CN106989535B - Lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on gas distributed energy station - Google Patents

Lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on gas distributed energy station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106989535B
CN106989535B CN201710196704.4A CN201710196704A CN106989535B CN 106989535 B CN106989535 B CN 106989535B CN 201710196704 A CN201710196704 A CN 201710196704A CN 106989535 B CN106989535 B CN 106989535B
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Prior art keywords
lithium bromide
flue gas
bromide unit
pressure
water
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201710196704.4A
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CN106989535A (en
Inventor
杨涌文
王学勤
赖贤斌
郑建辉
张丽婷
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Shanghai International Tourism And Resorts Zone New Energy Co
Shanghai University of Electric Power
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Shanghai International Tourism And Resorts Zone New Energy Co
Shanghai University of Electric Power
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/006Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the sorption type system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/04Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62Absorption based systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on a gas distributed energy station, which comprises the following steps: and in the transition season, the cold and hot loads of users are all lower, and when the lithium bromide unit is only switched to the refrigeration mode, the return water temperature of the refrigerant water of the lithium bromide unit at the moment is detected. Because the residual heat of the flue gas can not be fully utilized at the moment, the opening degree of the three-way valve is necessarily smaller than 100 percent. Recording the pressure P of the high-pressure smoke generator at the moment0Then manually making the opening of the flue gas three-way valve be 100%, and opening a hot water valve of the lithium bromide unit to make part of hot water exchange heat with condensed steam through a hot water heat exchanger, so that the pressure of the flue gas high-pressure generator is reduced to the pressure P when the original refrigeration mode is only opened0. Compared with the prior art, the invention enables the lithium bromide unit to simultaneously carry out refrigeration and heating under the condition of overhigh inlet flue gas quantity, fully utilizes the heat of the flue gas and avoids energy waste. Under the operation adjustment, the refrigeration capacity is not influenced, the waste heat can be utilized to the maximum extent, and the primary energy utilization rate is improved.

