receiving the charging control signal; the high voltage capacitor 1023 is connected with the charging control circuit and the transmitting circuit, and is charged to high voltage through the low voltage power supply to provide a high voltage signal for the transmitting circuit.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage conversion circuit includes a low voltage power supply, a charging control circuit and a high voltage capacitor, where the charging control circuit is configured to receive a charging control signal generated by the programmable ASIC device, and after receiving the charging control signal, control the low voltage power supply to charge the high voltage capacitor, and charge the high voltage capacitor to a high voltage, so as to convert the low voltage signal to the high voltage signal, and further provide the high voltage signal for the transmitting circuit. Alternatively, the low-voltage power supply may employ a low-voltage battery, and the high-voltage capacitor may employ a high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor, so as to realize portability and miniaturization of the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector.
Optionally, the transmitting circuit 103 includes: the four-way high-speed isolation circuit 1031 is connected with the programmable ASIC device, wherein the four-way high-speed isolation circuit outputs four-way analog input signals according to four-way emission control signals and isolates the four-way emission control signals from the four-way analog input signals, the four-way analog input signals comprise a first group of analog input signals and a second group of analog input signals, the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals respectively comprise analog input signals with the same polarity, and the polarities of the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals are opposite; the four-way voltage and current amplifying circuit 1032 is connected with the four-way high-speed isolating circuit and is used for amplifying the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals to obtain a first group of driving signals and a second group of driving signals; the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit 1033 is connected with the multipath voltage-current amplifying circuit and the voltage conversion circuit, wherein the voltage conversion circuit provides high-voltage signals for the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit, and the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit adjusts the running state according to the first group of driving signals and the second group of driving signals, and the running state comprises on or off; the high-voltage transformer switching circuit 1034 is connected to the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit and is used for generating an excitation signal according to the on or off of the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit.
As an alternative implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the transmitting circuit includes four high-speed isolation circuits, four voltage-current amplification circuits, a full-bridge high-voltage large-current amplification circuit and a high-voltage transformer conversion circuit, where the four high-speed isolation circuits receive four transmitting control signals generated by the programmable ASIC device, each high-speed isolation circuit generates one analog input signal according to one transmitting control signal, so as to obtain four analog input signals, and the four analog input signals include a first set of analog input signals and a second set of analog input signals, the first set of analog input signals includes two signals with the same polarity, the second set of analog input signals includes two signals with the same polarity, and the polarity of the first set of analog input signals is opposite to that of the second set of analog input signals. The four-way high-speed isolation circuit is also used for isolating the emission control signal from a subsequent analog circuit; the four-way voltage and current amplifying circuit amplifies a first group of analog input signals and a second group of analog input signals to obtain a first group of driving signals and a second group of driving signals, wherein the first group of driving signals comprise two driving signals with the same polarity, the second group of driving signals comprise two driving signals with the same polarity, and the polarity of the first group of driving signals is opposite to that of the second group of driving signals; the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit adjusts the running state to be cut-off or on according to the first group of driving signals and the second group of driving signals, and the high-voltage transformer switching circuit generates an excitation signal according to the running state of the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit to be cut-off or on.
Optionally, the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit includes: the first switch group is connected with the four-way voltage current amplifying circuit, and is conducted when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage; the second switch group is connected with the four-way voltage current amplifying circuit, and is conducted when the voltage of the second group of driving signals meets a second preset voltage.
As an alternative implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch includes a first switch group and a second switch group, where the first switch group is turned off or turned on according to a first group of driving signals, the second switch group is turned off or turned on according to a second group of driving signals, when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage, the first switch group is turned on, when the voltage of the second group of driving signals meets a second preset voltage, the second switch group is turned on, the first group of driving signals has a polarity opposite to that of the second group of driving signals, when the first switch group is turned on, the second switch group is turned off, when the second switch group is turned on, the first switch group is turned off, and when the signal is not emitted, the first switch group and the second switch group are simultaneously in an off state.
Optionally, the first switch group includes a left arm high-side switch and a right arm low-side switch, and when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage, the left arm high-side switch and the right arm low-side switch are turned on; the second switch group comprises a left arm low-end switch and a right arm high-end switch, the left arm low-end switch and the right arm high-end switch are conducted when the voltage of the second group driving signal meets the second preset voltage, and when the signal is not transmitted, the first switch group and the second switch group are simultaneously in a cut-off state.