Description

Lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on gas distributed energy station
Technical Field
The invention relates to an operation adjusting method of a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerator, in particular to an operation adjusting method of a lithium bromide unit based on a gas distributed energy station.
Background
According to the 'energy development strategy action plan (2014-2020)' issued by the office of State institute, the green low-carbon development strategy is implemented in China, and the direction of future energy structure adjustment is as follows: the low-carbon energy development pace is accelerated, the consumption proportion of coal is reduced, the utilization proportion of natural gas is enlarged, and the consumption proportion of non-fossil energy is continuously improved. The vigorous development of natural gas distributed energy is one of the important ways to expand natural gas consumption. The main form of natural gas distributed energy is a triple supply system, and the main equipment of the natural gas distributed energy generally comprises an internal combustion engine, a lithium bromide unit, a water chiller, a hot water boiler and the like. The cascade utilization of the combined supply system is the main reason for its energy saving economy. In the cascade utilization, except the consumption of primary energy, the proportion of waste heat utilization is not ignored. Therefore, the lithium bromide refrigeration and heating capacity is a direct factor influencing the energy utilization rate of the system.
In the transition season, the cold and hot demand of user side is little, and the actual cold and hot medium water return water temperature of lithium bromide unit does not reach rated temperature, leads to supplying the return water difference in temperature to reduce for lithium bromide refrigerating output or heating capacity descend, and the internal-combustion engine still need keep higher load, and the flue gas that produces this moment can't be utilized by the lithium bromide unit completely, and flue gas three-way valve aperture reduces, and unnecessary flue gas directly discharges in the atmosphere, causes the loss of partial energy, and economic benefits descends.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on a gas distributed energy station, which can perform refrigeration and heating under the condition of overhigh inlet flue gas amount, fully utilize the heat of the flue gas and avoid energy waste.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on a gas distributed energy station comprises an internal combustion engine, a lithium bromide unit and other equipment, wherein the lithium bromide unit is a smoke hot water type double-effect absorption lithium bromide unit, the operation adjusting method relates to a smoke three-way valve, a smoke high-pressure generator and a hot water heat exchanger, three branches of the smoke three-way valve are respectively connected with a smoke outlet of the internal combustion engine, an inlet of the smoke high-pressure generator of the lithium bromide unit and ambient air, the smoke high-pressure generator is a part in the lithium bromide unit and is a part for heat exchange between smoke and a lithium bromide refrigerant, lithium bromide solution in the part is evaporated into high-temperature and high-pressure lithium bromide steam and is sent to a condenser after passing through the hot water heat exchanger, and the hot water heat exchanger is a part in the lithium bromide unit, the condenser is a part for heat exchange between heat medium water and lithium bromide steam, and the condenser is a part in a lithium bromide unit and is a part for heat exchange between cooling water and lithium bromide steam.
The method comprises the following steps: in transition seasons (both the cold and hot loads of users are low), when the lithium bromide unit is only switched to a refrigeration mode, the return water temperature of refrigerant water of the lithium bromide unit at the moment is detected, because the waste heat of flue gas cannot be completely utilized at the moment, and the opening degree of the three-way valve is necessarily smaller than 100%. Recording the pressure P of the high-pressure smoke generator at the moment0Then manually making the opening of the flue gas three-way valve be 100%, making the flue gas at the outlet of the internal combustion engine completely enter the flue gas high-pressure generator, and opening the hot water valve of the lithium bromide unit to make part of the hot water pass through the hot water heat exchanger to exchange heat with the condensed steam in the flue gas high-pressure generator, so that the pressure of the flue gas high-pressure generator is reduced to the pressure P when the original refrigeration mode is only opened0. The transition season is typically 3 months to 5 months per year.
The return water temperature of the refrigerant water is detected by a temperature sensor arranged at a refrigerant water inlet of the lithium bromide unit.
The method further comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the relation among the opening degree of a lithium bromide heat medium water outlet adjusting valve, the flow rate of heat medium water and the pressure drop of a generated smoke high-pressure generator in advance so as to determine the opening degree of the heat medium water outlet adjusting valve at a specific water return temperature.
Recording the pressure P of the high-pressure generator of the flue gas0And then, manually setting a linear relation equation of the opening of the flue gas three-way valve and the return water temperature in an operation system of the lithium bromide unit, so that the opening of the flue gas three-way valve corresponding to the return water temperature of the refrigerant water is 100%.
In the gas distributed energy station, the load change range of the internal combustion engine is kept within a set interval.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention aims at an operation adjusting scheme of a double-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerator based on a gas distributed energy station, when the cooling load is lower than the standard working condition in the transition season of a user and the return water temperature of refrigerant water of a lithium bromide unit is lower than the standard value, the opening degree of a flue gas three-way valve is made to be 100%, and part of heat medium water in the heat medium water of the lithium bromide unit exchanges heat with condensed steam through a hot water heat exchanger, so that the pressure of a flue gas generator can be reduced, and under the condition of overhigh inlet flue gas amount, the heat of the flue gas is simultaneously refrigerated and heated, the energy waste is avoided, the original refrigeration cycle can be ensured not to be damaged, the waste heat can be maximally utilized, and the primary energy utilization.
(2) The relation among the opening degree of a lithium bromide heat medium water outlet adjusting valve, the flow rate of the heat medium water and the pressure drop of the generated smoke high-pressure generator is obtained in advance, the opening degree of the heat medium water outlet adjusting valve at a specific water return temperature can be directly determined, and the opening degree does not need to be adjusted repeatedly.
(3) The linear relation equation of the opening of the flue gas three-way valve and the return water temperature is manually set in an operating system of the lithium bromide unit, the flue gas three-way valve can be kept at 100% opening at any return water temperature, and the waste heat utilization rate is increased.
(4) The load change range of the internal combustion engine is kept within a set interval, the influence of the change of the smoke quantity on high pressure can be reduced, and the service life of a lithium bromide unit is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a linear relationship diagram between a flue gas three-way valve and return water temperature in the embodiment, wherein a represents a standard working condition and b represents a transition season working condition;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the flue gas hot water name absorption lithium bromide unit in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
A lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on a gas distributed energy station comprises an internal combustion engine, a lithium bromide unit and other equipment, wherein the lithium bromide unit is a smoke hot water type double-effect absorption lithium bromide unit. The operation adjusting method relates to three components of a flue gas three-way valve 1, a flue gas high-pressure generator 2 and a hot water heat exchanger 3, wherein three branches of the flue gas three-way valve 1 are respectively connected with a flue gas outlet of an internal combustion engine, an inlet of the flue gas high-pressure generator 2 of a lithium bromide unit and ambient air, the flue gas high-pressure generator 2 is a component in the lithium bromide unit and is a component for heat exchange between flue gas and a lithium bromide refrigerant, a lithium bromide solution in the component is evaporated into high-temperature high-pressure lithium bromide steam and passes through the hot water heat exchanger 3 to reach a condenser 4, the hot water heat exchanger 3 is a component in the lithium bromide unit and is a component for heat exchange between hot medium water and the lithium bromide steam, and the condenser 4 is a component in the lithium bromide unit and is a component for.
The lithium bromide unit needs the switch of valve to switch the refrigeration and heating modes. The measure that the lithium bromide refrigeration zone heats means that under the condition that the cooling load is lower in the transitional season and the smoke cannot be completely absorbed, the lithium bromide unit simultaneously starts the hot water side to heat in the refrigeration mode.
Because the opening of the flue gas three-way valve and the return water temperature of the refrigerant water are in a linear relation, and the linear relation equation can be manually set on an operation interface of the unit. For example, under the standard condition of a lithium bromide unit, the temperature of water supply and return is 6/15.6 ℃, and at the moment, the linear relation between the opening of the flue gas three-way valve and the temperature of the return water is shown by a line in fig. 1. However, in the transition season, the return water temperature is reduced to 12 ℃, and in order to keep the flue gas three-way valve fully opened at a lower return water temperature of the refrigerant water, the linear relationship between the flue gas three-way valve and the return water temperature is set as shown by a line b in fig. 1.
When the return water temperature of the lithium bromide is reduced in the refrigeration mode, the waste heat waste caused by excessive smoke is caused, and the high generation pressure of the lithium bromide at the moment is recorded. Then, the opening degree of the flue gas three-way valve is set to be 100% under the backwater temperature manually, when the flue gas three-way valve is fully opened, the pressure of the flue gas generator is increased due to the increase of condensed steam, and at the moment, if a certain amount of hot water enters the hot water heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the condensed steam, the pressure of the flue gas generator can be reduced until the high generation pressure of the lithium bromide unit reaches the high generation pressure recorded in the original refrigeration process.
The power generation equipment of the co-generation system of a certain natural gas distributed energy station adopts a Yanbach J624 internal combustion engine, and the rated power of the internal combustion engine is 4.4 MW. The waste heat refrigerating equipment adopts a flue gas hot water type lithium bromide unit, the rated inlet and outlet temperature of refrigerant water is 15.6/6.0 ℃, the rated flow is 380t/s, the rated inlet and outlet temperature of heating medium water is 90/65.5 ℃, and the rated flow is 150 t/s. The water cooler is used as cooling and peak regulation equipment, the electric refrigeration water supply temperature is 5.5 ℃, and the rated flow is 300 t/s. The hot water boiler is used as heat supply peak regulation equipment, the rated power is 7.0MW, the water temperature of an inlet and an outlet is 90/65.5 ℃, and the rated flow is 150 t/s. After data of the DCS is collected and analyzed, the actual operating power of the internal combustion engine is 4.0MW in a transition season. The actual supply and return water temperature of the refrigerant water of the lithium bromide unit is 6.7/9 ℃, and the actual supply and return water temperature of the heat medium water is 90/82 ℃. The water supply temperature of the water cooler is unchanged. The actual water supply and return temperature of the hot water boiler is 90/82 ℃, and the actual flow is about 400 t/h.
Under the refrigeration working condition, if the lithium bromide unit is kept to operate under the standard condition, the backwater temperature must be ensured to be 15.6 ℃. As shown in fig. 2, because the load of the user is small in the transition season, when the return water temperature of the refrigerant water is low, the flue gas three-way valve 1 is not full, the high generation pressure of the lithium bromide at the return water temperature is recorded, and other parameters change along with the change of the high generation pressure, so that the recording is not needed. And then manually setting a linear relation equation of the opening degree of the flue gas three-way valve 1 and the return water temperature to ensure that the flue gas three-way valve 1 is fully opened at the return water temperature. When the flue gas three-way valve 1 is fully opened, the pressure of the flue gas high-pressure generator 2 is increased due to the increase of condensed steam, at the moment, the valve at the heating side is opened, a certain amount of heat medium water enters the hot water heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the condensed steam, so that the pressure of the flue gas high-pressure generator 2 is reduced until the high generation pressure of the lithium bromide unit reaches the high generation pressure when the original lithium bromide unit is only refrigerated.
At 10 months and 19 days in a year 8: 30 experimental data are taken as an example, and meanwhile, the refrigeration and heating are carried out, wherein the inlet and outlet temperature of the lithium bromide cold water is 11.1/5.4 ℃, the flow rate is 559.8t/h, the inlet and outlet temperature of the hot water is 79.7/87.7 ℃, and the flow rate is 78.7 t/h. The natural gas consumption is 975Nm3, and the internal combustion engine load is 3995 kW. Therefore, the primary energy utilization rate can reach 89.8%. Therefore, the waste heat utilization rate of the lithium bromide can be greatly increased and the loss is reduced by refrigerating and heating the lithium bromide simultaneously.
To better find the equilibrium point of lithium bromide, the following points can be noted:
1. the opening of the lithium bromide heat medium water outlet adjusting door is fixed, so that the flow of the heat medium water passing through is fixed (the return water temperature of the heat medium water is larger than the temperature of the flue gas in the flue gas heat exchanger, and the reduction of high generation pressure caused by temperature difference is not considered), and the reduction of the high generation pressure generated after a certain amount of heat medium water passes through the lithium bromide can be determined.
2. And (4) observing and recording the high generation pressure (the flue gas three-way valve is not in the full-open position) when the heat medium water standby door is not opened at the return water temperature of each refrigerant water.
3. The opening degree of the smoke three-way valve is manually adjusted, so that when lithium bromide passes through a certain amount of heat medium water in a refrigeration mode, the high generation pressure can also keep the pressure when the heat medium water standby door is not opened.
4. The internal combustion engine is controlled to meet the requirement of about 4000kw, and the influence caused by the change of the smoke amount is reduced.