As an alternative implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the first switch group includes a left arm high-end switch and a right arm low-end switch, the second switch group includes a left arm low-end switch and a right arm high-end switch, when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage, the left arm high-end switch and the right arm low-end switch are simultaneously turned on, when the second driving signals meets a second preset voltage, the left arm low-end switch and the right arm high-end switch are simultaneously turned on, because the polarities of the first group of driving signals and the second group of driving signals are opposite, when the left arm high-end switch and the right arm low-end switch are turned on, the left arm low-end switch and the right arm high-end switch are turned off, when the left arm low-end switch and the right arm high-end switch are turned on, and when the signals are not emitted, the first switch group and the second switch group are simultaneously turned off.
Optionally, the high voltage transformer switching circuit includes: the tuning circuit is connected with the contact points of the left arm high-end switch and the left arm low-end switch; the first end of the primary side of the high-voltage transformer is connected with the tuning circuit, the second end of the primary side of the high-voltage transformer is connected with the contact point of the right arm high-end switch and the right arm low-end switch, the first end of the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer is grounded, and the second end of the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage transformer switching circuit includes a tuning circuit and a high-voltage transformer, where one end of a primary winding of the high-voltage transformer is connected to a contact point of a left arm low-side switch and a left arm high-side switch of the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit through the tuning circuit, the other end of the primary winding of the high-voltage transformer is connected to a contact point of a right arm low-side switch and a right arm high-side switch of the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit, one end of a secondary winding of the high-voltage transformer is grounded, and the other end of the secondary winding of the high-voltage transformer is connected to an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, and the high-voltage transformer provides an excitation signal of high-voltage high-current to the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor according to an on state or an off state of the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit.
Optionally, the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit 105 includes: the receiving signal conditioning circuit 1051 is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and is used for processing the echo signals to obtain processed echo signals; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 1052 is connected to the received signal conditioning circuit, and is configured to sample the processed echo signal to obtain a waveform data point.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit includes a receiving signal conditioning circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, where the receiving signal conditioning circuit is configured to perform at least processes such as clipping, amplifying, filtering, etc. on a receiving signal of the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, to obtain a processed ultrasonic echo signal, and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit samples the processed ultrasonic echo signal to obtain a waveform data point.
Optionally, the received signal conditioning circuit 1051 includes: a limiter circuit 10511 connected to the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor; a low noise pre-amplifier circuit 10512 connected to the clipping circuit; a fixed gain amplifying circuit 10513 connected to the low noise pre-amplifying circuit; a band-pass filter circuit 10514 connected to the fixed gain amplifier circuit; the first stage program controlled amplifying circuit 10515 is connected with the band-pass filter circuit; the second stage program controlled amplifying circuit 10516 is connected with the first stage program controlled amplifying circuit; the low-pass filter circuit 10517 is connected with the second stage program-controlled amplifying circuit.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the receiving signal conditioning circuit comprises a limiting circuit, a low-noise pre-amplifying circuit, a fixed gain amplifying circuit, a band-pass filter circuit, a first stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and a second stage program-controlled amplifying circuit, wherein the limiting circuit is used for carrying out larger amplitude attenuation on a high-voltage large-current signal in an electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor receiving signal, carrying out large-multiple amplification on a weak ultrasonic echo signal, inhibiting an interference signal by using a band-pass filter, and respectively amplifying a reflection signal by using the low-noise pre-amplifying circuit, the fixed gain amplifying circuit, the first stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and carrying out anti-confusion filtering on the reflection signal by using a low-pass filter.
Optionally, the multipath signal includes a gain setting signal and a frequency selection signal, and the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit 105 includes: the gain voltage setting circuit 1053 is connected with the programmable ASIC device, the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit, and outputs two voltage signals according to the gain setting signals, wherein the two voltage signals respectively set the gains of the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit; a cut-off frequency selection circuit 1054, coupled to the programmable ASIC device and the bandpass filter circuit, is configured to set the cut-off frequency of the bandpass filter circuit based on the frequency selection signal.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit further includes a gain voltage setting circuit and a cut-off frequency selecting circuit, where the gain voltage setting circuit is used to determine amplification factors of the first stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second stage program-controlled amplifying circuit, and the cut-off frequency selecting circuit is used to determine a cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter. Specifically, the programmable ASIC device generates the multiplexed control signal further including a gain setting signal and a frequency selection signal. The gain voltage setting circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device, the value of the output voltage is adjusted according to the gain setting signal, the band-pass filter is connected with the output end of the gain voltage setting circuit, the gain voltage setting circuit determines the amplification times of the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit through the output voltage of the gain voltage setting circuit, optionally, in a preferred implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention, the gain of the preamplifier is 20dB, the gain of the fixed gain amplifying circuit is 20dB, the maximum gain of the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the maximum gain of the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit are both set to be 34dB through the output voltage of the gain voltage setting circuit, and the minimum gain of the gain setting circuit is set to be 4dB, so that the gain selection range of the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit is 48dB-108dB. A cut-off frequency selection circuit is connected to the ASIC device, the cut-off frequency selection circuit selecting the cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter according to the frequency selection signal.