Claims (5)

1. A lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on a gas distributed energy station comprises a flue gas three-way valve (1), an internal combustion engine and a lithium bromide unit, wherein the lithium bromide unit is a flue gas hot water type double-effect absorption lithium bromide unit, the lithium bromide unit comprises a flue gas high-pressure generator (2) and a hot water heat exchanger (3), three branches of the flue gas three-way valve (1) are respectively connected with a flue gas outlet of the internal combustion engine, an inlet of the flue gas high-pressure generator (2) and ambient air,
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the transition season, the cold and hot loads of users are all lower, the return water temperature of the lithium bromide unit is reduced in the refrigeration mode, and when the lithium bromide unit is only switched to the refrigeration mode, the return water temperature of the refrigerant water of the lithium bromide unit at the moment is detected, so that the method is suitable for the refrigeration of the lithium bromide unitThe residual heat of the flue gas can not be fully utilized, the opening degree of the three-way valve is less than 100 percent, and the pressure P of the flue gas high-pressure generator (2) at the moment is recorded0Then manually making the opening of the flue gas three-way valve (1) be 100%, making the flue gas at the outlet of the internal combustion engine completely enter the flue gas high-pressure generator, and opening a hot water valve of a lithium bromide unit, making part of the hot medium water exchange heat with the refrigerant steam in the flue gas high-pressure generator through a hot water heat exchanger (3), thereby making the pressure of the flue gas high-pressure generator (2) drop to the pressure P when the original refrigeration mode is only opened0
2. The operation adjusting method of the lithium bromide unit based on the gas distributed energy station is characterized in that the return water temperature of the refrigerant water is detected by a temperature sensor arranged at a refrigerant water inlet of the lithium bromide unit.
3. The method for adjusting the operation of the lithium bromide unit based on the gas distributed energy source station according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the relation among the opening of a heating medium water outlet adjusting valve of a lithium bromide unit, the flow of the heating medium water and the pressure drop of a generated smoke high-pressure generator in advance, and determining the opening of the heating medium water outlet adjusting valve at the specific return water temperature of the cooling medium water.
4. The method for adjusting the operation of a lithium bromide unit based on a gas distributed energy station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure P of the high-pressure generator (2) of flue gas at that time is recorded0And manually setting a linear relation equation of the opening of the flue gas three-way valve and the return water temperature in an operation system of the lithium bromide unit, so that the opening of the flue gas three-way valve (1) corresponding to the return water temperature of the refrigerant water is 100%.
5. The method for adjusting the operation of the lithium bromide unit based on the gas distributed energy source station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the load variation range of the internal combustion engine in the gas distributed energy source station is kept within a set interval.
CN201710196704.4A 2017-03-29 2017-03-29 Lithium bromide unit operation adjusting method based on gas distributed energy station Expired - Fee Related CN106989535B (en)

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CN108444145B (en) * 2018-05-02 2023-09-26 双良节能系统股份有限公司 First-class lithium bromide heat pump unit with peak heating function
CN109099622A (en) * 2018-08-23 2018-12-28 中国电力工程顾问集团西南电力设计院有限公司 A kind of distributed busbar protection lithium bromide chiller system multipotency stream Measuring Point Structure
CN110022663B (en) * 2019-03-20 2023-07-18 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 Distributed energy and data center combined waste heat utilization system and working method thereof
CN112460832A (en) * 2020-09-09 2021-03-09 国网综合能源服务集团有限公司 Lithium bromide refrigerating unit based on gas comprehensive energy station and operation method of refrigerating unit

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