Optionally, the detector further comprises: a processor unit 106, connected to the programmable ASIC device, for receiving the parameters and controlling the programmable ASIC device to generate multiple signals according to the parameters; a waveform data storage unit 107 connected to the processor unit, wherein the processor unit reads waveform data points from the programmable ASIC device and stores the waveform data points in the waveform data storage unit.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector further includes a processor unit and a waveform data storage unit, where the processor unit may use an ARM or a DSP to implement its function, specifically, the processor unit is connected to a programmable ASIC device, and includes a parameter input interface, receives parameters through the parameter input interface, and makes the programmable ASIC device generate multiple control signals according to the parameters, where optionally, when the programmable ASIC device is an FPGA, the parameters received by the processor unit through the parameter input interface include: the processor respectively determines the parameters into an excitation frequency register, a gain register and an adopted frequency register of the FPGA, and the FPGA generates corresponding control signals according to parameter values in the corresponding registers, for example, the FPGA generates four paths of emission control signals with corresponding frequencies according to the excitation frequencies in the excitation frequency register and simultaneously selects signals according to cut-off frequencies to determine the cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter; and generating a gain setting signal according to the value of the gain register, so as to determine the gains of the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit. The waveform data storage unit is connected with the processor unit, after completing the collection of a set of signals and writing the waveform data points into the internal storage unit of the programmable ASIC device, the programmable ASIC device informs the processor unit to read the waveform data points, and the processor unit stores the waveform data points read from the internal storage unit of the programmable ASIC device in the waveform data storage unit, alternatively, the waveform data storage unit can be realized by adopting a high-speed SRAM or SDRAM, and the like.
Optionally, as an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in a detection process, the pulse excitation electromagnetic ultrasonic detector may perform excitation multiple times, receive multiple ultrasonic echo signals, after each excitation and sampling of the echo signals, the programmable ASIC device issues a command for reading waveform data points to the processor, and the processor unit reads waveform data points from the internal storage unit of the programmable ASIC device, overlaps with data stored in the waveform data storage unit, and then re-stores the data in the waveform data storage unit, so as to implement averaging of the waveform data points acquired multiple times.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is rapidly charged to high voltage by adopting the charging control circuit, and a high-voltage input signal is provided for the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit, so that a small volume can provide enough high-voltage input signal for the high-voltage circuit, meanwhile, the full-bridge circuit structure is adopted to control the primary side of the high-voltage transformer to generate a limited period excitation signal of high current in a switch amplifying mode, and the secondary side of the high-voltage transformer can provide a high-voltage high-current driving signal for the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor, so that a small-volume instrument can output the high-voltage high-current excitation signal. In the embodiment of the invention, the amplitude limiting circuit limits the high-voltage signals entering the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit, meanwhile, the weak received signals pass through the low-noise preamplifier and the fixed gain circuit without distortion, after the signals are regulated to be within a certain voltage range, the interference signals in the signals are filtered out through filtering, and the interference signals are amplified to an effective range through the program-controlled amplifying circuit, so that the sampling circuit can perform analog-to-digital conversion on the received signals, and meanwhile, the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit in the embodiment of the invention can also effectively resist the impact of high-voltage high-current excitation signals.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of an alternative pulse-excited electromagnetic ultrasonic detector according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, in which ARM is used as the processor unit, FPGA is used as the programmable ASIC device, and SRAM is used as the waveform data storage unit. The working flow of the pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector of the embodiment of the invention mainly comprises the following steps:
step S201, start. The pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for detecting the material to be detected, and optionally, the detector can be used for detecting the thickness of the material to be detected.
Step S202, ARM receives parameters and writes the parameters into the FPGA. The ARM firstly receives parameters through a parameter input interface, writes the parameters into the FPGA, specifically, writes an excitation frequency value and a gain value into an excitation frequency register and a gain register corresponding to the FPGA through a bus interface by taking the value of the average frequency as an average frequency global variable, controls the cut-off frequency of a band-pass filter according to a cut-off frequency selection signal, generates a gain setting signal according to the value of the gain register, and determines the gains of a first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and a second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit. The value in the average register is set to 1, and when the average register is 1, the ARM clears all memory cells in the SRAM.
In step S203, the FPGA controls the charging of the high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor. The FPGA generates a control signal to control the charging control circuit to rapidly charge the high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor through the low-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor is charged to high voltage, so that a high-voltage signal is provided for the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit.
In step S204, the FPGA generates four paths of emission control digital signals and controls the emission circuit to output excitation signals according to the four paths of emission control digital signals. The FPGA generates four paths of emission control signals according to the excitation frequency in the excitation frequency register, performs analog-digital isolation through four paths of high-speed isolation circuits, converts the four paths of analog signals into four paths of analog signals, inputs the four paths of analog signals into four paths of voltage and current amplifying circuits, amplifies the four paths of analog signals by the voltage and current amplifying circuits to obtain four paths of driving signals, and accordingly drives the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit to generate limited periodic pulse signals of high-voltage high-current at two input ends of the high-voltage transformer circuit, and further generates excitation signals of high-voltage high-current at the secondary side of the transformer.
The electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor generates ultrasonic waves according to the excitation signals, propagates in the material to be detected, receives weak ultrasonic echo signals, and outputs the received signals to the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit. The received signal conditioning and sampling circuit processes and analog-to-digital converts the received echo signals. The amplitude limiting circuit attenuates high-voltage large-current signals in received echo signals to a large extent, amplifies weak electromagnetic ultrasonic detection signals to a large extent, inputs the signals to the pre-amplifier, the pre-amplifier amplifies the detection signals again, the fixed gain amplifying circuit attenuates interference signals respectively, the band-pass filtering circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit amplify the interference signals respectively, and the low-pass filtering circuit performs anti-aliasing filtering to obtain processed detection signals which are analog signals.
The FPGA performs analog-to-digital conversion on the processed detection signals to obtain waveform data points at the starting moment of transmitting 4 paths of transmission control digital signals, and sequentially stores the waveform data points into the FPGA until a group of waveform data points are acquired.
In step S205, the ARM sequentially reads waveform data points from the FPGA, reads data of a corresponding position from the SRAM, superimposes the data with the data, and stores the result in the corresponding position of the SRAM. After the collection of a group of waveform data points is completed, the FPGA sends a command for reading the waveform data points to the ARM, the ARM sequentially reads one waveform data point data from the interior of the FPGA in a bus mode, reads one data from the corresponding address unit of the SRAM, adds the data to the data, and then writes the data into the corresponding address unit of the SRAM again until the ARM finishes reading all the data, and then the ARM adds 1 to the value of the average register.
In step S206, it is determined whether the value of the average register is equal to the global variable of the average number of times. If the value of the average register is not equal to the global variable of the average number of times, steps S203 to S206 are repeated.
In step S207, if the value of the average register is equal to the global variable of the average number of times, the ARM transmits the averaged waveform data point to the waveform data output interface. The ARM reads waveform data points from the waveform data storage unit and outputs the waveform data points through the waveform data output interface, optionally, the output waveform data can be displayed by a display screen, and the waveform data can be analyzed and processed by a computer.
Step S208, ends. And finishing one-time detection of the material to be detected.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
In the foregoing embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for a portion of this disclosure that is not described in detail in this embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology may be implemented in other manners. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely exemplary, and the division of the units, for example, may be a logic function division, and may be implemented in another manner, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interfaces, units or modules, or may be in electrical or other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in part or all of the technical solution or in part in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pulse excitation type electromagnetic ultrasonic detector, comprising:
a programmable ASIC device configured to generate a plurality of signals, wherein the plurality of signals includes four transmit control signals and a charge control signal;
the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and is used for converting a low-voltage signal into a high-voltage signal when receiving the charging control signal;
the transmitting circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the voltage conversion circuit and is used for generating a high-voltage and high-current excitation signal according to the transmitting control signal and the high-voltage signal;
the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is connected with the transmitting circuit and is used for generating an ultrasonic signal according to the excitation signal and receiving an echo signal, wherein the echo signal is a reflected signal when the ultrasonic signal encounters a structural defect to be detected and a boundary in the propagation process;
And the receiving signal conditioning and sampling circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and is used for processing and sampling the echo signals to obtain waveform data points and writing the waveform data points into a storage unit in the programmable ASIC device.
2. The detector of claim 1, wherein the voltage conversion circuit comprises:
a low voltage power supply for providing a low voltage signal;
the charging control circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the low-voltage power supply, and controls the low-voltage power supply to charge the high-voltage capacitor when receiving the charging control signal;
the high-voltage capacitor is connected with the charging control circuit and the transmitting circuit, is charged to high voltage through the low-voltage power supply, and provides the high-voltage signal for the transmitting circuit.
3. The detector of claim 1, wherein the transmit circuit comprises:
the four-way high-speed isolation circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device, and outputs four-way analog input signals according to the four-way emission control signals, isolates the four-way emission control signals from the four-way analog input signals, wherein the four-way analog input signals comprise a first group of analog input signals and a second group of analog input signals, the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals respectively comprise two analog input signals with the same polarity, and the polarities of the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals are opposite;
The four-way voltage and current amplifying circuit is connected with the four-way high-speed isolating circuit and is used for amplifying the first group of analog input signals and the second group of analog input signals to obtain a first group of driving signals and a second group of driving signals;
the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit is connected with the four-way voltage-current amplifying circuit and the voltage conversion circuit, wherein the voltage conversion circuit provides the high-voltage signal for the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit, and the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switch circuit adjusts the running state according to the first group of driving signals and the second group of driving signals, and the running state comprises on or off;
the high-voltage transformer conversion circuit is connected with the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit and is used for generating the excitation signal according to the on or off of the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit.
4. The detector of claim 3, wherein the full-bridge high-voltage high-current switching circuit comprises:
the first switch group is connected with the four-way voltage current amplifying circuit, and is conducted when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage;
And the second switch group is connected with the four-way voltage current amplifying circuit, and is conducted when the voltage of the second group of driving signals meets a second preset voltage.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein,
the first switch group comprises a left arm high-end switch and a right arm low-end switch, and the left arm high-end switch and the right arm low-end switch are conducted when the voltage of the first group of driving signals meets a first preset voltage;
the second switch group comprises a left arm low-end switch and a right arm high-end switch, and when the voltage of the second group of driving signals meets a second preset voltage, the left arm low-end switch and the right arm high-end switch are conducted.
6. The detector of claim 5, wherein the high voltage transformer switching circuit comprises:
the tuning circuit is connected with the left arm high-end switch and the left arm low-end switch;
the high-voltage transformer, the first end of high-voltage transformer's primary side is connected with tuned circuit, high-voltage transformer's primary side second end with right arm high-end switch with right arm low-end switch is connected, high-voltage transformer's secondary side's first ground connection, high-voltage transformer's secondary side's second end with electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor is connected.
7. The detector of claim 1, wherein the detector further comprises:
the processor unit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and is used for receiving parameters, wherein the programmable ASIC device generates the multipath signals according to the parameters;
and the waveform data storage unit is connected with the processor unit, wherein the processor unit reads the waveform data points from a storage unit inside the programmable ASIC device and stores the waveform data points in the waveform data storage unit.
8. The detector of claim 1, wherein the received signal conditioning and sampling circuit comprises:
the receiving signal conditioning circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and is used for processing the echo signals to obtain processed echo signals;
and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the received signal conditioning circuit and is used for sampling the processed echo signals to obtain the waveform data points.
9. The detector of claim 8, wherein the receive signal conditioning circuit comprises:
the amplitude limiting circuit is connected with the electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor;
The low-noise pre-amplifying circuit is connected with the amplitude limiting circuit;
the fixed gain amplifying circuit is connected with the low noise pre-amplifying circuit;
the band-pass filter circuit is connected with the fixed gain amplifying circuit;
the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit is connected with the band-pass filter circuit;
the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit is connected with the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit;
and the low-pass filter circuit is connected with the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit.
10. The detector of claim 9, wherein the multipath signal comprises a gain setting signal and a frequency selection signal, and the receive signal conditioning and sampling circuit comprises:
the gain voltage setting circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device, the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and is used for outputting voltage signals according to the gain setting signals, and the voltage signals are used for setting the gains of the first-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit and the second-stage program-controlled amplifying circuit;
and the cut-off frequency selection circuit is connected with the programmable ASIC device and the band-pass filter circuit and is used for setting the cut-off frequency of the band-pass filter circuit according to the frequency selection signal.
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| JP7293197B2 (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2023-06-19 | リミナル・インサイト・インコーポレーテッド | Characterization of electrochemical systems using acoustic signals |
| CN109507303B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-08-10 | 西安理工大学 | Self-adaptive program-controlled receiving and processing device and method for electromagnetic ultrasonic echo signals |
| CN110006997B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2022-02-08 | 葫芦岛探克科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic thickness meter for metal composite material |
| CN110068780B (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2021-03-23 | 上海东软医疗科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive method and device for magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance imaging system |
| CN111077219A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-28 | 杭州欧贲科技有限公司 | Full-waveform ultrasonic flaw detector |
| CN113008993A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultrasonic guided wave attenuation compensation device and method |
| CN113933391B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-05-16 | 山东大学 | Piezoelectric ultrasonic guided wave detection device and detection method |
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